ILLINOIS STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
Mr. Bryant said the,jelly is much used by physi¬ 
cians in their treatment of bronchial diseases. It 
was also recommended as being, as a dried fruit, 
equal to Zantc currants for pies and fruit cake; and 
it was assorted that, it made quite a* good a pie us 
the grape. The mode of drying this fruit, given by 
those who make the most UBO of it as a dried 
new grapes, and found none equal to the Con¬ 
cord. Tnis year, while all other varieties have 
dropped their leaves, it has ripened and borne 
well. The fruit does not last long with us, be¬ 
cause we use it too freely. 
Colman. of Bloomington The Concord is the 
grape for the niilliwn. It does not blight. I lay¬ 
ered it exclusively the present season, and it boro 
pronounce a perfect success. The boxes can be 
removed to a collar for protection the first winter. 
When it is desirable to grow them in large 
quantities, beds four feet wide, shaded by screens 
made with lath naile*l one-third of an inch apart 
to cross-pieces, which can be laid off at sunset and 
replaced at sunrise, is as pood a plan as 1 am eon- 
HC* wriU UllUvt-- luv lllUob lie* ui to tw a* ' * * * a vi k. ,u " 'vm iux. -.r>—- . ' w 1 . , . L , i- >, 
it. is to spread on tins, an inch thick, and ered it exclusively the present season, and it boro veisaut with—the invention too, 1 believe, o! Mr. 
inkle on sugai', and heat, say 100 degrees, fruit abundantly lying right on the ground. 1 Douglas. Tills plan is also applicable to stnal 
ich partially cooks it, and the sugar us ab- would rather have it than any other of tho native plants from the lorost OP importations from foreign 
^ ... , ..... , - . . , fruit, is to spread on tins, atl inch thick, and end it exclusively tne present seas 
Our Wes.em Editor has furnished us cop hi«t inkD' on sugar, and heat, say 100 degrees, fruit abundantly lying right on 
notes of the proceedings of the Illinois State llor- partially cooks it, and the sugar is ab- wolikl rather have it than any oth< 
ticultural Society, at its recent meeting in Bloom- sorbed. This makes a line subslituto for the grapes. .... 
ington. Wo are compelled to condense these a dried limits of commerce, for cakes, and pud- Voted to be p aced on the hat 
h , .•.. .dings, etc. Hartford Prolific.—K. II! 1'Kt.i 
good deal; for as received, they would crowd uin ^- - 
t W o pages of the Rural. Fortunately, or other- grapes - discussion op varieties. 
wise, this la not difficult; for the first part of the Delaware.—A paper was read before the 
session seems to have been devoted to a rambling Society by Dr. C. N. Andrews, of Rockford, in 
discussion on the (low of sap, the difference in which the Delaware was particularly commended, 
hardiness between trees making “ short jointed ” The following discussion of its merits followed 
and ‘“long-jointed ” wood, and whether or not the the reading of the paper: 
hardiness of the tree was not sacrificed in obtain- M L p L ; ,- UA p j Champaign Co.—I ti 
ing improved fruit. On these questions tho tion 1o the recommendation of the IJ 
membei-s did not agree, and certainly did not the firetin the lbt of grapOR It is at 
throw much light on the abstruse subjects cbo- Vot 1 1J.” Tt is 'the least' vahiabfi 
sen for discussion. After a time the members the native grapes. The Concord, Ca 
settled down to work in real earnest, gave up Isabella are better. The Delaware 
theorizing, and bc ? ao to loll the results of 
their experience in growing trees andlmit in tilt q,,, |j sti f or general culture. I make c 
Great West. that effect. 
planting and culture. Sherman, ot Rockford—I have 
success with the Delaware than with 
Dr. Scmur.nER—l believe in standards. I 1 ri <». T have seen nothiug that grow 
like them best. I have planted two hundred an( j strong as (he Delaware, except 
dwarfs, but l would plant a greater proportion of ^villow! [ Daughter, ] Vines plante 
standards again. a year, limited tho past summer, an 
I)r. Warder — Old men have to live too long niat p, iburloon feet of goes! ripe 
to get fruit, if they commence when old to plant Dunlap—Y ou are located ou th 
standards. The old, white-headed fellows should [; mC6 tone. 
plant dwarfs. There are a lew varieties that we p) r Meeker, of Dongola—It. docs 
might get fruit from if we were to plant stand- nor produce well ou the sandstone sol 
ards — such a* Passe Colmar, Bartlett, Flemish I LI i noise 
Beauty, and a few others. 1 would plant both Dr. Andrews, of Rockford—I thin 
dwarfs and standards. My friend Spencer, here, |, at , e so[nc effect in the productive] 
whose pears were planted live years ago, had Delaware, but that it is not material 
a Rousellet Hatet that bore one bushel ot pears juctiveness. Our soil la naturally di 
the. present season—a dwarf It is a very late ^ ravo i bed three or,four feet deep, 
bearer as a standard. . ware fruits nil around Champaign t 
J. G. Hoffman—C annot a late bearing stand- Cincinnati, St. Louis, Ac., H. 
ard bit made to bear earlier by summer pinch- Dunlap—T he soil of the Rock Riv« 
and you got a hardier *Kk^g^FW,^ 
’’Hoffman Then wo tad hotter plant .tend- fa 
t ScitBffipBR— I’m down on throe little <'“*»■>.■£ l ^Wc 
dwarfs. A neighbor of mine has a tree which • •, ^ j r ,,cky and 
bears ten bushels of fruit and occupies less space ' ““•If J . , JJ g’,* 3’ (l 
than th,™ dwarft that boar scarcol, ono-Umd « g™ 
m i)°R. Wauder—T here in an old saying that in S S U ‘ '^Uite^YfUlod wkh 
a true one in many cases:—“ He who plants . ’ a 1 J 1 
standard pears is planting for Ins heiiu" e ',,,,,, v _ Mailv vinos have beer 
N. J. Coi.it an 1 recommend planting stand- iJSEXi ] eJn 
ards tvs far apart as is necessary, and dwarfs be- ov oldest vfuo f 
tween them. The dwarfs bear first, and when Kemiicott, wno nos uio oiu< siuticii 
the standards are full grown, and begin to boar, ’ d 1 *' ' 
if crowded, the tlwarfs may In* removed. . ^iThkriT We iiad not been 
Smiley Shepherd — As far as my experience Shepherd -Mine nau not ueen 
goes, taking the range of varieties standards ‘ ,, 4 v _Tho Delaware mildew 
Soar two years later than dwarfs. 1 plant stand- i h " 1 ' with me 
anls 16 feet apart and dwarfs botweeu in a quin- t< cl tllc l ‘ iaat ot y , ,, 
cunXt Dr. ScuncEDKR—1 think the troubl 
Colman - 1 think that is too close, f would propagation. I got vines three yea 
plant the standards '20 or 25 feet apart and dwarf's years old, with five eyes. They hav< 
between. The ti“Oe must have sunlight. very little. But there is a vine near 
Dn. Warder -You should remember that Depot, in this city, on which I saw 1 
you recommend that the dwarfs may 1*> removed of grapes this season. Louis K och, < 
when the groilh renders them too thick. Ill., one of, if noltke heat,grape ant! 
Dwaifs can be removed at any age. I would West, recommends: 1, Norton's Virg 
plant the standards 16 feet apart 1 recommend hemont; 3, Untender; 4. Delaware, 
close planting. have ripe wood for the Delaware-] 
Arthur Bryant, Sr.—I would plant close, and then, good children. 
also—especially on the prairies. The protection Baldwin, of La Salle Co. I hav< 
litres afford each Other is an important item. the Delaware. 1 had a two-year old 
Du. Warder—T he mulching which the shade that bore twenty-two clusters the p 
of the tree affords, is tho best tliat can be put on My S(J j| [„ tDo common black prairie 
the ground. I recommend close planting, with a OI , the coal measures. I took fro 
view to secure this, in the case of a dwarf orchard, vine eighteen layers beside. 1 did 
say ftt the age of 5 years, and Of a standard at back. It made a growth of eight 
the age of 15 years. You all understand (ho beyond the fruit. The first eyes I 
effect of the forest mulch upon the soil. You not grow strongly; but the two vit 
can kick up the ground anywhere there. gated from eyes myself, have made j 
Colman — 1 recommend mulching with hay or [ | a y«. f the now wood. Such layers 
straw for small trees. Mulch at any time. Lbolr wood finely. These vines ai 
Shepherd — I cultivate thoroughly with the drained soils, 
plow and get good fruit. I give my orchard Dr Wak015IV _i do no t think it pc 
the same culture I do my com. suppress tho demn a grape because it does not t 
weedR. .._, _ nio. I liave had tho Delaware t 
O. ». Galusha Did cultivation have any Gotilfl , mi t | ie original vine, and 1 
thing to do with your peam blight,ng? able to present any of my g 
Shepherd— 1 don t know. It may be that it ... .. (i - . / owr ■ J J?, 
did A few trees iu sod did not winter-kill so -ionda* K it fruit from it however. 1 
badly, tmd are ntit so much, blighkii, pci haps. anything faulty in this grape, ap 
Dn. Warder 1 mdoiK* all m. ttcndMtKi |,ius always been a slight grower wii 
herd says ot the importanoe ot cul ivattng the , t with , ttl h Lil t |»te ye 
growling orchard, lint the mulch is to be usen and ^ ( .| awai V grow , 01r Kelly's Islaml, 
relied upon when the tree is gtown It the tiu c | a y g QCar the water surface. T 
is grown tn the conical term, it will be diflicult to { J b , own lht . ro !incJ Bh!p 
plow about .L if planted closely as the gentle- Y ork the pi^ent seiuson, at tho b{« 
man plants hm trece, after a fc v ycara. prices, too. But, sir, dahlias were 
Li.ovu^Suaw—I mulch my orchards with L'.ji v > ri l H l<uid in the beginnitm ol 
would rather have it than any other of tho native plants from the forest or importations from foreign 
g ra p 0P uurseries. They have also succeeded well when 
" Voted to be placed on the Hat. planted north and northeast sides of large ever- 
n u'■ i n l- lrticr-r, n f TitnnmiHff greens. It. has been my practice to protect two 
ta“Tta^ftStadh »o , '.i, m°\ 7 ”£ y«r I'lanlx Uirtart Oi win|M b, „Lm B |.ino 
ton-l have f W>Ud h ^ y^rs, u “as f e . lV( ,‘ H ((l tll c depth of one to two inches among 
proved more BaUsfactory thjm tmy otltoi vai tety Ujcm , u two ^ tl , in8plant to nursery rows, 
I have, both Ul tho quality an y t i u „ i.> iwn nml i Imlf fwf smart, mws ninnirm* 
M. L. Dunlap, Champaign Co.—I fake exeep- ( 
tion to the recommendation of the Delaware as 
the first in the list of grapes. It. is an excellent 
fruit, but it don't *• walk up fo the Captain's office , 
and settle.” It is the least valuable of any of , 
tho native grapes. The Concord. Catawba and 
Isabella are better. The Delaware may do on , 
limestone soil, but off of it, if. does nothing that I f 
can learn. I recommend that it be stricken from ( 
the list, for general culture. I make a motion to \ 
that, effect. j 
Sherman, of Rockford— f have had better 
success with the Delaware than with any ether 
vine. I have seen nothiug that grows as rapid | 
and strong as the Delaware, except the While 
Willow! [Laughter. | Vines planted last, fall, 
a year, fruited the past summer, and many of , 
them made fourteen feet of good ripe wood. 
Dunlap— You are located ou the Trenton 
limestone. 
Dr. Meeker, of Dongola— Tt. docs not grow 
nor produce well ou the sandstone soils of South 
Illinois. 
Dr. Andrews, of Rockford—f think soil may 
have some effect in the productiveness of the 
Delaware, but that it is not material lo its pro- 
duetrieness. Our soil is naturally drained by a 
gravel bed three or .four feet deep. The Dela¬ 
ware fruila all around Champaign county —at 
Cincinnati, St- Louis, Ac., Ac. 
Dunlap— The soil of the Rock River VaJley is 
favorable to the production of this fruit in its 
perfection. But iu all this prairie drift, it will 
not grow well. It is a good fruit for limestone 
soils; not for freestone. 
Smiley Shepherd, of Hennepin—1 have had 
the Delaware grape ten or twelve years on a 
variety of soil —sandy, rocky, and neither. I 
gave it flic best location 1 could give it. Have 
never bad nor seen a slower grower. It. did not 
fruit until the fourth year. ' It has repeatedly 
blighted, and this year 1 failed with this grape 
alone. 
Sherman— Many vines have been destroyed 
by being over-propagated, i got mine of Dr. 
Kcnnieutt, who has tho oldest vine in the State. 
It, lmd not been injured, and the result is, vines 
of good strong growth. 
Shepherd -Mine had not been over-propa¬ 
gated. 
Sherman—T he Delaware mildewed and rotr 
ted the least, of any grape with mo. 
Dr. Schrcedkr— 1 think the trouble is often in 
propagation. 1 got vines three years ago, two 
years old, with five eyes. They have grown but 
very little. But there is a vine near tho Western 
Depot, in this oily, on which 1 saw lil ty bunches 
of grapes this season. Louis Koch, of Golcctulo, 
Ill., one of, if not the best,grape authority in the 
West, recommends: 1, Norton’s Virginia; 2, llcr- 
bemont; 3, Untender; 4, Delaware. You must 
have ripe wood for the Delaware— good plants, 
and then, good children. 
Baldwin, of La Salle Co.- I have also grown 
the Delaware. 1 had a two-year old grafted vine 
that bore twenty-two clusters the present year. 
My soil is the common block prairie soil, resting 
on the coal measures. I took from the sarne 
vine eighteen layers beside. I did not pinch it 
back. It made a growth of eight or ten feet 
beyond the fruit. The first eyes I obtained did 
not grow strongly; but the two vines I propa¬ 
gated from eyes myself, have made good grow th. 
1 layer the new wood. Such layers have ripened 
their wood finely. These vines are on under- 
drained soils. 
Dr. Warder—I do not think it politic to con¬ 
demn a grape because it does not succeed with 
me. I have had tho Delaware twelve years. 
Got it from the original vine, and have not yet 
been able to present any of my guests with a 
dish of Delawares of my own growing, My 
friends gel fruit from it ? however. I do not And 
anything faulty iu this grape, apparently, tt 
lnva always been a slight grower with mo—never 
grew ten feet with un* until this year. But the 
Delaware grows ou Kelly's Island, on the stiff 
clays near the water surface Tons of them 
have been grown there and shipped to New 
York the present season, at tho biggest kind of 
prices, too. But, sir, dahlias were in bloom on 
Kelly’s Island in the beginning of November, 
fruit It. fruits early—the earliest of any 1 have 
except Northern Muscadine. It does not drop 
its fruit 
I)r. Andrews— I have fruited it but. one year, 
and am not prepared to give an opinion con¬ 
cerning it based on my own experience ; but 
from observation elsewherellilnk it a good grape. 
Dr. SnmffiOKH— It, is an early and good, grape 
-hardy, and don't need so much pruning ns 
many others. It is not of as good_ flavor as the 
Concord, but I would recommend it 
Dunlap— It bolds such a place in the season 
that it cannot be dismissed from the list. (In an¬ 
swer to a question.) It only blisters when I cannot 
get it Attention has not been sufficiently drawn 
to it It ripens the last of August and first of 
September. It grows everywhere well. It is a 
very desirable early grape. 
Colman, of St. Louis— Iu Missouri the Hart¬ 
ford Prolific stands “ A. No. 1.” It ri|Kiiis the 
two to two and a half feet apart, rows running 
north ami south, six to eight inches apart in the 
row. After remaining two years, alternate plants, 
and the following or the fourth year iu nursery 
alternate rows, should be removed. Evergreens 
in nursery should he transplanted or thoroughly 
root-pruned as often as once in two years until 
planted lu the final location. By observing this 
course, I have within tbs last two years trans¬ 
planted over two hundred specimens, ten to seven¬ 
teen feet in height; very few (not five per cent.) 
lmve failed lo grow. Great care must bo taken to 
prevent the roots from drying in the least whilst 
out of the ground, us the sap soon hardens and is 
then impervious to moisture. Grouping the roots 
iu a mortar, made by mixing clay w ith water to 
a proper consistency'for adhering, should always 
be practiced when trees are to be packed for 
transportation, or when transplanting is done Into 
iu the season. In packing tor shipments aim to 
ford Prolific stands‘A. No. it npona liu keep tops dry and roofs moist 
tii- t, ot August. It hangs on Urn vines a Ku g Mulching thoroughly to a foot or more beyond 
nm tu dim nt t in m/inf nr/thl u»u* nr mJirkftt . \ v .. v *' . j « 
time, and is one of the most profitable of market 
grapes. It is foxy, and interior to the Concord 
in point of flavor, but very palatable, and accept¬ 
able at. the season at which it matures. 
Sherman- Ripen them first rate, and we can 
eat them, provided we have the Diana or Dela¬ 
ware to follow soon after. 
Voted to adopt the Hartford Prolific as a table 
grape. 
lJelaxoarc was also adopted. _ * 
Hcrbemont .— Colman, of St. Louis — It is a 
good hearer, delicious, better than the Delaware 
‘for eating. It blossoms late, and it only needs 
protection in winter. U is among grapes vvhat 
the Jnneating is among apples. At ct. Louis it 
ripens with the Catawba. 
I)r. ScuRtEOER—It cats like an apple. Flowers 
very late, and escapes frosts. 
Sherman, of Rockford—It grows well with 
us. We protect it like other grapes. It must be 
covered. 
Pikentx, of Bloomington- It grows so rank 
and late, it must have protection here. 
Voted to recommend it as a table grape, worthy 
general cultivation. 
Taylor’s Bullet.— N. .1. Colman, St Louis—I 
recommend this as a white grape for the table. 
It is a free grower, lmrdy, good quality, medium 
sized berrv, thiu skinned. Bis a very good grape 
—productive, and ripens a little alter the Con¬ 
cord. It was obtained in tho Cumberland Moun¬ 
tains in Tennessee. 
Dr. Bchihedek— I have fruited it Its fruit is 
the size of the Diana. It is lmrdy, and a free 
grower, it ripened with the Isabella the past 
Mulching ntorougmy to a toot or more ueyouu 
the ends of the roots, as soon ns planted, is cer¬ 
tain protection against drouth and, except inset- 
lied wot weather, should never be omitted. If tho 
ground is very dry, water at time of planting, 
never after mulching. I have known trees killed 
by too frequent use of water. 
AN EVERGREEN PLANTATION. 
The ground designed for an evergreen nursery, 
or for their permanent location, should be deeply 
pulverized, and where a better mode of draining 
is not practicable, it is advisable in plowing to 
throw the land in ridges, say, thirty feet in width. 
The alter eullure should bp shallow, except at 
sufficient cihuance from Lite body of the tree to not 
disturb Ihe roots. Their vigor of growth is fre¬ 
quently retarded by deep culture too near the 
tree. In producing a vapid growth, it has been 
found advantageous to dig deeply each spring, 
just outside tho termination of the roots. A top¬ 
dressing each winter or spring, of wood soil or 
leached ashes, well repays its cost in increased 
growth. 
Mulching thoroughly early in J une each season, 
until well established, will answer all the ends 
attained by gnod(cultivutten,—many men of ex¬ 
perience deem it preferable. Never use rank 
animal manure for this purpose. 
TIME TO TRANSPLANT. 
At any time from opening of the ground in 
spring to bursting of the buds, is generally the 
best lime for transplanting most varieties. If the 
buds arc started much, great Care is requisite in 
handling thorn to guard against breaking them 
grower. H ripeneu wan me isuocmi me pwsi handling llmm to guard against breaking them 
season. ., „ . off, and thus destroy the future symmetry of the 
Pikentx —I think tt, ahead of all grapes to Arbor Vibes, Junipers and Hemlock, I 
modest friend arrived at more splendid results in half tho l 
period. 
“ For a few of his latest years, Dr. I?, was obliged, by f 
physical alHiction, to retire from active life; yet his love of ' 
the science remained; and at the ripe age of 64, lie has 
departed, leaving a large circle to mourn Ids loss.” j 
Fruit Grower's Association ov Umctt Canada.— 
The annual meeting of the Fruit Grower’s Association of 
Upper Canada will bo held at the Mechanic’ll Institute, 
Hamilton, on Wednesday, tho 21st day of January. The 
committee to which was referred the answers to the Soci¬ 
ety's questions will make their report, and a paper on 
Grape Culture will be read by C. AitNoui, Esq., of Paris. 
As the enterprising and gentlemanly Secretary, D. W. 
Bkaiu.k, Esq., is a member of the Fruit Grower's Society 
of Western New York, always present and active, wo liopo 
a good many of our Western New York fruit growers 
will return the compliment and attend the meeting at 
Hamilton. Perhaps the Society at its meeting on the 15th 
inst. will think it best to be represented by regularly ap¬ 
pointed delegates. We hope tho newspapers of Canada 
wilt give more prominence to the action of this Associa 
tion than they have done heretofore. 
Ii.i.nksh of Mr. Lonoworth. —The Cincinnati Cornnur - 
dal announces the serious illness of Nicholas Long- 
worth, Esq., of that city, the famous “ Catawba ” grower. 
His left side is paralyzed, mid Ids condition considered 
very precarious. Mr. L. is about eighty years of age. 
- »♦ * . . - — - 
Fruit Guowjjrr' Socikty of Eastern Pennsylvania. 
-Tlie annual meeting of tins Society' will be held on 
Wednesday, February 4th, at Brant’s Hotel, in tho city of 
Harrisburg. 
«_D S 
HOW TO MAKE CRACKERS. 
Dear Rural:— l noticed an inquiry in ono of 
your late papers for a recipe for making crackers. 
1 will send, two which we use and think excellent; 
but 1 will not warrant any ono success the first 
time frying, for in tlie art of making crackers 
practice will be found necessary to attain 
perfection. 
Cream Tartar Crackers. -Take 1 cup of 
shortening, 2J of water, 1 teaspoon of soda, U of 
cream tartar and a little salt Work the Hour in 
J till the dough is smooth; then roll out thin and cut 
- in* squares. Tho quicker they bake the better- 
Round Crackers.- Take 1 cup of shortening, 
2 of water, 1 teaspoon of soda, and a little salt. 
Make them quite stiff and pound about 15 min- 
' utes. Make them out by kneading small pieces 
* of the dough into tlie shape desired. Bake 
i quick. Ella G. 
1 Tccumstdi, Mich, 1863. 
grow. I believe, it. hardy on established vines. 
I think it bettor west than east. It is not regard¬ 
ed so highly west us castas to quality. It has 
been called the White Clinton iu flavor. If it is 
prefer to set early. 
If the weather is cloudy and moist, evergreens 
The Tomato as Food.—D r. Bennett, a pro¬ 
fessor of some celebrity, considers the tomato an 
ed so highly west,us east as iq quality. It has can be safely transplanted in Juno and July, invaluable article of diet, and ascribes to it very 
been called the W bite Clinton iu flavor. If it is The lust halt ot August anil first of feoptemlier is . . , . tl/ .. . 
productive—which is doubted — il 4 w one of the a good time if set alter tenth of the latter important pioputus. 
ft * I 1 J • L * i __ _ . . . • ... ■ • « l ft .11 ft TT> ! . .4 ft 1 ... 4 i U A i frw. ni A f M f^ftl A .A ft I I. A nl Anl fr. a ftv-ft 
productive—which is doubted—it. is ono of the 
most desirable of white grapes. 
Colman It is perfectly hardy with ns at St. 
month, thorough mulching is indispensable to 
Colman It is perfectly hardy with ns at.St. protect tho Lender young rootlets from injury by 
Louis, and sve have the most trying climate to bo sudden freezing and thawinglhe following winter, 
found anywhere. I have luid it live or six years, 
and never have protected it. adaptation of varieties to soil and 
Sherman — i have not fruited it, but the vine climate. 
grows well with us. I have covered it. With Tho different varieties of Juniper seem oBpoci- 
our present knowledge of it, I do not think the ally adapted to high, dry localities, Arbor Vibes, 
Society prepared to recommend it for general American Spruces to low moist one; whilst the 
cultivation as a table grape. hardy Pines, Firs, and Norway Spruce succeed, 
its name was withdrawn by Mr. Colman. 1 may .almost say equally well, iu dry or rather 
Diam-— Sherman It. has grown and fruited wet soil, 
well. And it keeps well—will keep a long time. Since the last report ol a committee to your 
It is more tender than the Concord and Isabella. Society, on hardiness of varieties, I have proved 
I am in favor of commending it, to bo hardy a now variety ot Spruce from Pike a 
smtUl frulte. I; grow raspberries, blackberries, there: It te a vc^y good pfi^ to 
gooseberries, Htiawbunos, &c., «tc., m my oich „ ra j| grapes, especially varieties that are not 
aid, under the ticee. No trees grow bettu than a t r0 ug growers. But I don’t believe propagation 
mine do. 
Colman - -What sort of a crop do you get from 
your small fruits when they are in the shade of 
orchard trees? 
Shaw — Not so good as from those exposed to 
the sun; but I have sold hundreds of bushels of' 
fruit from them. 
CUKJOANT CULTURE. 
A paper on this subject was read by J. C. 
Little, of Dixon, and an interesting discussion 
followed. 
The Importance and advantage of mulching 
tlie currant was urged, especially in the South 
and Central portions of (tie State. It being a 
native of a cooler add moistor climate, these con¬ 
ditions must be secured to it by mulching. But 
it was urged that the more manure there* is in the 
mulch, the better; and that sawdust—especially 
unfermented ouk sawdust—is a very dangerous 
strong growers. But I dou t believe propagation 
has injured the Delaware. I shall be sorry to see 
it expelled from the list 
Huggins, of Macoupin Co.—I gol a half-dozen 
varieties of grapes a hall-dozen years since. I 
expected more from the Delaware than from all 
the rest of them. The result is a weak, growth 
and no grapes. 
PiHKNix. of Bloomington — I believe in the 
Delaware grape. Jt has produced fruit for me 
the present Year, without much care. I know of 
no variety I would plant sooner. Last season 
was a bad one for fee ole growers. 
Dunlap withdrew his motion. 
I.I8T OF TABLE ORAPKS. 
Concord.— Dr. ScHRtEDER moved to recom¬ 
mend the Concord. Jt seldom mildews, is hardy 
and a good Iwarer—will bear enough if wood 
enough is left upon it. It is a rampant grower; 
the eyes break equally. It is early, and brings a 
mulch. good price. And it is a iny fruit, and suite you 
The varieties named for the Central and South Americans. If it is laid away a day or two after 
were the large Red Dutch (most profitable)'and it is gathered, it is good flavor. 
+ Vwa I tii; tv.' a . .. r* i .. . _ ..> a _t-..i ~ ..._ 
the Cherry and White Grape. A Central Illi- 
». no is an recommended Red and White Dutch Vic¬ 
toria and Leo Vursaillea. Plant 4 by 4 feet apart. 
Tm: Black Currants. —The bulk of the dis¬ 
cussion, however, was given to tlie black cur¬ 
rants, their varieties and uses. Dr. Scikkuer, ot 
Bloomington, grows the Black Naples and Black 
English (which sundry gentlemen claimed were 
identical, and others were equally certain they 
i: . . . * » . . * . i i • •< * 
Dr Andrews—I t km a good flavor but a very 
short time. Its season of perfection is very 
shark 
Huggins —Such is my impression of it. It is 
not liable to attacks from insects nor diseases. 
It is not in eating condition so long as some 
varieties. 
Dr. Andrews—I t is a good grape and worthy 
identical, and others were equally certain they of cultivation, but its reason is very short com- 
were distinct varieties,! for profit and bis family, pared with the Catawba and other grapes. This 
ho said. He makes jelly and wine from it. The grape ripens the last of August with ns at Roek- 
ho said. He makes jelly and wine from it. The 
first pressure of juice is used to make jelly; then 
water is added to the lees and again pressed, and Tho Clinton is good from the first of September 
the resulting juice is made into a pleasant wine until freezing weather. 
by adding oric pound of refined sugar to each Colman, oi' St Louis.—It will bear the most 
gailun of the juice. The writer hereof had the shiftless cultivation, hence it is just the thing for 
pleasure of tasting a sample of this wine, which the farmer, 
was entirely void of the offensive flavor and Voices—No! No! No! 
aroma so common with black currant wine, and Colman— The Concord will bear fruit whether 
peculiar to this fruit Indeed, 1 would never it is pruned or unnruned. In the south part of 
nave suspected it of being related to tlie black this State, and in Missouri, we would take the 
currant This wine is excellent for bowel com- Concord, if we were going to adopt only one 
plaintt and diseases of children. Dr. S. says it grape. There is a great difference in its quality 
saves him physicians' services. in different locations. It is a much better grape 
Dr. Andrews, ol Rockford, testified that he fur the south than for the north. It keeps well 
thought the black currant made the most wbolo- in the south, and the farther south it is grown, 
_ .* „ ./• i* ri . li e 'i . a ii it • *. •* If* 
ipcns the last of August with us at Rock- 
can not keep it in good order four weeks, 
in ton is good from the first of September 
by adding one pound of refined sugar to each 
gallon of the juice. The writer hereof had the 
pleasure of tasting a sample of this wine, which 
was entirely void of the offensive flavor and 
aroma so common with black currant wine, and 
peculiar to this fruit. Indeed, 1 would never 
have suspected it of being related to the black 
currant This wine is excellent for bowel com¬ 
plaint and diseases of children. Dr. S. says it 
saves him physicians' services. 
Dr. Andrews, ol Rockford, testified that he 
thought the black currant made the most wbolo- 
liandsotne. it clues not ripen its Demos evenly 
on the same bunch ; but this differenced is more 
apparent than real. You can keep tlie fruit a 
long time without deteriorating in quality. Even 
when not ripe it is a pleasant fruit. Its season is 
as long as any grape. 
Dr. Sourced eh—T he Diana rots with us some. 
Sherman— With me it hung on the vines until 
it dried, uml rot appeared. 
Pikentx It is an enormous bearer and good 
flavor. The vino acted badly with me this year 
—mildewed. The only objection to the fruit is 
its miserably tough skill. 
Bubach In oui' region it did not ripen its 
fruit 1 never saw a ripe bunch of it. 
It was voted not to recommend it; twelve af¬ 
firmative votes being necessary to recommend it. 
EVERGREENS ON THE PRAIRIES. 
Samuel Edwards, who has probably devoted 
more attention to Evergreens than any other 
Western man, read a paper on Evergreens before 
the Society, from which I make the following 
extracts: 
Of the adaptation of the prairies to the growth 
of this class of trees, he says - in many parts of 
our prairie region, about one-half the native 
plants, except the grasses, are matured by resin¬ 
ous sup, similar to that of evergreens, and the 
latter have been, by experience, found to thrive as 
well here as the former. The White Bine has in 
some instances made a growth of nearly or quite 
four feet iu a season, in my grounds. 
The man of capital need ask for no better in¬ 
vestment than can be made by planting in tho 
middle of a large prairie, the Will to and other 
rapid growing Bines. Red Cedar and Norway 
Spruce, for timber. Had I the means requisite, 
at least one-quarter section would be planted as 
a memento of my estimation of their value. 
And It maybe mentioned that screens of VVhite 
Pines, when timber, shelter and fence combined, 
are required, will prove quite as effective and 
(iecideuly more valuable for timber purposes 
tii an sedix idba (Gray.) 
now to grow evergreens. 
Evergreens cun be readily grown in a small 
way by planting the latter part of April, near the 
surface, barely covering tho smaller varieties, the 
largest ones not over half an inch, in boxes six 
inches deep, nearly tilled with sandy soil, placed 
on the north side of a hedge or other effectual 
screen from direct rays of the sun. A slight cov¬ 
ering of moss to retain moisture until the seeds 
are sprouted) is beneficial; care must la? taken to 
remove it before tho young plants prick through 
the rnoHs, as they are very easily broken. If the 
weather is uol moist and cloudy, i hoy should be 
watered slightly each evening. The greatest dif¬ 
ficulty to lx; guard* d againBt, Is what tne gardners 
term “damping off’’— the rotting or scalding off 
thamiana and Sabiniana. 
— i — 
govtintltimU 
DEATH OF DR. WILLIAM D. ERINCKLE. 
Tub name of Dr. Brixcklk is familiar to every lover of 
fine fruits in the country. A physician of extensive prac¬ 
tice, he devoted Ids leisure time to the culture of choice 
fruits, but more especially to the production of new vari 
etics, and originated several of great excellence. Promi¬ 
nent among these are the Cushing Strawberry, and tlie 
Wilder, President Cope, ami Orange Raspberries, Uui latter 
a great favorite, and in some respects superior to all others. 
For several years the doctor lias been In foeble health, and 
when we Inst saw him, at the session Of the. American Po- 
mologleal Society in Philadelphia, in I860, he remarked, 
with evident, feeling, that it was the last time he would 
meet ua. He died at Groveville, New Jersey, on the 16th 
of December. IlO«sn'r HOIST, an old friend, furnishes 
Uio following obituary to thu Gartl/mer’i MonlMy: 
“ Dr. P.iuncklk stood at tlie very head of the pomologi 
cal fraternity, and had done more for the science than any 
other person whether American or European, f I is name 
Is familiar to every lover of fruits, and is known as that of 
one who has originated some of the Ulifift varieties now in 
existence. These, Ills love for the. science and his gener¬ 
ous spirit, led him to distribute freely at Ids own cost and 
free of reward. 
“His office was ever open to Pomologistn, Nurserymen 
and Amateurs of fruits, with whom lie was always cheer¬ 
ful and ready to exchange sentiments. He was a promi¬ 
nent member of the American Pomological Society, and 
look a leading part In all it proceedings. For many years 
he was Vice President of the Pennsylvania Horticultural 
Society, aud repeatedly declined the honor of being its 
President. 
“ For the last twenty-five j ears lie has daily spent Uie few 
hours that were left at liis disposal, by an extensive medi¬ 
cal practice, in currying on a system of impregnating and 
crossing different varieties of fruit, so as to produce grand¬ 
er and finer results. Beginning with tlie Strawberry, he 
« First, that tho tomato is one ol' the most, pow¬ 
erful aperients ol' tho liver and other organs; 
where calomel is indicated, it is probably one of 
the most effective and least harmful remedial 
agents known to the profession. Second, that a 
chemical extract will be obtained from it that will 
supersede the use of calomel in the cure el'diseose* 
Third, that he has successfully treated diarrlia a 
with this article alone. Fourth, that when used 
as an article of diet it is almost Sovereign for 
dyspepsia and indigestion. Fifth, that it should 
he constantly used for daily food; either cooked^ 
raw, or in form of catsup. It is the most healthy 
article now in use.” 
# »•»- 
Coloring. —When the farmer’s wife wants to 
color a bright red, she must wash her yam clean 
and nice, boil in strong alum water; then dry in 
tho sun a day—but don’t rinse it out. Next day 
boil in good madder, and soak over night; then 
dry again, after which wash it aud you will liave 
a brilliant bright red. When you want to color a 
bright green, you must boil iu alum water the 
same way, having everything very clean; then 
lx>tl in tlie kettle some good, strong, block hickory 
hark; take out the barkund pot in the yarn; boil 
thirty minutes; after drying, wash tlie yarn; then 
make some blue dye in the usual way from indigo 
and a small bit of madder. Selected. 
-- 
To Mend Crockery Ware. —One of the 
strongest cements, and easiest applied, for this 
purpose, is lime and tlie white of an egg. To 
use it. take a sufficient quantity of the egg to 
mend one article at a time, shave oil'a quantity 
of lime and mix thoroughly. Apply quickly to 
tho edges and place firmly together, when it will 
very soon become set and strong. Yon will mix 
but a small quantity at once, as it hardens very 
soon so it cannot be used. Calcined plaster of 
Paris would answer tlie sume purpose. 
♦ . - - — - - 
Washing Calicoes. Make flour-starch, thick ; 
and boiled nicely; let it nearly cool; then put in 
the dress, and rub it as you would in soapsuds, 
luim// no soap, unless very much soUed; then rinse 
thoroughly in rain water; after which let the ar¬ 
ticle washed soak ton minutes in hard water. 
When dried the colors will he well preserved, and 
the calico of the same stiffness as when new. If 
more stiffness is required, add starch to tho last 
water. 
— ■ »■ 
How to Clean Soiled Carpets. — Soiled 
originated many lino varieties] among Uicmi' the C tailing carpets may be cleaned (after beating) with tho 
Ktill holds a prominent position. He turned his attention following mixture: — Two gallons of water, with 
next to the Raspberry, producing Uie varieties known as hal [- a p 0ull ,J 0 f goft soap dissolved in it, to which 
Wilder, Prerident Copo, C uriiing, and Orange; these have ^ j^ up oun(;OB ()f liquid ammonia; this may be 
keen in cultivation ter at least ten year* No other four wi fo a flannel, and the carpet rubbed 
varieties* arc at pretsent equal to those in merit, nor do we . 
believe thnt they will soon be rivaled. We find him next diy Wit A COaiHO <. > . 
experimenting with Uie Pear*, crossing Uie ftnoist sorts wiUi 
scientific patience. Several of the trees thus produced, 
have fruited, and have proved to bo of tho first excellence. 
Among these we may mention the Wilmington aud Uie 
Catherine Gardotte. But a few weeks ago he sent the 
of the Stern Of the younjv plant at tho surface of writer a drawing and a description of another kind of 
tho ground. This can bo obviated by sowing c . ( ,, ml ,,„ n , ^ bk«ck«’» system was to sow the seeds, 
over tho young plants a liberal sprinkling of dry , . „ ! 
sand as soon & any are seen affacted in tEe man- “ d aft<?r ******* or ^ 
flCr described r*vgratt yearly tali fruit waft obtained. Iu tma way he found 
some wine of any of the small fruits, after the the better its qualify. 
grape. 
r the south than for the north. Itkeepawell ner described. re-graft yearly till Emit was obtained. In Uiia way he found 
the south, and the farther south it is grown, Robert Douolah, of Waukegan, was, I be- that a fine pear con be produced in a few years. Van 
0 better its quality. lieve, the (list Western nurseryman who made use Momh, Uio celebrated European nomologist, thought it a 
Bubach, Princeton, Ills.—I have tried many of this method, which after two years trial I can great achievement to produce fruit in twenty years; our 
To Take Rust Out of Steel.— Rub well with 
sweet oil, and let the oil remain upon it for forty- 
eight hours. Then rub with leather sprinkled 
with unslaked lime, finely powdered, until all 
the rest disappears. 
Preserving Sausage Meat.— Pack the meat 
in stone jars untill nearly full, then fill the jar up 
with melted lard; cover with a linen cloth, then 
tie a brown paper over the top. 
