aTure 
'_..V rrr ^ / T*i 
TbPICULTUR^ 
ROCHESTER, N. Y.-FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, DECEMBER 20, 1862. 
available for all the purposes of money in (he 
States, and convertible into the bonds of the United 
States at a moderate rate of interest. The people 
are not made dependent upon the will of bankers 
for a circulating medium, but have it secured to 
them by Government, and of a character t,o which 
their own good faith and the Nation’s existence is 
pledged. 
“what uave farmers to do with it?” 
Such was the question asked of me by a well- 
informed farmer the other day. lie belongs to a 
large class who think they have nothing else to do 
than to grow corn and sell it. This class take any 
kind of money (so called) that is offered them, and 
if it prove of a worthless character, or if, through 
certain well-known influences, a panic is produced 
and the currency depreciates, somebody gets roundly 
cursed for it—but “what have formers to do with it?” 
You and T, reader, would feel insulted, if, as 
native-born citizens of the United States, we were 
informed that wo had no sort of voice in the con¬ 
duct of our Government—that our votes were 
simply the legal tools with which political dema¬ 
gogues, who have previously nominated themselve ' 
to office, get themselves indorsed and legally placed 
in power. But is it not a fact? And is this fact not 
the foundation of my friend's singular inquiry? 
I write of these matters because I believe the 
farmers of the North-West are vital ly interested in 
the manner in which this great National financial 
problem is solved. We have luBt enough by the 
speculations stock-brokers in stocks upon which 
our currency was based—with which it was secured. 
We don’t, want any bank issues based upon stocks ot 
any kind. Give the bankers the control of the cur¬ 
rency and they will control the value of stocks, and 
periodical panics and peculations will result. We 
dou't want the prices of our products depreciated 
by the extravagant price of exchange. We wunt a 
money or currency oFjust as great value in Chicago 
as in New York, intrinsically—so that if we pass 
out of our own State with a hundred dollars In our 
pockets, we shall not find it useless iu a neighboring 
State, or depreciated from ten to twenty-five per 
cent. We want to be rescued from the unscrupu¬ 
lous control ot men who buy and sell and get gain 
on the credit of others, which credit may be good or 
bad, as they choose to have it. 
80MB ARGUMENTS AGAINST SECY CHASE'S SYSTEM. 
Secretary Chase's plan provides for the estab- 
lishment of a free, banking 8) stern in all the Stales 
and Terri to ties the issues Of which are to be secured 
by a pledge of United States Stocks, bearing Bix 
percent interest, (This is the scheme before the 
lust Congress to which f suppose Mr. Chare refers ) 
It provides that any bank or banking association in 
any of the States or Territories shall, upon deposit¬ 
ing with a Bank Commissioner United States Slock, 
and promising to keep on hand twenty-five per cent 
of the circulation in coin for its redemption, receive 
! notes, bearing the common impress of the g >vern- 
' incut, to the amount of the par value of the Block 
1 deposited. When any institution fails, or refuses to 
larly civil war - , there is always a sad waste of human 
food. Buyers for the army will be in the market, 
and their operations will affect seriously the prices. 
Much more is needed for the same number in war 
than in peace, while the destruction, of growing 
crops by moving armies is immense, 
“From these and other considerations which will 
suggest, themselves to our readers, eve think the 
conclusion may safely be reached that, produce of 
all kinds will be high unless our friends are more 
than usually active; and we therefore urge farmers, 
not, only tor their own sake, but for the millions 
who depend upon them for bread, to make an extra¬ 
ordinary effort for the production ot the largest 
crops. Those who do not, light for their country 
should fight for an abundant harvest, so they may 
be able lo teed the hungry. This is the time for 
sacrifices, and the farmer.can afford to work a little 
longer and a little harder than usual.” 
Our hopes in this respect have been most fully 
realized, and we think the census returns, it taken 
the present year, would show a marked increase in 
most, of the staple agricultural products of the 
I country. The result is seen in the abundance of 
food which brings remunerative prices to the pro¬ 
ducer, and yet, ia within the means of nearly all, so 
that we see little want,and this little we are abund¬ 
antly a*'le to relieve. We have great reason, as ag¬ 
riculturists and as a nation, lor tbankfnlneBS. Let 
us learn wisdom by the past, and instead of relaxing 
our exertions, strive more earnestly than ever before 
to prepare ourselves by reading and study to do 
well our part in the great conflict of life. 
ter?, teachers and editors, to say nothing ofpoliticians 
and demagogues. They should think, talk and 
write more for themselves, and in furtherance of 
their own interests,—and, next to early education 
and training, the best way to qualify them to do 
this effectually, is to practice these arts (for each is 
an art,) individually and collectively, every favora¬ 
ble opportunity, and especially during the long 
evenings and comparatively leisure days of winter. 
As a class, farmers live too much within themselves 
at all times, and at this season, particularly, are 
prone to imitate Nature too closely—by going into 
a torpid or hibernating state, instead of employing 
their leisure to promote the mt ntD, moral and social 
improvement of themselves and their families. 
— Reader, are you a member of a Farmers’ Club, 
Institute or Society ?—(see article concerning Insti¬ 
tutes. about which wo Intended to s iy a tew words, 
on next page.) If aye, do jour duly by attending 
its meetings and participating in its discussions and 
business, and induce others, especially young far¬ 
mers, to do likewise. If not, one, become a member 
at once, and make its business your Insines. See 
that it is a live,progressive.useful institution;—you 
can do much to make it so, if it is not already. 
Whether it is a local Club or Institute, or a Town, 
District (Union.) or County Ag. Society, there is 
work for you to do. and opportunity for you to exer¬ 
cise a salutary influence in promotion of its objects 
and your own interests. 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
THK LEADING AMERICAN WEEKLY 
RURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE, 
With an Able Corps of Assistants and Contributors, 
CHAS. D. BHAQDQN, Western Corresponding Editor. 
Thb Rural New-Yorker is designed to be unsurpassed in 
Value, Purity, Usefulness and Variety of Contents, and unique 
and beautiful in Appearance. Its Conductor devotes his per¬ 
sonal attention to the supervision of its various departments, 
and earnestly I shore to render the Rural an eminently Reliable 
Guide on all the important Practical. Scientific aud other 
Subjects Intimately conuucted with the business of those whose 
interests it zealously advocates. As a Family JorHNAL it- is 
eminently Instructive snd Entertaining—being so conducted 
that it can be safely taken to the Hearts ami Homes of people 
of intelligence, taste and discrimination. It embraces more 
Agricultural. Horticultural, Scientific, Educational. Literary 
and News Matter, interspersed with appropriate and beautiful 
Engravings, than any other journal,—rendering it the most 
complete agricultural, Litkraut and Family Newspaper 
in America. 
ljjr~ For Terms and other particulars. Bee last page. 
FARMERS’ CLUBS AND INSTITUTES 
AGRICULTURE AND THE TIMES 
THE SORT OF WOOL TO RAISE 
the country are almost exbaustleFS. It is to bo 
hoped that our financiers find statesmen will act 
with wisdom, and do nothing which shall have the 
►•fleet to discourage the producers of the real wealth 
of the country, or rob them of the fruits of their 
noble industry. 
Some of our readers will doubtless remember 
that at the commencement of the present struggle 
between light and wrong, we urged all to make 
unusual exeitions, even to the sacrifice of the usual 
rest and ease which is so pleusant and even bene¬ 
ficial, particularly to those in ihe declining years 
of life, fbr the production of the largest possible 
crops. We then expressed the belief that while 
others were anxious about foreign sympathy, our 
main reliance was upon the toiling millions of our 
own land, and especially upon the producers of the 
necessaries of lile. The experience of the past two 
year?, we think, has proved the correctness of our 
position, which we staled iu the following words: 
“Providence smiled upon the labors of the indus¬ 
trious husbandman, and great was his reward; yet 
the cup of prosperity was dashed from bis lips. All 
was done that a good Providence Could do to make 
this nation prosperous aDd happy, and yet man, 
with little less than blasphemy, has endeavored to 
trample these gifts of Providence iu the dust, turn 
our blessings into curses, and bring Buffering, war, 
and ruin upon our peaceful, happy people. Thr¬ 
ead we cannot yet see, but we have taith to be¬ 
lieve that the madness of a few will not be permitted 
to blast the bright prospects of our happy land, and 
destroy the hopes ol the tillers of ihe soil. We must 
sow iu hope, and we may reap in joy. Seed time 
aud harvest shall never fail. Though parties may 
change and Stales revolt, the earth will continue to 
g veits increase to the intelligent, industrious cul¬ 
tivator. Let us put our trust in Him svho rules the 
nations, who caused) the wrath of man to result in 
His praise, and restrained) the end of wrath, and do 
oar whole duty to our families,our country, aud our 
fellow man. 
“At the present time there are no doubt two 
hundred thousand active Northern men who have 
forsaken the ordinary pun-uits ol Agriculture, Com¬ 
merce, and the Mechanic Arts, for camp; and in a 
tew weeks twice or thrice that number may be in 
the tented field. In addition to those who give 
thi-ir whole service to their country, many more 
will bestow, at this critical time, a large portion of 
their thoughis and time iu this direction. This vast 
army will have uew wants ihatmust be supplied by 
the industry of the country. This will make a great 
demand for labor, and many farmers who have 
never before experienced difficulty in procuring 
necessary help will huve to depend entirely upon 
their own resources. During the war, aud particu- 
ANOTKER FARMERS’ CONVENTION IN ILLINOIS. 
Another convention like unto that reported at 
Ottawa, in a recent number of the Rural, wits lie d 
at Dixon Dec. 1st. 1 attended it. The. same menu - 
rial wtrs adopted, similar resolutions, and speeches 
of the same tenor were made. The currency ques¬ 
tion was also discussed in all its bearings, and the 
unanimous judgment, of gentlemen favored Ihe 
creation of a National currency, of uniform value 
in every part of the United States — a currency 
which shall be available for the payment of all 
taxes, imports and liabilities, anywhere within the 
dominion of the United Stales. The necessity for 
such a currency it* becoming every day more aud 
more apparent. The people are waking up to the 
enormous losses they have sustained by the banking 
systems of the different Suites. Secretary Chase 
concedes, in his report, that “the time has come 
when a circulation of United S'ates notes, in some 
form must be employed”—that “the people demand 
uniformity in currency, aud claim at least part of 
the benefit of debt, without interest, made into 
money, hitherto enjoyed exclusively by the banks,' 
—and pay8. “these demands are just, and must be 
respected.” Exactly;—and why, pray, Mr. Secre¬ 
tary. ueeil the issues of the United States notes be 
made through the banks at all? Why need the 
people be taxed to support these banking institu¬ 
tions, when their own good faith aud credit is 
pledged to make these issues of United States notes 
sound and reliable. I confess i do not like Secre¬ 
tary Chase's scheme; aud it may be that it is 
because i do not clearly comprehend it. 
Allow me to call the attention of your readers 
again to the Memorial hi Congress, adopted by the 
Ottawa Convention, and again adopted at. Dixon, 
published in the last column of page 3H1 of the 
Rural, and to the scheme lor creating a National 
currency therein set forth. Its diet merit is that it 
I provides a National currency of uniform value, 
