BBJttMufftAr.iii'rn'i* 
ESTABLISHED IN 1850 
bedding for their hour b of sleep and rumina¬ 
tion. They grew corpulent with noticeable 
rapidity, and were famed for being the best hog 
family in all that region. 
The account of profits stands thus 9 new 
swarms at $5, $45; 150 lbs. white clover honey 
at oOe, §45; 50 lbs. buckwheat honey at 25c, 
§12.50; total, §102.50: which amount is about 
three hundred per cent, on the original capital, 
or nearly $15 per swarm.” 
Heruert, iu his ‘‘Hints to Horse-Keepers,” 
thus strongly condems the use of the check 
rein: “ The check, or bearing rein, is another 
unaccountable mistake In harness luvention. 
While it holds the horse’s head lu au unnatural, 
ungraceful and uncomfortable position, it gives 
the mouth a callous, horny character, and en¬ 
tirely destroys all chance for line driving. The 
check rein i 
prevent horses from grossing, 
the head, 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
AN ORIGTNAL WEEKLY 
RURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
TALKS WITH OUR CORRESPONDENTS, 
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. ITIOORE, 
With a Corps of Able Assistants and Contributors, 
PROSPECTIVE HOG CROP —PRICES, 
A x OUNO1* akmku M gays:—I have a piece 
oi ground badly infested with wire-worms, 
which injnred a potato crop grown upon it this 
season very much. Soil, light gravel. Will 
fall plowing do any good ? Will salt or ashes 
hurt them V— it bo, what quantities per acre are 
needed?” The proper remedies against the 
worms are Indicated. Fall plow late; then sow 
two barrels of salt per acre. Manure well next 
is considered valuable, especially to 
)g, or from lowering 
The same end may be equally attained 
by substituting a simple bridle rein, to be fas¬ 
tened to the saddle without passing through the 
loops of the throat-lash.” 
In a pamphlet lately issued by the “Society 
for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals,” the 
writer says: — “I am anxious, in this place, to 
add my anathema against that inhuman instru¬ 
ment of torture, the check-rein. It is not less 
detrimental to the utility of the animal than it 
is replete with agony to him. It must have been 
invented by a savage, and can only bo employed 
by the insensate. Whencu tho benefit of un- 
bearlug a draught horso when going up hill? 
Because the head can then bo thrown into its 
natural position, and materially assist by its 
weight in drawing tho load. If it i» beneficial 
to loose the head at that time, it must also be 
so on other occasions. Look at the elongated 
mouths of tho unfortunate animals thus so 
wantonly abused —tom by the bit in their una¬ 
vailing efforts to overcome this truly barbar¬ 
ous instrument. What produces that, dreadful 
disease, poll-evil, but the uction of this cruel 
Owing to premature frosts the present season 
there will, no doubt, be a large proportion of 
the corn crop fed to hogs and other stock on 
the ground where it is raised. As much of tho 
corn will be unmerchantable, necessity will com¬ 
pel this disposition of it, hence it is rational to 
infer that the number of hogs slaughtered the 
present season will be considerably in excess of 
the previous one, 
HENRY S. RANDALL, LL, D., 
Editor of the Department of Sheep Husbandry, 
HON. T. C. PETERS, 
Late Pres't N. Y. State Ag.Soc’y, Southern Cor. Editor. 
The Rural New-York kb 1b designed to tie unsur- 
passed In Value, Purity, and Variety ol Contents. Its 
Conductor earnestly labors to render the Rural a Reli¬ 
able Guide on all the Important Practical, Scientific and 
other Subjects connected with tho business of thono 
whose interests tt. zealously advocates. As a Family 
Journal It In eminently Instructive and Entertaining— 
being eo conducted that It can be sately taken to the 
Homes ol people ol Intelllgrnce, taste and discrimination, 
it embraces more Agricultural, Horticultural, Scientific, 
Educational, Literary and News Matter, Interspersed 
with appropriate engravings, than any other Journal,— 
rendering it by far the most complete Agbtoultural, 
Literary and Family Newspaper In America. 
But, while the count promi¬ 
ses to be greater, the amount of pork produced, 
owing to immature feed, will not be correspond¬ 
ingly increased. No douht feeding will be cur¬ 
ried on to a later period this year than in ordinary 
seasons, because in this way only can the dam¬ 
aged corn be made available to the farmer, as It 
will not answer to hold over for market as is 
ordinarily done. There arc conllicting opinions 
as to the price pork will command in the market 
the coming season. Some, counting on a con¬ 
siderably increased product, look tor a decline 
as inevitable. This class ignore, in their ealeu 
lations, two Important facts as we view the mat¬ 
ter—improbability of any considerable reduction 
in the volume of our paper currency and the in¬ 
creased demand for pork, which the short crop 
ot the Southern States must render inevitable. 
Hence we infer that even with a considerable in¬ 
crease of production, and no additional foreign 
orders, the demands of the home market will be 
such as to preclude the chance of any material 
reduction in prices for the next twelve months. 
tST For Terms and other particulars see Inst page, 
THE CHECK, OR BEARING REIN, 
COWS FOOD AND SHELTER 
The human race is not. the only one subjected 
to torture by following the tyrannical dictates of 
fashion. “ Man’s inhumanity to man ” Is an old 
»t,ory, but his worse than beastly treatment of 
beasts is almost equally reprehensible. Take, 
as an example, the use—or rather the abuse— of 
the check, or bearing rein, as daily witnessed on 
our public thoroughfares, and the consequent 
cruelty to that noblest of all animals, the Horse. 
At this t ime of year the iarmers’s cows should 
he a sonree of abundant profit. The weather is 
favorable for making the best butter, and tho 
product commands a high price in the market. 
But the trouble is the cows give but little milk. 
From the flush of the sweet, juicy June pasture 
the milk has gradually diminished In quantity 
until now, by patient stripping—go slow that 
the light foam will not rise to the surface in the 
pail—barely enough is drawn from two or three 
cows to supply the wants of the family. “Well, 
how can it be helped,” says Farmer Slowpace ; 
“the cows pasture on the meadows and in the 
clover field; there is wide range, plenty of grass; 
just as flush as it was in June; they can eat just 
as much as in the summer, and if they don’t give 
the same quantity of miik, it is only because tho 
decrease is natural, I suppose.” Yes, they have 
enough of grass, we wiU allow; but look at their 
houcB sticking out more aud more every week • 
see the erect, rough hair, the dead looking coat; 
mark their uneasy, restless actions; — think of 
these a moment, and you will conclude that 
though there is plenty of grass, yet their jowl is 
scant. You may set it down as fl limn nri ATYI I 
AGRICULTURAL GLEANINGS, 
PROVIDE SHEDS FOR STOCK 
Food for Horses.— You ATT recommends cut 
feed for work horses. Equal quantities ol straw 
and hay may be used ; cut line, bruise tho oats 
or other grain and mix together. Sweet hay or 
straw only should bo used. Horses will leave 
clean grain for this mixture. For a farm horse 
in full work, one-third grain and two-thirds cut 
hay and straw, by weight, is good proportion. 
Animals —liatUk of Faltcni /)//,—Fattening oxen 
fed upon food composed of a moderate propor¬ 
tion ol oil-meal or corn, some hay or chopped 
straw and roots, if well managed, will, oil the 
average, consume twelve to thirteen pounds of 
dry substance per 100 lbs., live weight, per week 
and should give one pound of Increase in live 
weight for every twelve or thirteen pounds of 
dry ,substance so consumed. Sheep will eat 
about fifteen pounds per week of dry substance 
of the mixed food, having a larger proportion 
of grain, however, per 100 lbs., live weight, and 
for every nine pouudsof such food eaten should 
increase one pound live weight. Pigs fed chiefly 
on grain will consume from twenty-six to thirty 
pounds per 100 weight, per week, and should 
yield one part of increase for every five parts of 
dry food consumed. 
Darkness Favorable to FuUcuint/.—Lt is a fact that 
all animals fatten faster iu dimly lighted places, 
than in the full light of day. This is well known 
in respect to fowls. From experiments made 
with sheep, conclusions have been reached that 
in a dark shed, well ventilated aud properly 
warm, they will make the most mutton from a 
given amount of food. But dark stables are not 
good for horses, or breeding stock of any kind; 
fat is not with such the most important object 
in view. 
Keep Phvriiuj .—There are many days during 
winter weather when plowing may be done to- 
great advantage. Especially is this the 
The present autumn has been more than com¬ 
monly favorable to the farmer for making all 
Bnug to meet the rigors of winter. Perhaps this 
has been attended to so far as the house is con¬ 
cerned, hut is it about the barn and its essential 
adjuncts, the sheds? Are these in good coh- 
ditlon and ample to shelter the stock which is 
to be wintered over ? If provision has not been 
made for this purpose uo time should be lost in 
supplying the omission. Good shelter for stock 
Is an economical provision as well as a humane 
one. It is cruel to shut up stock in a yard ex¬ 
posed to the peltings of fail rains and winter 
snows when a little expense and labor would 
supply comfortable quarters for them. Every 
farmer must have noticed the eager haste with 
which cattle escape from a storm when a door 
into a warm stable is opened to them. Their 
sighs of relief, on such occasions, are most ex¬ 
pressive, as every one accustomed to the super¬ 
vision of stock must have observed. This 
attention to comfort has another advantage_it 
pays well. Properly housed and tended" 1 stock 
will improve all winter; without these aids cat¬ 
tle and horses will run down, coming out iu the 
spring mere frames of animals, instead bodies 
full of vitality and vigorous action. Shelter, 
then, saves food, prevents deterioration, aud is 
therefore economical as well as humane. 
Hop Louse and Fly. 
“Wolverine,” Oakland Co., Mich., says 
he noticed a few lice on his hops this sea¬ 
son, aud a great many small flies on the 
leaf of the vine, and inquires If they are 
related to each other. The fly is like a very 
small grasshopper; it has wings; its color 
is gieen, and it hops about on the leaves aud 
vine. We leave the question to boiuc of our 
correspondents. Another correspondent from 
the same State says there is a fly very numerous 
in the hop growing region, which lie thus de¬ 
scribes " Very small with long, thin wings, of 
a lightish color aud mad*: very frail. Are they 
to be feared or not ?” Still another, dating from 
Rutland, (which Rutland or what State wc know 
not,) asks lor immedial r Information as to 
where he can purchase hop roots, lie wants 
the kind that ripens in August, and that yields 
well. There is a great d maud for hop roots, 
and but few advertised for sale. 
A Horse's Head pulled up by the nearing Rein. 
Here is an engraving (from Mathew’s Horse 
Doctor,) which well illustrates the torture to 
which the horso is subjected while undergoing 
the abusive use of the check-rein—while tho one 
below exhibits him carrying his head naturally, 
oi as ho would it allowed to exercise his own 
“horse sense.” The contrast is striking and 
Instructive. We will not ask which delineation 
is tho most easy, natural and humane — for, as 
Mayuew justly remarks, “the generality of eyes 
are perverted by the dictates of custom”—yet 
m have a very decided opinion on the subject, 
and think the bearing rein, as used in many 
cases, is decidedly Injurious to the animal and 
detrimental to (he interest of his owner. 
You may set it down as a farm axiom 
that- grass alone, in the autumn, is not all Ike 
food that cows may eat with profit, however 
abundant it may be. 
It is getting almost too late in the year to talk 
much about feeding cows in the autumn. If 
they have been neglected, the mischief Is already 
done, and attention should now be given to 
bringing them up to the gates of winter in 
plausible condition. Commence by stabling 
them nights. That is what should have been 
done two months ago. Some good dairymen 
stable their cows all summer and make money 
by it. You must have, however, a large, roomy, 
well-lighted, well-ventilated stable. You want 
room behind the animals and in front. The 
cattle must have fresh air and a clean bed of 
straw. With these they arc just as comfortable 
iu the hottest September night as though iu the 
yard; and when it rains, or the nights are frosty 
they are lar more so. With good arrangements 
there Is but little trouble in thus managing, and 
the manure pile gives a large profit at the end 
of the year. 
Of course the cows should be fed in the stable. 
If they have some meal their coats won't stick 
out so wheu iu the pasture; nor will they be so 
restless. Yon will see a great difference’ in the 
quantity of milk afforded—a favorable dilicrence 
from that ol an exclusive wrass Hir.f. 
FOOD FOR SWINE-FERMENTATION. 
One of the most successful managers of swine 
with whom wo were acquainted, in years gone 
by, wa3 a farmer residing In Northington, Mas¬ 
sachusetts. J Ie was a live farmer before Agri¬ 
cultural journals came into vogue, and wus es¬ 
pecially attentive to the swine family. He made 
more pork yearly than any of his neighbors, 
though not a few exceeded him in the number 
of acres of cultivated laud. I iis hogs were pas¬ 
tured in tho apple orchard, till the fruit became 
sufficiently mature lbr cider-making, receiving 
their daily allowance of skimmed milk and such 
slops as a farmer’s kitchen usually supplies. 
When the apples began to ripen the hogs wore 
removed to a smaller enclosure, one end of 
which was furnished with a comfortable hog 
house with the necessary appliances for expedi¬ 
tious and easy feeding. The principal ingredi¬ 
ent ot their food was corn, ground uo. eol> *mri 
A Handy Milk Hack. 
The same correspondent describes a cheap 
and handy milk rack. lie says“ Take a scant¬ 
ling as long as your milk room is high, and nail 
strips to it one and a quarter inches square aud 
about twenty-six inches long, one on each side. 
A pan may then be set on each side of the scant¬ 
ling. Leaving space enough for the pans, nail 
another set of strips above. When finished tho 
rack, or milk tree, as we call it, commonly holds 
twenty-five or thirty pans, and the arrangement 
permits the air to circulate freely around the 
milk.” 
A Horse's Head iclthout the Hearing Rein. 
But let us look at the opinions of others on 
this subject Mayuew says: —“The modern 
carriage horse, whether galloping, trotting, or 
standing still, always has the head in one atti¬ 
tude, save when the muzzle is thrown into the 
air to ease, for an instuut, the pained angles of 
the month, inhumanly tugged at by tho bearing 
rein. Which of the foregoing engravings looks 
S ost at ease ? Does not the fashionable horso 
tippear suffering constraint and torture? The 
face Is disguised and concealed by thu harness; 
but enough is left visible to suggest thu agony 
compulsion inflicts. ‘ Pride,’ says the proverb, 
‘haa no feeling.’ Therefore, no expectation is 
formed of any appeal to the fashionable circles; 
but by the ignorance of the public is this bar¬ 
barity licensed. Were the mass properly in¬ 
formed the hooting of the populace would soon 
drive fashion into a more humane 
ease in 
the heavier and more tenacious soils. By turn¬ 
ing them up deeply, to tbe action of the frost, a 
chemical action, of great advantage to the 6oi! 
and succeeding crops, is secured, while the 
ground will bo in a condition for an caller work¬ 
ing in the spring. Plow as long as the weather 
will permit on such soils—tho results will prove 
the wisdom ol' the process. 
Fluster — Its Virtue m a Manure .—It has been 
found by experiment that In the main the good 
effect of plaster is due to the sulphuric acid 
which it contains, or more particularly to the 
amount of sulphur which it contains. If a plant 
is watered by sulphuric acid very much dilated 
with water it will produce the same effect as the 
application of sulphate of lime. But its good 
effect in some cases is not all to be attributed to 
the sulphuric acid, but a portion is due to the 
effect of the lime which it contains. 
Profits of Been. 
“S. W. A.” has had good luck with his bees. 
He sends the following account —“Last spring 
I had seven swarms of bees thut, with the ex¬ 
ception of two or three, were decidedly light 
and small, and I had little hope of deriving any 
profit from them this year. But tho result has 
exceeded my expectations; I have now sixteen 
large and strong swamiB, and have taken from 
the hives one hundred and fifty pounds of white 
clover, and fifty pounds of buckwheat honey, 
and all have a good supply left for the winter! 
I use a modification of the Langstroth hive. 
usage, 
aESiB 
■IiSaUS 
