MOOBE’S RURAL REW-YOREER. 
ABOUT STRAWBERRIES. 
The strawberry season has fairly come in the ' 
Genesee Valley. The -weather has been favora¬ 
ble. Sufficient rain has fallen for the wants 
of the crop, and the jleld will probably be abund 
ant and the berries large. We cannot imagine 
how any one having a hundred square feet of 
spare ground should fall to raise strawberries. 
There la nothing difficult about their culture, 
and little that is uncertain. Tree fruits may 
utte rly fail but the berries can be depended on. 
A farmer can have no valid excuse for not grow¬ 
ing a family supply of thie luscious aud healthy 
fruit. Where room is plenty the best way is to 
plant in rows ; let them run together, and plow 
up after taking ote, or, at the most, two crops. 
A writer in the N. Y. Tribuue, dating from 
Southern Illinois, says he has grown strawber¬ 
ries ten years, and knows less about them now 
thau he thought he knew when he began. lie 
says it is a fact that the best cropB are frequently 
grown where the beds are but little cared for — 
overrun wltb weeds. When kept in hills they 
are apt to set more fruit than the plant is able 
to thoroughly mature. We do not consider 
these facte arguments in iavor of shiftless cul¬ 
ture, but they indicate that mulcbiDg, plenty of 
moisture, and thinning out the fruit-stalks on 
the bills, or supplying additional mauure after 
the berries are set, are necessary. Wo have no 
doubt but that strawberries cultivated iu hills 
should be supplied with manure iu liquid form 
after the fruit has set. 
Moisture is essential—it is the very life blood 
of the strawberry; this fruit is very sensitive to 
drouth, as its roots run near the surface. It 
would be a good plan to plant narrow bed6—say 
three feet wide—with shallow ditches between 
them, and at night till these ditches with water. 
In localities where water could be made to flow 
into them without mirch labor, such a system 
irould give very satisfactory results in dry sea 
sons. The ordinury method of sprinkling the 
plants with a common watering pot has little 
effect. 
FRUIT GROWING A DIFFICULT BUSINESS. 
The enemies of fruit are numerous, and they 
seem to increase and strengthen as each yeai 
passes. Time was when a few trees on a farm¬ 
er’s premises yielded his family a supply ol 
smooth, perfect, well-ripened apples; when the 
over-rlpe peach that parted from its stem and 
fell to the earth, would not be raised to the lip*, 
but the fairer, fresher one that clung to tin, 
bough ; when long rows of currant bushes hung 
down their branches, reddened with fruit, every 
year to the ground, aud no loathsome worm 
stripped off the foliage. It was easy for the 
farmer to grow fruit, id if the markets of that 
time had been as favorable as those of to-day, what 
wealth would have rewarded the fruit-growers I 
But as the demaud for fruit increased, aDd it was 
extensively grown, its enemies increased—the 
insect and the blight came—and to-day it is ouly 
by a constant struggle, and the most skillful und 
watchful care, that perfect fruit or an abundant 
yield of it gladdens and rewards 1 lie grower. 
California at present is in the same position 
with respect to insect enemies of fruit, that w* 
were iu the early stages of culture. The fruit¬ 
growers there are gathering their easiest har 
vests. But let them not flatter themselves that 
exemption will always be maintained. The) 
might bar out an iuvttding army, but what bar 
rler will they reur against the herds of crawling 
worms and flying insects ? 
It must be acknowledged that to grow fruit 
successfully and profitably in the Atlantic States 
is a difficult business. If fruit-growing and 
farming are combined it will demand the use ol 
far more capital and ltlbor tbau formerly. Tin- 
work in the orchard interferes with that on the 
farm. Hence to a great extent the two branches 
should be separated — at least the same amount 
of labor cannot be expected to answer for both. 
The farmer may be a fruit grower, as he ma> 
carry on any other outside business, but In 
should proportionally increase bis capital and 
labor. Should the farmer then grow fruit ? By 
all means — enough for family use aud 6ome for 
the market. But he should not expect this fruit 
to cost him nothing. Thorough culture, timely 
pruning, aud lighting insects will cost some' 
thing, and if these are neglected the result will 
be a failure. 
GRAPE CULTURE. 
In a late number of the Prairie Farmer was 
a communication from John Ashton, on tin- 
culture of the grape. He has been twenty years 
engaged in the business of grape growing and 
should be pretty well posted in reference to it. 
We quote the following: 
“ To grow grapes successfully for any purpose 
there must be a proper bed for the roots. I have 
seen grapes grown upon bog earth, and do well 
in dry seasons. I have eeeu them planted on 
rocks with scarce a foot of soil over them, and 
have known them to do well; and I have known 
them planted over a heavy bed of clay, but Dever 
knew them to succeed on the latter, when their 
roots got to the clay. When a soil too deep for 
them, allowed their roots to get too far from 
the utmosphere, it always produced a disease wt 
call “shanking,” in England. This disease 
shows itself in this form, viz: When the grapes 
are changing color, the foot stalk of the berries 
begin to shrivel up, and of course the fruit does 
not ripeu on*. * * * * * 
“ While out on the praries it struck me that 
the soil was too deep iu many places; and in 
your dry, hot summers the same fate would fol¬ 
low the vines in England. If 1 were planting 
vines on prairie land, I would take the same 
is best to plant well at the beginning rather than 
try to mend afterwards. 
“Vines will grow on almost any soil, bat to 
get good grapes is another thing. ViueB often ' 
fail for another reason, when planted, namely, 
letting little bits of wood, chips or sticks, get 1 
burled about tbelr roots. These form upon them i 
a white stringy fungxts, which finds its way 1 
among the root.-, and sood ruins them. I visit¬ 
ed Mr. MeradilIJs vineyard in Englund some ' 
months before I left, and 1 found he was very 1 
carelul about the matter that went to his bor¬ 
ders, not even allowing unrolled manure to be 
put ou them. He is the most successful vine- 
grower in that country. I saw about twenty- 
thousand vines all in the be6t of health; aud 
his success is mainly owing to lbs care of the 
roots. He uses oyster shells in large quanti¬ 
ties to mix with his soil, and rarely, if ever, 
mixes manure with it, but uses liquid manure 
instead during the growing season. I found 
this for four years to be the best” 
ORCHARD PRUHING. 
It U perhaps useless to mention t he subject 
of orchard pruniug in Hie face of other work 
now pressing on the at U ni ion of the farmer. 
We will state, however, that Downing recom¬ 
mends prucing upple trees “ a fortnight before 
midsummer,” while auother good authority, 
prefers “a week or fortnight after midsummer” 
for the same operation. 
The inference, from these opinions, is that 
rammer is the time to prune, but Uiatthe precise 
poiut of time when the walk should be done, is 
not of any great imporlauce. All the more 
prominent orchardists, however, decide in favor 
of summer pruning as being much more favor¬ 
able to the health and productiveness of the 
trees than the former practice of winter and 
spring pruning. 
HARBORING APPLE TREE WORMS. 
It is useless now, I know, to think of dispo¬ 
sing of so rnauy worms as are in our apple and 
peach orchards. The time to have dealt with 
them was from the middle of April to first of 
June. It is l-o bud that so much fruit as we 
had & prospect of having this year, should be 
destroyed by the neglect of 60 many (I am sorry 
to say) of our “shiftless" farmers. 
While traveling through other towns, as well 
as my owu, I noticed lhat many farmers have 
an uncommon good stock of these most “pre¬ 
cious" worms in their orchards. I have not 
been able to grow as good a stock as I might 
had 1 let them taken care of themselves and in- 
-tead of subetracting, as I occasionally did, al¬ 
lowed them to multiply in my or^iards. How¬ 
ever, the result pays me lor the little trouble 
und pains that 1 was to in the early part of the 
season. Soon after the worms’ nests begun to 
muke their appearance in the spring, I took my 
pull of liquid made of the setllnga of an old 
soap barrel, redoeid a little with water, und with 
i long rake-stale with a stout rag wound around 
and tied on the end, weut through my orchards 
uul examined every tree thoroughly ; aud every 
nest 1 found fed u good dose of my strong soup 
liquid hy dipping the rag into the pall ttudjuming 
if iuto the nest, using us little partiality aa pos¬ 
sible among them. 1 always selected a cold or 
wet morning, to be belter uble to secure them 
all In their nests. I always noticed the same 
nest never needed the second dose to cure them 
from eating any more foliage. 
I have about four hundred apple and peach 
trees and I only had to go through my orchards 
ihree times this spring, and now any one may 
have all the worms they Cftu find, and if I hav'nt, 
ttough my neighbors have that cau well be 
-pared. But the time to kill worms is in the 
early part of the season, before they leave their 
I nests. G. M. C. 
Gates, Monroe Co., N. Y. 
- ■ - ■ .. 
GRAPE HINT8. 
WORMS- WORMS - WORMS 
H. T. B. calls loudly and eloquently for more 
light on this subject. About these days he may 
notice them in the vicinity of the places where 
he locates those figures with many ciphers, even 
if not noted for po vers ol observation, traveling, 
crawling, as if iutiut on going somewhere, and 
that speedily. That somewhere is a secluded 
spot where, undisturbed, they may roll them¬ 
selves into a cocoon, three-fourths ol an inch in 
length and one-baif that, to thickness, fastened 
to any place that promises even a partial shelter 1 
from the elements. 
In a few weeks the birds will gather into the 
orchard in number*; besides those which usually 
are found there, the warblers and fly-catchers 
from the woods are here fluttering about the 
ends ot the branches, eagerly intent on securing 
their daily bread. They are feasting on a mil 
ler, scarcely a “ butterfly," hatched from that 
cocooned worm —said miller laying the egg 
that hatches the worm that raises the ire of U. 
T. B. 
Hay ropes wound about the trunks of the 
trees/or the worms to congregate under when 
they spin their cocooua, where many may he 
easily destroyed, are perhaps the best “deadly 
weapons ” to be used against them, next to H. 
T. B.'s grit. He who Is wanting in that will be 
quite likely to come off second best in the 
encounter. Politically, In view of the shaky 
condition of parties, it. may be assumed that the 
couveutlon that incorporates an nnti-tcnt-catcr- 
pillar plank in its platform, will unquestionably 
have the sympathy if not the votes of the rural 
districts. 8. 8. 
June, 1866. 
WINE TURNED INTO VINEGAR. 
Grapes coming iu bearing should not be per¬ 
mitted to perfect large crops of fruit while 
young. It is excusable to fruit a bunch or 60 
on a young vine, “just to test the kind," but no 
more should be permitted till the vine lias age 
and Btrcngtb. Vigorous growth, and great pro¬ 
ductiveness, arc ttie antipodes of the vegetable 
world. Encourage as much foliage as possible 
ou the vines, and aim to have as strong shoots 
at the base as at the top of the cane; this can 
oe done by pinching out the points of the strong 
shoots utter they have made a growth of live or 
six leaves. This will make the weak oues grow 
stronger, Young vines grow much faster over 
a twiggy branch, stuck in for support, thau over 
astraightstick as a trellis, and generally do bet¬ 
ter every way. Where extra flue bunches of 
grapes are desired, pinch back the shoot bearing 
it about four or five inches above the bunch. 
This should uat be done indiscriminately with 
all the buuchcs. Too much pinching aud stop¬ 
ping injures the production of good wood for 
the next season. 
These hints ate for amateurs, who have a few 
vines on trellises; for large vineyard culture, 
tuough the same principles hold good, so far aa 
they go, they will vary iu their application.— 
Gardeners' Monthly, 
Cabbage Growing. — “Cosmo” in Morris' 
Rural Advertiser, gives the following hint which 
may be of value to some of our readers: — “If 
you are going to put out plants in June and 
July, for winter cabbages, aud would like to 
keep clear of “club root,” and “head off" 
plant lice; for the first, dip the plants in bulk, 
in a bath of not very strong cold soap suds, 
made pretty thick with soot. Then, for the lit¬ 
tle blue pirates, go along your cabbage rows, 
say twice a month, with a rose-uozzled watering 
pot, giving each plant a shower bath of lime 
water, not so strong as to bite. It will make 
tremble with them that I would on English clay the bugs go and the cabbages grow, depend 
lands, feeling convinced from experience that it upon it.” 
Last year several wise men from the east, 
came to Philadelphia, aud bought up all the 
Linnaeus Rhubarb plants they could get at ten a 
dollars per hundred, and after taking them to 1 
Biughamton, Jersey City and other places, cut Ll 
them into little hits, and have scattered the c 
fragments widely over the country os wineplants 
at forty dollars per 100. Lately they returned 1 
here. Among the “ Dutch,” in Montgomery fl 
county, they gathered a rich harvest into their * 
garners,—hundreds of farmers there are at this 1 
moment who are “ down on book lamin’,” but 
who are In the holy hope of <0,000 per acre clear 
profit from their wine patches, from which pleas¬ 
ant dreams they will ustawnke until tkedoeease ( 
of all their hopes about this time uext. year. , 
Having well bled “the Dutch,” they went , 
dowu amongst the Quakers of Delaware and i 
Chester counties,—hut they fell iuto the hands i 
of the Philistines, and brought up in sadness iu 1 
the county jail ol Media. 
Three of the “wise men” of Binghamton 
were arrested for obtaining money under the 
false pretence of selling roots as “ wines plants,” 
knowing at the same tiroa that they were noth¬ 
ing but Rhubarb plants. After a hearing before 
the AldermuD, they were Lauded over to the au¬ 
thorities of Media “ to do with them as seemed 
good unto them.” When they get oat we fancy 
they will give Philadelphia “Quakers" a “wide 
berth," and go where “ book lurnin’" is at a 
heavy discount.— Gardener’s Monthly, 
- " 
THE LANSINGBUKG APPLE. 
This long keeper was shown at the recent 
meeting of the Ohio Pomological Society, at 
Columbus. The history of the fruit is involved 
in obscurity. The name would indicate its ori 
giu in Rensselaer county, N. Y.,^but it iB only 
found in a few western collections. 
The tree is exceedingly vigorous, hardy, 
healthy, and quite productive; form upright 
aud rather branching, making a thick top; 
young branches almost thorny. The fruit is 
of medium size, globular cylindrical, unequal 
or somewhat angular. The surface Is smooth, 
of a deep green, bronzed dull red, until ripe, 
when the ground color becomes a rich yellow, 
and the shading, which is seldom in stripes, 
assumes a brilliant carmine, making a fine con¬ 
trast, and presenting a very attractive appear¬ 
ance through the polished surface. Thu dots 
are gray and slightly indented; ou a light ground 
they appear black, and have green bases. The 
basin is abrupt, dec-p, and folded or plaited ; the 
eye small aud closed. The cavity is acute, Irreg¬ 
ular, rough smutchy, or russet; stem short, In¬ 
clined, knobby; core, small, rather open; seeds, 
numerous, large, brown; flesh, yellow, break¬ 
ing, firm, not very juley; sub acid, rich. March 
to June. 
This variety is valuable for its fine keeping 
qualities, and beautiful appearanse in the spring 
aud early summer, when it is very saleable at 
fancy prices. It sustains very little loss in keep¬ 
ing, as neither shrivels nor decays. — Ur. John 
A. Warder, in Ohio Farmer. 
FOREIGN VINTAGE OF 1865. 
The extreme licut which prevailed during the 
vintage, produced a curious result. The grapes 
being in general very ripe fermented iu the vats 
i with extraordinary rapidity. A great portion 
. of the saccharine matter had not time to be con. 
verted into alcohol, and in countries like Bur 
guudy, where wine growers do not leave the 
' wine very long In the vats, fearing it may become 
i hard and rough, the wine, on account of the 
f saccharine matter remaining lu it, will ferment 
i for a long time In the cask. These wines will 
> consequently require much care, not ouly from 
' the danger of excessive fermentation during their 
, transport while young, but even after they are 
, lodged la the consumer's cellar. The excess of 
- saccharine matter will render the wine liable to 
, ferment at every change of weather, and if the 
? cellar is not sufficiently cool the fermentation 
e may produce acidity. There is no doubt that 
e the wines of this year's growth are of excellent 
d quality, but they will require great attention 
before they arrive at maturity.—London Times. 
BLACK WARTS ON PLUM TREES. 
It is now 30 years since I set out plum trees 
in my garden; when they began to blossom, 
black warts began to grow, and in three or four 
years all were dead. After that I procured ten 
trees of a nurseryman and set them, and when 
they began to bear, black wurts made tbelr ap¬ 
pearance. Having seen an account in the Cul¬ 
tivator that iron turnings, if applied to the 
ground round the tree, would stop their growth, 
I tried them. I procured a quantity from a 
machine shop, applied about a quart to a tree, 
hoeing it in all round, two feet from the tree; 
at the same time, (it waa Spring) removed the 
black wart; I did not Bee any more, except two 
or three which I supposed escaped my notice at 
the time of the application, for more than 112 
years. The trees after bearing first rate, have 
mostly gone to decay, three only remaining. 
This last Autumn I discovered a few warts on 
one of the remaining trees. The account above 
alluded to said, if a few nails were driven lato 
the ground, it would unBwer the same purpose, 
— D. Fisher,- Boston Cultivator. 
■ ■ - ■ ■ — ■ 
TRAINING TREES. 
While we do not advise the commercial fruit 
grower to expend time in giving variety of form 
to his fruit trees by other thau the best practi¬ 
cal use of the knife, yet we do like occasionally 
to tee diversity of form produced by artificial 
methods, exhibiting skill aud control of plaut 
life iu grounds of amateurs. Trees iu fan shape 
bordering walks, with spreading flat tops, al¬ 
most umbrella forma, on law us, or some poiuts 
or places where space la a part of the scenery, 
and elevation not admissible. This month is a 
good time to traiu and tic the branches, juat be¬ 
fore or about the time of forming the terminal 
buds. Many sorts of trees, those especially of 
a straggling habit of growth, can he not only 
improved In forms, but their bearing surfaces 
often enlarged and increased or improved in 
character. 
Gardeners and amateurs can often, With a lit¬ 
tle labor and care, give additional interest and 
diversity to small extent of grounds by atten¬ 
tion to this item of fancy form in training 
trees.— Horticulturist. 
Horticultural Notes and Queries* 
Soap Suds for Robe Bushes'.—S eeing an inquiry 
lu the Rural ae to whether soap-anils are detrimen¬ 
tal to roue bushes, 1 thonRht 1 would give you a little 
of iny experience. I have about twenty varieties of 
roues, climbing and others, and have always prac¬ 
tised watering them with the Bod» from the wash, 
and have often heard the remark, “Why, how thriv¬ 
ing your roeee look; mine are all eaten up by the 
worms and bugs." 1 do not know to what elBe !o 
attribute It except the soap-Buds.—8. A. W uittleoky, 
i Clyde, June 8th. 
LEATHER WORK. | 
Having procured the leather suitable, (sheep L 
skius or pieces left by shoemakers from linings, * 
etc., will do,) it is necessary to have patterns of 
leaves, flowers, etc., to cut them by. Lay the 
leather flat on ft board and place the pattern* 
thereon, and with a pointed Instrument mark 
the shape of the leaf or flower, and with a 
sharp-pointed knife or scissors cut to proper 
shape. It la then wet in water and veined w ith a 
veiuing tool; a broken pen-kuife with the edge 
rounded off will do, using care not to press hard 
enough to cut the leather. The pieces are then 
stretched by folding or otherwise and shaped to 
as near the natural leaf or flower as possible, 
theu laid aaide to dry. Procure green shellac 
and dissolve in alcohol enough to make it 
sticky; add to till* ground burnt umber, with 
a trifle of Venetian red,—the exact quantity ia 
known by trial. With this color your leather by 
applying a sufficient number of coats to give it 
the desired shade. For grapes, take peas aud 
cover with leather strained over while wet, and 
twisting the ends together; after drying, cut the 
twisted end oil' close to the pea and glue a small 
piece of leather with a piece of fine wire insert¬ 
ed for a stem to it. For a vine, take a piece ol 
wire and cover with leather after wetting it and 
cutting in Btrlps. Procure a wood frame simi¬ 
larly made to the one described for cone work; 
have it made smooth and color It with the same 
you colored your leather; tack your leaves to 
the frame with small roundhead tacks, conceal¬ 
ing their heads. Some only put a vine with 
leave? at cl flowers around; but a richer frame is 
made by covering it entire with leaves and flow¬ 
ers, such as roses, dahlias, fuehsius, eallas, lilies, 
convolvulus, etc., etc. 8ome of these flowers 
are fastened with tacks; others by drawing the 
stem through holes bored in the frame. Rosts, 
and dahlias, etc., are made of several pieces, 
with a piece of leather string drawn through 
their centers for stems, etc. After the leathers 
are all fastened to the frame, a good coat of tine 
furniture varnish is applied with, a soft brush, 
and it is done. Should “ Enquirer” desire I will 
send patterns of leaves, flowers, etc., suitable 
for frame, by addressing me, with three or four 
red stamps to pay postage, etc. Enquirer foe 
cone work can have samples on same terms. B 
do not take this way to advertise any ware*, for< 
I have nouc to sell or dispose of; itl*ouly to 
give information where desired. 
South Windsor, Conn. Wa. IT. White. 
Graces.— Grape* are now blossoming. The period 1 
is somewhat late tn the season, nud we apprehend | 
the weather haa not, thus lar. been very favorable for ( 
this fruit. Jn Western N. Y. tbero have been Into 
frosts, cold nights nud days, The next two montlj* 
will have to be pretty hot to bring the thermometer 
to an average of sixty-seven degree* through the 
grtipe reason, which degree of heat i* said to be essen 
tial to the production of good wine. Wine cannot be 
produced everywhere, and wo believe there are but 
very few locations in this State that will grow grape* 
capable of making wine. 
A Hint about Tomatoes. — It is very desirable 
to grow this fruit In abundance for family uic anil 
ripen it curly in the season. Hence the plants should 
be started iu the house, and it Is said that a large 
turnip hollowed out so as ro hold a quart of dirt la 
the best pot to start the plantain. The turnip may 
beset in the ground when the proper time arrives. 
As the turnip decays it furnishes food to the tomato 
plant, and the roots of the latter are not destroyed 
by being shifted as would bo necessary if planted iu 
ft pot. 
Rinoino to Grow La rob Fruit.— This operation 
may be effectually performed by twiBting a wire 
tightly around the branch bet ween the fruit and main 
limb. Ringing is frequently done accidentally in 
IU the vineyard in lying tip the vines. We have often 
noticed its effect in the Increased size of the hunches 
of grapes. ThiB operation may be resoited to to grat¬ 
ify curiosity, and produce large specimen fruit, altho’ 
It la not allowable to exhibit such without proper ex¬ 
planations, and It is likewise considered to have 
inferior flavor. 
Seeds of Trees. —Seed should always be taken 
Rom trees in full vigor, and that have no disease 
about them, it is stated, to show the importance of 
tbi* rule, lhat on some estates in Scotland, planted 
with forests of larches, crops of limber worth one 
hundred thousand dollars have been ruined by a dis¬ 
ease called dry-rot. It was discovered to have resulted 
from having plained the seed of unhealthy trees, 
while seed procured from the Swiss forests produced 
trees that remained in perfect health, 
A Grape Vine Exemt.— A friend and fruit grower 
haB his grape vine leaves Infested with a slug, or 
worm, about half an inch long, and of a dark brown 
color. * It Is about the diameter of the ordinary wire- 
worm. Several are found on one leaf, and they eat 
ont the substance between the veins, and cause the 
leaf to look brown and dead, as if scorched by Are. 
They are numerous on his vines. Have other grape- 
growers noticed themf 
Lemon and Orange Trees.— Will some of your 
readers who are acquainted with the method of treat¬ 
ing Lemon and Orange trees, to make them pro¬ 
ductive, give It through the columns of the Rural? 
I am told that there is a particular method of graft¬ 
ing to make them bear fruit tn this northern eiimate. 
—O. A. Wooster. 
Plant Cabbages.— Plant ad yon can. If you do 
not eat them the cows will, fl fl d P ft y f° r them in milk. 
Hoe the crop often; the morning is the be*t time. 
Sow Halt over the ground and let some fall on the 
plants. Two or three dressings will be beneficial. 
_ _ 
To Kill Ants c*n Peonies.— Tn the Rural of Jmr e 
9th, Kate asks " hat will kill ants on peonies. 8o«k 
tobacco In warm water; when cold apply to the 
peony a few times, and the ants will disappear.— Mrs. 
C. J. R., Sterling, III. 
ORIGINAL RECIPES, INQUIRIES, &c. 
Hop Yeast. — In answer to an inquiry of 
June 16th for making hop yeast, I will give you 
tny way, which ntyself and neighbors tbluk 
"can't be beat." Take four middle sized pota¬ 
toes, pare and put in a kettle with nearly a quart 
of water. Tie up two handfuls of hops in a 
cloth and put in with the potatoes to boil; then 
take in a pan, four large spoons of flour aud 
Btir together with a halt leaeup of molasses and 
one tablespoon »f ginger, also add a little salt. 
Mash yonr potatoes soft, stir all together; when 
cool enough add one-lialf teacup of yeast. When 
done rising cork It up tight and set It in the 
cellar. 
For Making Hop Ykabt Bread. — For my 
family, which consists of only three, I take three- 
largo potatoes, pare and boil them. Mash them 
soft, then stir in the water in which they were 
boiled. Flour enough for two quarts of batter, 
thick as pancakes, also add the potatoes and salt. 
When cool enough, add three large spoonful* of 
yeast. Set in a warm place to rise. I always, 
set my sponge at night, it is then ready to he 
mixed in the morning. Then after rising the 
second time, mould it into loaves. Let it rise 
the third time, and it is then ready for the oven, 
which muist be very hot at first. — L. Waring, 
Texas, Mich. _ 
Graham Bread.—' Take salt rising one pint, 
one tablespooufnl of sugar or molasses, enough 
unbolted flour to make a two quart bncln half 
full, a little salt; wet with water or milk, stir 
as Btiff as yon can with a large spoon; let it rise 
until your dish is full. Bake one hour. When 
done, cover it up in the dish and let it strain. 
It is good; try it. If yon wish to make it extra 
add one egg and one tablespoonful of melted 
butter. When dry steam it iu the loaf, aud It ifl- 
as good as new.— Mrs. O. W. Brown. 
Cleaning White Kid Gloves. — Will some 
of the readers of the Rural please give me a 
recipe for cleaning white kid gloves? ana oblige 
—Mrs. D. 8 . H., IT*. 
PRESERVING FRUITS BY CANNING; 
We are glad the practice of canning fruits 
coming into such general nse, over the old 
method of making preserves of them. Canning 
has many advantages, among which are, —It i» 
more simple and easily performed, is cheaper 
and healthier, and many good fruits, such aa 
pie-plant and currants, can be kept in this man¬ 
ner, which make very Indifferent preserves. 
Besides, fruits are far more palatable in their 
fresh, natural stale, aa they can be kept by can¬ 
ning, than if compounded with sugar. The 
process of canning la easily practiced, there ia 
no mystery connected with It, and wo would 
urge upon every household the importance of 
canning up as great a variety of vegetables und 
fruits a* possible. Begin with rhubarb. Pre¬ 
pare It as if for cooking, scald it and put it iuto 
common bottles, put Jn the corks whUe they are 
hot, put on some sealing wax, dip a little cold 
water upon the wax so as to prevent the air 
from forcing Its way down through the melted 
wax through some crevice in the cork, and the 
work is done. Maple sirup can be kept sweet 
through the summer by simply putting it uy in 
sealed bottles, after flrst expelling the air as in 
canning fruits.— Maine Farmer. 
I 
