03 
Basalt. Eocene ? 
The only volcanic rock noticed, though probably small patches of it occur 
in other places in the district, is a small area of about 5 acres in Mr. F. 
Pinkerton’s allotment No. 19 f, parish of Toora, where it occurs as a narrow 
strip running from the top of the ridge down the slope a short distance into 
the valley of Tin Creek. It consists chiefly of a red loam, with nodules of 
hard dense dark basalt. I was informed by Mr. J. Pinkerton that in sinking 
a shallow well on the place the basalt was passed through at 10 feet, and 
“white pug” found beneath. Sinking was discontinued in the pug after 6 
feet had been taken out. 
On the ridge on all sides of the basalt white quartz gravels occur. The 
“white pug” evidently forms part of the stanniferous series of deposits, 
to be described later, found between Shadv Creek on the east and the 
Franklin River on the west. 
Eocene ? 
In the strip of country last-mentioned, and occupying the ridges between 
Shady Creek, Agnes River, Tin Creek, and the Franklin River, and extending 
down the slopes into Tin Creek, is a most interesting series of sediments. 
They consist of a considerable thickness of stanniferous and lignitiferous 
deposits, comprising various clays, loose and cemented sands, gravels and 
grits, the clays containing remains of the higher plants in great abundance, 
though in a bad state of preservation. Besides stream tin, they contain a 
little fine gold, schorl, pleonastes, zircons, titaniferous iron, and various kinds 
of pebbles of quartz, and altered sedimentary rocks. They have at various 
times been mined for tin, and at the time of my visit, early in 1900, operations 
were being carried on at the Agnes River and the Great Southern (Tin 
Creek) mines. 
On following the divide between Shady and Lamont's Creeks, after passing 
over some miles of Jurassic country covered with a fine forest of the trees and 
shrubs characteristic of such soil, one finds, about the source of Lamont’s 
Creek, a sharp and sudden change in the vegetation, which consists of dwarfed 
messmates and peppermints, with ti-tree, heath, rushes, and coarse grasses. 
The soil changes to that of a sandy, gravelly and sandy clayey nature, and 
continues so, with patches of cemented grits, towards the source of the Agnes 
River. Near where first met with are situated the old open-face workings of the 
Granite Bar Extended Tin Mine. The deposits here seen, taken in descending 
order, comprise various kinds of sands, sandy clays, gravels, coarse yellow 
rounded quartz gravels grading off laterally in some parts to gravelly and 
sandy yellow and white clays, coated with oxide of iron in joints and casts 
of included pebbles. Rounded quartz pebbles occur among these gravels, both 
singly and in thin bands, and pieces of tourmaline are also distributed through 
them. Then occur white gravelly clays, very much jointed, and looking exceed¬ 
ingly like decomposed muscovite granite. This feature has probably been the 
cause of the name given to the mine. These beds are about 70 feet thick, and are 
the ones containing the stream tin. Beneath them are slightlv fissile blue clavs 
with vegetable remains and lignite in small pieces; then lilac and grey plastic 
clays, with unidentifiable leaves, and a few quartz pebbles up to 4 inches in 
diameter. The beds dip N. at from 16° to 21°. All these clays are greatly 
jointed, and have a thickness of about 30 feet. Whether they lie directly on 
the Jurassics, or have other Cainozoic deposits beneath them, was not observed. 
Some identifiable leaves might probably be obtained here in dry weather, but 
the heavy and continuous rain that fell during the whole of my visit in 
this district prevented any good specimens from being obtained. 
