to leap over difficulties. Clearly the veteran 
Hottier ( antiquated, I should have 6aid,) bad 
no right or business there, for he had evidently 
overtasked his perceptions so long in critical 
examinations of Catawba and Delaware wine 
that, instead of finding Delaware in the “ Wal¬ 
ter,” he only 6tnelt a cat in the meal and found a 
Diana. Dr. Bratton, too, bad so long exercised 
his perceptions upon patients and ’patbies, pills 
and powders, fevers and fractures, that he could 
not have been expected to have found “ the pu¬ 
rity and refinement,'* or “the Delaware spirit,” 
but only the tough, acid unripeness, and the 
thick, furry skin enveloping something that is 
very unpleasant met with anywhere to most 
persons, aDd which almost, every one wishes 
might be absent from the othcrw ise well-flavored 
Diana grape. But might not this have been the 
very superiority of flavor that wc all ought to 
enjoy ? Now, Mr. Editor, please inform us on 
this subject, and give us all that is interesting 
in the history of the Walter, while it ha 3 been 
so quietly sleeping through the “ four years that 
it has been before the public.” 
What say its neighbors, Downing, and Mead, 
and Sarobant ? Why has not Grant gobbled 
it up ?— or has he heretofore bought silence on 
the subject in l'avor of tbe now deposed Iona? 
I call on all of them to speak and clear their 
skirts of this flagrant wrong, inflicted upon all 
interested and disinterested in grapes by their long 
criminal silence. Gents., you owe it to the 
Cleveland Committee, for the idea of their in¬ 
fallibility cannot stand firm in these skeptical 
ti mes u nless you back them up with facts. It. 
was unkind in Mr. Downing to know and not 
let the grape world know. 
Yours most Grapically, Penn Yan. 
sticking out to form a new vine. This method 
is preferred to that of putting down cuttings. 
As I was therein June, ami not during the wine 
season, 1 cannot present many details of the 
manufacture of wine; but 60 far as the vines 
arc concerned they are “ cut back ” and trimmed 
much closer than we would dare to do here. 
The vineyards very seldom consist of a single 
variety of grapes, but much more generally 
three or Jour varieties are grown in the same 
tract. 
On ithe steep, Eunny slopes, like those of the 
lower Neckar and Enz valleys, having the pre¬ 
ponderating lime of the muschelkalk formation, 
the varieties of grapes grown are the luxuriant 
or rapid growing and late ripening, viz: Blue 
Trollinger. Blue Grubier, mixed with the White 
and the Bed Elbling; from these a heavy red 
wine is manufactured. In the lateral valley a 
where there is less sun, less powerful or strong 
soil, and altogether more mild, as in the upper 
Neckar valley, the early ripening varieties, such 
as the White Sylvanian, the White and Red Elb- 
Unp, the Blue Affenthaler, mixed with a few 
Trollingers, and in some special localities in the 
upper portion of the valley, the Blue Clevener, 
Blue Burgundy, and the early Blue Portuguese 
are grown. The wine made here is mostly a 
white wine, or a very pale claret when the blue 
grapes are mixed with the others. Where the 
lands are less steep, of keuper formation, but 
yet with a strong clay soil, the majority Of the 
grapes are of the following varieties, viz: White 
Elbling and White Sylvanian, mixed with the 
Blue Trollinger, aud a very small proportion of 
White Futterer and Gotedcl; here and there a 
White Tokay and Black Urban ; in special local¬ 
ities we find mixed with the first named, the 
White Relssling, Red Tramiler, Blue Clevener 
and Burgundy, and the Blue Muller, These 
grapes as a rule make a heavy elaret; yet in 
some of the localities, as in the Kens valley, 
capital white wines are made, where the blue 
grapes are not mixed with the others. In the 
lower muschelkalk formations, where there is a 
mild, If not an absolutely poor clay soil, as in 
the Kocher Jagst. and Tauber valleys, the fol¬ 
lowing varieties do the beet. 
Horticultural Notes and Queries 
Apples Half Sweet and Souk.—R. L. Gazlay, 
Garrattsville, N. Y„ saysPlease tell Messrs. Rob¬ 
inson & Cabpkntkb that a nurseryman of Otsego has 
this prospect for that $100 prize offered for the apple 
one half sweet and oue hu]f sour. In the spring of 
IStiQ he spin a stink of the Sweet Bough, dividing the 
bud In the center, arid one of the Chenango Straw¬ 
berry, red aud sour, or the siimo size, binding each 
son to the other, waxed, and set them near the house 
carefully labeled. One of them grew about six inches 
the lirst seasou; the past season it has put out three 
branches live, ten, and eighteen inches in length, all 
stocky and healthy. All of the wood of the original 
scion Is a live aud has made a proportionate growth. 
T he other buds did not take. Ilo intends to draw 
that $100 as soon ns a specimen will ripen.” 
Do you not wish, careful farmer, when you 
see the first snow storm of the season whiten¬ 
ing the earth, and hear its cold blasts howl 
around the house-corners, and whistle in every 
crevice, that you could set down at once on 
your premises as many well-grown evergreen 
trees as you would desire ? If you could, what 
dense belts and groves would speedily surround 
your dwelling, so that you would anly hear 
the storm moaning in the tree-tops, instead of 
whistling in your door-wny. You would care 
less for the out-look to the road,—though from 
certain desirable points you could easily pre¬ 
serve it,—than for complete protection; and 
you would envelop your buildings on all sides 
with dense masses of rich, wami-lookiug ever¬ 
greens, the very sight of which would impart 
cheerfulness and comfort to the beholder. 
Such shelter would also be of great utility. 
It would lessen the amount of fuel required in 
the house, and of grain and fodder in the yards 
for stock. The profits of a large farm might be 
considerably increased by such shelter. Then 
the fruit and vegetable garden would be more 
prosperous and profitable. 
In many sections of the country evergreen 
trees may be procured from swamps at little 
expense, and with proper care many might be 
transplanted safely before the ground freezes 
solid. To do this work successfully one thing 
is essential, namely, to carry with«each tree a 
mass of earth on its roots ; this can be best ac¬ 
complished when the gronnd is slightly frozen. 
TEA COMPANY 
A WHOLESALE ESTABLISHMENT 
We have many Inquiries (10 to 20 letters a day) asking 
what discount we make to the Trade from our prices as 
published In Tub Advocate. These are our lowest 
wholesale prices. We consider ourselves only n Whole¬ 
sale Corporatism, aud we have but one price. 
The way which wo oarao to break packages at all, was 
that during the high prices of Toas wa furnished parties 
with packages as small as live pounds. Our fame spread 
far aud wide; aud parties witti small meiuis thought it 
very hard to bo compelled to pay, elsewhere, about a 
dollar per pound more than wo were selling the same 
goods for. simply because they could not afford to buy 
flvu pounds of us at ono time. Therefore, In order to 
lighten these burdens, wo consented to supply their 
wants In quantities as small as one pound at the whole¬ 
sale prices. 
Parties of small means wishing for goods to sell, can 
havo their orders put up In small packages to suit their 
trade but we cannot make any reduction In price, as our 
profits for the last six years havo not averaged more 
than two cents per pound. 
To glvo our l eaders an Idea of lh« profits which have 
been made la tho Tea trade, wc will start with the Amer¬ 
ican houses, leaving out of the account entirely tho pro¬ 
fits of tho Chinese factors. 
1st. The American House in China or Japan makes 
large profits on their sales or shipment*—End some of the 
richest retired merchants In this country have made their 
Immense fortunes through their honscslu Chinn. 
2d. The Hanker makes large profits upon the foreign 
exchange used In the purchasu of Teas. 
3d. The Importer makes a profit of 80 to 50 per cent. In 
many cases. 
4tli. On its arrival here It is sold by tho cargo, and the 
Purchaser sells It to the Speculator In Invoices of 1,000 to 
2,000 packages, at an average profit of about 10 per cent. 
5tU The Speculator sells It to the Wholesale Tea Dealer 
In lines at a profit, of TO to 13 per cent. 
6th The Wholesale Tea Dealer sells it to the Wholesale 
Grocer lu lots to suit his trade, at a profit ol about 10 
per cent. 
7th. Tho Wholesale Grocer sells It to tho Retail Dealer 
at a profit of 15 to 23 per cent. 
8th. Tho Retailer sells It to the consnmor for all the 
profit he can pel, 
When you have added to these eight profits as many 
brokerages, cartages, storages, cooperages, and waste, 
and add the original cost ol the tea. It will be prccelved 
what tho con/iumor has to pay. Aud now wc propose to 
show why wo can sell so very much lower than other 
dealers. 
We propose to do away with all thene various profits 
and brokerages, cartages, storages, cooperages, aud 
waato, with the exception of a small commission paid for 
purchasing to our correspondents In China and Japan, 
one cartage, aud a small profit to ourselves — which, ob 
our largo sales, will amply pay us. 
Parties getting their Teas from us may confidently rely 
upon getting them pure and fresh, as they come direct 
from the Custom House stores to our warehouses. 
(SuAt-E Crop op the Lake Erie Islands.—U nder 
date of Put-Jn-Bay, Ohio, Nov. 22, Mr. W, K. Sibley 
writes ns:—*'Our grape crop has been light thla 
season, but the grapes were very swoot and good and 
the must fresh from the press weighs about, boon the 
must scale. Wo had no rot. and the vinca in 
Preserving Leaves op Trees and Flowers.—(H. 
S., Clyde, Waynu Co.) Placing them between sheets 
or common drawing paper is a very good method. 
They require no coating; tho paper absorbs tho 
moisture. When well dried tho specimens should bo 
permanently fastened to tho paper by gum-arabic and 
by Inserting tho stems and points or leaves, whon 
practicable, under slits raised from the paper by cut¬ 
ting through with a sharp knife. 
Grapes xou Wine,— At a late mooting of tho 
Keokuk Horticultural Society the eubjeot Of grapes 
for wine making purposes, in the Mississippi Valley, 
was discussed at considerable length. The prefer¬ 
ence waB given to the Concord ns being better adapt 
cd to that section of country than any other now 
grown, lint this was not entirely satisfactory, and 
the hope was expressed that a better wine grape 
would bo produced at no distant day. 
CLOVER IN THE ORCHARD 
The Blood Seedling Grape.— The Maine Farmer 
han a commendatory notice of this grapo, but Is not 
posted hs to its history. It | 8 reported to he quietly 
but surely working its way to tho head of the list of 
grapes. It is stated to be a vigorous grower; has 
larger fruit than the Isabella; is fully equal to It in 
flavor, or that of tho Concord, with the added advan¬ 
tage of ripening much earlier in the Benson. 
that Is, these va¬ 
rieties of grapes do bettor here than any other 
varieties do—viz: White Sylvanian ( Austrian,) 
White and Red Gutedel (Juuker,) Velteliuer 
(flesh grape,) the White Elbling (crystal,) the 
White Mascatelle, with here and there a Trol¬ 
linger. The bulk of the wines made of these 
grapes arc white wines. The balk of the red 
wines are made in special localities, and the 
grapes used are generally the “ blue sweet red” 
and the “ blue coarse black ” On the more grad¬ 
ual slopes, or in fact elevated table lands in tho 
mountainous region of Lake Constance, where 
there is a strong clay mixed with disintegrated 
rock, the varieties of grapes are limited to three 
sorts or kinds only, viz.: the White Elbling 
(Thick Elbling,) the White Rauschling < Thin 
Elbling,) and the Blue Burgundy. These make 
a very pale, redish wine, which is somewhat 
harsh and acid, but requires considerable age, 
when it becomes really a line wine. 
Vineyards on the muschelkalk lias formations 
are kept renewed so that the grape growing is 
unintcrupted; but on tho keuper formation 
they find it more proiitable to cut away the old 
Tndiana State Horticultural Society. — Wo 
have received from Hon. J. I). G. Nelson, President 
of this Society, a copy of its M Transactions” for the 
your 18(10. It is a very interesting ami handsome 
volume of about one huudred pages. Thu Society 
holds its next regular meeting at Indianapolis on tho 
8th, 9th and 10th of January next. 
The above cut illustrates n very convenient 
and simple machine for moving largo trees, 
having a mass ol earth attached to their roots. 
The method of operating It is to back the axle- 
tree against the tree, throw the tongne np 
against the trunk and attach it thereto with a 
rope, which leaves the end of the tongue aad Is 
fastened to a team. The tree is then moved 
horizontally to its new position, the tongne 
again thrown up, and the tree falls into "its 
proper place. 
Evergreens may algo be purchased cheaply at 
the nurseries by the hundred or thousand. But 
let each farmer improve the opportunities to 
increase the protecting trees around his home¬ 
stead. 8pring, summer, autumn and winter are 
all geasons in which he may do this work,—if he 
only does it well. 
VARIOU8 ORIGINAL RECIPES, &c 
The Company have selected the following Rinds from 
their Stock, which they recommend to meet tne wants 
ol Clubs. They are sold at Cargo Prices, the Bame as 
the Company sell them In New York, as the list of prices 
Will show. 
All goods sold are warranted to give satisfaction. 
Directions for Making Brown Bread.— 
Make a stiff sponge at night, U6ing a pint of 
warm water, a gill of yeast, and line flour. Set 
it lri a warm place to rise. In the morning add 
to the sponge a quart of warm water, a table¬ 
spoon of salt, four tablespoons of brown sugar, 
and brown flour enough to mix it. The dough 
should be go stiff that the hand can jnst he 
opened and shut in it. It will generally rise in 
three or four hours, and when it is light it will 
stick to the Ungers and draw out in little threads, 
giving out, at the game time a slight noise. 
Then dip it into tins with a spoon and let it 
stand ten or fifteen minutes near the stove— 
until it haB tho same ropy appearance as before. 
It requires an oven a little hotter than for white 
bread, and should be baked an hour. The above 
quantity of water will make four loaves. 
For every-day use, and especially for dyspep¬ 
tics, brown bread is;much better without sweet¬ 
ening. 
A String of Questions,—W ill some of the 
Rural readers give answers to the following 
questions, through its columns, and oblige one 
of its readers ? 
I. The best methods of cooking farina and 
arrow root for invalids. 
)1 The best method of making molasses 
candy. 
J. How to bleach’thc common yellow bees¬ 
wax. 
4. How to color furs, that have become faded, 
black. 
5. How to color dry mosses and grass, green, 
brown, black, &c. 
ti, How to clean houses, furniture and cloth¬ 
ing infected with small pox, without destroy¬ 
ing either, 
i. Tho best recipe for making buckwheat 
griddle cakes, 
b. What Is the best material and what the best 
process for bleaching skeleton leaves and flow¬ 
ers, so as to make them perfectly white ? 
YOUNG HYSON, (Green,) 80c., 90c., $1, *1,10 besi 
w n>. 
GKKKN TEAS,HOC., 80c,, 11, $1 JO, best*1,25 9 It. 
MIXED, 70c., 80c., 90c., bast *1 V ». 
JAPAN, *1, *1,10, best *1,25 *1 It. 
OOLONO, (Black,) 70c., 80c.,90o.,best *1 « » 
IMPERIAL, (Green.) best *1.25 « n>. 
ENGLISH BREAKFAST, (Uluck.) B0c., 90c., *1, 
best *1 M) ft jt. 
GUNPOWDER (Green,) *1,23; best, *1,50. 
THE WALTER GRAPE AND CLEVELAND 
COMMITTEE. 
Northville, Lasalle Co., Ill., Oct. 23, 1866. 
Tuk Great American Tea Co., 
31 and 33 Veaey Street, New York. 
Gentlemen — The. package ot Tea 1 ordered last 
came safe to hand. .All arc well pleased with the last as 
well as the first package of Tea that we received. The 
oxpretmtgo l* about 8c. per pound; so we think we save 
about 80c. per pound on the kind of Teas we get. I here¬ 
with send you another Order, which you will please send 
by Merchants’ Express Co. to my addjess. 
H. W. SWEETLAND. 
8 Its. Imperial, E Spradlins’, at *t,23.*10 00 
4 “ “ L Spradllm:, at *Q»,....... * 00 
2 " “ J Able, at *1,25.;... 2 50 
2 “ “ -T Lewis, at *1,25. 2 50 
4 “ " P Miller, at *1,25.1.! 5 00 
4 " " D Miller, at *1,2(1. 5 00 
4 “ “ D Mlllerlsd, at *1,20. 5 00 
4 “ “ LH Hood, at *1,25. 500 
4 “ “ L II Whitney, at *1,23. r. oo 
4 ‘ ‘ o Whitman, at * 1.28 . soo 
4 A M Sherman, at *1,25. 5 00 
4 “ Young Hyson, F Render, ul ?1,S®. 5 00 
son. in Bucn case noec crops are grown. Grass 
or clover would only make the matter worse, as, 
instead of taking from the strength of the soil', 
it would only take from the moisture, which the 
trees cannot spare. Where there is a rich, moist 
soil, we are persuaded grass ia a benefit, the 
grass improving by these conditions. 
It is not good to have an orchard hide-bound, 
which sod, continued for many years, will make 
it. It needs breaking up nowand then. It is 
best to give the soil a breathing spell, thus l.ene- 
iitting the crop and the trees, preventing for the 
time th e escape of moisture which strikes the 
trees constantly in its ascent. f. g. 
Remarks. It is a well established fact that 
clover draws Its nutriment mainly from the air 
and deeper layers of soil. The toots do not 
carry down food to this subsoil and thereby 
enrich it, but they draw substance from it to 
sustain the growth of the plant, and thereby 
impoverish it. Clover, grown and plowed under 
on the land, enriches the top soil, because its 
substance ha9 been taken mainly from the air 
aud deep layers of soil, and this is added to the 
surface soil. Hence, we believe that the posi¬ 
tion takeu by us is correct, viz: that clover is 
one oi the most unfavorable crops to grow in 
the orchard, if it be removed from the land, be¬ 
cause its roots feed in the same layers of soil 
with those of the trees. 
Dear Rural :— I am a democratic republican 
and believe one man Is as good as another, (and 
often a — great sight better,) but a committee 
ceases to be man or men and becomes (In re¬ 
gard to fruit and wine,) something that can’t 
make a mistake. I regard their dolugs and de¬ 
cisions with reverence of course, and often with 
wander too, for I caunot always understand by 
what road the mill is reached that grinds out 
their opinions, nor what grist they put in to 
make them of. 
Two years ago a committee at Cleveland 
made, or rather found, the Adriondack the best 
grape among all the good ones in quality. Every¬ 
body believed in their wise judgment, but yet 
everbody was astonished. The Adriondack was 
“ ri cb in sugar and above all others for Trine by 
twenty per cent.,” was said by very high au¬ 
thority. 1 he Adriondack was then a new broom. 
It is true all of our after experience has been 
contrary to these judgments, but to my demo¬ 
cratic mind, all the ^orse for experience when 
it runs against high authority or a committee. 
At this year’s Cleveland meeting a stranger 
(to me,) among grapes is announced as above 
all grapes, and the Adriondack is not even a 
competitor, and well for it that it wasn’t, for 
(said the introducer,) “ the Walter combines 
the Epirit of the Delaware with the pure refine¬ 
ment aud sugar of the Diana/’ Tasters exam¬ 
ined carefully for the ”purity and refinement,” 
and found it, as the exhibitor stated, only it was 
precisely the delicate feline purity and refiement 
of the Diana, with a large, unripe, tough, acid 
center, while none but the committee could find 
a trace of the Delaware. And here comes a 
painful incident. Committees and Cabinets are 
each a “ unit,” or they are nothing. From 
want of sharpness in the perceptions of two of 
the five the unity was broken. Democratic 
principles and practices saved the committee 
FRUITS, &c., IN NEW YORK MARKET, 
The following are the prices of Fruits, Veget¬ 
ables, &e., in the New York market, for the 
week ending November 22 d: 
Beans and Reas,—T he bean markot is not 
very active; but as The supply is Bmall, choice 
prime lots move readily. 
Beans—Kidneys, new, V bush.* 2 90® 3 00 
Beans—Marrows, new, IP bash. 2 so® 3 CO 
Leans—Mediums, new. '{< bnsh. 2 00 ® 2 70 
Bean*—Mixed Paresis, 91 bush. t 90® 2 on 
Peas—Canada,!) bush.... 1 79® j 7,7 
Vegetables. -The market is without any 
material change. Potatoes have been in good 
demand, but toward t he close of the week trade 
has fallen off 
Peach Blows, %t bbl.,.*•> 00® 2 75 
Mercers, * bbl. 2 25 ® 2 75 
Jackson White, V. bbl. 1 754 2 33 
Dvkemans. V hSl .!.! 2 00 ® 2 to 
Chilian Reds bbl. 1 75^ a qq 
Sweet Potatoes. *1 bbl. 2 50 ® 3 50 
Onions, Red. * bbl.. 1 50 ® 2 01) 
White Onions, $ bbl. o 00® 2 ra 
Turnips, Russia, '# bbl. 1 oo® 1 on 
- Tomatoes, * basket. mv* 1 on 
Cabbages, new, 100 . 5 00® 0 DO 
Marrow Squash, bbl.. 00® 1 00 
Citron, V bbl.... .. 0 on® n w 
Pumpkins, * 100 .i...::.". 5 $@10 00 
Fruits.—A pples are in good demand at for¬ 
mer rates. Grapes are dull and move 6lowly. 
Apples, mixed, !< bbl.* 3 50® 4 fio 
Japan, 
Youns^Hyson, 
Japan, 
P.S.—All towns, villages, or manufactories, where a 
large number ol men are engaged, by olubbi nu togeth¬ 
er, can reduce the cost of their Teas and Coffees ubont 
one-tbfril by sending directly to the 
GREAT AMERICAN TEA COMPANY, 
31 and S3 Vrsky Strskt, Corn kb of Chuboh, 
Post-office Box 5,®3, New York City. 
t2f~ We call speclul notice to tho tact that our Veaey 
Street Store Is at No. 81 and 33 Vesey street, corner of 
Church street -- tarc/e double More. 
Parties looking for onr store will please bear In mind 
that ours is a large double More, Noe. 31 and 33 Vexey St., 
corner of Church &t. This Is an Important fact to be 
remembered, as there are many other Tea Stores in 
Vesey Street. 
To Color Cotton Rags a Blue.— For three 
lbs. cloth take 1 oz. copperas, 1 oz. oil vitriol, 
1 oz. prussiate of potash. Set yonr cloth two 
hours in the copperas water, then take it out 
and put it in a tub of cold water. Dissolve 
your potash, put in your cloth, let it stand 
twenty minutes; thea take out your cloth, put 
In your vitriol, stir it well; then put in your 
cloth, and stir it often. Rinse in clear cold 
water. To be colored in brass or tin. 
Will Borne one inform me how to make 
“pumpkin bread?” and oblige— M. E. Linds- 
ley, Walton , N. Y. 
THE WURTEMBURG VINEYARDS. 
As a rule the vineyards arc located on hill 
sides which are too steep for the ordinary farm 
crops; the vines are planted about 2% by 3 feet 
apart. Often the entire hill side is in terraces, 
one above the other, separated by a stone wall 
of “rubble” work. The soil is ohauged every 
three or four years lu the following manner; 
The soil is removed fom the lower terrace, and 
the “ditch” thus formed is filled by the soil 
from the terrace above, and so on until the last 
or upper terrace is reached. When the vines 
are 15 to 20 years old they are layered their en- 
‘ire length, and the one-year-old wood left 
WANTED-AN EXPEKIKNlKO PitOPA- 
II gator lor propagating Gran.t vines, inferences 
required. Apply to G. W. MoDOWELL, Wan ye, Steu¬ 
ben Co., N. Y. 
Funs Colored, &c— Marion, Oakfleld, N. Y. 
You can get your furs made over at any place 
where they deal in the article. The coloring is 
not done outBlde of New York city. Unless 
the set is very valuable it would not pay to send 
them there. 
U TICA UNION NTJHSERIES, 
UTICA, TV. Y. 
1 have an immense »tock of choice NA TI VE ftKA PE 
VINES, including all tbe now and valuable varieties 
Also a fine stock of Currants, Go skbukiuks, IUsp- 
BKKBIB8, Stkawukrrirs, Sta . Hci ,1 two three cent 
stamps for Descriptive Catalogue, now ready. 
865 JOHN BEST, Agent. 
reaches Hotting on the Trj.es.—Edwin 0. Coan, 
South llavcn, Mich., asks how to prevent peaches 
from rotting on the trees before they are fully ripe. 
What remedy for this serious evil will some of cur 
experienced fruit growers propose ? 
