those of its kind, was one that he had watched 
with much interest If ex-President Barry had 
been in the Chair, he (Mr. Wilder) would have 
called him to account for having designated him 
as the father of American Pomology. If the 
remark was correct, Mr. Barry might with equal 
propriety be called one of its children who had 
grown wiser than his father. The members of 
this Society are located in a section famous 
above all others for its fine fruits. They have 
intelligence and enterprise to enable them to go 
forward with the good work in which they are 
engaged. He bade the Fruit Growers’ Associa¬ 
tion of Western New York God speed. Mr. 
Wilder concluded by Btatlng that the next meet¬ 
ing of the American Bornological Society would 
be held in St. Louis od the 4th of September 
next, and he hoped to see a largo delegation 
from this vicinity. It will be the first meeting 
of the[8oclety in that region, and he hoped to 
show the people there that Northern fruit grow¬ 
ers were ready to travel half-way across the 
continent to promote the good cause and cement 
the bonds of union. [Applause.] 
Mr. Barry stated that the societies of the west 
were exerting themselves to have large delega¬ 
tions at the next meeting of the American Po- 
mologlcftl Society at St. Louis. They meant to 
astonish their eastern brethren. 
The discussion of the first question was then 
commenced by Mr. Yeomans of Walworth, who 
said he was hardly prepared to speak on the 
subject. lie had done but little in the way of 
the raising of pears. All of his trees were 
dwarfs, and he had no experience In the culture 
of standards, lie saw nothing to discourage 
the raising of this fruit. In many localities he 
understood that heavy losses had been sustained 
from the pear tree blight—with him he had seen 
nothing of it. He thought that there was as 
much lose with other kinds of fruit. He had 
nqt^ lost in the culture of pears one per cent, of 
them from all causes. His dwarfs were at first 
of the White Doyeue or Virgaliou, but they 
cracked so badly ho budded Ills trees with the 
Duchess de Angouleme. HiB fruit was all that 
could be expected from healthy trees, and he 
thought it was a good investment. With other 
kinds he had not ,bcen so successful. He never 
budded the Bartlett directly on the quince. 
Those that he double - worked were vigorous 
aud hardy, and ho would not recommend bud¬ 
ding the Bartlett directly on the quince without 
being double-worked. 
Mr. Oliver Chapin said ho planted about 3,000 
trees, Standards, about 12 years since. They 
were in four years afterwards budded with the 
Bartlett. He hod not received a shilling for that 
ten acres, nor was there a tree upon it he con¬ 
sidered worth anything. Ilia trees had not 
received such care as Mr. Yeomans. His soil 
is what ia termed gravelly loam — good wheat 
land. 
Mr. Burtis of Rochester, had bad some expe¬ 
rience in pear raising. The Duchess de Angou¬ 
leme hud done well with him. The trees wanted 
careful attendance. When the blight first appears 
put the knife to the limb. He could not dis¬ 
courage the raising of pears. 
Mr. Barry asked Mr. Chapin if there were not 
pear orchards in liia neighborhood that were 
goodV 
Mr. Chapin did know one or two, and one of 
those was on Btilfer soil than hia — on aside bill , 
and not much exposed to lhe wind. 
Mr. L. F. Allen of Buffalo, was invited to 
occupy the chair during the absence of the Pres¬ 
ident. 
W. P. Townsend of Lockport, said he had 
commenced with a large number of varieties; 
but had gradually reduced the number to about 
ten or twelve. For the first ten years they paid 
well; but for the last five years they had been 
badly Injured by blight. The White Doyennes 
and Bonne de Jerseys were badly injured, while 
the Duchess de Angouleme hud mostly escaped. 
He thought there were very few localities In 
which pear culture could he made profitable. 
He recommended the Duchess de Angouleme, 
on the Quluce, Bartlett and Seckel. His soil was 
u sandy loam, running down to clay —“hard 
pan.” His opinion was that only in a few 
favored localities could the pear be raised with 
profit, on a large scale. 
Mr. Barry said that if it were not for the blight 
the question as to profit would not he asked. 
As long as summer pears brought $8 to $10 a 
barrel, and later pears $12 to $20, nothing could 
be more profitable. Every thing that was raised 
hud its enemies. There are losses in every de¬ 
partment of industry. The pear had the advan¬ 
tage of bearing every year, while apples bore 
only every other year, or less frequently. Pear 
cultivators, w hose orchards had been unsuccess¬ 
ful were those who became discouraged at an 
early day. Even under present management, 
pear culture was the moat lucrative business 
which could be followed. Many persons, when 
the blight, attacked thetr trees, abandoned them 
altogether, and did not attempt to remove the 
blighted portions of the tree. A fruit grower 
should watch his trees, and on the first symptom 
of blight lop oil' the affected parts, and if neces¬ 
sary, uproot the tree altogether, supplying its 
pliuie with another. Those who neglected their 
orchada had no right to call themselves fruit 
growers. Pears need not command more than 
one-fourth their present price in order to be a 
profitable crop. He hod this season sold winter 
pears for $30 per barrel, and got his pay for 
them. 
Mr. Chapin asked whether the pear blight was 
less frequent under high culture. 
Mr. Barry said he thought moderate culture 
was best, uot attempting to stimulate growth by 
heavy manuring. 
Mr. Townsend of Lockport, said that un ex¬ 
cessive growth of the tree, was always followed 
within two or three years by blight. 
Mr. Brooks of Wyoming, &aid he thought it 
was largely a question of climate and soil, fie 
would not advise any one to go into the busi- 
of construction, which of itself is to contain 
24,000 gallons.” 
Another statement in circulation is to the 
effect that a joint stock company, with a capital 
of a quarter of a million of dollars, bos been 
formed in Wheeling, West Virginia, for the pur¬ 
pose of entering largely into the grape-growing 
business. “ The lund to he worked is on the 
Ohio side ot the river, near Martinsville, and 50 
acres of it are already under cultivation. It is 
designed to increase the size of the working lund 
to 115 acres.”— Ex. 
FRUIT GROWERS' ASSOCIATION OF 
WESTERN NEW YORK. 
The Annual Meeting of this Association 
was held in this city in Corinthian Hall on 
the 25th and 28th of January, Mr. Patrick 
Barky, the President, in the Chair. Arrange¬ 
ments were made for holding the meeting in 
Corinthian Hall, because an unusual number of 
gentlemen were expected to be present, and the 
accommodations of the Supreme Court Room, 
where the meetings were usually held, were 
insufficient. 
The show of fruits was inferior. The variety 
was small, and the specimens few, comparatively. 
Ellwanger & Barry showed 36 varieties of 
winter pears, most of them very fine. 
Marshal P. Wilder of Dorchester, Mass., six 
varieties of winter pears. 
Benjamin Fish, Gates, 19 varieties of apples. 
E. C. Frost, Highland Nurseries, Sohnyler Co., 
“ King of Tompkins Co.” apples. 
A. Erickson, Rochester, 3 specimens seedling 
apples. 
H. N. Langworthy, Greece, 3 varieties apples, 
20 ok. Pippins, Northern Spy, and King of 
Tompkins. 
Mammoth Northern Spy apples, by Joseph 
Harris. 
Apples from the Cleveland Fruit House, 
among them summer apples perfectly sound 
and hard. Also, a plate of Catawba grapes. 
Eleven varieties, of pears, from H. E. Hooker. 
‘•Isabella grapes, very fine, from Jonathan 
Smith, Le Roy. 
Six varieties of apples, by J. M. Southwick. 
Grapes by J. Gregg, Hnmmondsport, J. Law 
renec, do., 8. B. Fairchild, do., J. A. Cramm, do., 
J. W. Clark, Naples, H. G. Warner and M. G. 
Warner, Rochester. 
On calling the meeting to order, Mr. Barry 
made a short address, hi the eonrse of which he 
referred to the presence of several distinguished 
gentlemen, among whom was the Hon. Marshal 
P. Wilder of Massachusetts, President of the 
American Pomological Society, and the father of 
American Pomology. Mr. Barry referred ap¬ 
propriately to the death, since the last meeting, 
of Joseph Frost, an honored member of the 
Association. 
Messrs. H. N. Langworthy and D. M. Dewey 
were appointed to prepare resolutions on the 
death of Mr. Frost. 
A Committee was appointed to report the 
order of business for the session. 
The following gentlemen were chosen officers 
for the ensuing year : 
President— H. E, IIook an, Rochester. 
Vi/z Pr*HdmU—) P. Barry, Rochester: T. G. Yeo¬ 
mans. Walworthj Wayne county; D. W. Beadle, St. 
1 n t 1 1 ii pi ii.iu I ’ 11 
MINCED BEEF, 
The following method produces a very con¬ 
venient, nutritious, and digestible preparation of 
meat, good for any meal, and especially for the 
supper table, when any kind of meat is deBircd 
at that meal. We published somewhat similar 
directions for preparing “minced veal” in a 
former volume of the Agriculturist (I860,) but 
later experience, with a little change in the in¬ 
gredients, shows the method still better for beef: 
Take say 3}^ lbs. of Uan beef, without tendons 
—the cross-rib piece Is very good for this, but 
any lean part will do. Before cooking, chop it 
very lino—a Hale’s meat cutter will do it quickly. 
Mix with It,0 soda crackers, rolled fine; 3 well 
beaten eggs; tablespoonsful of salt; a tea¬ 
spoonful or less of ground pepper; 1 small nut¬ 
meg grated; 4 tablospoonslul of cream (or milk;) 
and if the meat Is free from fat, add butter the 
size of an egg or so. Mix all thoroughly; make 
into a loaf, and bake well in a dripping pan 
to 2 hours, basting as with other roast meats. 
It will keep for a week or two at least.— Amei'ican 
Agriculturist. 
ITEMS FOR HOUSEKEEPERS, 
Do everything at the proper time. 
Keep everything in its proper place. 
Always mend clothes before washing them. 
Alum or vinegar ia good to set colors, red, 
green, or yellow. 
If you are fraying a carpet for durability, 
choose small figures. 
A bit of glue dissolved in skim-milk and water 
will restore old crape. 
Scotch snuff put in the holes where crickets 
run will destroy them. 
Salsoda will bleach; one spoonful is enough 
for one kettle of clothes. 
A hot shovel held over varnished furniture 
will take out white spots. 
A bit of soap rubbed on the hinges of doors 
will prevent their creaking. 
Green Hhould be the prevailing color for bed 
hangings and window drapery. 
Wood ushes and common salt, wet with water 
will stop the cracks of a stove, and prevent 
smoke escaping.— Ex. 
Our engraving shows a cluster of bunches, 
and the drawing was taken from a branch 
exactly as grown, showing jta productiveness. 
If a little pains is taken in pruning, by cutting 
out the old wood, the bunches will grow much 
longer, and the berries larger. Tiffs and the 
Cherry Currant muy he grown with great profit 
for market near large cities, where the Currant 
Moth is not troublesome. 
ness very extensively without first testing it on 
a small scale, to see whether his soil was fitted 
for it. 
Colonel Klinck said he had three acres, half 
of which had high cultivation, while the other 
half which had no cultivation, boro more fruit,and 
was not troubled with blight. They were dwarf 
trees, and as good as Rochester nurseries could 
furnish. 
Mr. J. Fisher of Batavia, thought if any one 
went into the business extensively, with the pur¬ 
pose of making profit out of them, he would be 
very cgrcgiously mistaken. He had planted 
three hundred trees, and given them the best cul¬ 
ture, but he had entirely failed. His Virgalieus 
had universally failed. From thirty trees he had 
last year he had not raised a single pear worth 
eating. The Duchess de Angouleme had done 
very little better. The Seckel had escaped the 
blight; but the tree was a Blow grower and the 
fruit blighted. His experience was most dis¬ 
couraging; nevertheless he advised every man 
to plant some pears for his own use, but not to 
expect any profit from them. 
Mr. Burtis thought very much depended on 
the manner of planting the trees. They should 
be planted with a bed of clay fully six inches 
deep under each one. If the trees were planted 
on light or sandy boII, they would almost cer¬ 
tainly be destroyed. 
Dr. Sylvester spoke in favor of the Seckel. 
He had planted forty trees, and they had done 
well, last year yielding eleven barrels. These 
were standard trees. He had also about two 
hundred trees on quince stock, all doing well. 
Levi A. Ward of Rochester, said he was not 
a large cultivator of pears. He cultivated about 
one hundred pear trees, and had done so for 
about twenty years, lie had not compared one 
year with unj^ther in regard to the blight, but 
on the average the loss was about five per cent. 
He hud been amply repaid for his culture of the 
pear. He thought of the Duchess pear there 
would be an overplus in a few years, if pear 
culture succeeded as he trusted it would. The 
Winter pears were too much neglected. He 
raised always large crops of the Louise Bonne 
de Jersey—from one to one and a half bushels 
to the tree. 
W. Brown Smith of Syracuse, thought great 
mistakes were made in the selection of soil for 
pear orchards. He knew pears to do well in 
clay soil. He did not believe in manuring too 
high. Wheat land was good enough for pears. 
Mr. Wilder said everything depended on the 
selection of the right kind of soil and location. 
In the vicinity of Boston no difficulty was found 
in cultivating the pear, notwithstanding the 
poorness of the soil compared with youre. The 
beet success he had observed in pear raising was 
in clay soil. [To be continued.] 
DRY WALKS!AROUND YOUR BUILDINGS, 
Every one at all acquainted with the prairie 
land knows that at certain times it Is muddy, quite 
so, but It’D* in the power of almost every farmer 
to so far remedy the”ineonvenionce as to make 
the paths about the farm buildings comfortable 
to walk in, at least. 
Gravel can be had]in many places, which of 
course makes the most durable walk, but when 
it docs not abound a very good substitute can be 
made oi tlie]bit.s of old boards that arc usually 
lying about in the way,— anything eighteen 
inches [or more] long will answer. Take two 
pieces of two by four scantling, or in lieu of 
them two straight rails, and nail the boards on, 
ladder fashion, making them even at one end,- 
Btrike a]line and saw the other ends off even. 
This is movable, and enough of them should be 
made placed end to end to lead to all the princi¬ 
pal farm buildings, to the well, dee. It saves 
time and vexation both in-doors and out, and is 
a much better ubo for the old lumber than to 
make kindling wood of it. a. w. a. 
Cortland, Hl.,]1865. 
was not cultivated In hi* section ; farmers 
objected to it as a noxious plant. The fruit was 
excellent for preserves. The plant takes root 
easily and thrives with little or no care. 
afternoon sesbion. 
The new President, Mr. H. E. Hooker, w«s 
introduced. Mr. Hooker thanked the Associa¬ 
tion for the honor done him. His first knowl¬ 
edge of it was communicated in the street. 
It had heen bis hope that Mr. Barry would be 
retained in the position. That gcntlewun was 
eminently qualified to fill it., both by experience 
and ability. Nevertheless he (Mr. Hooker) 
would accept the place to which he had been so 
unexpectedly elevated, and would endeavor to 
do his duty in it. in conclusion he came down 
to business, and called for reports from Com¬ 
mittees, or the presentation of other matter for 
discussion. 
The Committee to prepare the order of busi¬ 
ness reported the following subjects of discus¬ 
sion : 
lBt. Do the past results or profits in Pear growing 
warrant the planting of large orchards ? 
2d. What varieties of Winter Pears are hardy and 
best adapted to cultivation ? 
I. For Amateurs. 
II. For Market- 
3d. What are the best six varieties of Pears for 
orchard planting in Western New York ? 
4th. What arc the best modes of planting fruit 
j trees in different soils 1 
5th. What Is the best treatment for Apple orchards 
after planting, including cultivation and pruning? 
tith. What are the best six varieties of Apples for 
orchard planting in Western New York ? 
7th. Can the Currant Worm be destroyed so that 
j good crops of Currants can be grown? 
f'th. tan healthy and thrifty old Grape Vines, well 
established in good soil, be grafted successfully and 
i profitably, or shonid new vinos be planted ? 
9th. in ;t desirable or safe to embark largely in 
Grape growing? 
10th. What is the best Grape for general cultivation 
in Western New York? 
11 th. Which are the beet varieties of Grapes for 
long keeping, and the best mode of preservation ? 
12th. What early Grapes are long keepers ? 
13th, What are the best methods of keeping, pack- 
L rag and shipping of fruits ? 
t) 1st. Applet?. 2d. Pears. 3d. Peaches. 4th. Grapes, 
p > 5th. Small Fruits ? 
^ The President requested Hon. Marshall P. 
Wilder Ur take a seat on the platform. On 
rf complying, Mr. Wilder addressed the Associa- 
tion briefly. He said that after a long illness it 
gave him great pleasure to meet so many gentle- 
£9 men with whom he had been so long associated 
£ in forwarding the interest* of Pomological Sci- 
cnee. This organization, standing first among 
Important to Cheese and Butter Man¬ 
ufacturers, The Commissioner of Internal 
Revenue decides that, Fanners, as well as others, 
who produce cheese to the annual value of $1,000 
must take license as manufacturers ($70.) This 
ruling will roach a large class of farmars who 
have supposed themselves exempt from license 
duty. It follows that those who manufacture 
butter to the same value ($1,000,) must be sub¬ 
ject to a like license, as the reasoning in support 
of the rule applies as well to the product of 
butter as that of cheese. 
ABOUT CHICK0RY 
CinCKORY]has [been highly recommended by 
Solon Kohihon as a substitute for coffee. It is 
a very good medicine for people who are subject 
to eostlveness, possessing about the saina pro¬ 
perties as the Dandelion. It is dangerous to use 
iu summer when diarrhea is prevalent. The 
ffuvor of pure Java will hang in the minds of 
children [around the old kitchen Cookery, like 
the scent of the rose under mother’s favorite 
window. It is cheaper to raise corn, or potatoes, 
or precious berries, uud buy coffee, ihan to 
poison thd ground with clffckory. For instance, 
last year my friend D. came home one day with 
a huge paper of etffekory seed, thinking to sup¬ 
ply a certain coffee vender with the commodity. 
The roots spangle long, and deep, into the earth; 
when dug out some fibers still remain, to again 
spring up. D.’s labor to eradicate the clffckory 
has heen sufficient, to buy pure coffee for six 
ordinary families, one year, and the end is not 
y<it. Delia Dahlia. 
Prudence Cake. — Take one quart broken 
crusts of bread, with just enough milk to cover 
them, let them stand till soft, beat till perfectly 
smooth and free from lumps. Take three eggs, 
a cup full sour milk or cream, a tcaspoonful sal- 
orutus, one of salt, and Hour enough to form a 
stiff batter; stir well; pour in a buttered pan; 
bake half un hour in a quick oven; serve with 
butter and molasses or honey. This is a good 
breakfast cake. 
Whoofing Coo oh. — The Swedish joarnnls 
published a statement, to the effect that whoop¬ 
ing cough can be cured by inhaling the air from 
the purifying apparatus iu gas works. The prac¬ 
tice of sending children to gas works to inhale 
the gas from newly opened purifiers had been 
adopted in Paris for two years.— Ex. 
EXTENSIVE VINEYARDS, 
Steamed Dumplings.— Two cups sour milk, 
one of cream, teaspoon soda, thoroughly dis¬ 
solved; turn into Hour and mix as you would 
biscuit; roll out and spread on whatever fruit 
you wiBh, then roll it together and put in a cloth 
and steam one hour. Serve with sweetened 
cream.— Ex. 
For a Cough.—R oast a liirgc lemon very care¬ 
fully without burning; when it is thoroughly 
hot, ent and squeeze it into a etip upon three 
ounces of sugar candy, finely powdered; take a 
spoonful whenever your cough troubles you. 
It is as good as it is pleasant.— Ex. 
The interest now awakened in vineyard cul¬ 
ture on this side the Atlantic, is illustrated in 
one or two paragraphs from our last week’s ex¬ 
changes. One of these state* that a company 
at Cookeville, Canada West, have now about 
forty acres under the grape, and expect to extend 
the area largely -mother season. They arc* just 
constructing a wine cellar, having “ thirty-four 
arched recesses, in two tiers, each recess to con¬ 
tain a hogshead of 1,000 gallons capacity. Theso 
thirty-four hogsheads, it is said, will bo filled 
with the production of this season’s fruit. We 
understand that another hogshead is in course 
While American farmers arc trying all sorts 
of bushes and shrubs for live fences, English far¬ 
mers are rooting them out as cumberers of the 
ground. 
