,, -j -ySe 
mw&m 
look up to with respect. Such words to him are 
like the electric shock, causing the whole frame 
to quiver. But words of kindness and sympa¬ 
thy will make him a captive at. will. 
There is nothing more pleasing to a child than 
to be noticed with kindness by liis superiors. 
This the child has a right to expect from his 
teacher—the one under whose inlluonce he is 
the greater part of the day, and much of whose 
character will •nter Into and form a part of the 
character of the child. 
Wc well remember the surprise we felt some 
years since, when hearing the language quoted 
above from a teacher with whom we had been 
on terms of friendship; it lessened our estimate 
of his character, and we could no longer esteem 
one who was addicted to such a habit —Rhode 
Island Schoolmaster. 
Written for Moore’s Rural New-Yorker, 
TEACHING TO SPELL, 
BE KIND TO EACH OTHER 
Be kind to each other! 
The night’s coming on, 
When friend and when brother 
Perchance may be gone! 
Then midat onr dejection, 
How sweet to have earned 
The best recollection— 
Of kindness returned! 
When day hath departed, 
And Memory keeps 
Her watQk, broken-hearted, 
Where all she loves sleeps! 
Let falsehood assail not, 
Nor envy disprove— 
Let trifles prevail not 
Against those you love! 
Nor change with to-morrow, 
Sould fortune take wing, 
But the deeper the sorrow 
The closer still ding! 
Oh! be kind to each other! 
The night’s coming on, 
When friend and when brother 
Perchance may be gone! 
Among the various, varied and almost innu¬ 
merable studies in which the intellect of mankind 
has been and probably ever will be engaged, 
Spelling takes its true position at the head; not 
because it is the easiest branch acquired; not 
because most thoroughly understood by every 
one; and yet it is not (in my humble opiuiou) 
because it is taught by tho best method; but 
because it Is first to the learner, the corner Btonc, 
the hook upon which every branch hangs; be¬ 
cause without at least a partial knowledge of it, 
no student is advanced in mathematlces, or phi¬ 
losophy, &c. 
Many teachers have more or lees experience in 
teaching the rudiments of a common school I 
count myself as one of that number; hence, I 
will, by permission of the Rural, give its read¬ 
ers some of my views and limited experience. 
When advanced scholars were called to spell, 
perhaps every word in a hard lesson was cor¬ 
rectly spelled; the more syllables, the more 
promptly, too. All right so far —at the same 
time flattering themselves competent to teach 
Orthography, and this Is well enough, if kept in 
the right channel—if its tendency be to nerve up 
the student to a more earnest and faithful study 
of it, and give greater diligence for the accom¬ 
plishment of the intended acquirement. But, 
remember that a life of learning U not. a life of 
laziness and case. When compositions written 
by grammarians and the so-called good spellers, 
were presented for correction, I have been per¬ 
fectly astonished to see such spelling of the mon¬ 
osyllabic words, or perhaps better known as 
“ small ” words, many of which were of Incorrect 
Orthography. Such as wee for we, mutch for 
much, are for air, shure for sure, se or sea for 
see, son for snn, and a multiplicity of words very 
commonly used in writing friendly and busi¬ 
ness letters, essays, &c. Some, or all of these 
devolve upon every sane individtfcil. 
Then it 1 b the duty of, and should he obliga¬ 
tory upon, every student to acquire. If possible, 
a thorough knowledge of Orthography and bring 
it to a noble and practical use. How is this to 
be accomplished? By the common method of 
teaching? No. Such a method comes far short 
of the desired end. Such a method soars above 
the “simple ” words and teaches the “honored” 
ones only, over in the back part of the spelling 
book, and most of those words are seldom If 
ever used by the common scholar. Then what 
benefit is it to him or her, if his or her’mind can 
contain genii and giants sixty faet high, If he or 
she use, when writing, words of which the writer 
knows no meaning and does not understand. It 
is nonsense to think of it, and worse to use them. 
Reader, were I to use, in these imperfect lines, 
words nearly all of which you and I know no 
definition or meaning, my ignorance would 
surely be exposed and my pomposity humbled. 
Then let the method of teaching the last part 
only, of the spelling book, be done away with, 
and put the scholar at the starting point,twhlch 
is the first part of the spelling book, if used, till 
he knows how to spell a word of two letters, or 
have the scholars Bpell from their readers, which 
is far better. This method teachas the mono¬ 
syllabic and polysyllabic words Inclusive. This 
method teaches when and how to use the “ sim¬ 
ple " words. It tells tho writer how,to spell we, 
much, sure, Ac. To tho student it imparts 
instruction which is indispensable in business. 
Such a method is far superior to the common 
one, because tt is not dull and monotonous, 
but interesting and varied. It is not drowsy 
and irksome, but energetic and high toned. And 
because it is not first seated on the summit then 
falls word after word coming bnmp-e-ty-bump to 
the bottom, but commences at the bottom and 
gradually rises in the intellectual scale of exist¬ 
ence till it reaches the summit ot perfection. 
Teachers, let it be a part of your study to get 
the young mind tn the right channel, then the 
tide will help you in the great and honorable work 
of ntility. (Some contend it Is no honor to teach.) 
Adopt the method of teaching your scholars to 
spell out of their readers, and my word for it, you 
and others will not see such bad spelling in 
business 0 / daily occurrence. 
Knowledge and fame are gained not by surprise, 
Act well your part,, there all the honor lies. 
Look up, look up with hopeful eyes, 
And be not too forlorn, 
The sun that seta to-night will rise 
Again, to-morrow morn. 
Cambridge, Pa. 
THE M ARU CELLI AN A LIBRARY. 
This library ranks third as to size among 
those of Florence, the number of volumes 
reaching nearly ninety thousaud. Francis Mn- 
rucelli, the founder of this collection, was born 
in Florence in 1625, Of an ancient and illustrious 
family. He was educated as a priest of the 
church, but became distinguished for his pat¬ 
ronage of letters and arts, for which ubs wealth 
and his taste gave him opportunities. During 
his life he had collected many thousands of 
volumes, principally with reference to forming 
u collection for the benefit of bis fellow citizens. 
At his death he left his books and his fortune as 
a foundation for the present institution. The 
cost of the large edifice in the Via Lanja for the 
accommodation of the library was defrayed from 
the fund, and the collection continues to be 
increased from a revenue which still exists. 
The library was first opened in 1752. Under 
the present arrangement it is accessible to the 
public only during alternate days of the week. 
The collection is a miscellaneous one, but is 
principally composed of classical Italian litera¬ 
ture. It is rich in engravings and huge illus¬ 
trated works. There arc several hundred 
volumes in this department. It possesses no 
printed catalogue. There are ample accommo¬ 
dations for readers, although the number of 
visitors is usually small. 
FABLES FOR YOUNG FOLKS, 
Ths Young Mouse.— A young monse lived 
in a cupboard where sweetmeats were kept; 
she dined every day upon biscuit, marmalade or 
flue sugar. Never any little mouse had lived bo 
well. She had often ventured to peep at the 
family while they sat at supper; uay, she had 
sometimes stole down on the carpet and picked 
up the crumbs, and nobody had ever hurt her. 
She Would have been quite happy, but that she 
was sometimes frightened by the cat, and then 
she ran trembling to tho hole behind the wain¬ 
scot One day she came running to her mother 
In great joy, “Mother," said she, “the good 
people of this family have built me a house to 
live in; It Is in the cupboard: I am sure It is for 
me, for it is just big enough; the bottom is of 
wood, and it is covered all over with wires; and 
I dare say they have made it on purpose to screen 
mu from that terrible cat which has run after me 
so often: there is an entrance just big enough 
for mo, but puss cannot follow; and they have 
been so good as to put In some toasted cheese, 
which smells so deliciously that T should have 
run in directly and taken possesirton of my new 
house, but I thought I would tell yon first that 
wo might go in together and both lodge there 
for to-night, for it will hold us both.” 
“ My dear child," said the old mouse, “ it is 
most happy that you did not go in, for this 
house is called a trap, and you would never 
have come out again, except to bo devoured or 
put to death in some way or other. Though 
mau has not so fierce a look as a cat, he is as 
much our enemy, and has still more cunning.” 
day last. The obsequies were solemn and a fleeting. 
No pomp or parade, but such a demonstration of 
respect aud homage, us we never before witnessed. 
T!ie large and solemn funeral cortege—tho closed and 
draped public, buildings, stores and shops of the vil¬ 
lage — tlie simple aud sacred ritual at Church and 
Grave-the grief and sadness of relatives and Mends 
—all conspired to render the scene most impressive, 
and one which will long be remembered by die thou¬ 
sands of mournful witnesses. No ordinary man — no 
one not loved and respected by all, in both public and 
privato life, while living —could be thus sincerely 
honored and lamented. Bat James S. Waoswobth 
was a noble, generous and heroic man always and 
everywhere, llow these characteristics were mani¬ 
fested in the management of his large landed prop¬ 
erty, with linmerouH tennnts, is known lo thousands 
of our renders. Ilis generosity and liberality to his 
tenantry have long been proverbial. 
Tub accompanying engraving represents tho 
monument erected at Gencsco, New York, last 
autumn, to the memory of General James a, 
Wadsworth. The monument stands In the 
burial-ground of the Wadsworth family on 
Temple Hill. It Is built of granite, about eight 
feet long and five feet wide at the base, and 
about two feet wide and five feet loug at the top. 
It is about ten feet high, and is surmounted with 
a flagdraped urn made of bronze. Ou the four 
corners are four miuiature cannon. Ou the 
west side of the monument is the inscription in 
bronze letters: 
Brigadier-General James S. Wadsworth, 
Died Mat 8, 1864. 
From a Wound received In the BaMtc-ori|»e Wilderness, 
Aged 66 Years. 
Above this inscription is an emblematic design 
in bronze, composed of a sheaf ot wheat, a clus¬ 
ter of fruit, scythe, sickle, and a reaper’s knife. 
On the east side is another design of a 6word, 
epaulets, and laurel wreath. Under this are the 
names: 
Manassas, Chancellorsville, 
Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, 
The Wilderness. 
Wo had the mournful pleasureof attending the 
funeral of Gen. Wadsworth, on the 21st of 
May, 1864. Never shall we forget the sad and 
Impressive scene presented at the grave — one 
far more complimentary and honorable to the 
deceased than tne most costly statue or lofty 
monument. In the Rural of the week follow¬ 
ing, we thus spoke of the Death and Funeral of 
Gen. Wadsworth : 
The people of Western New York, the State ami 
Nation have cause to mourn, for a true man, hero and 
patriot—a lover of hiB fellow men and country—has 
departed! After weeks of painful suspense it was 
ascertained that Brig. Gen. James 8 . Wadsworth of 
Geneaeo,—who was wounded during one of the earll 
eat of the recent severe battle*, (that of the 6th Inst.) 
—had died at the house of a Virginia famer whom UO 
had befriended, and who cared for the General in hi* 
last momenta, and carefully gave his body sepultnre 
when life was extinct. Hla remains having been 
recovered and removed to his former residence, were 
buried among those of kindred and friends on Katur- 
THE ST. JONATHAN 
A new tomperanco movement of the higher 
order is now in process of being developed, to 
which we think some public attention might be 
directed with profit. It was organized on the 
18th of December last year aa the 8t. Jonathan 
Society, and at present consists of 25 to 30 gen¬ 
tlemen, who are nulled in a social club, having 
total abstinence from all intoxicating drinks as 
the cardinal principle of their union. No one 
is eligible who will not confess to the brother¬ 
hood he seeks to join that he has felt In Ills own 
person, once or oftener, tho evil efl’ecta of occa¬ 
sional excesses; nor can any habitual sot, who 
has muddled away his brains for years in con¬ 
tinuous drinking, be accepted upon any terms. 
The Society aims chiefly to reclaim and save 
from future error, with its inseperable suffer¬ 
ings of mind, body and estate, such unfortu¬ 
nates as are styled “ good fellows”—men of tal¬ 
ent and position in their respective wallas of life, 
who are only tempted into excesses now and 
again, either from mental disquietude or impul¬ 
ses to exhuberant.ly social. Aa to habitual sots, 
it may be questioned whether they are worth 
saving, even were It possible; or whether the 
best thing for men laboring under such unhappy 
conditions, may not be to let them finish them¬ 
selves as fast as they can, and so get done with 
It. The Society has established for its clnb-fees 
$100 on admission, with $50 a year from each 
member. It Is now engaged In securing hand¬ 
some quarters in some accessible part of the 
city; and its leading members propose an annual 
dinner of the St. Jonathan Society, which they 
hope will not be less popular, nor Ices intellect¬ 
ually spirited, than those of the 8t. Patrick, St. 
George, St. Andrew, and other pious but imbib- 
ulating confraternities of that national and so¬ 
cial class. Certainly, if St. Jonathan Is ever to 
become a canonized saint, the recent war should 
have made him one; and If the total abstinence 
movement be ever destined to find any large 
number of avowed converts among the wealth 
ier classes and men of higher station, It must 
be through some Bueh agency as this of the St 
Jonathan, for the ordinary ritual and chapters 
of the Sons of Temperance are both too severe 
aud too public for general acceptance by gentle¬ 
men who have to mingle with and receive so¬ 
ciety. Viruit omnia aqua Is the motto which 
Dr. William W. 8anger, its learned organizer, 
has chosen for the new society; and we shall 
take occasion, in some early number, when mat¬ 
ters have grown a triflle riper, to give full par¬ 
ticulars ot this new and deeply interesting broth¬ 
erhood, with the names of the most prominent 
members, a description of the club-quarters now 
being hunted up for it, and a programme of the 
first annual dinner of the Friendly Sons of St. 
Jonathan, which is to come off 8 omc fine eve¬ 
ning between now and next April. At that din¬ 
ner we shall have a fair and public test whether 
the clear heads, calm nerves and equable pulses 
of total abstinence may not furnish as much 
true eloquence, wit, humor, hilarity and genuine 
inspiration aa are flushed into unhealty life and 
rank profusion under the hot house stimulants 
of Green Seal and Burgundy, in all their tempt¬ 
ing but pernicious forms, at other public ban¬ 
quets .—New York Citizen. 
Tua Wasp and the Bee.— A wasp met a 
bee and said to him, “Pray can you tell me 
what is tho reason that men are so Ill-natured to 
me, while they are bo fond of you ? We are very 
much alike, only that tho broad golden rings 
about my body make me ranch handsomer than 
you are. Wc are both winged insects, we both 
love honey, wo both sting people when we are 
angry; yet men always hate me, and try to kill 
me, though I am much more familiar with them 
than you are, aud jiay them visits in their houses, 
and at tholr tea-tables, and at all their meals; 
while you arc very shy, and hardly ever come 
near them. Yet they build yon curious houses 
thatched with straw, and take care of and feed 
you In the winter often. I wonder what, is the 
reason? " 
The bee said, “Because you never do them 
any good, but, on the contrary, are very trouble¬ 
some and mischievous; therefore, they do not 
like to see yon, but they know that I am busy 
all day long In making Diem honey. You had 
better pay them fewer visits, and try to be 
useful.” 
Gen. W. was chosen President of tho New York State 
Agricultural Society, with one voice, in 18-12, and re¬ 
elected in 1843; and he brought to the duties of tho po¬ 
sition a determination to promote Its Interests and 
secure its permanent establishment, which has never 
been exceoded and rarely equaled. In all its history. 
It was to the utmost regret of his friends that he refused 
to continue etlU longer its presiding officer—a refusal 
dictated not by any weariness of his owu in the task be 
had undertaken, but in the hope that its increased 
prosperity might be secured by carrying tho Presi¬ 
dency in turn to Other parts of the State. In the 
address delivered by him at the Capitol, Jan, 18th, 
1848, he remarked: 
“ Agricultural Improvement here rests upon a foan- 
datl hi on which it never stood before. It is sustained 
by free institution-*; it is the result of laws, wise 
because liberal. Tho eufi-anchlseiuent of the mauy. 
the elrvation of the rmtsite*, must go hand In hand 
with the intelligent. Industrious and prosperous culti¬ 
vation or tho earth. If agriculture owes much to the 
lieiiigu influence Of our uidlllutioua, liberty Owes uot 
less to agriculture.’’ 
His devotion to tho cause of liberty, as well as agri¬ 
culture—to the elevation of the masses and the sup¬ 
port aud vindication of our Institutions, was destined 
twenty years later, to be tried aud proved In a way 
which neither he nor any of us could then anticipate; 
and most nobly and bravely, with all tho zeal and self- 
sacrifice of the tree patriot, he has battled and fallen 
In their behalf. He leaves behind him a memory upon 
which hla descendants and countrymen may look with 
pride, ami which, more than all else, should be cher¬ 
ished and revered by the Farmers of the state. 
INGENIOUS EXPERIMENT 
Place on a sheet of white paper a piece of 
blue silk about four inches in diameter, in the 
sunshine; cover the center of this with a piece 
of yellow silk about three inches in diameter; and 
the center of the pink silk agaiu cover with 
another circle of green silk about one Inch in 
diameter; then cover the center of the green 
silk with a circle of indigo about half an inch in 
diameter, and in the'center of the whole make a 
black dot with a pen. Then look steadily for a 
minute on this central spot, and close your 
hands about an inch distant before them/ and 
you will appear to sec tho most beautiful circle 
of colors that imagination can conceive, which 
are not colors of the silk, but will keep perpet¬ 
ually chaugiug. 
ECCENTRICITIES OF GREAT MEN 
THE GREAT RULE OF CONDUCT 
The greatest men are very often affected by 
the most trivial circumstances, which have no 
apparent connection with the effects they pro¬ 
duce. An Old gentleman, of whom wc knew 
something, felt secure against the cramp when 
he placed his shoe*, on going to bed, so that the 
right shoe was on the left of the left shoe, and 
the toe of the right next to the heel of the left. 
If he did not bring the right shoe round the other 
side, In that way, he was liable to the cramp. 
Dr. Johnson used always, in going up Boltcourt 
to put one foot upon each stone of tho pave¬ 
ment; if he failed, he felt certain the day would 
be unlncky. Bufl’ou, the celebrated naturalist, 
never wrote but in full dress. Dr. Routh of 
Oxford, studied in full canonicals. A celebrated 
preacher of the last century, could never make 
a sermon with his garters on. A great German 
scholar writes with his braces off. Reiseg, the 
German critic, wrote his commentaries on Soph¬ 
ocles with a pot of porter by his side. Scby- 
bel lectures, at the age of seventy-two, extem¬ 
pore in Latin, with his snuff-box constantly in 
his hand; without it he conld not get ou. 
The rule of conduct followed by Lord Ers- 
kiue — a man of sterling independence of prin¬ 
ciple and scrupulous adherence to truth —are 
worthy of being engraven on every young man’s 
heart. “ It was a first command and counsel of 
my earliest youth,” he said, “ always to do 
what my conscience told me to be a duty, and 
leave the consequence to God. I shall carry 
with me the memory, and, I trust, the practice, 
of this parental lesson to the grave. I have 
hitherto followed it, and I have no reason to 
complain that my obedience to it has been a 
temporal sacrificu. I have found It, ou the con¬ 
trary, the road to prosperity and wealth, and I 
shall point out the same to my children for their 
pursuit.” Aud there can be no doubt, after all, 
that the only safe rule of conduct is to follow 
implicitly the guidance of an enlightened con¬ 
science. 
A STORY FOR TEACHERS. 
“ I wish I could go to Willie’s school mother.” 
“ Why, my son; you have a good •school now, 
and you are not advanced enough to enter Wil¬ 
lie’s School.” 
“ I know it, mother, but my teacher Is so cross 
tame! He calls mo a ‘blockhead,’ a ‘young 
rascal,’ and a good many other names; and to- 
flay, when I was luughing at something funny, 
he told me if I did not stop he would fling me 
out of the window,” 
No wonder little Charley was tired of going to 
school to be called by such names; but it is a 
wouder to us that any teacher, who is in the 
habit of using such language to his scholars, 
should be allowed the charge of a school. 
Charley was not a bad boy; he was full of life 
and fun, and at his age — nine years — it was no 
easy matter for him to sit through two long ses¬ 
sions a day and remain perfectly qnlet, especially 
when his quick eye detected some roguery going 
on in the room. 
Hard names from a schoolmate, though un¬ 
pleasant, are entirely different from a teacher, 
or any one to whom the child is accustomed to 
Temporal Blessings.— Wish for them cau¬ 
tiously, ask for them submissively, want them 
contentedly, obtain them honestly, accept them 
humbly, manage them prudently, employ them 
lawfully, impart them liberally, esteem them 
moderately, Increase them virtually, use them 
subserviently, forego them easily, resign them 
willingly. 
FOR BOYS AND GIRLS 
The Oyster.— Open an oyster, retain the li¬ 
quor in the lower or deep shell, and if viewed 
through a microscope, it will be found to con¬ 
tain multitude* of small oysters covered with 
shell, and swimming nimbly about—one hundred 
aud twenty of which extend but one inch. Be¬ 
sides these young oysters the liquor contains a 
variety of animalculae and myriads of worms. 
Sometimes their light resembles a bluish star 
about the center of the shell, which will be 
beautifully luminous in a dark room. 
The Little Corporal, a new juvenile monthly 
commenced la Chicago, III., by Alfred L. Sewell, 
is taking the lead in its line. The papers, both 
East and West, are delighted with it. Read the 
following; 
Certainly, wc have Been nothing in the shape 
of a child’s paper which conld compare with 
this, which cornea to na from over the prairies. 
—Portland [ Maim) Daily Press. 
We cannot say too much in favor of this beauti¬ 
ful paper .—Bryan [O.] Union Press. 
Terms, $1 a year. Sample copies ten cents. 
A Printer is the most curious teing living. 
He may have a bank and coins and not be worth 
a cent; have small caps and neither wife nor 
children. Others may run fast; hi; get* along 
swifter by setting fast. He may bt making im¬ 
pressions without eloquence; ma' 
How small a portion of our lives is that we 
truly enjoy? In youth we are looking forward 
to things that are to come; in old age we look 
backward to things that are past. 
- . , -■»-- use the Ive 
without offending and be telling the truth. He 
can set standing, and do both at the same time ; 
use furniture and yet have no house 
Monet may be called the blood of society. It 
is to sooiety what blood is to a living body. 
