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IIIIK 
SOILINQ STOCK. bo made in the same compass. It occupies only 
- four feet square of room. The free revolutions 
Some farmers object to the practice of soiling of the shelves allow the pans of milk to be 
their dairy stock in consequence of the trouble easily inserted or removed. The frame is such 
involved in the operation. By the pasturing that, it can readily be covered with a cloth or 
process, the cattle go to the field and cut their gauze covering, which will effectually exclude 
own feed and eat it. When they have enough insects and dirt. It has been demonstrated that 
they lie down and ruminate till called to the milk will keep from three to tour hours longer 
milking yard to render back, to the owner, pay- 0 n this stand than on 6helve6—a very important 
ment for their day’s keeping. In this way they item. The stand Is appreciated at sight, and is 
are said to earn their living while paying at- highly approved hy those having it iu use.” 
night and morning for the privelege of doing it. This stand was exhibited at. the State Sheep 
Whereas, by the soiling process, they do noth- p a i r j n May last, and an examination of it at 
ing but eat, throwing the burden of labor upon that time satisfied us in regard to its utility — 
the owner. hence wo have no hesitation in expressing the 
This is oneway of stating the case, hut is it opinion that it will he found a valuable impiove- 
strictly true in all of its relations? It i9 uu- ment. Many intelligent and competent judges 
doubtedly easier to drive cows to pasture and 
bring them thence than to cut food for, and carry 
it to the barn or herd house for distribution; 
yet the question really is, not which Is easiest, 
hut which pays the best ? In the pasturing pro¬ 
cess there 13 a great amount of grass which is 
trodden down, or supposed to he 60 , drying and 
rotting where it. grew, without yielding any per¬ 
ceptible support to the soil from which Its nu¬ 
triment and growth were drawn. The droppings 
of the stock are scattered here and there, over a 
great extent of surface, exposed to the action of 
the elements hy which nine-tenths of their lcr- 
01 izing properties arc lost to that lrorn which 
will they wore derived. This is what makes poor 
, C es- farms and unthrifty farmers, 
sue- By the soiling process the cattle, if properly 
nee, provided, for, receive their food at stated seasons 
ESTABLISHED IN 1S50 
MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
AX blUGIN'AL WEEKLY 
RURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
COIVD1TCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE, 
With a Corps of Able Assistants and Contributors, 
HENRY S. RANDALL, LL, D., 
Editor of the Department of Sheep Husbandry, 
HON. T. C. PETERS, 
Late Pres't N. Y. State Ag. Sec’y, Southern Cor. Editor. 
Fob Terms and other particulars see last page, 
mb. blood’s ham 
DON 1‘JIDItO, JK 
DESTROY THE WEEDS AND BUSHES, 
a more desirable fish for the table, and of more 
rapid growth. They require, however, more 
care and better water. Water for ponds should 
never be supplied through lead pipes. It is sure 
to kill the fish. The supply for the ponds 
should, however, be kept, under control; other¬ 
wise a rise in the st ream from heavy' rains might 
cause an overflow of the banks of the ponds. 
The outlet should be sufficiently bqow the 
ground to prevent being uffected by frost. 
I should lie happy to show you at any time my 
mode, and to give y'ou my experience. I am, 
however, as vet but a beginner in the science of 
ARTIFICIAL BASS BREEDING 
cabana. But they never went out of the cabana 
for better animals. They never went to work 
vigorously to improve u defect by pairing de¬ 
fective animals only with those which were 
superior In the same particular. They did not 
learn what were comparatively defects, and what 
points were susceptible of Improvement, by 
reflection, by experiment and by a close study 
and comparison oi all the best flocks of the 
country. The old traditional form and qualities 
of each cabana were those esteemed by the igno¬ 
rant, prejudiced and innovation-hating Span¬ 
iards. They sought to prevent changes, rather 
than to make them, in any direction. 
The Americau breeder traveled In the same 
rut for a time. At length the traditional land¬ 
marks fell, and a keen spirit ol Improvement 
rapidly developed itself. The result we know. 
The Spanish Merino has been changed and mani¬ 
festly Improved in almost every particular,— 
fashioned into a sheep which for American wants 
ami objects has no equal in the world. 
We come now to the answer to the first ques¬ 
tion. It is improvement that has contributed to 
increase disparity. One man ba3 unproved more 
than another on the same stock, and therefore 
their flocks differ In appearance. And improve¬ 
ment accounts for disparity in the satmjlock. The 
sheep dropped in in 3 rapidly improving 
flock, are. considerably inferior to those dropped 
in 1860, yet they may be too valuable to be 
ejected from the flock. There is, therefore, a 
necessary disparity between the drop of I860 and 
1S60, proportioned to the amount of the im¬ 
provement which has been made within that 
time. The drop of Intermediate years will nat- 
urully occupy intermediate positions, and here 
is reason for more disparity. 
We go a step farther. Suppose there is in 
i the drop of 1806 a remarkably superior ram, in 
which all the Improvements already made in the 
r rest of the flock culminate, or are surpassed. 
• Between this ram and the least valuable ewes of 
! the drop of 1800 there Is a very marked differ- 
i ence in general quality—and especially in the 
i improved points. Though of the same purity 
, of blood, ami Of the same identical family blood, 
l they have to all intents and purposes become, 
- for breeding purposes, different sub-families. 
t o no represents a comparatively unimproved and 
EDITED BY IIENRY 8. HAND ALL. LL. D. 
To CoujticspoNDKXTS.—Mr. Randall's address Is Cort¬ 
land Village, Cortland Co., X. Y. AH communications 
intended for this Department, and nil Inquiries relating 
to sheep, should bo addressed to him as above. 
than It will carry, will probably give the cold 
shoulder to the soiling process, but, to such as 
are restricted in this respect and wish to make 
every foot of laud tell, to the best advantage, it 
offers inducements which it would be unwise to 
disregard. 
MR. BLOOD’S MERINO SHEEP 
year I bail about 25 or 30 “nests.” In about 
four weeks the eggs would hatch and the male 
would continue to care for the yeuug fish until 
they were about two inches long, when (If not 
removed) they would proceed to devour them. 
I therefore, with a large, coarse, mesh net , drag 
the pond, taking out, the large fish, leaving the 
small ones, and putting t he large fish in another 
pond. I prefer small ponds as the fi sh are more 
easily separated, but If I had large ponds cover¬ 
ing several aeres, that I could secure, I should 
9 tock them, keeping wy small ponds for breeding. 
You will notice that what is termed “ frog 
Bpittle” will not grow in the ponds where the 
large bass are, as.they feed upon It, us it starts 
from the bottom of the pond ; but after removing 
the large fish you will perceive it grows very rap¬ 
idly. On no account attempt to remove it, as 
of Orwell, Vt. He was got by Joseiti Shel¬ 
don's Don Pedro, dam bred by Messrs. Riun of 
Vermont. Don Pedro, bredby Victor Wright, 
was got by Cross Tom, he by 8weepstakes. The 
dam of Don Pedro was a first class ewe bred by 
Wm. It. Sanford. Don Pedro, Jr., has sheared 
21>£ pounds of wool, of one year’s growth, on 
very moderate keep. He has proved himself a 
good sire ram, getting quite a number of ewe 
tegs that sheared from 10 to 12 >a pounds of 
washed wool, and ram tegs that sheared from 12 
to P? pounds. I have about -10 breeding ewes, 
selected by myself from some of the best flocks 
In Vermont,— some Paolare, some Inl'antados, 
and some crosses between the two. I have not 
been tenacious about the family of the sheep, 
provided they were good, pure blood animals.” 
the little bass want It, not only for nutriment 
but for shade from the sun in the hot days of 
July and August. 
As to feed the first year, the little basB want 
no other nourishment than what is furnished by 
the “ frog spittle,” and the almost impercepti¬ 
ble insects floating in the water, and the anirnal- 
culic. The large fish require live food—that is, 
little minnows, worms, frogs, etc. They will eat 
liver, but I have never known them to eat beef. 
The bass become very tame and will take their 
food from the hand when presented alive. 
It is only necessary to feed once or twice a 
week, and that only during the spring and sum¬ 
mer months, 
WANT OF UNIFORMITY IN FULL BLOOD 
IMPROVED MERINOS. 
We have been asked several times to explain 
a want of uniformity In full blood and improved 
flocks of American Merinos,—it being claimed 
ML 0>V, A. 
In October they will refuse to 
take any food, and as cold weather comes they 
will disappear iato the mad, where they will He 
torpidly till the warm weather of the spring. 
Of course 1 do not wish to be understood that 
feeding them oftener than once or twice a week 
will do any harm; on the contrary you cannot 
feed too much—but they will thrive on short ra¬ 
tions. 1 have one bass I call “ Old Jake.” He 
will weigh, I should judge, 7 or 8 pounds. I 
have seen him take from the bands of the hoy 
eight medium sized frogs, swallowing them 
whole, and then when a pail full of minn ow's were 
thrown in, to fight for his share, which he would 
devour as greedily as though he had had nothing 
to eat for a month. 
I intend this spring to build another pond 
about 120 feet long by 50 or 60 wide. I have 
commenced raising trout, and so far I am in¬ 
clined to think more favorably of it than bass, 
thus showing that the stand will but will probably cultivate both. My preference 
IMPROVED PATENT MILK STAND 
Orn engraving represents an Improved Milk 
Stand which was patented In March last by D. 
B. Stcrdevant, of Clifton Springs, Ontario Co., 
N. Y., anil is now being manufactured and Intro¬ 
duced to the public. The owners of the patent 
claim that this Is the most important arrangement 
ever presented to the farmer for sustaining pans 
of milk and other articles. They say—“ Great 
difficulty has heretofore been experienced in set¬ 
ting milk properly, so that the cream will rise at 
all seasons of the year. This stand is made 
portable, Boas to be easily put together or taken 
i apart, which can be accomplished In five or ten 
minutes. The shelves are made in skeleton 
vidual breeders ? Devon cattle and South Down 
sheep are, according to accepted tradition, jnire, 
original breeds. Are even they “as like as peas ? ” 
The Spanish Merino boasts a pedigree to which 
all the preceding are “ as the gourd compared 
with the cedar.” The writers who observed 
them at the opening of the present ceDtury, do 
indeed claim that in the cabanas, or flocks, they 
exhibited a marvellous uniformity. But we sus¬ 
pect there never was a flock in Spain in which a 
good judge could not readily find sheep consid- 
