110 
raon 8 d. cnt nails heated red hot will answer.) : 
The batten on the end should be six or eight 
inches back, so as to 1 'orm a lap and room for the 
stakes which cross the lap and hold the fence 
together firmly at the same time. The space 
between the boards where the stakes cross, 
should be at least eight inches to admit stake of 
sufficient Size, and at the Barne time allow the 
foot to He brought within sixteen or eighteen 
inches of the line of the fence. The stakes 
should be sharpened on one side only and so set 
that when well driven they will bind tight across 
the corners of the boards. If the work is prop¬ 
erly done, the fence will stand any ordinal y 
wind. A team will haul on a sled with ease ten 
or fifteen rods, and two hands will take down, 
remove, and set up again eighty to one hundred 
rods in a day with ease. With the assistance of 
a neighbor I nailed together and set up forty 
rods of th}s fence in half a day.” 
jntotfp Ifwstafag. 
EDITED BY H-ENRY S. RANDALL. LL, D. 
LETTER FROM DR. RANDALL 
ON AMERICAN VS. FOREIGN BROADCLOTH WOOLS, 
THEIR PROPER LENGTH, WASHING, AC. 
Washinuton, D. C.. March 23. 
My Dear Moore Last evening I had a long 
and interesting conversation with Horatio N. 
Slater, of the “Slater Woolen Co.,” Webster, 
Mass., the principal broadcloth manufacturer of 
the United States. He employs thirty-two sets 
of machinery aud annually manufactures 1,600, • 
000 lbs. of the two highest grades of Mestlza 
wool, and 230,000 of Amerlcau wool of the best 
descriptions grown In New York, Pennsylvania 
and Ohio. Mr. Slater commenced manufac¬ 
turing broadcloth In 1829. WTjen the taritl of 
18-16 stopped all similar establishmeuts, he 
persevered and kept his own in operation until 
185-1. He run his mills years without any profit. 
It was a matter of pride and a labor of love 
with him. He doubtless, too, hoped for favorable 
changes, but they were long in coming. Three 
or four year’s since be again resumed the busi¬ 
ness. 
I found Mr. Slater as frank and communica¬ 
tive a gentleman as I ever met with—as ready 
to bear witness to the facts which favor the 
American wool grower as some manufacturers 
arc to conceal them: and in repeating parts of the 
conversation between him and myself, I wish 
you and yonr readers to remember that, in all 
that, pertains to his branch of manufacture, he 
is, concededly, the highest and best authority in 
the United States. Mr. 8 . affirms, unhesitatingly, 
that wool* can be grown in the United States every 
way as well adapted to the manufacture of broad¬ 
cloths , as those grown in any other country in the 
world. He says such wools have been grown in 
our country, and that be hue worked them and 
fully tested their qualities. He meutioned, as 
an example, those purchased some years since 
by John Brown in Washington county, Penn¬ 
sylvania, and In contiguous portiohs of Ohio 
and Virginia. On one occasion Brown gent 
some of these to England, and afterwards 
imported them hack. On their return Mr. 
Slater bought and manufactured a large quan¬ 
tity of them. Brown’s wools were classed as 
X, XX and XXX. Mr. S. says that the X, or 
third class wool, was as good as any now put 
into American cloths—that there could not 
probably be found at the present time 100,000 
lbs. as good wool in the New York or Philadel¬ 
phia markets—that some of it might be finer, but 
it would be found less uniform in quality, aud 
parts of it would be “run out," i. t. weaker, 
less regular in fibre, aud possessing less felting 
properties. He says that Brown’s XX wool 
was a distinct grade above X, and would make 
superior cloth—doth fine enough to meet the 
wishes of those who wear the best clothing. 
That his XXX was nearly equal to “picklock” 
MOORE’S RF 
repeat, and in regard to all the facts stated by 
him, kindly allowed me to make such use of 
them as I should see fit, remarking th*t he 
“had no secrets on such subjects.” 
Yours, very truly, Henry 8. Randall. 
p g,_ Lloyd Allen, of Ellsworth, Mahoning 
Co., Ohio, and several other correspondents, 
have asked advice as to the disposition of lots 
-Lt-nnl field bv them. If their wools are 
01c. 
HONEY -AMOUNT TO SQUARE MILE. 
The honey yielded by the flowers, is scattered 
so widely and in so small quantities, that we can 
only approximate its amouut from the results 
of the honey bW. U pon them we are dependent 
for its detection, and the gathering and storing 
thoroughly on the inside, and also on the out¬ 
side below the roof, and should extend below 
the top of the room sufficient to receive the 
stove pipe with an elbow. Two houses have 
beeu burned in this neighborhood this winter in 
consequence of defective chimneys. A man¬ 
hole should be made, so that the attic and every 
unoccupied part of the house can he entered 
when necessary. 
Studded houses are rendered stronger and 
An Unofficial Proclam xnox. —Exuenl Mayoralty 
—Enter Business.— From onr youth up we have heard 
and read much shout Freedom, Liberty. &c., and can 
now reallza, to some extent, whs*, the terms denote. 
After serving the Municipality of the Metropolis of 
the Eden of America for several years—as Alderman, 
President of the Connell, Mayor. 4 c., &c.,—we are at 
of fine wool held by them. If their wools are of | l0ney bee. U pon them we arc dependent studded houses are rendered stronger and president of the Council, Mayor, 4c„ &c.,—we are at 
of high enough quality for broadcloths, we for iu de te C ti®n, and the gathering and storing warmer in winter and cooler in summer, by last comparatively freerrom the ' 
would advise them to send, carefully average ^ Colonies commencing Vo unoccupied fields, t, e j D ir lathed and plastered between the studs btlities of other pcop e s an t e pu v ’ 
sample* (not Uttle locks, but proper sampUs)U> generally doable their number annually, If and a!=0 on the studs, making two air spaces in buMness" severely, and 
Mr. Si.ateh .n^khimttelrv.ne ..d .1U*r M(W> ,bc, h.vc reached the mmU . This well pay. the cost Don't Ml 
shall be sent on to him. »e would trust nr. o. CHjiacity of tbc Whenever we find the t0 pat a coat of paint on new clapboards. If w , lh6 foorth boy , who arrived last week !) 
to make the price on them, if he will consent o &vc e num bt'r annually supported in a locality you canno t afford more, put on one coat, which &nd ^ u and interests of Us respective mem- 
it. Of course, It cannot be expected that he for ft 8cricB of ycarBt we may calculate if they v 
would trouble himself to receive small parees avcra g C ^ pound* of surplus in addition to sutH- 
in this way. Nor do we know that he would, in Btore8 f or winter, that the field affords 70 
any case, do business in the mode suggest*-. . Qn ^ borie y to every colony of bees sus- . 
We unfortunately forgot to mention the matter jq c 0 i 0 n t e6 arG sustained and 100 
to him, and are not without doubts on the poan(Jft of enr p lQg ftre MCQrc d, we may safely 
subject _ estimate that 700 pounds of honey arc within 
77" * „ s , n their range. If 80 colonies arc sustained wi- = 
Condensed Correspondence, Items, <xe* may Cfitiuiate wUh lbe 300 pounds surplus, they 
- requiring SO pounds for w ntering each colony, 
Feed for Fattening Suekp, &c.—“ B. 8 .' of- - andc o n8Utn ingaamucbrnorcdurlugthebreediiig 
(we can’t mako out the address unless it is Dundee) have j n their field 2,100 pounds of honey. < 
asks the best feed for fattening and whether U fop ^ colon(es Buat *ined and 1000 pounds ( 
“^.Tf‘inova r . n (a Stebrat^feeder,! thinks surplus secured, there must be a field accessible t 
wetj, we believe, of buckwheat. Oats tend to in- furnishing 7,000 pounds, or three and a half tuns 
crease muscle (lean meat) more than fat. A mixture 0 f honey. 
of oil meal Is thought to improve any kind of jernin Through various seasons there will be quite a 1 
feed. Some give the sume feed steadily—others ditference in the product. In a favorable one 1 
change it. The last Is the English practice; and the bb(jy considerably exceed what would be the 1 
English generally mix roota with grain ret , lVt;ra g e amount for several seasons, both in the 1 
ShdiAti fAtteii better In ttnoll flocks. The feeding , . . T 
Nhetp ration number of swarms aud surplus honey. In an 
should he moderate at first to ovoia cmyiug, r 
and gradually Increased to its maximum. About unfavorable season a few of the strongest swarms 
a quart of coin, or Its equivalent Is ordinarily the. will give a little surplus; another portion will I 
maximum. Sheep to be profitably fed, In winter, gj Y e barely a sufficient amount to carry them i 
should enter it fat. They will not Increase very though the winter; |at)d a third part of them 
greatly afterwards in weight, but they will carry BCCUrtJ 80 „ in all an amount for winter that they 
their flesh to a period of the year when it is worth mug ^ be fcd) of broken up> or perish from star 
much more in market, and until their pelts < vation before the commencement tff another 
come more valua ble. _ honey season. They then commence below 
rnoTEcnoN to Wool and Woolens.- Joseph their usual number and do well a season or two, 
Cautkr, Bath, N. Y. Certainly, Sir, the wool raanu- and then, exceeding in number the supply afiord 
factnrer should he protected “equally” with the ed in their field, are again subjected to a reverse, 
grower. Wo have never advanced auy opposite idea. This reverse is sometimes -o great that half or’ 
nor do we intend to. But yon are wholly mistaken three-fourth* of the whole apiary st arve, 
lu supposing that the fine aud short stapled Mestlza These results do not so much proceed from 
wools do not now and never can "come tncompeti- difference of the seasons, as from the uu* 
lion with our wools.” Head wbat li. N. Slater, the nnm ber of colonics rieing from the in- 
■urges, broadcloth toanulacturcr tn the U. fc says crme of n , w #wftrm6 . Suppose, for Instance, 
ou this subject. Yon hhv if tuc tsnff m&uQ ^.- 11*0 ia'i 
high " cm t hose wools, “ we shall have to go abroad th« field in the average oi seasons will give *,1 > 
for our fine broadcloths.” “Too high” Is a vague pounds, sustaining 30 colonies, and giving .500 
term. Tbc present duties paid on those wools will pounds of surplus. The keeper starts with 30 
hear doubling. We don’t believe manufacture re colonies and one-half of them swarm, making 
“should be checked” anymore than you do. The now 45 colonies; with this addition instead of 
grower must have a home market. But we believe pormda for summer consumption, 80 pounds 
the time has come when profits should be equal. \\e ^ winter, and 10 pounds surplus each, they 
don’t want to kick the manufacturer out of bed, hut ^ ^ oycr 4( - poundj , , acli . Take 
we want half of U ^ ou t the 30 pounds each for summer consu re¬ 
claiming a Name.—J. S. and J. F. Town, Genova, tiott and they have but au average of 16% lbs. 
Kane Co., III., write that J. H. Thomas of Orwell, left-ft little more than half enough lor winter, 
VI., has claimed tbc name of “Dictator” for a ram, and nothing for Burplus. By increasing the 
when they had previously a full blood ram (a pedigree stocks the result is affected as unfavorably as by 
of which they forward) of the same name, also bred d ( m j n i 6 hing the supply, and over-stocking does 
In Vermont. Such a duplication or names is not uu- ^ 6(ime injury to the business of the apiarian 
common. As a general thing it is hettei to r obvious ^ ftn un j- av orable honev season, unless he lakes 
™«OM to .voU It - but wlicn llp al | tb.t ,re .hort of store., .nd tbc 
mode «r escaping any resulting confusion is to write v , 
in such pedigrees “Town’s Dictator," “Thomas's stramed honey and wax. 
Dictator,” etc. We presume Mr. Thomas was una- 11 we visit the ditlereut aptancs around us, 
ware that any other ram but his own had received we shall probably find more, after ten, twenty, 
such a name, lie is a gentleman who is very little or thirty years standing, under 30 colonics than 
disposed to borrow other peoples “thunder." exceeding that number. If we find occasionully 
--- a successful bee keeper, with two or three hun- 
8 alb of Spanish Merino Ewes.—Joseph Sukldon co j on i e8) wc gHo.ll probably ilud them dis- 
of Fairhaven, Vt., recently sold to Messrs. I. V. Ba- tr - lbu ^ ed ,- u bveor six different localities. There 
her, Jr., and K- W. Hartuoan of Comstock s Land- where 100 colonies will 
int? N Y.. thirty-one breeding ewes, In lamb by ... . , , 
“ Don Pedro." The ewes are from three to six years thrive, but I think there are but few such local- 
old, and were bred by Mr Sheldon, who bought one itics in this part of the State, From the fore- 
huudred ewes of John T. Rich of Shoreham, Vt., going considerations, I conclude we will find 
some twenty years ago. He has bred them carefblly few HCC tion 8 of country where more than 2,100 
s. w. A. 
will last a year or two, till the means come to berg> There are pleasant thing* in occupying 
paint tboroughlv. s. w. a. positions of trust and honor, hut it i* a tittletoo 
Cortland Ill. “ much of a good thing” to be engaged from 13 to 18 
hours per day for month* and years In succession, as 
we have been; and we hereby give notice that we 
have had glory enough In that line —that. Instead 
of endeavoring to attend to several, we purpose in 
future to devote onr time and effort* mainly to one 
office, that of the Rural New-Yorker. There we 
CORN AND CABBAGE 8 FOB SOILING. expect to he “at home” in business hours, and not, 
as for some time past, obliged to prepare ' copy 
There arc two periods lu the season of pasturing an(J aUcnd othcT Rciut, affairs In the wee «na’ 
on grass, through which dairyman find It dlfll- ftnd other unseasonable boor*. As we never sought 
cult to carry their stock without ft falling off in 0 g[ Cc ^ an d accepted the various positions named, and 
the Uow of milk audio condition. These are others, with reluctance and (we trust) becoming 
mid-summer—when the first growth of grass is modesty-and performed their duties with iT.partial- 
finUhed—and the latter part of autumn, when lty and to the best of our poor “ bl -avored 
>'•« * 0 .t arreated U» ,«o.d growth_of 2 U w. 
herbage, and rendered it Jess nutritious. The bMn ulkini< t0 them all the while, we cordially 
ordinary method of providing a sufficient supply el oQr rcadent on thi*. to us, anspicious occasion 
of food for these periods of scarcity is to 6 tock _ foT jj Ppc to become more intimate and some- 
the pastures through the whole season much what sociable. We expect to read and respond to 
lighter than is necessary in times of vigorous hosts of letters from those whose favors have not 
growth of feed, thus producing a quantity of hitherto received onr personal attention. And we 
grass in the beginning of the season to be con- ftln hope this feeling will be reciprocated by the 
sumed in the latter part, when, frequently, it is ££ - £ eo 
sun-burned and dried up. complimenUry a manner as did, recently, one of onr 
These disadvantages might be overcome, in a C( , t(iemod roatri butors, who close 1 his poetical 
great measure, and a larger herd of cattle epigl ] c in this climacteric style: 
grazed on a given number of acres, by provid- .. whim from civic cares set free, 
ing food from other sources, during the mid- a nV rr'.w! h'<i ’ 11 ith**t>onoA' ' wi 1 y won. 
summer and latter part of autumn. For this a hundred pem ntn welcome thee.' 
nut-nose wc advise the sowing of corn iu drills, Farewell, along farewell, then, to such euphoneons 
CORN AND CABBAGE 8 FOB SOILING. 
There arc two periods lu the season of pasturing 
on grass, through which dairyman find It diffi¬ 
cult to carry their stock without a falling off in 
the Uow of milk and in condition. These are 
mid-summer—when the first growth of grass is 
finished—and the latter part of autumn, when 
the frost has arrested the second growth of 
herbage, and rendered it Jess nutritious. The 
ordinary method of providing a sufficient supply 
of food for these periods of scarcity is to 6 tock 
the pastures through the whole season much 
lighter than is necessary in times of vigorous 
growth of feed, thus producing a quantity of 
grass in the beginning of the season to be con¬ 
sumed in the latter part, when, frequently, it is 
sun-burned and dried up. 
These disadvantages might be overcome, in a 
great measure, and a larger herd of cattle 
grazed on a given number of acres, by provid¬ 
ing food from other sources, during the mid¬ 
summer and latter part of autumn. For this 
purpose wc advise the sowing of corn iu drills, 
or UutoB it. rald-.ummer, tmd the planting of title .. •• Tonr Honor." “Tonr Wor.Mp." a nd .ran 
well adapted for soiling at the special periods 
mentioned. The corn fodder may be fed in 
stables, night and morning, or carted on to the 
pastures aud scattered over them. The cabbages 
should be fed in the same manner. Cut them off 
close to the ground with an ax or a stiff bush 
scythe, throw them into a wagon box, and take 
them into the fields to be eaten. 
The greatest labor and perplexity usually 
incurred in growing those crops—that of harvest¬ 
ing and scenting properly for winter—are not 
necessary by this method of feeding. Dairy¬ 
men, give these hints thoughtful attention! | 
Figure carefully on it and experiment some. 
With the time at your command for raising 
1 these crops they cannot fail of proving highly 
remunerative. Over ten thousand cabbage 
plants can be grown on one acre. All of them 
would produce food for the cows. Allow each 
one twenty heads per day, and one acre would 
feed ten cows for fifty days. 
A DAIRY REGION IN ILLINOIS. 
Mr. B. B. Josltn sends us the following 
information relative to the duiry region alODg 
the Rock River in Illinois “ Will you permit 
a New York dairyman, who has turned Sucker, 
or to an Illinois dairyman, to say a few words to 
those who follow the same business in New 
York ? Take Rock River from Janesville, W'ls., to 
addressed os, wbcti arking favors,) SDd their associ¬ 
ations. We now tak« our position as “ high private ’ 
in the ranks of the people-hoping we arc not bo de¬ 
moralized but that we tuny still be considered respect¬ 
able t No title desired -neither Hon..-Col., nor Capt. 
If our friend* will only fnniieh us the necessary am¬ 
munition to carry on enccesBfully tho Rural Cam¬ 
paign— wiv in the shape of contributions, remittances, 
&c .—they are at perfect liberty to omit all titles and 
compliment* whatsoever. 
And now to our work again, with a firm deter¬ 
mination to spare no effort or expense to render the 
Rural New-Yorker more worthy the One Hundred 
Thousand Subscribers it ought speedily to attain I 
-■ «» » - 
More Am.— A Southern Corresponding Editor.—It 
afford* us great pleasure to announce that the Hon. 
T. C. Peters, late Preeldcnt of the N. Y. State Ag’l 
Society, but now of Maryland, ha* been engaged as 
Southern Corresponding Editor of the Rural New- 
Yorker. Mr. P. is so well known to our reader* 
(having contributed to every volume of the Rural) 
that he need* no Introduction, lie possesses great ver¬ 
satility of talent, i* a cIobc observer, aud ba* had much 
erperienee tn both Editing and Farming. Hie contri¬ 
butions will prove interesting and Instructive to our 
readers in all section* of our widely-extended and 
now happily re united Country. 
The Weather, Croi- Prospects, Ac.—Tho weather 
of March was very severe. At present (April 2d.) 
there i* much frost in the ground and considerable 
Ice in the streams and ponds. There has been but 
little snow daring the winter, and wheat ha* suffered 
from want of protection; especially tho frequent 
its mouth, 150 miles, and there is no part of thawings and freezings which it ha* been subjected 
since, using both Paular and lufantado rams. In the 
list of rams used by biro we notice Old BJack, The 
Lawrence Kant, Sanford's Cross Ram, Ac., Ac, 
TottACCO Dip, Ac.—Our correspondent “H.” of 
Grasshopper Falls, Kansas, is informed that it is lm- 
^ 7 * 7.7 " Dossible to reply to inquiries like his “by letter.” 
it would compare without disadvantage with 
any wool in the world. Mr. S. declared em¬ 
phatically that all these grades worked as well, in 
every particular, as any other wools, of equal Jltie- 
ticss, in the world. 
After this decision and Indisputable testimony, 
we hope never again to hear the pretence that 
the United States cannot grow the beBt broad¬ 
cloth wools, foolishly or dishonestly put forth 
by those who have an interest in keeping the 
duties low on such foreign wools, and who 
therefore claim that they compete with uothing 
which can he grown at home. 
Mr. Slater now uses Mestiza wool with 1 
enough American to compose halt of'the warp. 
In plain broadcloths the warpjeonstitutes about 
one-third, and the filling about two-thirds of 
the fabric, so that the proportion of American 
wool used is onc-sixth. The latter is used to 
give strength to the cloth, Mestiza wool is much 
weaker, in twilled broadcloth the proportions 
of warp to filling are as 45 to 55. In doeskins 
the warp slightly predominates. In the latter, 
filling may be two grades lower in quality than 
the warp: if there is auy difference between 
them in broadcloth, the filling should be finest. 
Mr. S .’6 statements in regard to tbe length ol' 
wool admissible in prime broadcloths, are im¬ 
portant to American growers ? Wool for warp 
may be from IK to 2 inebes Icing, or even a 
little upwards. The filling Is usually the shorter 
wool from the same fleeces, and may be from 1 
to 1)4 inches long. 
Mr. Slater is decidedly opposed to growers 
washing their wool, considering that, as now 
pends, of course, on Us strength. The usual amount 
U from 6 to 8 lbs. Make the decoction strong enough 
to kill a tick speedily, and this can be ascertained by 
actual experiment. “Common mercurial ointment” 
is not an expensive article. Inquire for price in 
any drug store,_ 
D. M. Davis, Hopewell Center, does not give all 
tbe symptoms necessary to determine a disease with¬ 
out seeing it. We arc told nothing of the pulse, of 
the breathing, of the state of the bowels, Ac., Ac., 
and nothing of the post-mortem appearances. But 
one thing he may rest aerured of, that whatever its 
character, it was not produced by “ feeding grain" in 
reasonable quantities. Sheep should not be overfed 
—)>ut they are no more killed by a moderate allowance 
of corn or oats, than are cows or horses. 
____ 
French it brings.—Geo. Snyder. Rhlnebeck, N.Y., 
in commenting on the remarke of a correspondent, 
speaks highly of French Merinos, iu situations to 
which they are adapted, We prefer tbe American 
Merino, but agree with Mr. 8. that the French Merino, 
when well selected, aud not ruined by pampering as 
the early ones were, is a valuable animal. The medi¬ 
um sized ones are best, aud all are decidedly im¬ 
proved by a cross with the American Merino. 
Wool Houses —G. B. Stilson, Edinburg, O. We 
are not specially acquainted with the wool firms you 
mention, but believe the first one you name to be 
“ responsible." Teu.kamvf A Kitohjno of New 
York, and George W. Bond of Boston, are enpposed 
to be abundantly so. Were we at home, we could 
give you the names of twenty other firms of high 
standing._. 
Sore Etes,—John Roth, DovehiU, la. You state 
no facts which explain tbc sore eyes of your lambs. 
The work yon inquire for, the Practical Shepherd, is 
« m _ | B l ilt WUrA y UU iil U I 1V Away v*-— —-- * » 
generally performed, it is merely a covering for 1 )nbli 6 y ied ) )y d. d. T. Moore, Rochester, N. Y., and 
fraud. He is now importing 500,000 lbs. of j B fonvardc d‘by mail, postage paid, for $2. 
Saxon aud Merino Mestiza, and No. 1 Mestiza - 
wool. It cost him 177 to 143 a cents per Oxfordshire Downs.—George B. Dckkee, Aklen, 
pound procured of the grower in buenoB Ayers. Erie ^ N y., asks where Oxfordshire Down sheep 
Mr. S. gave me much other valuable intorma- can be purchased. We don’t know. W ill the owners 
tioD, which I have not now time or room to of such sheep advertise them ? 
pounds will be found upon a square mile. This 
would be 75,000 pounds, a little more than 37% 
tuns, from a township six miles square. This 
would give 1,080 colonies to a township. This 
would be an average of 3 9-32 pounds per acre, 
taking theC40 acreB in one mile. 
Jasper Hazen. 
__ ^ • ♦ 1 ~* 
ADVICE ABOUT BUILDING HOUSES. 
To those who are about to build houses I offer 
a few suggestions : 
p m3T —He sure and secure a good foundation, 
which can be much better made before the 
house is built than afterwards. The wall above 
ground should be double, to secure the cellar 
from frost. Where the subsoil is hard, as it is 
in most places on the prairies, and stone or brick 
arc scarce, a very convenient way is to lay the 
foundation wall about two feet below the surface 
of the ground, leave a bank about a foot wide, 
and excavate in the center to the required depth 
for the cellar, leaving the &ides a little sloping. 
This bank should be plastered with hydraulic 
cement, and makes a convenient shelf. Two 
inch studding put up round the walls, on which 
are put lath and plaster, and also lath and plaster 
overhead, greatly tend to lessen the liability to 
freezing and promote cleanliness. 
The pantry should be on the north side of the 
house in the coolest position possible. Above 
all things have the room or rooms which you 
intend most to occupy, (as sitting room or 
common living room,) on the Eouth side, wilb 
windows 60 as to secure a full share of the sun’s 
rays in winter. It adds much to the pleasant¬ 
ness of the room aud saves fuel, and plenty of 
sunshine is said to promote health. A few 
deciduous trees will famish sufficient shade in 
summer. A large piazza is a great convenience, 
both summer and winter—in summer especially. 
Wc use one for a dining plaee, aud in the winter 
it is inclosed with the hot-bed sash and used 
for hanging clothes to dry. 
Double sash make a room much warmer and 
prevents the accumulation of frost on the glass. 
The chimney should be built with great care 
to be 6afe from fire. It should be plastered 
New York that can surpass It for dairying. 
A few dairies are scattered here and there, where 
a New Yorker has settled in, knowing the 
profits ol‘ cows over wheat growing. For the 
last year cheese has sold, only twenty to forty 
days from the press, at any of the towns on the 
Mississippi, for two cents per pound above New 
Y'ork market for dairy cheese. Timothy and 
clover do not bind, nor are they thrown out by 
the frost. The seasons are more even in 
temperature, and the summer season for all 
work two months longer than in Central New 
Y'ork. There will be a cheese factory started 
here this spring, but what we want is more New 
Yorkers who are not afraid Or ashamed to milk 
when it pay 8 , We may point you to farms that 
can be bought ior one-half the money that the 
same number of acres would cost in New York, 
and the land here, with our seasons, will 
produce double to tbe acre for the amount of 
labor performed. 
So send along your enterprising New Y'ork 
farmers and dairymen, and we will find a 
hundred or two of them locations that, with 
their skill and labor in a few years, will surpass 
their most sanguine hopes of a good home and 
competency for old age.” 
Profitable Cows.—Mr. Cuas. N. Beecher, 
Conn., writes us that he owns two cows, one 
five and the other, mother of the first, eleven 
years old, from which he sold butter, milk and 
calves to the amount of two hundred and nine 
dollars and thirty cents, from April 1st, 1865 to 
Feb. 17th, 1SC0. The product was mostly butter, 
which sold for forty cents per lb. The old cow 
made twenty lbs. of butter one week in June, 
and will moke one lb. of butter from six quarts 
of milk. The cows were pastured on five acres 
during the whole season. Mr. B. thinks it of 
great importance to raise cowb from good 
milkers, as the calves almost universally inherit 
the milking qualities of their mothers. 
A correspondent of the Canada Fanner says 
that his treatment, simple and efieetive, for 
swollen or caked bag in cows is spirit 01 harts- 
horm (Aq. Ammonia,) well rubbed in, all over 
the parts affected, three times a day, milking 
clean and often. 
to, have injured the crop. The season has been 
unusually bud for winter grain. Wc believe the fruit 
prospects are fair along the southern Hhore of Lake 
Ontario. The peach buds there are not very exten¬ 
sively injnred. 
To-day we have the promise of milder weather. 
The robins and blue birds are “ abroad,” the sky ia 
fair, the air is still, and tempered more agreeably 
than on any day of capricious March. 
The Agricultural Report of Missouri.— This 
Report for the year 18G3 cornea to us from Dr. L. D- 
Mohsi, Corresponding Secretary of tho Missouri 
State Beard of Agriculture. It is comprised in a very 
handsome volume of 480 pages, containing the Corres¬ 
ponding Secretary’s Report, the Proceedings of tie 
State Board; Reports from the Committees; Letters 
on Fmit Growing; Essays on Agricultural and Horti¬ 
cultural Subjects; Addresses; aud Proceedings of the 
Missouri Staid Horticultural Society. It will impart 
to its readers much valuable Information respecting 
the Agricultural and Horticultural capabilities ol 
Missouri. It is profusely illustrated, and taken alto¬ 
gether will not lose in comparison with any other 
State Report. Good for “Free Missouri.” 
now to Tan Sheep Skins.—(J. C.) Immerse your 
skins, with the wool on, in a mixture of the follow¬ 
ing proportions: Four quarts of brau water, two 
ounces of salt, one ounce of sulphuric acid ; have it 
lukewarm; stir them briskly for 40 minutes, then 
rinse them with a strong solution of sal-soda. When 
nearly dry work them and they will dry soft. We do 
not think, however, that ektns treated in this way 
will stand water very well, but when dry they look 
nice and are pliable. 
Night Soil.— (Subscriber.) Mix yonr night soil in 
alternate layers with muck, or if that cannot be 
readily procured, common earth will answer nearly 
as good a purpose- After the heap has lain it may be 
turned over aud mixed without offence. Apply as a 
top dressing to auy crop you wish to stimulate to a 
rapid and luxuriant growth. 
New Agricultural Work.— We have received the 
advance sheets of a work un “Indian Corn, its value, 
cnlture and uses”—by Edward Enfkld. We judge 
it will cover tbe whole subject, and be of value and 
interest to farmers. Published by D. Appleton & 
Co., New York, and advertised in this paper. 
- - -- 
Fob Sorghum Mills, &c., see advertisement of 
Silliman, Bowman & Co., of Brockport, this count), 
who build and furnish various sizeB of mills for 
crushing sugar cane. 
