Written tor Moore’s Rural New-Yorker. 
migration of birds and animals. 
1. Our tasks are said, oar work is done. Oar things are in their places 
2. Our parents dear shall know hovr well Our les - sons we’ve re - peated 
Now to our homes we’ll quickly run. 
For all to them we'll surely tell, 
With cheerful hearts and faces. 
As round the hearth we’re seated 
3. Then to our God who reigns above, We’ll raise our thoughts and voices 
For well we know that in his love, Our teacher’s heart re - joices 
purposes, of which the actors have not the 
slightest Idea from reflective reason; they act 
as impulse urges. Migration is either perfect 
and regular, as in the case of the cuckoo, swift 
and swallow, or imperfect, as in the case of the 
kingfisher, which merely leaves the stream for 
wider water courses—or irregular, ns In the case 
of the migration of herrings in the north, or of 
clouds of locusts In Asia or Africa. 
We will at first attend to perfect and regular 
migration as we see it performed by birds of 
passage. Great Britain i3 well situated for ob¬ 
serving the phenomena of migration, which, 
viewed from it, may be likened to a tide-stream 
flowiug northward in spring with a southern 
reflux in autnran. We may say, indeed, that It 
is an Africa to tha wild fowl of the Arctic 
regions, and an Arctic breeding place to the 
swallow which winters in Africa. Let us paint 
a summer in the Arctic regions. It is very short, 
but short as It is, it sees the birth of thousands 
of most Interesting beings, and every islet, every 
promontory, is thronged by a dense population. 
As if by magic the snow3 of winter have 
dissolved and coarse herbage has covered the 
laud. Every small pool, every lake, every inlet 
is garlanded with vegetation. Floating onward 
ffoin the temperate latitudes, multitudes of 
wild fowl, water birds of various species—scoter 
ducks, widgeons, cider ducks, king ducks, 
pochards and many species of wading birds. 
The work of Incubation now commences. The 
ground Is converted into a city of nests, rarely 
intruded upon by thu foot of man. Here thous¬ 
ands of wild fowl are reared. The water 
supplies them with food—the reeds bend over 
their nests. 
“Byplashy brink of weedy lake or marge of river 
wide, 
Or when the rocky billows rise and sink on the 
chafed ocean side." 
But the summer Ls short. It passes not into 
winter by the transition of a mellowed autumn. 
As it sprang of a sudden out of winter, so it 
returns; but the wild birds, instinct-taught, 
anticipate the time when river, lake, pond and 
Inlet will bo sealed with ice. Their young arc 
fledged strong on the wing, and now they com¬ 
mence their southern journey, not to seek a 
breeding place, but open waters where the ice- 
flow is never seen, and where they may find 
food to sustain them nntil another Arctic 
Bummer arrives. 
Much has been written respecting the migra¬ 
tion of birds, treating the subject as if the birds 
reasoned on the necessity of thelrjourney, and on 
the direction best for them to take, as the captain 
of a ves&cl bound for Australia or the Boutb sea 
might do with his chart beforo him, calculating 
the effects of currents and trade-winds. Here 
many persons labor under slugular confusion of 
ideas: the end to be answered by the migration 
of a bird is its own preservation, but the modus 
operandi is entirely instinctive. The bird knows 
nothing of north or south, east or west; 
instinct directs and urges its flight, and were it 
not for this instinctive impulse It would remain 
and perish with cold and hunger. 
We have only mentioned the migration of 
birds. But wo must.not forget that other 
animals migrate, and here we will allude to the 
oceauic mammalia. Chantz, la his history of 
Greenland, notices two species of seal which he 
considers migratory; one he calls Neitersoak 
Phoca Christata Utsuk; the name of the other 
Phocaburbata. These species emigrate twice In 
the year; first they retire in July and return in 
September. lie thinks these the only two 
epecies that migrate. But Desmarest Bays that 
the Attaraoak Phoca Greenlandica leaves the 
coast of Greenland twice a year, in the month 
of March to return in May, in Jaty to return in 
September; and Professor Bell confirms it. 
The probability ls that all 6eals are migratory. 
The Phoca Proboscidia of the southern ocean 
travels between latitude 35* and 50*—passing to 
the Antarctic in summer and retracing Its 
course in winter. There aro many species of 
fish which arc migratory—the salmon, herring, 
and others. There aro also many kinds of land 
animals that are partially migratory, impelled 
either by the scarcity of food or some other 
reason to change their locality. It seems that 
the Creator has implanted an instinct in the 
inferior animals that forewarns them of impend¬ 
ing danger. It is a well known fact that 
squirrels and other animals, before a very severe 
winter, micrute to a more conirenial clime. 
Well gladly go; but 
Nor feel a touch of sorrow 
now we part in 
teacher dear, We’ll all come back to - morrow 
Italian. That cosmopolitan, the Irishman, la 
so scarce in these parts that (outside of Camp 
Douglas) they can scarcely get up a Fenian meet¬ 
ing, and when they do “divil a Mormon” is 
there among them. When the “ Mormon army” 
was drilling ami parading this fall, one could 
easily notice as the homespun ranks marched by 
the prevalence of the blue eyed, fair haired Ger¬ 
manic type over the darker Latin .—Letter from 
Sail Lake. 
not by labor of band. The most practised eye 
or delicate touch might sometimes err, but the 
operations of machinery necessarily repeat them¬ 
selves with perfect precision. The grand result 
of this veritable similitude U, that in regard to 
time-keeping Waltham watches are all alike. 
Microscopic variations, dependent upon' acci¬ 
dental conditions, which under no circumstan¬ 
ces can ever be guarded against, do of course 
exist; but they are so slight, as compared with 
the wider deflections of works of foreign manu¬ 
facture, as not to- invalidate the rule of positive 
unity. In certain instances there might, it is 
true, bo single instruments of foreign produc¬ 
tion finished with an accuracy beyond even the 
regular workings of machinery. But to meet 
this, the American Company havo devoted one 
department of their factory to the construction 
of a much more elaborate article than thclrusual 
average. Thus the advantages of strict identity 
in component parts are combined with those of 
the most dexterous workmanship. In this way 
watches of absolute equality with the finest re¬ 
sults of European manufacture, are, in such 
quantities as may bo demanded, regularly pro¬ 
duced. 
An Important, question naturally, is that of 
the relative costliness of European and Amerl 
can watches. Wo find that the advantage of 
cheapness is on this side of the Atlantic. The 
difference in prices is not excessive, but Ls suffi¬ 
cient to be an object to any purchaser. The vir- 
tnru of superior durability, however, is one 
which ought, In an economical view, to be the 
most seriously considered. It has boeo estima¬ 
ted that wo pay Europe five millions of dollars 
a year for watches, and a like sum for keeping 
them In order. At oar bwn dooi n watches are 
manufactured for a lower price, of better qual¬ 
ity, less liable to become disordered, anil so ar¬ 
ranged that in case of Injury by violence, the 
derangement may be cheaply and expeditionsly 
repaired. 
The success of the Waltham Company is am¬ 
ple evidence of the estimation in which its wares 
are held. Its operations havo steadily widened 
since Us establishment. At present it employs 
more bands and produces more watches than at 
any former period. Each year contributes tes¬ 
timony to the excellence of theinstrumeuts, and 
Increases the demand for them. New varieties 
of form and quality have iu late years been in¬ 
troduced, to accommodate peculiar exigencies 
of taste or necessity. There Is the costly time¬ 
piece for the millionaire, and the inexpensive one 
for the clerk or artisan ; and there is the com¬ 
pact and tiny watch, jewelled and enamelled, 
which ladiCB delight to wear at, their girdles, and 
which they never remember to wind up. The 
varieties are ample to satisfy all the demands of 
utility or fancy; and it is but moderate eulogy 
to say that in exterior form and embellishment, 
no less than Interior excellence, they rival the 
best Instruments of European importation, und 
this notwithstanding the fact of their compara¬ 
tive cheapness.— Ex. 
A WORD ABOUT THE AMERICAN 
WATCH CO. 
A LETTER OF INTRODUCTION. 
Two little boys were standing at agate. They 
were both about the same age. But one of them 
was finely and tastefully dressed, while the clothes 
of the other wero course and ragged. It was in 
the autumn. The huskers were busy in tho com- 
flold, and from tho strip of woods beyond floated 
out the sound of tho wood-cutter’s ax. 
“Have you to better clothes, Benny?” asked 
the well-dressed boy. 
“No, I haven’t-, Johnny.” 
“ Why don’t you get better ones ? ” 
“ Because I can’t. I have no money. 1 can’t 
get work by which to earn money.” 
“ That Is bad, Benny. Aro yon going to 
school this winter?” 
“ I guess not., Johnny. I must stay out and do 
such little jobs as I can find to do. I would like 
to go to school very much. I wish I knew as 
much as you do, Johnny.” 
“Pooh! I don’t know anything. I am sorry 
for you. I am glad that I am better off. But 
that does not make me feel prond. It la a sin to 
be proud. God made you as good as I am, if 
your clothes are ragged.” 
Benny took his little friend by tho hand. A 
tear glistened In his eye. 
“You have always been kind to me, Johnny 
Allen,” said he. “ Yon havo never hooted at 
me, nor taunted me, like the other boys. So I 
have sometimes taken up your quarrels; and I 
will stand by you when we are men.” 
“ Look here, Benny! How would you like to 
work on a farm all winter—good clothes, enough 
to cat, a little pocket-money, a nice family to 
live with, and plenty of work?” 
“I would like that.” 
“Then I can help yon. It just occurred to 
me. My Uncle Abbott wants a little boy on Ida 
farm. I will give yon a letter to him.” 
Two days afterwards, Benny stood in front of 
Undo Abbott, awaiting a reply. Uncle Abbott 
was a pleasant looking old man, not yet stooped, 
but with hair quite gray. Ho put on his specta¬ 
cles, opened John Allen’s letter, and read as 
follows: 
“ Msnow Bhook, Oct. 9, Eighteen 45. 
“Unkle abbot This iS Benny He is a good 
Boy. He 13 Poor <fc Has no Home FleaS Keep 
Him and give Him worK. 
your Nefiew JoNn aLLen ” 
Now, Johnuy was quite a small boy, and not 
so well learned os Benny supposed him to bo. 
But notwithstanding the spelling, misuse of capi¬ 
tals and want of punctuation, tho letter of intro¬ 
duction was sufficient. Uncle Abbott gave 
Benny a home for a nnmber of years. 
It was an October night, in Philadelphia. 
The air was as cold as November. It was late, 
and there was not much noise on the streets. In 
a cozy room sat a man. Ho looked careworn 
and haggard. He shaded his brow with his 
A BRIDAL TOUR, 
A party, consisting of a bride, bridegroom 
and a gentleman frieDd, recently arrived in 
Charleston on horseback, who had made a 
bridal tour In this style from the border of Lake 
Ontario, having commenced their journey three 
months ago. They traveled slowly and leisurely 
during the day, securing rooms at hotels or inns, 
or accommodations at private houses at night. 
By this moans the travelers were spared fatigue, 
and the horses always appeared in comparatively 
fresh condition. Tho trio were genteelly dressed, 
tho lady wearing a habit of lawn color with suit¬ 
able trimmings. They remained In Charleston 
two days, then resumed their journey in the direc¬ 
tion of Savannah, cn route to Florida and Louis¬ 
iana. Arrived at the latter place, they will return 
homeward by passing through the Southwestern 
and Western States. 
’"5,000 watches per ar.num. The quality of these 
instruments has been thoroughly tested by mi¬ 
nute comparisons, and the result is decidedly in 
favor of the American over the imported arti¬ 
cle. Tho principal difference arises from the 
mode of manufacture. Foreign time-pieces are 
made princlpally'by hand, and each is finished 
separately. All those mysterious and infinitesi¬ 
mal organs which, when aggregated, produce 
the watch, aro the fruit of Blow and toilsome 
manual processes. In tho results there must, of 
conrse be lack of uniformity. The constituent 
parts of tho American watch, on the other band, 
arc fashioned by machinery. Wheels, pinions, 
springs, Bcrews, absolutely uniform in weight, 
circumference, dimensions, and in every possi¬ 
ble particular, are turned out In myriads by un¬ 
erring mechanical processes. The difficulty of 
manufacturing by hand these trivial miracles 
of metal must bo evident. It Involves such dig¬ 
ital cunning, such superlative acuteness of eye, 
Buch exhausting patience of effort, that It Is 
almost a wonder how the work shops of Geneva 
and La Cbaux do Fonds continne to replenish 
their armies of operators. In the Waltham 
Manufactory, machinery supplies the means of 
their production. Wheels, pivots and jewels, 
all are prepared by the same unswerving iron 
hands. As one practical and easily appreciated 
result of this perfect method, it may bo liiBtun- 
ced that the owner of a watch of which by ac¬ 
cident any part gets lost or Injured, lias only to 
address the Company, enclosing the number of 
his watch and stating the organ wauted-screw, 
wheel, jewel, spring, or whatnot—aud forth¬ 
with by return mall comes tho desired article, 
which any watchmaker may adjust to its place. 
The first duty of a watch, as all the world un¬ 
derstands, ls to keep good time. Its other qual¬ 
ities are decorative and subsidiary. The sim¬ 
pler its mechanism, tho more trustworthy its 
action. The Byatem upon which watches are 
constructed by the American Company is tho 
perfection of simplicity. The motive power is 
applied directly to its purpose, and ls not dis¬ 
sipated amidst a useless compllcationof machin¬ 
ery. The Importance of this extreme simpli¬ 
fication of structure must be apparent. The 
motive force has no longer to vitalize cumbrous 
and unnecessary impedimenta ; friction is lessen¬ 
ed one-half, and the liability to fracture two- 
tbirds. These advantages of improved con¬ 
struction having been secured to the fullest ex¬ 
tent that is expedient, those of perfect uniform¬ 
ity are of course more easily attained. And it 
Ls to these, more than to auy other causes, that 
the real value of the Waltham watches must be 
attributed. The fact is, that there Is virtually 
no variation in the working of even the nilnu- 
testdetu'Us of all these instruments. They must 
all inevitably be equally good. Exact unity is 
the first quality which watches, by whomsoever 
produced, can possess. Exact unity is absolutely 
unattainable by tho European process. Of the 
instruments simultaneously completed lu u for¬ 
eign work shop, it is Impossible to expect that 
they will bear more than a general and superfi¬ 
cial relationship to one another. There is no 
tie between them to hold them to exactitude. 
Deviations in regularity are always expected in 
imported watches — their harmony being con¬ 
tingent upon doubtful conditions. The dexter- 
For Moore’s Rural New-Yorker, 
ILLUSTRATED REBUS. 
XW Answer in two weeks, 
For Moore’s Rural New-Yorker. 
GEOGRAPHICAL ENIGMA. 
I am composed of 37 letters. 
My 33,15, 7, 29, 2 Is a county In Maine. 
My 1,13, 6, 5,13, 8,16 ,12 la a county in New Damp 
shfrg. 
My 37, 3,10, 25, 21, 4, 29 ls a connty in Vermont. 
My 29,3, 27, 14, 24 is a county in Massachusetts. 
My 22, 28, 33, 32,18,16,17 is a county In Rhode Island, 
My 27,28, 9,10 Is a county In Rhode Island. 
My 11, 81, 37,35,19, 2,16,29 i« a connty In Connecticut. 
My 80,37, 23, 31 » ft county in New York. 
My 15, 20,8*1,7, 26, 21 is a county in Virginia. 
My whole is a proverb of Solomon. 
Hornellaville, N. Y. Willie Savge. 
sar Answer In two weeks. 
INDIAN vs. YANKEE NAMES, 
On the summit of a hill in Sonoma, Califor¬ 
nia, is a small sheet of water which, with singu¬ 
larly good ta3te, tho early Californians named 
Lachrytna Montis, or the Tear of the Mountain. 
From one end of the continent to the other the 
Indians made and applied terms to .natural fea¬ 
tures with the same terseness, euphony and 
beauty. Leigh Hunt lu speaking of an Italian 
boy, 6aid: “His name was a piece of music— 
Lul Rivardl;” aud the name of Winniplsseogee 
hike is a poem in itself — “Tha Smile of the 
Gr;at 8pirit.” But the practical Yankee, when 
he discovers one of these forest Jewels imnedi- 
ately thinks of himself or of his pocket and 
christens it “Slick’s Pond” or “Silver Lake,” 
or someting of au equally common-place char¬ 
acter. This is the man who posts quack adver¬ 
tisements ou ancient rums and carves his name 
on the pyramids. For Immortality the painter 
looks to his pencil, tho Bculptor to his chisel, 
but he seeks undyiug fame through his jack¬ 
knife. 
noon, I must go to tho walk The banks aro 
tight; there is no money to be negotiated for on 
tho street. I am a ruined man.” 
“Perhaps this may be of uac to you,” said 
his wife, banding him a slip of paper. 
He went to the lamp and read as follows: 
” PuiLADKt.riifA, Oct. 9th, 1865. 
“ First National Dank, Philadelphia —Pay to 
John Allen, or order, ten thousand dollars. 
Benjamin Berwick.” 
“Belle, what does this mean? It is a check 
for ten thousand dollars. Who is Benjamin 
Berwick t ” 
“Tho gentleman stopped here to-day. Yon 
were not In. He felt 6orry, and left the cheek 
and this note: 
“ My Old Friend. Johnny Allen — While in the 
city to day, I heard that the failure of yonr bank 
would seriously affect you. Do you remember 
the letter of introduction you gave me to your 
Uncle Abbott? It was exactly twenty ycare 
ago. A few years ago I bought, land in Vennugo 
county. It proved to have oil ou It, and I am 
quite a rich man. If the accompanying check 
will aid you any, please use it. You ean make 
it all right sometime. 
Your friend, Benny.” 
John Allen cried. John Allen kissed his wife, 
and his wife kissed him. John Allen did not go 
to the wall—which means to break up. And all 
on account of that misspelt letter of twenty years 
before .—Little Corporal. 
For Moore’s Rural New-Yorker. 
AN ANAGRAM. 
I ealev het drwlo ttah osnkw cm tno, 
Ot odlh nomctimlon ihtw eth ddae; 
Dna nyacf ceocntescra teh oept 
Rowhe yfcan's sfetost aemder rea edhs. 
I ese heca aedsh—lal yerlrie lewth— 
I rhae heca trip-la Igtmeni hleg; 
I ntur ot psual tesho sorml' fo gtlhl, 
Nad het epla gmronin sellih yni eey. 
West Hamburg, N. Y. M 
| \%3jT Answer iu two weeks. 
For Moore's Rural New-Yorker, 
A PUZZLE. 
Bkvoiie a circle, let appear 
Twice twenty-live, and five In rear 
Join them to E and you will find 
What oft disturbs tho gentle mind. 
Port Rowan, C. W. 
Answer In two weeks. 
One ot the most distinguished personages in 
Home is an Amsterdam lady, who has been 
traveling about in her yacht, with black and 
white attendants. She is captivating, and a 
v'otnau ol spirit; she hails from the Nile, where 
she Lad been crocodiling. Sbe lives on board 
the vessel, and makes incursions into the coun¬ 
try by day. 
WHY ARE THE NORTHMEN MORMONS? 
By tbe way, can any of your ethnologists tell 
why it is that the Utah polygamists recruit their 
ranksfrom thenorthern nations of Europe only ? 
Polygamy, It has been thought was the offspring 
of tho torrid zone; but here Is another irruption 
of the Norsemen. The Welshman, the Swede, 
the Icelander, the Dane are largely represented. 
“Something rotten in Denmark,” one would 
think. There are whole communities of Eng¬ 
lishmen where they say congregations respond 
to the pastor's prayer with a full-voiced “ha- 
men ;” but you Bcldom see a Frenchman or an 
ANSWER TO ENIGMAS, &c., IN No. 846, 
Answer to Illustrated Rebus:—I would rather be a 
door keeper In the house of tho Lord than dwell in 
tho tents of wickedness. 
Answer to Miscellaneous Enigma:—Wisdom is 
better than rubles; aud all tho things that may bo 
desired are not to be compared to It. 
Answer to Puzzle: 
We burled him darkly, at dead of night, 
Tho soda with our bayonets turning; 
By the struggling moon-benra’s misty light 
And the lantern dimly burnig, 
First and Last.—F irst must give place to 
lust, because lust must have bis time to come; 
but last gives place to nothing, for there is not 
another to succeed. — Bunyan. 
Estimation of Firmness. —Firmness both 
iu sufferance aud exertion, is a character which 
I would wish to possess. I Lave always de¬ 
spised the whining yelp of complaint, and the 
cowardly feeble resolve.— Bums, 
No man ever did or ever will do his duty 11 by 
and by!" 
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