58 
ying immediately to the north, or from some subjacent portion of the 
same mass. In altitude the ridge covered by these coarse sediments 
appears to be greater than any of the others on which Cainozoic 
deposits are present. The argillaceous deposits, though examined as 
much as was practicable, revealed no fossils with the exception of a few 
casts in ferruginous clay. This occurrence is in a small cutting on the road 
between allotments 14 and 15, parish of Lyndhurst, and near the S.W. 
corner of the former allotment. The casts have been cursorily examined by 
Mr. J. Dennant, F.G.S., F.C.S., who, however, states that they are not 
sufficient!v definite to admit of determination. With time, a fair collection 
of casts would probably be obtained here. 
At the bridge over the Eumemmerring Creek, on the Sale road, the Caino¬ 
zoic shows in section thus :—Grey sand and surface soil, 3 feet; yellow and 
grey sandy and gravelly clays, 6 feet; medium-grained grey quartz grits and 
gravels, merging into the overlying clays, 2ft. Gin.; yellow and light grey 
patchv plastic clays, 3 feet. These last clays are very similar to some of the 
Wallace Bav clavs near Frankston. 
xi X) 
About 1-^ miles nearer Berwick there are mottled clays, on ferruginous 
gluts, on yellow, red, and white mottled patchy sandy clays, resting on white 
clayey fine sands, with small cylindrical pieces of brown and drab clays 
mixed through the white sands. 
An interesting occurrence is noticeable on allotment 88, parish of Sherwood, 
near the S.W. corner of the Caramallam P.R. (allotment 39). It is a small 
rise capped by about 30 feet of white sand. On the lower portion the plough has 
turned up large pieces of quartz and smaller pieces of what looks like quartz 
.grit of medium-sized angular pieces' of quartz cemented together by silica. 
Loose pieces of angular, milky and sub-crystallized quartz occur in a bed 
about 3 inches thick lying on yellow clayev loam about 6 inches below the 
surface. Still lower down the slope, aboriginal stone flakes have been found 
at depths up to 1 foot, when sinking post-holes—so I was informed by 
Mr. E. Waller. Whether this was an old camping ground of the blacks, 
who collected these rocks together for the purpose of utilizing them as imple¬ 
ments, or that it merely indicates that the Silurian rocks are near the surface, 
is ‘more than I was able to decide. 
The country immediately to the west of this place consists of low ridges 
and points of white firm sand, the intervening portions being covered with a 
varying thickness of humus, and in winter completely under water. They 
form the natural drainage into Western Fort. This portion of the district 
has a general appearance very like some parts of the Powlett Plains and Cape 
Patterson in South Gippsland. 
The sandy country just referred to is covered with a thick growth of heath, 
ti-tree, rushes, coarse grasses, and various small, low, spiny shrubs, with 
small patches or solitary examples of stunted peppermints and manna gums; 
while the looser sandy country, and that where much argillaceous matter is 
present, is clothed with a more vigorous vegetation. The manna gums are 
especially fine specimens of trees, forming along the Cranbonrne-Tooradin 
road, for many miles, as beautiful an avenue of fresh healthy green trees as 
can be seen in the State. 
As already mentioned, in only one place is the Cainozoic seen in section 
with the basalt, and that is a small one consisting of ferruginous gravels. 
Though this is the case, there is no reason to doubt that the clayey beds as 
well overlie the basalt. In fact, the evidence furnished by the sections along 
