•iasi 
RAILWAY EPITAPHS, 
pigs, one day made a mistake and took his pigs 
into the wrong Held. After a time tils master,, 
as usual on Ills rounds, went into the Held, and 
began to swear badly at the little boy for taking 
bis pigs into the wrong field, and sitting on bis 
horse, waa about to (log him with hia whip j 
when the poor lad, looking steadily at hia mas¬ 
ter, said, '‘Pray, sir, do not swear at me so; I 
will do anything you wish me, but do uot swear 
bo, for I cannot bear it!” The simplicity in 
which the words were spoken so struck the 
master that he saw hia sin, and from that time 
left off swearing. When he came homo ho called 
the childrou, and told them that if he ever heard 
any one of them use bad words he would severely 
punish them, l-'rom that day the wife was 
cheerful and happy, os her husband no longer 
used profane lauguago, but always returned 
home with, smiles and kind words. To mark 
her estimation of tlio good boy’a.conduct, she 
gave him a new suit of clothes. 
Boys, beware of auger nud Improper words. 
Take care of your lips and of your temper. 
Even rude words are displeasing to God.— Ex. 
Java— known as the Poison Valley—which is the 
most remarkable natural example of an atmos¬ 
phere overcharged with this gas. This valley Is 
about a mile in circumference, and the whole 
covered with skeletons of human beings and 
animals of various kinds. Among the experi¬ 
ments tried, a dog was fastened to the end of a 
bamboo, eighteen feet long, and sent in; in 
fourteen seconds he fell on his back, and ceased 
breathing in eighteen minutes. Another dog 
walked np to the side of his dead companion 
aud died in seventeen minutes. Fowls were 
killed by it In a minute and a half. 
A writer suggests in the New York Sunday 
Times that every railroad should be provided 
with its private grave-yard, where its victims 
might be interred at. the company’s expense —a 
simple act of justice to surviving relatives. Ap¬ 
propriate epitaphs could be placed over the re¬ 
mains of the sufferers from each accident, stating 
that nobody Was to blame, etc., as the following 
for instance: » 
cow ox TRACK. 
A bovine wait from the adjoining field 
The track invaded, and my fate she sealed; 
By the coweather caught, she flew sky-high. 
And so, dear frleuds, I hope at last shall I. 
MISPLACED SWITCH. 
A son of Erin, to the duty new. 
Aud slightly tipsy, the wrong [overdrew. 
Thirty were killed, aud hero, la sweet repose, 
They wait till Gabriel’s waruiug-whistle blows, 
The Sinashtowu Railroad Company with a sigh 
Records their fate —but ah 1 we all must die ; 
And as life’s tracks all end in Death's abode, 
Much those escape who take tin* shortest road, 
orux PRAWJHBDGE. 
“ Drawbridge shut!" the signal said. 
'Twasn'tshut. Abut liow solemn! 
Such is life! Sec list of dead 
On the other side of this column. 
VOICES-WHAT THEY INDICATE 
For Moore’s Rural New-Yorker. i 
HOW TO BECOME WEATHER-WISE. i 
Carry in your jacket pocket a little blank 
book, in which record dally observations; thus : 
In the morning note down the appearance 
of the heavens, whether clear or cloudy. It 
cloudy, state how large a proportion, as 1-lOth, 
2-lOths, 8-lOths, lO-lOths, or overcast. Give the 
kind of clouds and their general characteristics, 
as nimbus, dark or light, dense or thin, high or 
low; eutnulous, dense, having smooth, rounded 
outlines, (indicative of thunderorrain,) or loose 
with fringed or fleecy edges: am m, pointing up 
or down, or recurved (indicating respectively an 
increase of density In the atmosphere, decrease 
of density and a change of wind,) &c. Note 
also the direction and force of the wind, as —1, 
the gentle breeze, just sufficient to stir the leaves; 
2, a light wind; 3, brisk wind; 4, a strong wind, 
and 5, a gale. Record the appearance of the 
rising and setting sun — whether red, yellow or 
grey; the occurrence of frosts, fog or dew, 
light or heavy. Also the temperature, whether 
hot, warm, cool, cold or very cold, freezing or 
thawing. Observe and note the characteristics 
of all storms and the length of duration. In 
addition to all items pertaining to the weather 
proper, make a note of any natural or unnatural 
and unaccountable phenomenon which may 
attract your notice, such <us the following:—The 
looing of cattle, lauguor or excitability of domes¬ 
tic animals, hair rough or smooth ; cattle lick¬ 
ing each other or their own bodies ; the spark¬ 
ling of the cat’s fur; the howling of dogs at 
night; the falling of old stubs in still weather; 
spider webs upon the grass, few or many; curl¬ 
ing or expanding of leaves; northern lights; 
the aching of your bones, or corns on your feet; 
difficulty of breathing; languor, depression of 
spirits, Irritability or exuberance of feeling; 
appearance of the stars, bright or dim, the sky 
blue or dusky; circles about the sun and moon, 
large or small, colored or uncolored; sun-dogs ; 
smoke from the chimney, rising or falling; dis¬ 
tinctness of distant sounds and the direction 
whence they proceed; whether the wind for sev¬ 
eral days past has been frequently subsiding, or 
increasing in velocity, iSc., Ac., Ac. 
Make your observations and entries twice a 
day, In the morning and at night; and in sum¬ 
mer, at noon also. Under each entry, from the 
premises already obtained, make a prediction of 
the weather; if in the morning, for the day; if 
at night, for the morning of the day following. 
Upon the second page of your book, and oppo¬ 
site to the morning entry, describe the actual 
condition of the weather for the day; and oppo¬ 
site to the evening entry, the state of the weather 
on the following morning, or daring the previous 
night. Continue your observations and predic¬ 
tions without intermission for a whole year; 
then — and as much oftener as you choose —re¬ 
view your work, arrange, classllly and transcribe 
into two parallel columns, the final result; thus 
— in one column put all changes from fair to 
foul and vice versa, and any other remarkable 
appearance of the weather. In the other col¬ 
umn give the conditions or antecedents to each 
change, Ac., respectively, as found in the left- 
hand pages of your book. Then carefully study 
the result, and see if there be any connection 
between the antecedents and the consequents, 
invariable, or sufficiently frequent to warrant 
you In regarding any of those antecedents *as 
indicators or signs of like changes which may 
occur in future. 
Such observations and predictions, persevered 
in for a number of years, will tend not only to 
cultivate in you the habit of observation, and 
to improve your Judgment, but they will also 
furnish yott many correct data upon which to 
base your prognostications of the weather. That 
the weather is governed by natural laws there 
can be no doubt, and if we can find out ILoae 
laws, or the causes of changes of weather, or 
detect, in natural objects, any effects which 
depend upon hidden causes, these will be to us 
as the Shadows which the “ coming events cast 
before,” enabling us to catch occasional glimpses 
of the meteorologie future, and to see what kind 
of weather is approaching, and so to arrange 
our business accordingly. 
“ Weather tables,” almanac predictions, and 
the changes of the moon, are not to be depended 
on, and old womens’ signs need to be tested 
before they can be trusted. A few instruments, 
as the barometer and the hygrometer, may be of 
service to you, but they should not be relied on, 
however, as they are not always trustworthy; 
besides, it is better to obtain your knowledge of 
Nature’s laws, from Nature itself, which is always 
at hand and in sight, rather than upon any 
instrument which cannot be consulted, perhaps, 
bat once or twice a day. I would urge upon 
every young man who intends to become a 
farmer to commence and to persevere In a course 
of observations upon the weather, fully believ¬ 
ing that the advantages which will accrue to 
him thereby, will compensate him for all the 
labor and trouble it may cost. p. 
There arc light, quick, surface voices that in¬ 
voluntarily seem to utter the slang, “I won’t 
do to tie to.” The man’s words may assure you 
of his strength of purpose aud reliability, yet 
bis tone contradicts his speech. 
Then there are low, deep, strong voices, where 
the words seem ground out, as if the man owed 
humanity u grudge aud meant to pay it some 
day. That man’s opponents may well tremble, 
and his friends may trust his strength of pur¬ 
pose aud ability to act. 
There is the coarse, boisterous, dictatorial 
tone, invariably adopted by vulgar persous, who 
have uot sufficient cultivation to understand 
their own insiguitieauco. 
There is the Incredulous tone that is lull of a 
covert sneer, or a secret ” You-cau’t-dupe-me- 
sir,” intonation. 
Thun there is the whining, beseeching voice, 
that says ” sycophant” as plainly as if it uttered 
the word. It cajoles aud flatters you; its words 
say “ I love you — I admire you; you are every¬ 
thing you should be.” 
Then there is the tender, musical, compassion¬ 
ate voice, that sometimes goes with sharp fea¬ 
tures (as they indicate merely intensity of feel¬ 
ing) and sometimes with blunt features but 
always with genuine benevolence. 
If you are full of affectation and pretense, your 
voice proclaims it. 
If you are full of honesty, strength and pur¬ 
pose, your voice proclaims it. 
If you are cold and calm and firm and consist¬ 
ent, or tickle and foolish aud deeeptious, your 
voice will be equally truth-telling. 
You cannot wear a mask without its being 
known that you hi’Q wearing one. 
You cannot change your voice from a natural 
to an unnatural tone without its being known 
that you are doing so .—Agnes Leonard. 
BEWARE OF A PREVALENT »VICE 
Bovs, if by a few earnest, heartfelt words you 
may be induced to keep clear of a vice now fear¬ 
fully prevalent in this country, It will bo worth 
more to you than a large sum of money. We 
refer to the use of profane language. It is 
almost the only sin that has neither excuse, 
pleasure nor profit. Alike offensive to God and 
good men, it murks a vitiated taste, a want of 
refinement and a disregard both of virtue and 
the feelings of others. Instead of relieving the 
passion, as some declare, it only strengthens it 
by giving it expression. If It be urged that it is 
a habit difficult to be broken, this is confession 
that disregard of right lifts become a settled part 
of the character. No boy old enough to know 
the meaning of words utters his first oath with¬ 
out a shudder; and it by repetition, ho is able to 
swear without, compunction, it is uot that the 
siu is less, but because fits own sense of right, 
has been blunted; the crime and its penalties 
are the same. But the habit eaa be subdued. 
Scarcely a boy or man will use profanity in the 
presence of his mother; then, if he will, he can 
restrain it at other times. Let every boy respect 
himself too much to yield to his habit, but re¬ 
buke profanity whenever heard, by expressive 
silence and a good example, if not by words. 
Fig. 1. 
Carbonic acid is one-half heavier than common 
air, and can therefore be poured from one vessel 
into another like a liquid, ( fig. 1,) and will remain 
sometime at the bottom of the 
glass without mixing with the 
atmosphere above it. The ac- 
rsfif cumulation of this gas may be 
\ ■SPij exhibited by introducing two 
i j] lighted tapers as seen in fig. 2, 
i iHHV the lower one, surrounded by 
W1 ** S° ou *> w hU« the upper 
ouc, still in contact with com- 
mon ^r, will continue to burn. 
—When carbonic acid is poured 
through lime water, (water pour- 
Fig. 2, cd upon slaked lime, and when 
settled the clear portion removed,) it makes it 
A REMARKABLE REGION, 
An expedition against the Powder River (Ore¬ 
gon) ludiaus passed through a very remarkable 
tract of country, which is described by Mr. L. 
Bennett, engineer. Rising from the plain, some¬ 
times to the altitude of five hundred feet, were 
masses of hard clay in the form of pyramids or 
ruined temples, crowned with spires and mina¬ 
rets, and worn by the winds into a variety ot fan¬ 
tastic shapes. Often these huge masses of clayey 
rock were standing in the midst of the plain isola¬ 
ted and alone. At other times they stretched away 
in long ranges of bare hillB. Veins of trap rock 
traverse these hills, while on the plain uround 
thorn are scattered iron, quartz, scoriai, and 
various crysiallzed and igneous rocks, indica¬ 
ting the action of heat. On their summits and 
around their base are found fragments and some¬ 
times almost perfect fossils of mariuo and other 
animals, the most common of which were tur¬ 
tles. Many of these seen by Mr. Bennett were 
three feet across, and one that measured seven 
feet across the shell. < 
Other parties reported seeing one that meas¬ 
ured sixteen feet across. These have generally 
fallen down from the cliffs, and arc moro or less 
mutilated, but enough remains to show the out¬ 
lines and determine the size of these monsters 
of a former age. Mastodon bones aud enor¬ 
mous teeth are common. Among the petrifac¬ 
tions of a more recent period was a wolf, nearly 
entire. 
On the ridges separating the Elk, Bear, Minni- 
wak, Si and Bear Butte Creeks were found large 
masses of fossil fish and other marine animals, 
some of a huge size. Often the hills seemed 
entirely composed of these remains. Exposure 
to the air and storms have broken them irto 
fragments, yet the outlines of turtles, shell fish 
aud orthescra could be distinctly traced. The 
region presents indications both of volcanic 
I action and of a deluge. 
Nothing can be very ill with us when all is 
well within; we are uot hurl till our souls are 
hurt. If the soul itself be out of tunc, outward 
things will do us uo moro good than a fair shoo 
to a gouty foot. 
Nothing seems to make the earth so spacious 
as to have friends at a distance; they make the 
latitudes and longitudes. 
Fig. 3. 
milky, (tig. 3,) forming with the dissolved lime 
an insoluble white powder which, because it 
contains carbonic acid, is called carbonate of 
lime, and is the same a« chalk. 
As water readily takes up tills gas, it may bo 
made by pressure, to absorb a large quantity of 
It. Thus is prepared soda water, which, in gen¬ 
eral, cohsistB only of water abundantly Im¬ 
pregnated with carbonic acid by pressure and 
agitation. Many of our mineral springs are 
highly impregnated with it. 
The connection between carbonic acid gas and 
vegetation is exceedingly intimate. Johnson 
says : — “ Every green leaf that waves on field 
or tree, sucks in, during the sunshine, this gas 
from the air. It is as indispensable to the life of 
the plant os oxygen is to the life of an animal. 
Remove carbonic acid from the air and all vege¬ 
table growth would cease. It must, therefore, be 
a necessary constituent of the atmosphereof our 
earth. In order that growing plants may be 
able to obtain a sufficiently large and rapid sup¬ 
ply of carbonic acid from a gaseous mixture 
which contains so little, (at ordinary elevatious 
there arc about two gallons to every five thou¬ 
sand of air,) they arc made to hang out their 
many waving leaves into the atmosphere. Over 
the surface of these leaves are sprinkled count- 
loss pores or mouths, which are continually 
employed in separating and drinking In carbonic 
acid gas. The millions of leaves which a single 
tree spreads out, aud the constant renewal of the 
moving air in which they are suspended, enables 
the Hving plant to draw an abundant supply for 
all its wants from an atmosphere already adjusted 
to the constitution of living animals. A com¬ 
mon lilac tree, with a million of leaves, has 
about four hundred thousand millions of pores 
or mouths at work, suckiug la carbonic acid; 
and on a single oak tree, as many os seven mil¬ 
lions ol leaves have been counted.” 
To prepare this gas for experiment, take chalk 
or marble and deposit it in small fragments in 
diluted sulphuric or muriatic acid. Vinegar, or 
almost any other acid, may be used. 
FOR BOYS AND GIRLS 
A New Child’s Paper. —Wc have received 
two copies of “ The Little Corjwral ,” a monthly 
paper for children, the publication of which has 
been commenced at Chicago, Illinois, by Al¬ 
fred L. Sewell. Judging from these speci¬ 
mens, it is the cleverest thing of its kind yet 
realized In America. Its whole appearance is in 
capital taste, and there Is evidence In it that its 
editor turn taet in catering for the wants of the 
little ones. —Hoxbury (Mass.) Journal. 
The subscription price is $1 a year. Specimen 
copies ten cents. 
For Moore’s Rural New-Yorker, 
MISCELLANEOUS ENIGMA. 
THE WOUNDED STAG’S COMPLAINT 
I am composed of 80 lettera. 
My 3, 9,13 is found la the earth. 
My 1,10, 2, 0,19 is an animal. 
My 4, 10,15 Is a streuk of light. 
My 11, 8, 20, 5 1 b to cutice away. 
My 1, 8,0, 18 is a sweet smelling substance. 
My 1, 8, 12 is to flee away. 
My 11, 4,13,13 iH a bird. 
My 17, 8,1 1 b a drink. 
My whole may be found in thousands of households. 
Columbia, Pa. Jab. B. Stewart. 
Answer in two weeks. 
On, why does man our race pursue 
From early morn till night ? 
Why roam the mountain forest through, 
To chase us In our flight? 
Why from his unrelenting hand 
Flies the sharp, swift-winged dart ? 
Why speeds it at bis stern command, 
To pierce the red deer’s heart? 
We ne’er have robbed him of his right— 
Why, why is man our foe? 
Why does it yield him such delight 
To see our lifo-blood flow ? 
Our mission In the wild-wood hero 
Das naught of angry strife; 
Though oft provoked, the humble deer 
E’er seeks a peaceful life. 
Why then does mail our race pursue 
From early morn tiff night? 
Why roam the mountain forest through, 
To chase us in our flight? 
Have mercy, ye who can so well 
This noble grace employ; 
’Twere better, e’en in this rude dell, 
To save than to destroy. 
It is not for myself I sigh — 
Alas 1 that sigh were vain; 
For, tired and faint, I Boon must lie, 
And never rise again. 
But ere my life quite ebbs away 
In death's cold, stern embrace, 
For those unharmed and free I pray— 
Oh, spare my injured race! 
Youth's Cabinet , 
CAUSES OF SUDDEN DEATHS, 
Very few of the sudden deaths which are said 
to arise from diseaaea of the heart do really 
arise from that cause. To ascertain the real 
origin of sudden death, an experiment has been 
tried in Europe, and reported to a Scientific 
Congress held at Strasbourg. Sixty-six cases of 
sudden deaths were made the subject of a thor¬ 
ough post-mortem examination; in these cases 
only two were found who died of disease of the 
heart. Nine out of the sixty-six had died from 
apoplexy, while there were forty-six cases of 
congestion of the lungs — tbut Is, the lungB 
were so full of blood they could not work, 
there not being room enough for a sufficient 
quantity of air to enter to support life. The 
causes that produce congestion of tho lungs are 
cold feet, tight clothing, costive bowels, sitting 
still until chilled after being warmed with labor 
or a rapid walk, going too suddenly from 
a close, heated room, into the cold air, espe¬ 
cially alter speaking, and sudden, depressing 
news operating on the blood. These causes of 
sudden death being known, an avoidance of 
them may serve to lengthen many valuable lives, 
which would otherwise be lost under the verdict 
of heart complaint. The disease is supposed to 
be inevitable, hence many may not take the plan 
they ought to avoid sudden death if they knew 
it lay in their power. 
For Moore’s Rural New-Yorker, 
AN ANAGRAM. 
Eude hty tefc, ho, aewirde dwanerer, 
Avtrligne wdou foil’s ghanclofe lavel 
Ridg thwi enstrgth tyh mcrtgiulb pfoottsse 
Ltcs til nail hyt rouegea lifa; 
Vuco own hpperas yeth luftur. 
No hot kirbu to thead'a clod vewa, 
Dan oth rigbtb nud pohod-rof rowroiu, 
Gsiubr hete utb a weu-daem varge. 
LawrencevllJe, Pa. Emma Herrick, 
830?“ Answer In two woek«. 
SCIENTIFIC ITEMS 
Near Potsdam, in Prussia, gunpowder is manu¬ 
factured from wood, ou something like the gun- 
eottou principle. 
PnoTOc.Ripns are uow taken in Europe by a 
new process, declared a valuable discovery in art. 
The pictures arc called Worthlytypes. 
The manufacture of silk was more than one 
thousand years in traveling into England from 
the shores of the Bosphorus. It. had been prac¬ 
ticed four years in Italy before it crossed the 
Alps, 
A cylinder of 100 inches iu diameter — the 
largest ever cast at the navy yard iu Washington 
—was successfully made recently. The amount 
of metal used was 58,000 pounds; time of 
running into the mould, three minutes and a 
quarter. 
The momentum of an ancient battering ram 
of 180 feet in length, 28 inches in diameter, 
armed with a head of Iron weighing a tun and a 
half, and moved by the united strength of .one 
hundred men, was equal to the momentum of a 
36-pouud shot discharged point blank. 
For Moore’s Rural New-Yorker. 
A RIDDLE. 
In times of old the Scriptures do record 
Of one that never did displease the Lord; 
IIo never sinned, the truth lue ever spffke, 
Yet of heaven’B joys he never can partake, 
East Delhi, N. Y. o. w. 
Auswer in two weeks. 
ANSWERS TO ENIGMAS, &c„ IN No. 83' 
A FACT FOR LITTLE BOYS, 
Answer to Illustrated Rebus;—Uniou cannons, in 
thunder-tones, convinced rebels that treason would 
be punished and the Union maintained at all hazards. 
Answer to Miscellaneous Enigma:-Duty before 
pleasure. 
Answer to Puzzle: 
26 13 7 30 17 19 
13 23 32 5 22 10 
9 29 30 31 4 2 
28 8 0 1 83 35 
20 18 27 10 11 25 
15 21 3 34 24 14 
Answer to Charade:—Woman. 
In one of the agricultural counties of this 
country a very rich geutleman lived, aud 
occupied a mansion, with all, or nearly all, 
the land in the parish. But he bad one very 
bad fault —he was very passionate, aud when 
riding about his farm, If he saw anything con¬ 
trary ta his wish, ho would swear very badly, 
so that his wife was very unhappy, and used to 
tremble when he came home, lest he should be 
in a passiou. After harvest, a poor little boy, 
who used to go out iu the field attending the 
Fame ! — Some very humble persons in a town 
may be said to possess it—as the penny post, the 
town crier, the constable —and they are known 
to everybody; while many richer, more intel¬ 
lectual, worthier persons are uukuown by the 
majority of tliclr fellow citizens. Something 
analogous in the world at Urge. 
It is not what we eat, but what we digest, that 
makes us fat. 
no A 
lC 
ID, C 
is a < 
i\ iu 
to 
a 
mpo 
varie 
one 
Cl 
quivi 
ts 
of 0 
