LETTER FROM BUCKS CO., FA. 
CHOPS OP 1862 — PA KM IMPLEMENTS. & c, 
Eds. Run a i. New-Yorker:—' The crops of IS62 
have generally yielded an average in Hiis region. 
Grass and wheat have produced a full average, but 
oats were badly injured by the Aphis, or grain 
louse, which made the grain very light. A large 
portion of the grain will not weigh twenty pounds 
per bushel. The corn crop Buffered badly In some 
localities from the drouth, which is often the case, 
but the yield will be fair, and nearly up to the 
average "of the last ten years. Potatoes—a light 
yield, but are keeping well, and clear of the rot, 
that so often destroys the whole crop with us. The 
apples are Ihe fullest crop of the season, and proba¬ 
bly greater than we have had since 1844—quite a 
treat for us. as we have not had enough for home 
consumption for the last five years. I now have 
bearing ttees enough to procure six thousand bush¬ 
els annually, which have not had on more than six 
hundred (previous to the present year) for the past 
five years—the bloom being destroyed twice by 
cold storms, and three times by foggy, dull wea¬ 
ther, in that time. T am happy to see that, although 
a large portion of the laboring class has been called 
to the battle-field, to protect us and our country, 
those who have remained at home have been suc¬ 
cessful In providing for the wards of all, and have 
a surplus yet to spare—so that we have no fear that 
famine will be added to the horrors of war. 
I see an inquiry in your paper for the best farm 
mill to grind grain by horRe power, with two horses, 
and in reply I will state that X have one of Fel¬ 
ton's. manufactured at Troy, which 1 have had in 
use about ten years. During that time I have 
ground about 7,000 bushels of grain for feed, such 
as corn, rye and oats. It grinds moderately fine, at 
the rate of six to eight bushels per hour, with a 
two-horse railway power, without any expense for 
repairs, and I think the mill will last (from present 
appearauce) for twenty years to come, as the grind¬ 
ing surface does not appear to be in the least injured 
by wear. As I have no interest in the sale of the 
above mills, I cannot inform “ Inquirer” whether 
the mills are still manufactured there, or, if so, at 
what price they can be obtained; but I think this 
the best mill I have ever seen. 
1 have tried many of our new and improved 
implements, and I find some of them superior to 
old ones we have in use. and others of but little 
value. I had the second fork for unloading hay hy 
horse-power that was ever used in Pennsylvania. 
After a fair trial, I had it brought to notice through 
the Albany Cultivator. and I am pleased to see the 
good that 1 accomplished by bringing it before tbe 
public. 1 also tried TTalloway's Wind-Mill for 
pumpiug water for stock, but it proved a failure 
with us, in consequence of our severe gales. 
As I fear that I am troubling you with a long 
letter, and but little profit, I will close by wishing 
you success with the Rural. 
Yours truly, Adrian Cornell, Sr. 
Bucks County, Ta., Not., 1S62. 
YOUNG FARMER ON FARMING. 
MOORE’S RORAL 11W- 
his profession, can find time for study, and gather 
new ideas that will enable him to prosecute his 
labors more successfully, and thus advance the 
interests of his high calling. Notwithstanding 
farming is an honorable aud indispensable avoca¬ 
tion, it is but lightly prized by many farmers' eons, 
and they seek other employments and follow less 
honorable pursuits. 
But, from a dance at the present condition of our 
country, I apprehend that the benefits and import¬ 
ance of Agriculture will ere long become more 
apparent even to a casual observer,—and though it 
may not be the speediest road to wealth and dis¬ 
tinction, it will he found to be the more sme founda¬ 
tion to build upon. It is time that every farmer 
should be aroused to a true sense of l)is position 
Our Government is to be vindicated, large armies 
are to be clothed and fed, and heavy taxes must be 
paid, which will call largely upon the farmer’s 
resources. Nor are the tillers of the soil to labor for 
our own country alone. Beyond broad Atlantic’s 
tumultuous waves a voice has ever been ringing in 
our ears for bread, and that voice will continue at 
intervals to Bound upon the American farmer’s ear. 
Then, is it not highly important and necessary that 
every American farmer should be industrious and 
economical, that much unnecessary Buffering may 
be avoided, and his power and influence be felt at 
home and abroad? Farmer. 
Monroe Co., N. Y., Dec., 1862. 
HOW TO BUILD AN ICE-HOUSE. 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker:—! Seeing an inquiry 
in a late Rural in regard to building an Ice-House, 
brought to mind the fact of bow few avail them¬ 
selves of the greatest of all luxuries in hot weather, 
which is ice. I will now give you a plan of my 
ice-house, from which any one can build who can 
use a saw and hammer. 
It has been built about ten years, and is all sound 
yet, with the exception of tbe boards on the inside, 
which will want to be replaced once in about five or 
six years. The size is 8 by 10 outside, six feet high, 
l took two-inch plank, 12 inches wide, lor sills and 
plates, halved together at the corners. I used studs 
on the inside, and boarded up and down outside. 
The cracks should bo covered with battens to pre¬ 
vent the air striking the ice. The rafters should be 
five or six inch stuff, boarded on the inside, and the 
space filled w ith either saw-dnsl or refuse tan-bark. 
The inside should be boarded the other way to with¬ 
in a foot or so of the plates, which should be left un¬ 
til the space is filled. I place poles or scantling in 
the bottom, and cover with slahs, which will afford 
al! the drainage necessary. The doorshould at ways 
be on the north side. The cracks in Ihe north gable- 
end should be left open for the purpose of ventila¬ 
tion. I consider saw-dust the best to fill the sides 
with, but tan-bark, turner's shavings, chaff or straw 
will do. 
It is more work to fill an ice-houBe the first, year 
than it is ever after that. I like snow the best of 
anything to pack in—always filling the cracks be¬ 
tween the cakes as solid as possible. 1 have taken 
out snow the last of summer just as fresh as when it 
was put in. The size of this house may be objected 
aloDg side of bees from various districts, with which 
they learn both to do b title and to do tbe amiable. 
Iu short, they see society, become bees ol tbe world, 
and return to their garden nooks with renewed 
health and pluck, over and above adding considera¬ 
bly to the value of their stores. We. have heard an 
extensive breeder of pheasants state that he con¬ 
sidered change of scene for breeding birds also 
required, in order to keep the old turds in health, 
and in a state in which they would breed annually. 
without our own coffee, as of permitting any of 
them to go without a few cate or a little nteal every 
day through the winter. Oats are unquestionably 
better than any other grain for young stock, as it is 
the production of muscle, and not, the laying on of 
fat, the owner seeks. A dozen thrifty, sleek, well- 
to-do calves are worth looking at in any man’s 
barn, but tbe thin, pinched effigies which are too 
frequently to bo seen nibbling oats on the lee side 
Rural Notes anb Items. 
Reduction- in the Size op Newspapers —We hear nothing 
of the enlargement of newspapers, now a days, hut their 
msmaUment (or a material advance in price,) is in order aud 
becoming quite popular, or at least n necessity to continued 
existence. Many of our exchanges have already been reduced 
or their subscription rates increased, and others announce 
changes on the first proximo. Some have increased their 
and in a stabs in which they would breed annually, of a snow-bank—endeavoring to Fave the life, which. 1 s ° 1 , , proximo, some nave increased their 
It, is a common thing to have tbe breeding pens if they could reason, they would very soon decide an ll>f6rior qugl ^ of paper , Thfse ch Bro necc JJ* 
fixed; and keepers know how spiritless they become was not worth saving, so far as they were con- by the enormous advance in the price of paper-such «the 
in such places alter a year or two's confinement, cerned—are always a reproach to tbe owner, and Rural is printed upon (for wo bare changed neither u*e nor 
But when the pens are made of light material, and an evidence that he is either knowingly or igno- quality.) now costing nearly double what it did only three 
changed in situation every two years or so, birds rantly a cruel man. months ago. The Agricultural Press is of course affected by 
remain comparatively healthy. 
Removing Honey from Hives. 
Tub California Farmer says:—Two years ago 
we tried the following experiment on a hive of bees, 
from which it was desired to take the honey. Hav¬ 
ing bored a few holes near the top ot the hive, it 
was then inverted and an empty box of the same 
size placed over it; both were then lifted into an 
empty tub, inlo which was slowly poured, allowing 
time for the liquid to penetrate through the holes, 
but not loo fast, in order to avoid drowning the bees. 
As the water rose among the combs the bees found 
their way up into the empty box, which was then 
lifted off and placed on the bee-stand. Tbe box. full 
of water and combs, was then lifted gradually out 
Of the tub, tbe water escaping by the holes through 
which it entered. The whole operation occupied 
but a few minutes, and scarcely any bees were lost. 
Tbe short time necessarily prevented the honey 
from becoming dissolved, and, as the greater nmn- 
Curius Fork. 
An exchange says a French Chemist has lately 
asserted that scurvy will never arise from the use of 
salt provisions, unless saltpetre be used in the 
curing; <hat salt, alone answers all the purposes, 
provided the animal heat be entirely parted with 
before salting. He claims 'hat the insertion of pork 
in pickle alone is not sufficient, but that it should be 
rubbed thoroughly with dry salt after it has entirely 
parted with its animal heat, and that then the fluid 
running from the meat should be poured off before 
packing the pork in the barrel. This should be 
done sufficiently close to admit no unnecessary 
quantity of air, and some dry salt should occupy the 
space between the pieces, and then pickle, and not 
water, should be added. Great care must be tnken 
to fill the barrel entirely full, so that no portion of 
the meat can at any lime project above tbe surface 
of the fluid; for if this occur, a change of flavor 
ensues such as is known with rusty pork. The 
to hv some, but mine holds enough for a large fami- her of cells are sealed up, there is realty little dai! pickle, of course, must be a saturated solution of 
ly. and also a dairy of 20 cows. I don’t believe any 
dairyman who has hud ice to use one year would be 
without it fur ten times the cost. 
One thing more about the bouse:—it should be 
banked up at the bottom, fur any circulation of air 
through the ice will melt it as fast as water poured 
through it yr. 
Black lUver, Jeff. Co., N. Y. 
ger of such loss being sustained. After tbe water 
was drawn off it was found to be only slightly sweet; 
the combs soon became dry, and the honey was in 
no way injured. 
salt and water, that is, so strong that it is incapable of 
dissolving more salt. It must be remembered that 
cold water is capable of dissolving more salt than 
hot water. 
Rural is printed upon (for ire hare changed neither viz? n0 r 
quality.) non- costing nearly double what it did only three 
months ago. The Agricultural Press is of course affected by 
this paper crisis—the rain falling upon the just a9 well a, (| ie 
unjust. Some journals have already been reduced, ami others 
will be next month. The last number of the N. II Journal 
if Agriculture appears in quarto form and greatly reduced, ( t0 
that it is only a little over half the size of the Uuu.il,) while 
the quality of “ print " used, and style of the paper, do not 
compare fnrorably with former issues. The N. E Former. 
one of our very best, exchange*, announces that, its dimeti 
sions will be so reduced as to enable ttie puhlLhem to 
furnish tbe paper at present rates—f2 per tingle copy, and 
less to clubs. The Farmer is now printed on a sheet considera¬ 
bly tmailer and lighter than tliat we use—about tbe size ot the 
Rural two years ago, (before its enlargement,) ive think. 
We hare hoped, and still hope, to avoid another change in 
the Rural, yet the recent great risa in the price of paper an 
advance of nearly $3 per ream since Am. 1st, when imr club 
rates for 1803 were announced—may, if maintained necessi¬ 
tate an increase of price or reduction in size. Certainly, if ;lu 
present price of paper is maintained for twelve months (aud 
many think it will be higher still ) we cannot furnish the Ru¬ 
ral in its present style and size, at our rates, without arinui- 
ly losing money But we hope for the best, and if obliged to 
make any change shall probably reduce the size to what it was 
iu 1860, and continue present subscription rates unchanged. 
It shall (D. V.) be continued in the best style and largest size it 
can possibly be aff rded in any event. 
FLAX CULTURE-INQUIRIES. 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker:— I notice in a late 
number of tbe Rural an article taken from the 
N. E. Farmer in reference to the cultivation of 
flax. 1 regard this matter of vast importance to tbe 
farmer and 1o the whole country. Last season 1 
took considerable Interest in calling the attention of 
the farming community, through the medium of 
our home paper, to ihe importance of cultivating 
flax for cottonizing purposes. The article you pub¬ 
lish does not give the full particulars in reference 
to its cultivation, rotting, breaking, &o. Will you, 
therefore, or some of your readers, answer the an¬ 
nexed questions for ihe benefit of your correspond¬ 
ent, and all who are interested in advancing the 
interests of the Legal North, and to aid in "fluxing 
out,’’ effectually, King Cotton? 
When is the best lime to sow?—and would it an¬ 
swer just as well to bow the first, or middle of May? 
How much seed to the acre? You speak of unrot- 
ted straw. Could the straw be converted (or bro¬ 
ken) into fibre when the. straw is unrotted? Some 
writers speak of dew rotting before taking off the 
seed. If it is necessary to dew rot, how long should 
it remain on tbe ground after cut ting before housing 
or threshing? Some say thresh off Ihe seed and 
then dew rot it before breaking. Which is best? 
How is it, prepared for market? Should it bo 
scutched after breaking and before it is fit for bal¬ 
ing? or is breaking gufBcient? And, finally, will 
there always be a ready market for good prepared 
flax? and at what price? 
Remarks.— We could answer a portion of the 
above questions, but prefer to submit, the whole sub¬ 
ject to some experienced flax grower. There are 
many persons among our readers who can answer 
most, of the queries correctly, (save the last one, 
which will require a prophet.) Who will respond ?— 
Ed. 
Timber for Bee Pastures. 
Tiie Bee Journal advises those wishing to im¬ 
prove their bee pasturage to plant maple, locust, 
chestnut, and linden trees, and to encourage others 
to do so. In setting out ornamental trees, it in surely 
worthy one’s attention to have regard to their 
honey-producing power; and to select, with this 
end in view, those blooming at different times, 
rather than all of one kind, or those blooming at 
the same time. We should like to know the com¬ 
parative value of these trees lor producing honey, 
and also which varieties of those mentioned are the 
best 
For timber, the yellow locust is the most valua¬ 
ble. It is extensively planted on the western prai¬ 
ries, where it, grows very rapidly, and is chiefly 
used for railroad sleepers. In Southern Ohio, 
bees, some years, gather a large portion of their 
surplus honey from the locust. Their industry 
during the yield from the locust is surprising. 
Where the trees grow in great numbers, they almost 
abandon all other sources of supply. 
SRurat JtyiHt of tit* 
The Crops in Iown. 
The yield of wheat, is estimated at 20,000 000 
bushels this year, being 1,750,000 bushels more than 
the crop of 1801. There have been 1 325.000 acres 
cultivated this season iu corn, which will yield 
70,250,000 bushels, or an excess over the crop of last 
year of 10.000,000 bushels. Oa s will reach 10.000,- 
000 bushels hay, 1,000,000 Ions; eorghuui, 3 ODD 000 
gallons; an-i potatoes double last year’s quantity 
The Stfttfi will be able to export this year 175,000 
cattle and 900,000 hogs. The increase of sheep has 
been about one-third during the past year, making 
the number in the State 360,000. 
Experiments in Feeding Slock. 
The Highland Agricultural Society ot Scot¬ 
land, after a series of experiments with the view ot 
ascertaining the cheapest cattle food, published the 
results in tbe Jcnirml, as follows: 
Six bullocks, bred upon the Society’s farm, and 
similar in appearance and aptness to fatten, were 
divided into three lots of two each. They were fed 
for 112 days, upnn Swedish turnips lor the first, 
tnoriib, turnips and mangel beets the second, and 
subsequently mangels. Each bullock had in addi¬ 
tion 6 lbs. low meadow hay cut into chafu and 5 lbs. 
oil cake, or its equivalent cost in other materials, 
daily. The result showed lhat lot No. 1, led op five 
pounds oil cake per bullock, together with the chaff 
and roots, gained G37 lbs. during 112 days. Lot No. 
2. fed on the chuff and roots, with wheal and barley, 
costing the same as the oil cake, gained 069 lbs. 
Lot No. 3, fed ns above, substituting bruised lin¬ 
seed for the oil cake, gained 718 lbs., showing that 
the. linseed was (tie most valuable, and the oil cake 
the least so. Again, the overage increase in weight, 
for Ihe 112 days, was 337 lbs,, and taking the cost of 
chaff, oil cake and attendance into consideration, it 
was found lhat the 90 cwt. roots consumed, realized 
40s. 6d., or 1 Is. per tou. This is quite, different front 
Alderman Mechl’s opinion of roots, in the crude 
book, “How to Farm Profitably,” in which he Bays 
that the profits ol twenty acres of roots all went 
into the manure heap o( the “ungrateful bullocks.’» 
Corn Husks for Paper. —Wo have received from Mr. 
Mathias Hctchinsox, of ICng’s Ferry, Cayuga county, sev 
era! specimens of pressed corn husks, with legible writing 
upon them, and having the appearance of paper. One is 
inscribed thus:—“A corn limit written upon in its nxtme.l 
state, except being pressed,” and it has the appearance of be¬ 
ing a better article of •■print” than many of the rebel papers 
are printed upon. Mr. H. writes.—“ Until I am better inform 
ed, t shall believe that a Cheap and good paper may he pro¬ 
cured from com hutki. If the experiment has not already 
been made, would It not be worth while, iu view of the scar- 
fin of cotton, o test it by a thorogh Dial ’ Husks do not 
make the best kind of ‘odder, and millions of pounds might 
he collected In tlie Middle and Northern States. Perhaps the 
above L but an idle speculation of mind; if so, it is not the 
first one that has been made on paper.”-We certainly think 
OOru husks worthy the attention of paper makers, and hope 
SOOn to learn the resuit, of experiments in its use as a substi¬ 
tute for rags. 
The Death or John A. Taintor, Esq., of Hartford, Ct., 
is announced. He died on the 15th ult., of disease of the 
heart. Mr. Taintor lias long been known as an ardent lover 
and promoter of rural pursuits, and ns devoting special atten¬ 
tion to the importation aud breeding of domestic animals. I n 
noticing his decease the Boston Cultivator says—"Of late 
year- he was engaged extensively in tho importation ot cattle 
from the Channel stands, chiefly from Jersey, and probably 
introduced more of this stock into this country than any other 
man Ills personal acquaintance with ttio leading breeders 
of the islands, from frequent visits, enabled him to secure tho 
brst animals. He whs also a successful hort'eulturist as those 
who have visited his beautiful garden, comprising one of the 
finest sites in tho valley of tho Connecticut, can testily. His 
liberality in tho promotion of agricultural improvement will 
he long remembered ” 
RURAL EXPERIENCES-NO. II. 
j 
( 
t 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker: — Not long since* 
while reading some of your excellent papers, (which 1 
my father takes. au<l thinks an indispensable arti¬ 
cle.) I noticed an article urging farmers io write on 
the sul ject of f irming, and 1 thought that through the 
columns of your paper I would say something on 
this important topic. It is a fact that too many ot 
our farmers don't make farming pay. I suppose it 
is the same with you as it is arnoDg us— that some 
men who own farms ot fifty to a hundred acres of 
land complain that they can’t get rich, or make 
farmiog pay. Some farmers will let their farms go 
to loose ends; let their cattle and sheep run over 
tbe farm wherever they will. The front yard and 
barn doors, are often open, and the hogs and cattle 
fighting to see which will get the most feed, while 
the owner runs in, picks up the lork, gives them 
a good pricking, ami away they go, helter to skel¬ 
ter.” In the meantime he gets a pitch-fork full of 
fodder, and goes out and throws it in the mud, say¬ 
ing, l< there. T guess that will do for this time.” He 
throws the fork into the barn, sets a rail against the 
doors, and goes to the house to warm his shins. 
His cattle, hogs and sheep are huddled so close 
together that the four feet of each would almost 
stand on a penny: while the rain and snow are 
giving their hides a good soaklDg; and then a gust 
of wind comes and almost blows them off their 
foundations, and the boards on the barn are keep¬ 
ing time with tbe storm. 
Now, the above is true of many farmers in this 
region. Keep your cattle and sheep undercover, 
and see tbe difference. Alter tbe fall’s work is 
done, or any other spare time, go to the woods and I 
get out some timber; get Eome rails and boards, and 
put up some stables: then make a sheep shed, and 
see in how much better order your cattle will be in 
the spring. Your sheep won't have their wool half 
off their backs. Give your stock some roots ox- 
grain, Last winter my father tried this way of 
farming, and found that there was nothing lost, but 
a good deal gained. But perhaps I am occupying 
too much room iu your valuable paper, and will 
close for the present, though I may hereafter give 
you some facts and figures ot past experience. 
South Norwich, C. W., 1862. J. M. W. 
Most people only tell one side of a story, and that 
is the smooth side; but here is the rough side. A 
few years ago my brother and myself built a hog- 
house, and wishing to save the urine with the ma¬ 
nure, did not hardly know how to do it; but the 
stone mitsou (who always wants a good job.) said. 
grout it, for that’s the way they did it, in Scotland.” 
So we adopted bis suggestion, and it looked very 
nice when finished. It was some time before we 
put the hogs upon it, so it would be dry and hard. 
It went very well for a few weeks, and then what a 
disapjmnlmerd!— what a general root up!— and a 
lew days more and plank and sleepers took the 
place of stono aud mortar. 
We also grouted an underground stable, (for 
calves and sheep.) which proved more substantial, 
but too hard for their feet, and not a very soft place 
to sleep, unless well coveted with straw. 
Again we missed it,;’' rigged our stables with 
the shut-vp. hold-fad, standstill stanchions. These 
will do well enough for a dairy, but tor young stock 
(hey are not the thing—as they, like small children, 
need exercise, and do better to run loose into a 
warm i-hed or stable. Sheep w ill also do much bet¬ 
ter to have their freedom, and not shut tip in a 
stable. Cold does not afl’eot sheep, but a wet, muddy 
yard does. 
Las', but not least, fat pork at the cost of six 
dollars per hundred, and sell for five. 
Observation. 
Onondaga Co., N. Y., December, 1862. 
Securing Fire-Wood. 
Says the Boston Cultivator ,—It is nearly as im¬ 
portant for the farmer to ‘-take time by the forelock” 
iu getting his supply of fire-wood as in getting his 
hay. When there is but little or no ppow on the 
ground, men can cut wood to much better advan¬ 
tage than when there is much snow. It is also much 
more comfortable working on bare ground. There 
is then nothing to hinder cutting tbe trees so closely 
that but little is lost in tbe stump*, and every branch 
can be readily seen and gathered. If the wood is 
piled up as it is cat, it can be moved with the first 
snow that, is deep enough to make good sledding. 
It is more cod venient to do this with sleds than with 
wagons or carts. 
Preserving Wood by .Salt. 
J. B, Simons, of Brush Valley, Indiana, thus 
writes to the Scientific American: — I have used 
common salt for the preservation of mill-shafts or 
water-wheel shafts, and it has had a good eff.iot in 
staying the decayed timber. Take a two-inch 
auger, bore holes into the stick of timber, and till 
up with salt, and then plug up the holes tight. In 
a large stick of timber, like a water-wheel shaft, 
bore a bole through the center, like a pump, and till 
up with salt aud plug up, and there U no telling 
how long this may last, as it has been tried with us, 
and has answered very well. No man would 
believe what effect it will have till he tries it. I 
have used it in a mill-shaft that was decaying, and 
it certainly baa helped it wonderfully. I have 
never seen a salt barrel but what was sound, and 
will stand more wet weather than any other barrel 
or stave of its kind. 
®Xt jC * * p * V . 
Change of Scene for Bees. 
The Scottish Farmer has the following on tho 
“Importance of change of Scene to Bees:” 
A frieud, who has been a bee-master for forty 
years, informs us that he considers a change of 
scene, especially from garden to heather, of great 
advantage to the bees. He noticed that when his 
hives were not removed to hill quarters for ft few 
seasons, they became effeminate and thornless, and 
lhat, when bees from strange hives made an attack 
upon ihem or ibeir stores, they showed a deficiency 
in courage; whereas he noticed that when sent oft 
regularly to rusticate among the hills, they always 
showed a more stirring and plucky nature, and ene¬ 
mies were seldom successful iu a battle. This he 
accounted for in this manner. Beea in a wild state 
change their abode frequently; indeed, this they are 
often forced to do, from the trees,etc.,in which they 
lodge being frequently destroyed; hence their ten¬ 
dency to effeminacy when confined in the same 
abode for a number of years. Then, when they are 
placed among the hills, they are generally placed 
Tobacco Jnico for Sheep. 
Jas. Moore, wriLiug to the Wisconsin Farmer , 
thus tells how he cured sick sheep (instead of mak¬ 
ing them worse,) by giving them tobacco juice: 
Once in a while I have a Bheep that will li<- down, 
turn on its side, then get up and stretch itself out as 
long aspossible, aud then cramp itself npinto a heap, 
bringing its leet close together under it, then lie 
down again. I have others that try to get up in tbe 
morning, after lying all night., and cannot, the use 
of their limbs being gone. Their tmra lop, their 
head drops to the ground, and they won't eat any¬ 
thing. I had one lie two days in that way, I did 
not expect it to live. But. sir, in both cases, a few 
swallows of strong tobacco juice cured them at 
once, aud the same sheep have not been sick since. 
This was last winter. I would be very ,-Iad to hear 
from anybody on these subjects, as I am iu the sheep- 
raising business, and need all the information I can 
possible geu 
Starving Young Stock. 
A starved calf or coll (says the Massachu¬ 
setts Ploughman) is always a stinted one, and what 
it loses in that way the first two or three years of 
its life, it never regains. In our own experience, 
we have never found any hay too good for young 
i stock, and we should just as soon think of going 
Associated Cheese Dairies. 
In a late number of the Rural, (Nov. 8.) our 
correspondent P., gave an interesting description of , 
a cheese factory iu Oneida county. The Oneida 
Circular describes a similar factory iu Vernon, as 
follows: 
Some dairymen in this neighborhood have com¬ 
bined, and bound themselves to Mr. G. B. Weeka, 
to deliver to him during the term of five years, the 
milk of a certain number of cows, some more and 
some less, in all neatly five hundred cows—Mr. 
Weeks to provide suitable buildings aud apparatus 
for making and curing cheese, and to receive a 
stipulated sum per cwt. fur manufacturing. Each 
man is to pay his share of the expenses for making 
and all the materials that go into tbe cheese, as salt, 
bandage-cloth, &c ; aud lo receive hU share of t,he 
nett proceeds of sates, in proportion to the quantity 
of milk that, he delivers. A committee of three, of 
which Mr. Weeks is one, is authorized to make pur¬ 
chases and sales. 
A visitor to the establishment, if Ihe hour was six 
or eight in tbe morning, would probably be attracted 
to the smaller of two buildings — twenty-six by 
twenty-six feet —for at this time the milk is deliv¬ 
ered. The cans in which the milk is conveyed are 
made expressly for this purpose, round, of the same 
size from tup to bottom, wiih covers to fill the 
inside, so as to be pressed down upon the top of the 
milk, and a faucet or gate at the bottom, through 
which the mi’ll is discharged by tin pipes into a 
similar can inside the building. In this can each 
man’s milk is measured by guaging, and is thence 
discharged into one of three vats, of a capacity ol 
five hundred gallons each, occupying tho center of 
the building. 
These tin vats are standing in plank vats, with a 
narrow space between the plunk and tin, through 
which a current oi cold spring water is made to pass 
during the night, keeping the milk of the evening’s 
delivery cool through the night. When heat is re¬ 
quired. it is raised lo any desired temperature by 
turning off the cold stream, and introducing in its 
place a current of steam from a boiler like a small 
locomotive boiler. No other heat is used; and in 
these three vats the milk is made into curd ready for 
the press, On one side of the room, across the cuds 
of tbe vats, is another shallow vat or sink of plank, 
standing on whpels, on a railroad track extending 
into a wing ot the building used as a press-room. 
The curd, when ready, is dipped into hoops stand¬ 
ing in this shallow vat, and tbeDce passed out to the 
presses. A simple iron screw, turned by band, is 
the form of the press preferred, 
From the pie loom Die cheesea nre token to 
another buildin< —twonty i ix ’• by one hundred 
feet, two stories high — used tor storage. Four 
double tables extend lengthwise through each story, 
for sixteen rows of cheeses. About three hundred 
ave now to be seen on these tables, and they are 
adding lo the number at the rate of fitly a wfltuk. of 
a diaut'-ier of twenty-three inches, by ab nt nine 
inches thick, weighing about one hundred aud fifty 
pounds. 
The advantages claimed for Hue condonation of 
dairies are inanv. Among them are the saving of 
| !,l,or—the services of only four or five person*, men 
and women, being required—slaving in material,_i.be 
expanses tor bondage and h‘'X<‘S being jiron'Otion- 
ati ly Ills for large cheese than for small. But the 
greatest advantage h found in tu- superior quality, 
and hijh market vfdne ot the article inftniifacturtd. 
This is secured hy the. employment, of persons qwat- 
iih d by exclusive application to this business, and 
by the superior facilities which can be secured tor a 
: large establishment. 
The Prick or Flour kok Twkhtv Years.— Good flour was 
recently selling in Philadelphia at $7,75 per barrel being 
higher tu tu at any time since 1S55. Whereupon the Inquirer 
gave the rates in that city for the last twenty years, iu Novem¬ 
ber of each year, as follows: 
Years. 
Rales. 
Years. 
RaFs. 
1842 
$4 25 
1853 
$7.17 
1843 
4,31 
1854 
- - 8,74 
1844 
4.37 
1855 
9,31 
1845 ... 
6 91 
1858 
6,62 
1848 
5,10 
1S57 
5,31 
1847 
6.31 
1858 
6,15 
1843 
6,25 
1850 
6,12 
1849 
5,00 
1860 
4,94 
1850 
4.85 
1861 
5.62 
1851 
1852 
3,91 
4,90 
1862 
7,75 
I? EXR\t ok St; n-i a III UK Now.—All subscribers who wish 
(tie Rural continued without interruption, or lofs of any 
numbers should r enrui th.ir subscriptions at one*, and those 
intending to take Hie new volume, will do well to subscribe 
In fore it commences, if they desire to secure all the numbers. 
The price of printing paper is such that we cannot this year 
afford to publish a large extra edition of early number* in or¬ 
der to supply back numbers after the volume commences, and 
hence only those who subscribe, early can be sure of obtaining 
the volume complete Now's the time, Friends, for each of 
you to remit 12 to these Headquarters, or join ‘'Company A,” 
of the nearest Recruiting Otfleer for the Rural Bmuadk. 
Get tub Rural por tub Bovs. —A letter from an Agent 
in Ionia Co., Mich., closes thus :—“ I was talking with a man 
about subscribing for the Rural. ‘Yes,’said he, ‘I will sub- 
re i be. I hud rather pay the publisher $150 than the shoe¬ 
maker $2 60—for if the troys are not reading (hey arc l turning 
in tbe woods I 1 And he was taking six papers al llio time.’' 
\ good many parents would save money, and improve the 
minds and morals of their children, by subscribing for instruct¬ 
ive amt mtoitaining periodicals. For the lark of good books 
aud papers many boys (aye. and men also) run to and in much 
worse places than tbe woods. 
To Correspondents.— Our recent appeal to Farmers to 
write about Farming lias been responded to by quite a num¬ 
ber of Rural readers, including several foitner correspond¬ 
ents from w bom we liad not beard for months or years These, 
and those who l ave recently written for the first time, will 
accept our ai'kli iwledgmcnts, w ith the ussUrauue that we shall 
be glad to hear from them again and often. Beveral excellent 
practical articles of recent receipt are on file for eaily publi¬ 
cation. Several inquiries and answers are alau necessarily de¬ 
ferred. 
Boientikio American.— This able weekly “Journal of 
Practical Information in Art Science, Mechanics, Chemistry 
am! Manufactures,” published by Munn & Co , New York, 
will eater upon a new volume in January. The terms have 
been advanced from ?2 to 83—lowest club rate |2. Though 
lids seems a great advance, it is not when the rise in paper 
St, o.. is considered. The Scientific is worth tho money asked, 
and its patrons —liberal aud enterprising Inventors, Manufnc 
turers, Mechanics, &c.—will “see it” and sualaiu the pub' 
lishers. 
Novel Stump Extractor. —A writer in the Rural’■ Register 
says lie removed a largo stump from near his house in this 
manner:—In the fall, "ith an inch auger, lie bored a hole in 
the ceuter of the stump ten inches deep, and into it put about 
half a pound of oil of vitrol, aud corked the hole up tight. Xu 
the spring, the whole stump ami roots, extending through aU 
their i amifications, were so rotten that they were easily eradi¬ 
cated. 
Read the “Rural” Letteia from the People, last column 
of next page, and our Premium List, See., on seventh page. 
Clover Hat sor Cows.—The N. K. Farmer states that 
Mr JOHN Day. Of Boxford, Mass , who cuts large quantities ,V 
of clover, feeds it out principally lo his milch cows, and he 
finds that when the clover is exhausted and ho feeds timothy f 
and red-top, ‘ twenty-one cows immediately shrink two cans r 
of milk per day.” ! m 
