Ill 
Falco dubius Gm. S. N. i, 1788, 281.— Lath. Ind. Orn. 1790, 43; Gen. Hist, i, 1821, 279.— 
Daud. Tr. 1800, ii, 122. 
Accipiter striatus Vieill. O. A. S. 1807, pi. 14.— Strickl. Orn. Syn. i, 1855, 109. 
Falco vieillotinu8 Shaw, Gen. Zool. vii, 1809, 204. 
Falco vdox Wits. Am. Orn. v, 1812, 11(3, pi. xlv, fig. 1.— Bonai>. Isis, 1832, 1137 ; Ann. 
N. Y. Lyc. ii, 1833, 29. 
Accipiter velox Vig. Zool. Beecbeys Voy. i, 1824, 338. 
Astur vdox James, (ed. Wils.) Am. Orn. i, 1831, (38. 
Falco penvsylvanicus Wilson, Am. Orn. vi, 1812, 1, pi. 40, fig. 1. 
Accipiter perm sylvanicus Stephens, Zool. xiii, ii, 1815, 32.— Vigors, Zool. Jonrn. i, 
1824, 338.— Swainson, Fauna Bor.-Am. ii, 1831, 8, 44. — Jardine (ed. Wilson), 
Am. Orn. i, 1831, 70. 
Astur penn sylvanicus Lesson, Man. i, 1829, 92.— Jameson (ed. Wilson), Am. Orn. 
i, 1831, 70. 
Xisus pen n sylvanicus Cuvier, Reg. An. i, 1829, 334.— Less. Tr. Orn. 1831, 59. 
Sparvius striatus Vieillot, Nouv. Diet, x, 1817, 338. 
Xisus striatus Cuvier, Rhg. An. i, 1829. 334. 
Accipiter ardesiaceus Vieil. Enc. Mdtli. iii, 1823, 1274. 
Xisus malfini Lesson, Tr. Orn. 1831, 58. 
Accipiter fringilloides Jardine (ed. Wilson), Am. Orn. ii, 1832, 215. (Not of D’Orb. 
1839, ex Vigors, 1828.) 
? Xisus pacificus Lesson, Man. 1847, 177. 
Hob. —Entire continent of .Nortli America, south to Panama; Baha¬ 
mas, but not in Cuba (where replaced by N. fringilloides ) or other 
West India Islands. 
Wing, 6.35-8.80; tail, 5.50-8.20; culmen, 0.35-0.60; tarsus, 1.85-2.30; 
middle toe, 1.10-1.55. Fourth and fifth quills longest, third nearly 
equal to sixth, outer five with inner webs emarginated. Tail even or 
slightly emargiuated. 
Adult male: —Above plumbeous, becoming gradually darker on the 
pileum, the feathers with blackish shaft-streaks. Tail rather lighter, 
usually browner, (sometimes with a narrow white terminal margin), 
crossed with four dusky bands. Occipital feathers pure white beneath 
the surface, and scapulars with large concealed roundish spots of 
the same. Lower parts mixed white and rufous, in transverse spots or 
bars, the rufous bars usually connected along the middle of the feather, 
the shaft being conspicuously darker. Throat and cheeks streaked but 
not barred. Crissum and anal region immaculate pure white. Tibite 
usually with the rufous predominating, rarely uniform rufous. Wing, 
6.70-7.10; tail, 5.80-6.10; culmen, 0.38-0.42; tarsus, 1.90-2.05; middle toe, 
1.10-1.25. 
Adult female: —Similar to the male, but less bluish above, and the 
white of the lower parts less pure. Wing, 7.80-8.80; tail, 6.60-8.20 ; 
culmen, 0.48-0.60; tarsus, 2.00-2.25; middle toe, 1.30-1.55.* 
Young male: —Above dark sepia, the feathers bordered terminally 
with rusty, the feathers of the nape widely edged with the same, or 
with fulvous-whitish; feathers of the pileum similarly but more narrowly 
edged with the same. Tail brownish-gray, crossed by four to five well- 
defined, continuous, narrow bands of blackish. Scapulars and upper tail- 
coverts with concealed large spots of white, and occipital region white 
beneath the surface. Beneath, white, with or without an oehraceous 
tinge, the anal region and crissum immaculate, the throat streaked 
with dusky; the breast, abdomen, sides, and flanks with broad stripes 
of dilute sepia, with darker shaft-streaks, these stripes sometimes dilat¬ 
ing on the sides into chain-like series of spots; tibiae with elliptical 
or tear-shaped stripes, or variously-shaped spots, of dilute sepia, on a 
* Terminal two-thirds of bill deep black ; basal portion pale blue ; interior of month 
bright cobalt-bine; more purplish far back; cere, rictus, eyelids, and naked “ eyebrow” 
oil-green; iris dee)) orange-red; tarsi and toes browish lemon-yellow; claws jet-black 
(No? 956, Mus. R, R.). 
