, ,, rPBnlt In a loss, CHEAP SHELTER' FOE STOCK. 
I believe, on some lands would result in a jo.., _ 
forcing vines without fruit, and malting them rural New-Yorker At this season 
more susceptible to blight Thejgwjt object t= ^ ^ Qf idlng belter for stock is of 
to grow an average; quantity of a goo^ort a importance to farmers. To stock-keepers 
eating a live weight of fifteen hundred weight! 
The head is long, rather narrow, with fine and 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker :-At this season light bones, but has rather a broad or wide 
„ a „hwt. of wrovldlmr shelter for stock is of mouth; the hornB are short and fine, curving 
to grow an average quantity of a good sort and importance to farmers. To stock-keepers inward and downward; the neck is long and 
quality, thereby realizing the beat market prices; SjT e barD6 , tables, and sheds, well tine, somewhat carved downward on the top; 
but “ thereto many a slip ’twixt the cup and Up- . f - dw thc approach 0 f winter is an the brisket well set, which is always character- 
Therc are many enemies to contend with •_ ^ uule anxiety on this istic of the lowland raceB. The withers and the 
through the summer; the fly, flea, lice, mo d, t -J adequate shelter provided thus back are broad aud as nearly level as the Bhort- 
&c., &c., for which, until lately, no very sue- ’ ^ of tht Block in thc country? In horn, as well as the peculiarly broad and pro- 
ceesful remedy has been lound; but snip ur Eastern and Middle States, where barns are jecting hips; the tail well set, long and fine; 
now generally used with profit as an ex errn - < plentiful, comparatively few farmers thc chest broad and deep, and in good propor- 
nator and preventive. No British hop grower u^cop ^^ tion to tbe bel l y . The limbs are fine, rather 
is without his sulphuring machines. Ikey are *’ ^ seaB0D> Perhapa tliC longer than in the Shorthorn, but equally fine; 
drawn by one horse, between the rows, throw ^ three or a flock of gbeepj mnst ^ bag in the cows well developed, 
ing as it moves the powdered Bbift a9 best they can under the lee of a wood Holland farmers, who have good pasturage 
side to the tops of the goles; s is g ' fence, straw or corn-stalk stacks. And and take proper care of their stock, obtain 
done while the vine is a lltt c a “P’ ’ throughout the great stock growing States west from well bred Friesian cows an average of 21 
drying and packing I will no c * au( j southwest, adequate shelter is scant indeed, qnarts of milk per diem, and in the fresh milch 
ceesful remedy has been found; but suipnur i» 
now generally used with profit as au extermi¬ 
nator and preventive. No British hop grower 
is without his sulphuring machines. They are 
drawn by one horse, between the rc-w.% throw¬ 
ing as it moves the powdered sulphur on each 
side to the tops of the poles; this is generally 
done while the vine is a little damp. Picking, 
drying and packing I will notice some fatuie 
time, as perhaps I am now occupying too much 
tion to the belly. The limbs are fine, rather 
longer than in the Shorthorn, but equally fine; 
the bag in the cows well developed. 
Holland fanners, who have good pasturage 
and take proper care of their stock, obtain 
from well bred Friesian cows an average of 21 
quarts of milk per diem, and in the fresh milch 
space. . 
In conclusion I would urge American farmers 
to turn their attention more to Hop growing. 
To tiiOBC who have been so fortunate as to grow 1 
them the last lew years the work has proved 
profitable, and they are likely (at least for a 
few years to come,) to realize still better prices 
from the fact that in 1865 there was none left on : 
band, all being sold at high prices for immediate 
consumption. The 1866 crop In England falls 
even short of half an average, the lice and mold 
•having spread very rapidly through the Districts 
of Middle and East Kent just at the commence¬ 
ment of picking. In consequence I see that 
prices in the Borough London arc nearly double 
v/hat they were a few years ago. The Bavarian 
crop is also a partial failure, and the American 
falls 20 or 25 per cent, below the estimate of 
three weekB ago; and it is doubtful if we will 
-grow sufficient prime hops for homo uses, un¬ 
der all these circumstances, and a largely Increas- ‘ 
ing demand for Lager Beer. Hops must pay; 
-therefore plant in fresh settlements and States,' 
•where they are not yet known. Try the experi¬ 
ment in Iowa, Michigan, and part of Illinois. 
Many arc anxious to plant, but I understand 
cannot get the sets, even by offering extravagant 
prices. Would it not pay an enterprising man 
if.o import some of the choice sorts, cut from 
good and clear English hop yards ? It could be 
done at the prices now paid for American seta, 
pay a first rate profit, and be introducing 
diops far superior to those at present grown 
- here. - Charles Dat. 
.Rochester, N. Y., I860. 
RENOVATING OLD COTTON LANDS-No. XX. 
Manx planters are so circumstanced that they 
•arc unable to renovate their worn out lands ac¬ 
cording to the system explained in my article in 
the Rural of Sept. 22. They are necessitated 
to cultivate their land in cotton year after year. 
This class of planters require a system of reno¬ 
vating that will not necessitate any suspension 
of the use of the land. Here is the system—one 
that I have tried, proved, aud can recommend. 
It is, to keep two cows for every three acres 
•that are to be planted in cotton. 
During the discussions on worn out farms at 
the recent State Fair of New York, Mr. Crocker 
stated, as it appears to me, that the lowest Dum¬ 
ber that should be kept was SO or 40 cows to 12 
or 15 acres of land. It might require that num¬ 
ber in his section of country, but the cotton- 
planter will find two cows abundantly sufficient 
to restore three acres of old laud. In fact, by 
careful management and economy, the manure 
of 15 or 1G cows would be sufficient to rapidly 
improve 35 acres of very poor Boil that has been 
worn out. If the urine and washings of the 
lot are carefully 6aved and judiciously applied, 
a less number of cows will certainly do. I have 
mot been able, so far, to save the urine, and 
therefore cannot speak positively on that point. 
But I hope by this time next year to be able to 
. -give my experience respecting the economy of 
saving and applying liquid manure. 
Supposing three acres of worn out land yields 
1,200 lbs. of seed-eotton. About SQO pounds of 
this is seed. This would be about 11 or 12 
bushels—not more than enough, with a suffi¬ 
ciency of other feed, to feed a eew for more 
Than thc eighth of a year. Two cows should 
consume about 200 bushels during the year. 
This would be about 15 times more seed than 
the laud yielded, and would havo to he bought, 
cr otherwise brought onto the plantation. 
According to the analysis of Dr. Jackson, 
cotton-seed draws heavily on the soil for phos¬ 
phate of lime. “ The whole amount of phos¬ 
phoric acid present was 2.450, and of lime 1.64 
per cent.” As full-grown cows take but a small 
oroportion of thc phosphate of lime contained 
In Lkeir food, it follows that the manure from 
cotton-seed is not much inferior, in respect to 
these fertilizing ingredients, to the cotton-seed 
•itself. We can estimate with tolerable cer¬ 
tainty that at least some 10 or 13 times the 
amount of inorganic ingredients will be re¬ 
turned to the 60 il by tMs process, over and 
above that of like kind that was taken away by 
each crop. But when we consider that, in addi¬ 
tion to cotton-seed, the cows have had meal, 
fodder, roots, salt and other kinds of feed, the 
manure is very much increased in value. 
Two cows will yield 18 tons of green manure 
annually. This shrinks to about three tons. 
To renovate old lands by this system requires 
the cows to be soiled. How to improve tMs 
manure, and how to render its making profit¬ 
able, is reserved for future articles, for I havo 
much to say on this subject- 
west Tennessee, I860. Geo. F. A. Spiller. 
Rubbing Posts fob Cattle. —Select the 
-upper part of a hemlock tree, lull of branches 
nearly horizontal: cut them smooth from 6 to 
15 inches loDg. Set them firmly in the barn 
yard and pastures, and see if the cat tle will use 
them instead of the fence and bar posts, or rub¬ 
bing and breaking thc trees they perchance have 
access to. m l. 
Now, I don’t propose to argue the question of CO ws 26 quarts; although, in some extraordi- 
the profitableness of shelter for stock. If a nary cases, as high as 43 quarts per diem have 
farmer does not believe that shelter pays, he is been obtained Professor Ilengereld says that 
past all help from the Rural; bat I will briefly the milking qualities of the Holland cattle arc 
hint at a few cheap ways of providing for this ra ther declining than otherwise; and that the 
shelter. statements of Ulkcns, Weckherlin aud Villeroy, 
First, a shed frame may be built of poles aud namely: that the cows yielded an annual average 
a stack built around it and on It. Where sev¬ 
eral stacks are clustered together this is a good 
plan, but if there is only one, and that must he 
fed from, the 6hcd will get hare before spring. 
Another way is to build the shed of poles, drop¬ 
ping the eaves to the ground, and cover with 
old 6traw or corn stalks. This i6 good for loin 
stock — like sheep, and calves. More perma¬ 
nent shelter might be made by thatching the 
roofs and 6lde6 of a shed with straw; it would 
last, if well put on, a dozen years, but some 
means would have to be used to prevent 6toek 
from pulling the thatch. Chiel. 
of 3,168 quarts is now, unfortunately, no longer 
realized, and that the highest average now ob¬ 
tained does not exceed 3,000 quarts per cow per 
annum. Fifty-three quarts of this milk will 
yield eleven pounds of fine rich cheese, and 
from the milk from which this cheese has been 
separated, twenty-one quarts will yield two and 
one-fifth pounds of second quality soft butter. 
The fattening qualities are satisfactory to the 
dealers, and the flesh of the fat cattle of this 
race or breed is very fine. As work cattle, they 
are not held in very high estimation. 
THE CHEESE MARKET. 
The cheese market at Little Falls continues 
dull. On Monday, the 5th inst., the quan¬ 
tity delivered was considerably Icsb than usual. 
Doubtless the bad weather had sometMng to 
do In keeping back shipments. The prices for 
family dairies in the morning ranged from 15; 2 
to 16c. We heard ef some factorymen being 
present for the purpose of securing sales, and 
that offers were made by buyers at lOj^c. 
Thc Citizen reports the Ilion market ©n the 
23d ult. as very dull, prices ranging from 15 to 
17c. Thc following Bales of factories are given: 
H. C. Brown, 100 boxes, 17c., Winfield; Wal¬ 
ter Farmer, 800 boxes, I6%c., Winfield; C. W. 
Smith, 300 boxes, 16%c., Cedarville; H. Hull, 
110 boxes, lGj^c., Exeter; S. Kinne, 280 boxes, 
16%e,, Burlington; P. & I. Bush, 100 boxes, 
16>$c., Richfield ; C. Wheeler, 30 boxes, 17)£c., 
Litchfield. 
We are in receipt of circulars from London, 
Liverpool and Glasgow. The London circulars 
of the 12th of October quote cheese as follows: 
Fine, 68 to 70s. ; good, 60 to 64s.; inferior, 
50 to 50s., a»d acid that fine qualities are in 
fair request, but ‘puddliDg and inferior sorts 
are difficult to selV 
McDonel’s circular, from Liverpool, states 
the imports of cheese for the week ending 13th 
October, to be 19,295 boxes. It adds that the 
market has been steady this week, with a fair 
amount of business at 64 to 66s. for extra 
quality, of Cheddar shape; 58 to 62s. for good 
to fair dairies aud factories, and 44 to 55s. for 
medium descriptions. 
The Glasgow circulars of the 12th ult. quote 
cheese—good to prime, 60 to G2s.; iHferior or 
ordinary, 35 to 55s. It adds that there is only 
a moderate retail business doing at above quo¬ 
tations. 
difference in flickers; 6ome can pick two hun¬ 
dred pounds a day as easy as others can one 
hundred. If the cotton is far from the gin 
house, we always 6end out wagons for it just 
before quitting time at noon and night. It takes 
three pounds of seed cotton to make a pound of 
lint, and it has to be tramped in close to load a 
bale in a four horse wagon. 
Charcoal for Fattening Turkies. 
“ I have made an experiment,” 6ays a wri¬ 
ter, “in feeding charcoal to fattening turkies, 
and the result suprised me. Four turkies were 
confined in a pen and fed on meal, boiled pota¬ 
toes and oats. Four others of the same brood 
were also, at the same time, confined M another 
pen and fed on the same articles, but with one 
pint of very finely pulverized charcoal mixed with 
their food—mixed meal and boiled potatoes. 
They had also a plentiful supply of broken char¬ 
coal in their pen. The eight were killed on the 
same day and there was a difference of one and a 
half pounds each in favor of thc fowls which had 
beeu supplied with thc charcoal, they being 
much the latter and the meat greatly superior in 
point of tenderness and flavor.” 
Raising Poultry. 
We find in the N. Y. Tribune a discussion 
of the question of poultry raising on a large 
6cale had before the American Institutoat a late 
meeting of the Club. The testimony went gen¬ 
erally to show that such efforts at raising poul¬ 
try are certain to end in a failure. One gentle¬ 
man said all the poultry factories with which 
he had beca acquainted proved a loosing busi¬ 
ness to the owners. Another member stated 
that he Lad tried the business three times, in 
different localities, and failed each time. In 
one ease thc cost of keepiDg a thousand fowls a 
year was §1,100 and the net results §950. This 
ended his experiments in the poultry line. 
Winter Plowing. 
The Rural World says that it sometimes 
happens that the weather is such, even in mid- 
wrnter, as to permit plowing to be done as 
readily as In autumn. When this is the case it 
Is a great help to thc ground to turn it up so 
that succeeding frosts may act upon the soil 
and kill the multitudes of earth-worms and 
ioeects which have taken up their winter quar¬ 
ters in it. When feasible, winter plowing can¬ 
not fail of proving advantageous to the succeed¬ 
ing crop. _ 
md 3nti Mmim 
Annual Meeting of Btate Wool Growers’ As¬ 
sociation.— Thc Annual Meeting of the N. Y State 
Sheep Breeders and Wool Growers' Association will 
be held at. Syracuse, Dec. 13th, 1856, at 1 e'clock P. 
M., for the election of officers and to transact other 
necessary bn sines*. 
HENRY 8. RANDALL, Pres't. 
n. D. L. Sweet, Sec'y. 
Our Sheep Husbandry Department— Is again 
omitted in consequence of the illness.of its Editor.— 
A note from a member of his family advises us that 
Dr. Randall has experienced & partial relapse, and is 
not able to discharge Me Editorial fin ties this 
week. For the. same reason we presume Dr. R. will 
be anable to attend the meeting of the National 
Wool Growers’ Association at Cleveland—which will 
be a disappointment to himself ai-.rl many of his co- 
laborers. Ills many friends all over the UnioD, will 
unite with ns In sincerely wishing that thc Doctor 
may speedily recover and again resume and continue 
his editorial and other imporiant labors. At such a 
juncture 5u the affaire of so vast on interest as wool 
growing, the influence of every efficient laborer is 
needed to aid in securing the adoption of the Wool 
Tariff and other reformatory and beneficial measures, 
Appreciation AcKXoWi.kdgSIi —A „ Suggestion. — 
Though we have long refrained from occupying space 
with letters and notices of the press commendatory 
oft.be Rural, wo none the lees appreciate the kind 
and cordial expressions of approval we are constantly 
receiving. And we tender grateful acknowledgments 
to numerous prominent representatives of both Press 
and People for ardent andstrong endorsements of the 
Rural during the past year. Were we to adopt the 
“mutual admiration” plan of some of our contempo¬ 
raries, we could fill columns and pagee with extracts 
from letters and notices speaking In the highest terms 
of this journal—Sts merits, usefulness aud popularity 
—but wo prefer a different course, and therefore omit 
snch matters. As a general thing we Infer that its 
readere believe the Rural to be tolerably safe, sound 
and reliable, else they Nvould not take and read it, 
hence we consider it quite superfluous to publish the 
good tilings, from prominent journals and discrimi¬ 
nating persons, often said In Its praiBC. Nor can we 
consistently devote space to talk about what wc- pro¬ 
pose to do next year, or to thc publication of wordy 
and displayed inducements to Agents and others — 
On the contrary wu prefer that Its supporters should 
judge of the future of the Rural by Its past and pres¬ 
ent appearance, contents, etc., and that those dis¬ 
posed to aid In extending its circulation and useful¬ 
ness should be incited thereto from a knowledge of 
Us intrinsic, merit as exhibited In each number. And 
crop. _ we here respectfully suggest to all who approve the 
_ . ItcRAL and Its objecta-whlch includes, we trust and 
Permanent Meaaows. believe, several hundred thousand people-that the 
The editor of the Cultivator and Country j e t h U proper season to manifest their inter- 
tleman recently fell in with a farmer whose eet in that behalf by thawing tM paper to their friends 
«tice is to cut the grass on Ms meadow land and inviting their substantial approval by eubacrib- 
send the product to the New York market, ing for the ensuing Tolnme. This suggestion is not 
supplied the land with nothing in the shape Mr someone else, but for T w, Reader-fur every one, 
lanure, and had not for the last fifteen years, ° r whatever age, sex or condition, who> *-’ levcB c 
,, ’ , , . , .. Rr ual New-Yorker worthy of a general and gener- 
added, by yay of apology and eiptanaUon, ® Vm „„ ina J0 we 
* hfc never allowed the aftermath to Le led canno ^ Will you respond by 6ucti action and exer- 
r n at all. On this he relied for the invlgora- cSeo of inl i ue nce as to yon eeemeth proper? ir you 
l of the land subjected to this continued W lsh auy other documents than a number of the Re¬ 
cess of hay cropping. kal we will cheerfully furnish colored bills, pros- 
- pectnses, extra numbers, etc., to aid yon In addiDg 
ltry — ScratcMng Gravel. new recruits to the Rural Brigade. 
Gentleman recently fell in with a farmer whose 
practice is to cut the grass on Ms meadow land 
and 6end the product to the New York market. 
He supplied the land with nothing in the shape 
of manure, and had not for the last fifteen years, 
but added, by way of apology and explanation, 
that he never allowed the aftermath to be fed 
down at all. On this he relied for the invigora- 
tion of thc land subjected to this continued 
process of hay cropping. 
Poultry — ScratcMng Gravel. 
One reason, and probably the principal one, 
why so many fail who attempt poultry raising 
as a specialty, i6 that they do not allow their 
fowls room enough to “ scratch gravel” when 
they are in the mood for it. Feed and feeding 
arc imporiant, unquestionably, but if the fowls 
Onio Agricultural Retort,—W e have received 
from Mr. John 13. Klotart, Secretary of the Ohio 
State Board of Agriculture, several volumes of their 
Reporte, including the twentieth, or last one,—for 
1885. Two houdxed and eighty pagcB of this are oc¬ 
cupied with "An Account of a hasty trip over the 
RANCID BUTTER. 
It is owing to a lack of information or to 
carelessness on the part of butter makers that 
so much of a rancid or Inferior character of 
butter finds its way to market. A good article 
is as easily made as a poor one, and the former 
will be found more profitable to the manufac¬ 
turer, in the long run, tbau the latter. The 
butter maker should reflect that to make or 
prepare good butter is one thing, and only a 
portion of the business. It requires care in 
the preservation after it is made. If it is to 
be kept any considerable time, it should be 
packed down with great care in order that the 
air may be excluded from the mass as much as 
possible. Cracked crocks or imperfect butter 
tubs should not be used, because they will not 
bold brlue nor exclude the atmosphere as per¬ 
fectly tight ones will do. Work the butter 
clear of milk, but do not teav the grain more 
than is absolutely necessary for this purpose. 
Salt liberally aud evenly, but not for the pur¬ 
pose of selling salt instead of butter. Pack 
closely, excluding all the air possible. If not 
intended for immediate use, cover the surface 
with a 6trong brine or a profuse coating of salt. 
Over oil pnt a tight cover, and the necessary 
precautions for preservation will have been 
taken. When a portion of a tub or crock 
is removed for use, see that the surface cover¬ 
ing is kept intact, else the action of the atmos¬ 
phere will soon impart a rancid flavor to what 
is left, rendering it unfit for table use. It is 
owing solely to carelessness, in these respects, .... , . . , 
that lo nnd. poor butter «uds its tvay !o tta » re “‘ *><** «“• 
market, entailing an unnecessary loss upon the tationb. 
manufacturers, and impairing their reputation • 
tuthemartot.___ jMtit flf til? ffttSSU 
HOLLAND CATTLE. ^ 
In his account of an Agricultural Tour in Farm Isolation. 
Europe, as published in the Report of the OMo The Prairie Farmer regards the isolation. 
State Board of Agriculture for 1865, Mr. Sec- in wMch most farmers live, the greater portion 
retary Klippaut gives an interesting deserip- of their time, as a matter of regret being the 
tion of the more prominent races of Holland main cause of the boorishness so commonly 
cattle, from which we extract the following: and sometimes justly, imputed to them as a 
It ls a vary commoa practice to apeak ol T“rc to nothieg in farmiug which 
11 Holland ctUc,” » though they were as dis- oecds teed to tbla, andra caaeswkcre the charge 
tlnct a breed aa the Shorthorn or Devon breed; « *•«*<* » T , ,i 
and I must confess that for a time 1 waa misled «»” ™ f »« d t0 f d n0 “”S d5l! ' 11 
by tbla generic term. In Holland tbere are aev wddld Uold m0Ie 
eral breed, of cattle, almost all of which owe other exchange opinion, npon topic.^connect- 
their origin to the Holland proper breed, and it ,armln » a,,d PoMo policy, inch social 
was the manifest disparity In the several animals attrition would smoo own err r0D ^ 
abown me as Hollanders that led me to make POtoU. V any they have; g„e freedom and 
a closer examination of the matter. The Olden- *» their expressions ot opinion, while pro- 
burgers. West Friesian, East Friesian, Groom- rioting a spirit of brotherhood advantageous 
gen, aud Beemster, are all Holland breeds, and “ ukc ‘° individuals aud to ^community 
I am assured may be traced back to one original tends to cber.sk selllshness and a 
breed, but by culture and care, careful selection egoUam imperviona to the kindly in- 
ia breeding and management together with the ^necs which soften the heart and gw..polish 
influence of climate, soil and food, these several a » d •» «“ intercourse of m an with man. 
distinct breeds have been produced. 
The generic type, so to speak, (because a jmi- c °tton Picking. 
live definition of the terms genera, species, race, This is said to be rather trying work for t e 
breeds, types and families, 60 far as natural hie- back of the picker in consequence of thc st oop- 
tory in general is concerned, has not yet been ing position occupied during most of the time, 
settled ; and so far as cattle breeding is con- In reference to this business a Southern cotton 
cerned, any one of these terms is about as com- grower writes“ It would seem to the unin 
prehenalVe and admissable as another;) of the itiated that cottou picking was not very hard 
Holland cattle, is that of a marsh or lowland work, but it is not so easy, for it requires the 
race, and has spread itself, from Holland as a picker to stoop low all day, and it is hard on the 
center, over the Netherlands proper, Flanders, back, I know, for I have tried it. It is not pleas- 
Normandy, Oldenburg and Denmark. ant, either, to be wet through with the dew every 
The most celebrated of the Holland cattle are morning and the rain every rainy day. The ont 
the Friesians, which are regarded as the original fit of a cotton picker is a very large basket, made and ChineBe Bbeep . By 6 uch an amalgamation w^aMs §L20 te^L^Tand bTr- 
stock of all, and next to these are the Groningen on the place, holding from two to three bushels, it ifi asserted that a general average of four ]ey 7 - ccntB per 100 pounds. Tliia is probably on the 
breed. They belong to what may with pro- and a sack slung over the shoulder to pick in. i amb6a t each yeaning may he expected from a of a gpecie ctirrency> though the fact is not 
are coffined, cribbed, confined, with no gravel ^ reater portion 0 f the German States and a portion 
beds or ash heaps to disport themselves in, when of p ranC e,” made by Secretary Klippaut with a view 
the itching takes them they will be pretty cer- of observing the Agriculture or those countries. In 
tain to make a poor show at the end of the the next three hnudred and seventy-eight pages are 
Beason contained the proceedings of the State Board, the en- 
- tries oud awards at the State Fair, reports from sev- 
Killing Canada Thistles. eral Committees and from the County Societies. The 
J, W. Phillips}, in the Prairie Farmer, appendix of seventy-eight pages is devoted to the 
answers the question, “ Can Canada thistles be thirteenth Report or the OMo Bornological Society.- 
killed root and branch” by answering “yes.” We. shall give fromTMs work^ome extracts which we 
___I. think will be of value and interest. 
season. _ 
Killing Canada Thirties. 
J. W. Phillips, in the Prairie Farmer, 
answers the question, “ Can Canada thistles be 
killed root and branch” by answering “ yes.” 
Thc only sure way is to slay them as often a6 
they appear aboveground for two or three years 
in succession—not allowing them to go to seed. 
No farmer should sow grain on land infested 
with tMstles, as they will have time to mature 
their seed before the harvest is over. Hoed 
crops should occupy thistle land till the pest is 
completely hoed out. 
Prolific Oats, 
The N. H. Mirror and Farmer, alluding to 
oats, 6ays that D. W. Ramsdell of Chelsea, 
Vt., got a package of peas from the Patent 
Office, in which was an oat of remarkable size. 
This he planted in his garden. The yield was 
2,7S5 grains. Of these he planted next year 
2,040 grams, which produced three bushels and 
one quart — an increase of four thousand per 
cent. A single grain, in some instances, throws 
out twenty or more stalks. This was denomi¬ 
nated the Norway Oat. 
Cider — Keeping it Sweet. 
An exchange tells how to keep cider by 
saying : When fermentation commences in one 
barrel, draw off' the liquor into another one— 
straining through a flannel cloth. Put into the 
cider three-fourths of an ounce of the oil of 
sassafras and the same of the oil of wintergreen 
—well shaken up in a pint of alcohol. But one 
difficulty is said ;to pertain to this preparation 
of cider. It is so palatable that people won’t 
let it keep long. 
Sheep—Mixing.— Clough’s Australian Circu¬ 
lar and Advertiser publishes a stock report in 
wMch it is recommended to cross the Cotswold 
and CMneBe sheep. By such an amalgamation 
L be of Coal Ashes.— 1 “ Yorick" says “two years 
ago 1 bad in my garden about four square rods of 
stiff day soil, on bailor which I threw three barrels 
of coal atbes, and then spaded up the whole and 
planted il with potatoes. Tho result was that from 
the part where the a6hcs were spread, I dug as large 
and handsome potatoes as I ever saw, and on the 
other part I had a few small, ill-looking ones scarcely 
worth digging. How it would have been on other 
boU, I can only guess,not haviug tried it; but my 
opinion is that as aLmoat all coal fires have a little 
wood mixed in for kindling there is virtue enough in 
coal ashes to pay for saving and spreading them on 
auy soil,” ___ 
Red Clovbr—Causes of Failure.— An English 
fanner of ripe experience, giving his views on the 
occasional failure of clover fields, says that, in nine¬ 
teen cases out of twenty. It is owing entirely to the 
stubble having been fed bare after harvest. The plant 
by this means becomes weakened and rendered un¬ 
able to withstand the rigors of the winter season. In 
every instance where close fall feeding was permitted 
there was a failure thc ensuing season, but where a 
different courec was pursued the yield was all that 
could be desired. 
- • - 
Name Claimbd.—John Sheldon of Moscow, N. Y., 
claims the name of “Jack Downing " for an Infuntado 
ram teg by Stowell’s Nugget, out of a ewe bred by 
N. A. Saxton, Vergunnes Vermont; she by America, 
bred by E. Hammond from Sweepstakes. Nugget 
was by S to well’s Golden Fleece, he and dam of Nug¬ 
get by Stowell's Sweepstakes, by thc McFarland ram 
Peerless, by Hammond’s Sweepstakes, &c. 
-♦©- 
Cheap Flour.— The people of St. Marysville (Cal.) 
have a flouring mill which turns out 150 barrels per 
day. Thc mill price for flour there ranges from $4.50 
breed. They belong to what may with pro¬ 
priety be called the “ heavy” breeds, and are 
remarkable lor their very line bones, fine and 
mellow hide, and peculiar coloring. The most 
in popular favor are the white, with red, grey, 
and a sack slung over the shoulder to pick in 
As fast as these are filled they are emptied into 
the basket, which has to be 4 toted ’ about con 
siderably, and sometimes gets heavy in the 
course of half a day’s picking. Some of onr 
lambs at each yeaMng may he expected from a 
single ewe. 
The Canada Thistle—Salt.—I t is the opin¬ 
ion of the North-Western Farmer that salt will 
kill the Canada thistle, though it is rather an 
evnenRive exterminator. One-half bushel to 
blue-grey, or black spots. Friesiau cows are women, however, will carry a hundred pounds, - . - . , f h h , t 
found in the neighborhood of Utrecht, which besides the basket, half a mile on their heads, expensive exterminator extermi- 
1 4 feet 8 inches in height, 6 feet 9 inches We always weigh twice a day, so we know who the square rod is deemed requisite to extenm- 
measure 4 feet 8 inches in height, 6 feet S 
in length, and 7 feet 8 inches in girth 
nches We always weigh twice : 
- indi- ' picks and who does not. 
There is a very great 1 nate the pest of the farm. 
stated. __^_ 
Horses—Hereditary Diseases.— It ls the opinion 
or those skilled in the ailments of the horse that dis¬ 
eases in these animals are transmiseable, the same as 
consumption among the human family. This, of 
course, does not include ailments produced by exter¬ 
nal Injuries. 
