A FINE FRUIT FARM - NAUMKEAG 
ORCHARD. 
In company with several gentlemen of 
this city we recently had the pleasure of 
vieiting and examining one «f the beat ar¬ 
ranged and largest fruit farms in this region. 
It is located at Holley, Orleans Co., N. 
Y., about, a mile southwest of the depot, 
on the^Niagara Falls branch of the Cen¬ 
tral Railroad. The farm is owned by 
JosEi-u W. SnuGCE, Esq., of St. Louis, 
Mo., and conducted by Mr. John D. 
Hills, It is 
WISCONSIN FRUIT ITEMS. 
Strawberries. — The Triomphe de Gand 
bears no fra it in this locality. It seems hardy 
and bears our winters fairly—blossoms and sets 
its fruit, but never tills out, 6eetning to dry and 
wither lip when the Wilson gives a good crop. 
I started a bed three years ago with one hundred 
plants, from Hooker’s Nursery, at Rochester, 
but have not picked a pint, of fruit In tbe three 
years. The Tribune Prize Strawberries grow 
vigorously, seem to be hardy, and bear a fair 
crop. They do not compare for prolilicnesa 
with the Wilaou; quality of the fruit, about the 
same, I have two varieties — at least what was 
sent here as different varieties—but they appear 
to me to be identical. They bear their fruit on 
tall, erect flower stems that keep them well up 
out of the dirt. 
A variety originated in this State, called the 
Wisconsin Seedling, Is a vigorous, large, thrifty 
plant and seems hardy. The fruit is large and 
of fair quality. I have not had sufficient expe¬ 
rience to speak of its hearing qualities. 
Qtjinces,—F our years since I purchased three 
trees of the Apple Quince. I have protected 
them every year by boxes and tilling in of earth 
to cover body and branches. Every spring they 
came out fresh and green, except the last. Then 
I found the limbs all spoiled. The bodies were 
fresh and green and have thrown out new shoots. 
I think the late continued warm weather wo 
had the fall previous sturted the sap to circula¬ 
ting and had something to do with the winter- 
killing. Some apple trecB started a second fall 
growth and died the past winter —kinds that 
were previously hardy. After this I think I shall 
try a different way to raise quinces, viz: Set out 
the ground to strawberries, or raspberries, soil 
the fruit thereof and raise the quinces with the 
money—in the Milwaukee market. 
Dwarf Apfjc.ES.—T hree years ago I set out 
two dozen tine vigorous dwarf apples. The first 
and only fruit received was one solitary specimen 
this season. Roth last aud this season I received 
fruit, from standard apple trees set at the same 
time and on the same ground. Treatment of 
both alike. The dwarfs 6eem to be half dead 
and half alive. They do not act as if they meant, 
to do anything. I had full faith that they would 
succeed well here, but serious doubts now haunt 
my mind. 
Plums.—A plum tree that stands by the house 
where the inmates are passing and repassing 
several times a day has a fine load of fruit and 
is quite free from enrculio stings. Several doz¬ 
en other trees the “ little Turk” has made Borry 
work with. Hardly a plum to be found without 
several punctures. 
Cherries. —1 have tried a number of kinds of 
standard cherries that Ellwangkr & Barry 
thought would *be most likely to succeed here, 
but all have proved failures. I have four or live 
dwarfs that seem to be healthy and vigorous,— 
two Early Richmond and one Plum Stone Mor- 
rella are among the number. 
L. L. Fairchild. 
Rolling Pruirle, Wis., Sept., 1666. 
HARVESTING THE APPLE CROP, 
emphatically a fruit farm, 
f° r °f the 100 acres It cotnprses, 85 are 
HI? planted with fruit trees. The farm Is in a 
fine fruit, growing section and beautifully 
tfs? located—the inclination to the south be- 
> iug advantageous, and such as to give a 
V fine view of the whole orchard (which Is 
in one body) in passing along the road on 
the south side. .Mr. Spraqub has named 
his lruitcry Naumkeag Orchard—from the 
good old Indian name of his native place in 
Connecticut. 
The orchard is young, and only a part of it 
has yet fruited, it was commenced in 1SG2, 
since which the following varieties and numbers 
offerees have been planted : 
Peaches.31 varieties 
Apples . ,..15 “ 
Dwarf Pears.. , 27 “ 
Standard.11 “ 
Quinces. 3 “ 
Cherries. 6 “ 
Total.96 9 ( i26 
Of the above upwards of 8.000 are now well 
established and in good condition. About ”0 
per ceut. of the peaches were killed, mainly 
during the winter of 1864-5, by freezing after 
excessive rains. Full *25 per cent, of the quinces 
failed the first, season alter planting. About 10 
per cent of the standard pears have died from 
different causes. Of the apples and dwarf pears 
the loss has hardly exceeded one per cent. 
Leading Varieties Planted, —As It will be inter¬ 
esting to inaDy of our readers to know the princi¬ 
pal varieties of fruits planted, we will name them 
in this connection. Of Peaches there were plant¬ 
ed ^of Crawford'sJEarly, 1,8.10 trees; Hale’s 
Early, 492; Early York, 415; Old Mixon Free, 
264; Crawford's Late, 250; and over 100 each of 
Red Cheek Melacuton, Morris White and 'Coot- 
edge’s Favorite.® Apple*— Baldwin, 1,043; Rox- 
bury Russet, 530; R. I. Greening, 380; Twenty 
Ounce, 220; Esopus Spitzenberg, 180; King, 
131; Newtown Pippin, 108; Lady Apple, 90. Of 
Dwarf Ran the leading varieties are Duchess 
d’Angouleme and Louise Bonne dc Jersey, of 
each of which 300 were planted. Of Standard 
Ran the principal varieties are Bartlett, Reckel, 
Flemish Beauty, Sheldon and Lawrence, trainees 
—Orange, 350; Rea’s Mammoth, 46; Angers, 30. 
Plan of Planting .—Apple trees are planted, 
over nearly the whole orchard, according to the 
rectangular system, 40 feet apart. Where the 
ground is sufficiently elevated to shed the water 
freely, peach trees are planted between the apple 
trees, 20 feet apart, thus giving 27 apple trees 
and 81 peach trees to the acre. By the time the 
apple trees are sufficiently large to encroach 
upon the peach trecB, the latter will have passed 
their maturity, and can be removed. 
many bruises, and of course dealers complain 
that the fruit won’t keep. In the more famous 
apple-growing districts it is the custom for the 
buyers to furnish the farmers barrels, pay a stip¬ 
ulated price for the fruit j»er package, and have 
it put up in the orchard. There is usually but 
one grade established, and that has so wide a 
range as to admit the bulk of every crop at the 
same price, when, as commonly happens, there 
is sharp competition for the fruit.'ATberesult of 
this system is that the reputation of the locality 
for producing fine fruit tends more to fix the 
price than the fruit-grower.’s efforts to have his 
individual crop in peifect order. The rejected 
apples go to the cider-mill. The buyer generally 
wants a certain number of barrels. he aims to 
have the average quality as good as possible, 
but, with the exception of having to cull out a 
few more cider apples, the owner o*f an inferior 
crop ofthe same varieties and quantity receives 
as much as the owner of a superior crop. We 
believe it would be [ultimately better lor the 
producer and consumer if more discrimination 
were made in the erodes, having always two and 
perhaps three qualities of each variety, and pay¬ 
ing different prices therefor. Theu each pro¬ 
ducer would receive according to the merits of 
his crop, and the consumer would get a good 
article if he paid for one. And it would, like¬ 
wise, be of advantage to the fruit grower aDd 
the dealer respectively to have the farmer put 
up his fruit in his own barrels and theu sell it In 
the market for what an inspection proves it to 
be worth. As It Is now seasonable we will offer 
some suggestions regarding the handling and 
packing of this important crop. 
We will pass by the summer and fall varieties 
of apples, which, of necessity, must be picked 
and consumed early. It is to the hardy and 
long keeping varieties that we look for our win¬ 
ter’s supply and spring fruit. The proper time 
of pickiog these is just pefore the period of 
autumn frosts. A severe frost not only weakens 
the power of the fruit to withstand decay, but 
it also ultimately deteriorates its quality. Cool 
weather is most favorable, but it should invaria- 
! "My be dry. Neither dew nor rain should moisten 
the apples when picked. It Is a common prac- 
t tice to pile the fruit in the orchard, if not imme¬ 
diately barreled. But with the view of keeping 
the fruit a long time, such a course should not 
be followed unless a shelter is erected over the 
T piles to keep off the rain and hot sunshine. 
After the trait is picked It should not be exposed 
to the sun or wet. Neither should it be piled 
I' on the ground — at least a thick layer of clean, 
bright straw ought to be placed underneath the 
pile. Deep piles should likewise be avoided, and 
it is hardly necessary to Intimate that careful 
handling should be strictly observed in every 
stage of the process of preparing the fruit for 
' market. The fruit-grower should aim to keep 
his apples cool, dry, and unbrulsed. 
When one apple rots la the barrel it induces 
decay in others surrounding. It Is important 
then in barreling to permit only perfect fruit to 
go into the first grade. No specimens that are 
likely to decay soon should be placed there. 
And as it is to command the highest price noth¬ 
ing but first class fruit in every respect should be 
admitted. No wormy, one-sided, knotty, bruised 
or under sized apples should be put in. Handle 
the fruit very carefully. Shake tbe barrel gently 
as it is filled, and finally press the head in with a 
screw or well adjusted lever, with force enough 
to prevent tbe apples from moving when tbe 
barrel is transported, but not with force suffi¬ 
cient to break the skin or bruise the llesh of any 
of the fruit. If it were not for the necessity of 
packing the fruit so tight to prevent its shack¬ 
ing when the barrel is moved about it would be 
much better uot to press tbe apples at all. The 
reckless manner in which apples are now pressed 
into their packages is one prolific cause of their 
v y premature decay. The interior grades that are 
, barreled should be handled in the same careful 
I manner. 
The apples should be stored in the coolest 
plac^at command where they will not freeze, or 
be subject to very sudden changes of tempera¬ 
ture. Place the barrels on their sides; keep 
I them dry, cool, and in the dark. The apple crop 
by far the most important fruit product of 
lour country, and we believe the producers would 
receive a great deal more money, and the con¬ 
sumer be better satisfied with his purchase, If 
more care and skill were used in preparing it for 
market. 
4.066 trees, 
3,235 “ 
1,143 “ 
241 “ 
426 “ 
PARROT TULIP, 
DOUBLE JONQUILS, 
single jonquils, 
THE TULIP 
Horticultural Notes and Queries 
This brilliant and gorgeous flower—of the 
bulb family — has beeu a universal favorite with 
amateurs and florists for ages. Nothing in the 
floral world can exceed the show of a well grown 
bed of superior Tulips. A good garden soil 
answers every requirement, but if the soil be 
very poor, leaf mold or rotted sods may be ap¬ 
plied. By a careful selection a fine display may 
be kept up for more than two months. We give 
a fine illustration, taken from Vick’s Catalogue, 
of the Parrot Tulij), one of the most brilliant 
varieties. The artist has sketched some double 
and single Jonquils in the space below the Tulip 
blossom, to give more spirit to the picture. 
Pulling Leaves prom Grape Vines.— Some per¬ 
sons, near the close of the growing season, pick the 
large grape leaves from the vines for the purpose of 
facilitating the ripening of the fruit by letting in the 
sun. This is objected to by others for the reason 
that shade Is grateful and necessary to tho protection 
Of the clustering bunches of fruit concealed under 
the drapery of the vine. This wo hellovo to be true, 
whatever is said in lavor of the practice of denuding 
tha maturing grape of the shields with which nature 
has provided it. An experiment, in ft small way, may 
bo noted as an illustration. There were two vines in 
a small yard of the same variety; one was treated to 
tho leaf trimming process for the purpose of facilita¬ 
ting the ripening or the fruit. Tho other committed 
to the course of nature. In other words, was let, alone. 
The" first or trimmed vine, remained pretty much ns 
it was when the operation was performed and per¬ 
fected no grapes. The second produced a full yield 
of perfected clusters at the termination of the grape 
season. What caused this difference ? Was it over 
pruning or was it not ? 
Where the 
ground is lower, and the drainage uot quito so 
complete, in the center of every four apple trees 
another tree of smaller habit of growth is plant¬ 
ed. r This tree is 20 feet, distant from the other 
rows of trees, but has no tree nearer to it than 
38 feet, that being tho diagonal distance. This 
gives 54 apple trees to the aero. The standard 
pears are planted in a block aud aro 20 feet 
apart, with dwarf pear trees planted between 
them 10 feet apart, giving 109 standards and 327 
dwarfs to the acre. One bloek consists of dwarf 
pears exclusively, planted 10 feet apart. Quinces 
are planted in blocks by themselves, 10 feet 
apart. Cherries are 20 feet apart. All the spaces 
being either 40, 20, or 10 feet, and carefully 
measured, tho result is that the trees range per¬ 
fectly In every possible direction, through the 
whole orchard. 
Plan, of Vultivatim. — During the first three 
years the orchard was planted exclusively to 
hoed crops, or summer fallowed, and the pro¬ 
ducts of tho soil were mainly sold. This plan, 
though giving to the young trecB a fine Bturt, 
having proved rather expensive, and tending to 
exhaust the soil, was changed last spring for the 
following one, which is now being carried out. 
The orchard was sowed to oats and seeded 
down with clover, except in the pear and 
quince blocks, where hoed crops will still 
be raised, or the ground summer-fallowed. 
Around every tree a space from four to six feet 
in diameter is kept well spaded. Just enough 
hoed crops, root crops, and buckwheat will be 
raised in the orchard, to supply the stock on the 
farm ; the balance will be kept In clover, except 
as this is occasionally turned under to enrich 
the soil. All the crops raised on the larra and 
orchard, except fruit, will be consumed on the 
premises, mainly by sheep, thus returning to 
the soil from their manure all that has been taken 
from it. Arrangements have been made to intro¬ 
duce this fall some pure blood Spanish Merinos, 
with bucks descended from the Hammond stock. 
The summer pasturage will be so arranged, by 
means of a partial folding, as to secure a con¬ 
siderable additional amount of manure to apply 
on the orchard. 
MOTHER’S RECIPES - PRACTICAL AND PRACTICABLE. 
Mangoes.— Select the old fashioned muskmel- 
ons, green and small, not gtft\ immerse them lor 
a few days in salt and water, then open andjre- 
move the seeds, and fill the epace'with cinna¬ 
mon, mace, mustard-seed, small roots of horse¬ 
radish, and very small cucumbers. Secure them 
byjscwing or tying with a cord. Scald the vin¬ 
egar and pour on hot; let them remain a few 
weeks before nsing, and you will find a delicious 
pickle for the winter or spring. 
Baked Flour Pudding.— Take three pints or 
two quarts of milk; scald to nearly boiling heat, 
and;jhave six table-spoonsful of nicely sifted 
Hour, braided as for starch, with a little cold 
milk. Turn the scalding milk ou this, carefully 
stirring to prevent its settling. Beat three eggs 
and add, with sugar to the taste, aDd a small 
piece of butter, and a little salt. Care must bo 
taken uot to let It over-do. Grate on nutmeg 
before serving. 
Cocoa NUT Pudding.— Secure a fresh cocoa- 
nut; remove the shell and the brown skin, 
grate the nut, turn on two quarts of scalding 
milk, with a little salt; (a table-spoonful of 
Hour may be stirred in the milk.) Three eggs, 
and sugar to the taste, and a 6mall piece of but¬ 
ter. Be carful not to over-bake.— Yankee, 
Dural Ujjke. 
FRUITS. &c., IN NEW YORK MARKET, 
The following arc the prices of Fruits, Vege¬ 
tables, &c., in the New York market, for the 
week ending September 13: 
Fruits.—F ruits of all kinds have been higher 
the past week. Our quotations are the market 
for to-day, only as prices vary from day to day, 
according to the supply and demand; 
Apples, Sweet. ft Lbl. $ 3 00® 100 
Apples, fall Pippins, bbl.. i 00 o 5 CO 
Apple's, Greenings, V' libl. 3 00® I 00 
Pears, Virgallm, ft bbl.10 Oil® 12 Of) 
Pears, Suckle, ft bbl. 10 1X1(5,12 CO 
Common Pears, V !,bl. 3 00 m 5 00 
Pears, Bartlett, ft bbl . . . 12 00® 15 00 
Peaches, Delaware. V basket. 3 f0® I GO 
water Melons, ft 300. 10 00®iR oo 
Must Melons, ft bbl.. .5(1® 2 00 
Delaware Grape*. ft m ... 20® 25 
Isabella Grapes, ft tr,. 12 © in 
Grapes. Concord, V t». 12® 20 
Plums, Blue Gages, ft basket. 2 75® a 00 
Plums, 6MM Game*. ft basket.... 3 00® 3 W 
Plums, Damson, ft basket. 2 50® .) 00 
Dried Fruits,—D ried Apples are coming 
forward freely from the South, and prices are 
lower. Some few lots of Peaches aud Cherries 
have arrived, hut prices are as yet nominal. 
Dried Apples, New State A Ohio ft ft. —® — 
Peaches, New Southern, ft ft. 28® 29 
Apples, Southern r' ft. —® H 
Peaches, unpeeled, halves, V ft. 20 ® 22 
Peaches, impeded, quarters, ft ft-. 16 ® 17 
Cherries, pitted, V ft. —® — 
Blackberries. * ft... 2 $@ 29 
Raspberries, ft ft. —® — 
Plains, H ».. —® _ 
Vegetables.—P otatoes are in good supply, 
and duB at last week’s prices. Onions are 
firmer. 
Mercers, ft bbl........$ 2 50® 2 75 
•Jackson White, ft bbl,.... 1 5 ( 1 ® 1 75 
Buck Eyes, ft bbl,.... 1 50 ® 1 77 
Dykemans! ft bbl.! ; I ” 1 50 ® 17.7 
Chilian.Beds ft bbl. 1 no® 1 75 
Sweet Potato® ft bbl. 4 00® 5 00 
Onions, Led, ft bbj . . 1 0 
White Onions, ft 1 , 7,1 .. . 2 25 ® 2 75 
Turnips. Russia, ft bbl.' 2 fie® 3 00 
Tomatoes, ;• basket. jfl® J) 
Long Island Cucumbers, ft 100 .| 50 ® _ 
Green Corn, ft 100- ........ ” so® 1 ( v, 
Cabbages, new, 7 100 . ,3 CO® 10 00 
Marrow Suuaeh, ft bbl. 1 no® 1 jo 
Citron, c libl... i oC,, 1 ., 1 , 
Pumpkins, ft 100 .."".I. 1 00®25 00 
Beans and Peas. — Beans are more active, 
and choice lots are held above quotations. 
Beans—Kidneys, new, ft bush.$ 3 SO® 2 K> 
Beans—Marrows, ft bush.. 2 50® 2 00 
Beans—Mediums, new, ft bush. 1 90 ® 3 00 
Beans-Mixea Parcels, ft busb. 1 so® 2 00 
Peas—Canada, ft busb. 1 20 ® 1 30 
Grape Vines — Summer Pruning. — At a recent 
mooting of grape growers at Sandusky, O., tho reason 
of the short crop of grapes this season was discussed. 
Some attributed it to overbearing in preceding years; 
others to tbe severe slorms in June by ivliich the 
grape pollen was detached and destroyed, and others 
to severe summer pruning. On this point Dr. Dun 
haw, of Collamar, said be had lessened the amount 
of priming, In his vineyard, each summer, for a num¬ 
ber of years past and his crops of fruit had increased 
from two tons to six tons per acre. The last might, 
perhaps, be called "overbearing,” but he wu# not 
certain that it was so. 
Trees along the Roams.—Lincoln Fay of Port¬ 
land, Chautauqua Co., N. Y., writes the Farmers’ 
Club that he has a row of cherry trees along tho 
highway, eight feet apart, which serve for fence posts 
of the very best kind, while the crop of cherries on 
these trees some years are woilh the interest on land 
at $1,000 an acre, lie also raises chestnut trees for 
fence posts from which he derives nuts, rock maples 
for sugar and molasses, and also apple trees for fruit 
and fence posts also. These trees may be eot twelve 
feet apart, causing less 1 ffior in constructing the fence. 
While the bearing power of the fruit trees will he 
augmented by this increase of distance between them. 
Whisky Pickles.— I notice in the Rural an 
inquiry lor making whisky pickles, and send 
you my method of making them, which is as 
follows: —Wash your pickles in cold water, put 
them in a stone jar, and to three quarts of 
water add one of tvhisky; mix it well before 
putting it on the pickles; after the vessel is full 
put a clean cloth over them and no more weight 
tbau is necessary to keep them well under the 
liquor.— H. S. 
A Garden Scourge.— (Mrs. E. M f.rwin, Palmyra ) 
The insects enclosed in yonr note of the 10th inst., 
belong no doubt to the grasshopper family, Acrydi 
urn Flavor'lltatum. It 19 rather uncommon for them 
to present themselves in such swarms as you men¬ 
tion, though accounts occasionally represent them as 
appearing in great force. They are then very des¬ 
tructive for a few days. Should they come another 
season their visit may he much curtailed by frequent¬ 
ly sowing fine sand broad-cast over the vegetation 
assailed by them. 
Ham Omelet. —Godcy’s Lady’s Book gives 
the following recipe:—Two eggs, four ounces of 
butter, half a Bait-spoonful of pepper, two table- 
spoonsful of minced ham. Mince the ham very 
finely, witliont, any fat, aud fry it for two min¬ 
utes in a little butter; then make the batter lor 
the omelet, stir In the ham, and proceed as in 
the case of a plain omelet. Do not add any salt 
to the batter, as tho ham is usually sufficiently 
salt to impart a flavor to the omelet. Good, 
lean bacon, or tongue, answers equally well for 
this dish; but they must also be slightly cooked 
previously to mixing them with the batter. Serve 
very hot and quickly, without gravy. Ham 
used in this way will make a very palatable dish, 
and is worthy of a trial. 
Onion Rot. - - A correspondent, writing from 
Davenport, Pa., states that his onions rotted 
last season to a great extent, and that the crop 
of the present year is going the same way. The 
rot commences in the base of the top, causing 
it to fall as if ripe, aud thence down the heart or 
center of the onion. In consequence of this, 
land that promised a yield of five hundred bush¬ 
els to the acre will be rendered unproductive. 
Can any of our readers explain the cause of the 
rot, or suggest a remedy ? If so, will they fur¬ 
nish them for publication ? 
Cauliflower or What ( u Yorlck.") The plant 
you menlion Is doubtless a cauliflower bythe descrip¬ 
tion of the leaves and growth. Your plants were 
either not good or the soil was too poor fortholr pro¬ 
per development. If you take them up and place 
the roots in earth, in the cellar, they may form flow¬ 
ers. Try them and see what will come of the ex- 
periment. 
Belle Magnify ye Cherry. —We have watched 
this cherry many years, with conflicting views as to 
its value. The tree is hardy—a good bearer, and when 
most other 5’aricties are rotting, or perhips so 
abundant as to be no rarity, the fruit of this is quite 
green. Afterward it ripc-ns tip, and gives us fruit 
from the last of July to the middle or last of Augnsr. 
Name of Flower. — (Mrs. D. C. IIobart, Ilomer, 
N. Y.) The name of the flower sent by you to this 
office is Claystazia sunbeeceus. 
