secured.) until nil is finished. Although the 
roots penetrate a long way downward, they 
become too thin below fourteen or fifteen inches 
to be useful, and the utmost care is also required 
in order to got up that portion of the root which 
will prove profitable. In some cases, chicory 
has been plowed up. about twelve inches deep, 
with a strong cast-iron plow drawn by six 
horses; having men to fork each fnrrow to pieces, 
with common potato forks, before a second fur¬ 
row is plowed upon it, and women and children 
following to pick up the roots and cut off the 
tops. But the best method is found to be that of 
digging up the roots with double-pronged, 
strongly made, iron forks, the blades being about 
fourteen inches in length, and each fork, with 
shaft and handle complete, weighing about eight 
pounds. The plan of plowing is liable to bring 
too much of the subsoil to the surface, and costs 
quite as much, if not more, than digging. The 
advantage which is looked for in plowing is, to 
insure getting the roots up from a greater depth 
than can be done by digging, as a great number 
break off about eight or nine inches long, unless 
a boy is employed to assist the digger, and is 
very careful to pull the top at the precise time 
that the man presses the root upward with his 
fork. 
When dug, the tops should bo neatly cut off, 
and the roots conveyed to the washing-house to 
be washed clean. Sometimes they are covered 
down in pits or graves, ns a matter of conven¬ 
ience, but, generally speaking, they are taken 
to the washing-house immediately after being 
taken up. They are then cut into small pieces 
by a turnip-cutter, or by hand, the object being 
to have the pieces of as uniform a size as possi¬ 
ble. The slices are then dried in a kiln; this 
process wasting the chicory from seventy-five to 
eighty per cent It is then marketable, and is 
usually sold to the dry-salters and grocers, who 
roast and grind it as they do coffee. 
The root, when roasted and ground, (after 
being dried in a kiln, as mentioned above,) is 
considered to be an admirable substitute for cof¬ 
fee; and as an addition—say one-third of chicory 
to two-thirds of coffee—to be an improvement to 
four times. Then I take off the surface ten 
inches deep where I wish to sot my tree, and six 
feet in diameter. I then fill in two large wheel¬ 
barrows full of loam and barnyard scrapings, 
well mixed, in which I set my tree, covering the 
roots about one inch, pressing the ground in the 
mean time firmly to the roots with the foot, hold¬ 
ing the tree npright. Fkter Siusler. 
Stepheneville, C. \V., March, 1S63. 
single Geranium, ho built up the largest business in the 
country, which is still continued by his grandsons. We 
remember very well, when quite a boy, going to his store 
In Liberty Street, to buy our first Hyacinths; and we re¬ 
member. too, that before we left. Ids son Gp.orok (a man 
of a noble heart) gave us more bulbs than we had bought, 
and our boyish heart was made exceeding glad. Mr. 
TUORKPBM’8 life was full of incidents. These we may 
weave into a more extended notice. Ue was most deeply 
imbued with a love of flowers, and of Him who made 
them. We have often witnessed bis delight over a stand 
of flowers, which seemed to ns pure and simple as a child's. 
His character was somewhat eccentric, yet he was earnest, 
benevolent, upright, with enlarged views of life and its 
duties. His death was sudden, but he was not unpre¬ 
pared for it, and met Ilia end full of a Christian's hope.— 
HorliculluHft. 
CHICORY FOR COFFEE. 
Thohl wlio buy at the stores a brownish-look¬ 
ing, coarsely ground material labeled coffee, are 
very much mistaken if they indulge in the idea 
that they arc getting the genuine article. Hun¬ 
dreds and thousands of bushels of peas are 
brought from Canada to this ami other cities, 
and made into something that sells for coffee, 
bringing a great profit to the manufacturers, for 
cheap peas can be bought for a few cents a 
pound, and " hen roasted with a little coffee, for 
flavoring, Beil for twelve or fifteen cents. We 
do not olyect to people drinking peas for coffee, 
but we do think that they should know what 
they imbibe, and that they are very foolish to 
pay twelve cents for what they can obtain for 
three. 
Yariotis substitutes have been tried for coffee 
in Enrope, and in this country, but nothing has 
proved as good as chicory; and now that good 
coffee eells at an enormous price, it is a good 
time (o test this article. Von Thakk says, “of 
ali plants which have been proposed as substi¬ 
tutes for coffee, and which, when roasted and 
steeped in boiling water, yielded an infusion 
resembling coffee, chicory is the only one which 
has maintained its ground.” 
This root has been imported from Europe in a 
dried state, in large quantities, for many years 
past, and is no doubt used for the adulteration of 
coffee. 
In the summer of 1R57 wo saw large quantities 
of this article in the warehouses of Chicago, and 
believing that the prairies of the West could 
grow chicory enough to supply the world, and 
CULTURE OF THE DAHLIA, 
The N'KMorini.A.— I hod excellent success with the 
Neuiopllila last year. It is a beautiful, delicate flower, and 
1 think is not appreciated by the lovers of tine flowers, 
and this is the reason Why l wish, through your columns, 
to call attention to its merits.— Am at him. 
fiiNOEit Snm*h. —Two cups of molasses; one 
ol lard; a tablespoon of ginger; a tablespoon of 
soda dissolved in as little hot water as possible; 
llotir; roll very thin. 
Cream CookibS.—O ne teacup of sour cream; 
two cups of sugar; one egg; teaspoou of soda; 
flour to roll out; nutmeg or seed. 
A Nick Disit for Breakfast.—T ake one egg 
and beat it up and a teaspoon of salt; pour in 
about two-thirds of a pint of water, then slice 
some broad, dip it and fry in a little butter. 
Lockjaw. - I have noticed, lately, several 
deaths by lockjaw, and for the information of all 
I will give a certain remedy. When any one 
runs a nail or any sharp iron in any part of his 
body, take a common smoking pipe, fill it, with 
tobacco, light it. well, then take a cloth, or silk 
handkerchief, place it, over the bowl of the pipe 
and blow the smoko through the stem into the 
wound. Two or three pipefuls will be sufficient 
to set. the wound discharging. I have tried it 
myself, and for others, and found it gave imme¬ 
diate relief. If the wound has been of some 
days' standing, it, will open again if the tobacco 
is good. Try It, any one who may chance to get 
such a wound. Allegheny. 
Perry iivillc, Penn., March, 1863. 
that it was sheer folly to import it. from Europe, 
we called the attention of Rural readers to the 
culture of this plant. In the number for March 
17,1860, we gave all the information we could 
obtain respecting the culture and use of this 
plant, which called out several articles from cor¬ 
respondents, s«me of whom ibought it a useless 
weed. Still, we have gone on importing and 
using this weed, until now, a halt-dozen inqui¬ 
ries before us, and similar inquiries In other 
agricultural journals, show that the people feel 
the need of information. Every European gar¬ 
dener, and no doubt most Americans, know that 
chicory makeB an excellent Ralad. It is also 
much used in Europe for feeding sheep and cat¬ 
tle, the leaves being used for the purpose, and 
the roots remaining in the ground a number of 
years. 
NEMOPUILA MAGULATA. 
The Nmojihila i» truly a delicate, pretty flower, but un¬ 
fortunately does not bear our hot suns very well, and con¬ 
sequently often fails to Rive satisfaction. We rather flunk 
our correspondent must have grown it In a cool place, 
perhaps a little shaded from tins noonday sun. Weal- 
ways succeed with it, but have not recommended it. highly 
for general culture for the reason* mentioned. The luir 
dlcst variety of the family, anil also one of the finest, is 
MmdtUa, a large white flower, blotched with violet. 
It is noil shown in tlio engraving. xV- InutjnU in an old 
A FEW RECIPES 
Soda Sponge Cake.—O ne teaspoonful cream 
tartar stirred in three teacups of flour; half a 
teaspoon of soda, dissolved in half a cup of milk; 
half cup of butter; one cup of sugar, and three 
eggs- 
Mrs, Rice's Molasses Cake.—O ne and one- 
half cups of Hirup; one cup of sour milk; one 
cup of butter; half cup of vinegar; half cup of 
ginger; a teaspoonful of soda and a small lump 
Of uliiiii dissolved in hot water. The abovo 
quantity makes two cakes. 
Excellent Fruit Cake — For One Loaf — 
One coffee cup melted butter; one of sugar; 
three eggs; half cup of milk; half pound rai«ins 
chopped, and stoned, and soaked in brandy; half 
a nutmeg; a teaspoon of soda. 
ElkhOrQ, Wit,,, 1863. Betty Wrinkle. 
ORCHARDING IN CANADA. 
Inquiry. Can any reader of the Rural tell 
me how to color wool on the skin without seri¬ 
ously injuring the skin in doing it?—A. T. Nor- 
tuup, Otego. N. T, 1863. 
[BI'BCIAL NOTICE.1 
Still Onward.—N otwithstanding the hard times and 
high prices, the -tile of the Chemical Salcratus is still on 
the increase. People will use it, and every successful 
housewife tell* her neighbor, and when her neighbor tries 
it she tells another, and thus its fame spreads until it is 
bard to tell where it will stop. 
gnbUjsUcr to the guMie 
NEMOPHII.A insionis. 
variety, beautiful light blue. Alomar<a Oculata is a fine 
new variety which we flowered for the first time lust year, 
white, slightly tinged with blue, with a large, dark, maroou- 
colored eye. Diiaiidalit elegant, is a new one which we 
have not flowered, but of which we received a colored 
plate from Europe. It is represented as a rich velvety 
imtuon color, with a narrow bordering of white. 
I first commenced cultivating the whole piece 
of ground upon which my orchard stood. On 
turning under the sod, I put on a crop of corn, 
with plenty of long manure from the cow stable. 
The following year 1 sowed it with peas, and 
then buckwheat, and the last year peas again; 
after which seeded it with grass seed, which looks 
well. I kept the lands high and dry. I also 
washed tbo trees with weak lyo early every 
spring, and often, too. with soap suds after a 
heavy washing of clothes—the more soap the 
better—applying it with a splint broom. 
I still continue to dig about the trees, and to 
relieve the roots from any sprouts that may start, 
by rubbing them off with the hand. But, if they 
should be too large to be removed in this way, I 
cut them off with a sharp knife so as not to injure 
the bark of the tree. 
I make a practice of applying about two quarts 
of slaked lime to the roots of each tree, every 
alternate year. I apply the lime in this way:—I 
spade up the ground about three feet from the 
tree all round; perhaps about a spade deep fur¬ 
thest from the tree; but, more shallow as I ap¬ 
proach the trunk; being careful not to injure the 
roots. Then 1 apply the lime in four drills, from 
the tree outwards, at. right-angles. 
If the borers trouble my trees, I look for a 
substance near the root, resembling sawdust; 
and not far from this t am sure to find the de¬ 
stroyer. I generally take a small chisel and split 
the bark either up or down, or both, until I find 
the intruder; which 3eldotn exceeds four inches 
from a cavity which may he discovered, resem¬ 
bling a gimlet hole. 
I have grafted trees from five to ten years old. 
Grafting the whole top in one year,endangers the 
tree. I have found it better to graft a part of the 
tree each season, until it is full. If your grabs do 
well, it is better to cut your scions from the pre¬ 
vious years grafting of the same tree, or to have 
the tree numbered bo as to prevent getting too 
great a variety upon the same tree. Grafting or 
budding, when done in the nursery, ia much 
preferable. 
In planting my trees, I first plow the lands 
QUJitTiiit /*/,hash jvoTicm 
Tiir Second Quarter of present Volume of the Rural 
will commence April 4. Now, therefore, ia the lime to 
form uow clubs lo commence with the Quarter, or add t.o 
those formed. Additions to clubs can be made for one year 
from April, at the same price as one year from January— 
or we will *crid from April to January next for $ 1 . I'd per 
copy, if ordered by any one who has formed a club for 
present Volume. 
CsT" We still have a few sets of hack numbers which wilt 
be furnished those who wish the volume complete, but 
such as want them must order soon. 
-Thanks to Agents and others for continued efforts in 
heha f of Rural. This morning's mail (IGthJ brought us 
clubs from Canada, California, Missouri, and several of the 
Eastern, Middle and Western Slates —and the remittances 
were accompanied with very encouraging remarks in a 
number of instances. For till which wo bend in grateful 
acknowledgment, and shall endeavor to render the Rural 
more and more worthy its wide and increasing popularity. 
A hoot Glum T sit Mb, Ac. - We endeavor hi adhere Htrictly 
to our cluti rate*, which require a certain number of sub¬ 
scribers to get the paper at a xpecitied price — say ton to 
get it at *1,50 pur copy. Ac- But, In answer to frequent 
inquiries, we would state that, In cases where from four to 
six copies are ordered at *1,40 each, with a reasonable pros¬ 
pect of tilling up a club of ten, we will send them — aud 
when the club is completed shall s«ud extra copy, Ac. This 
will accommodate those who do out wish to wait tor others. 
Any person who i* not ao agent, sending the club rate 
(*1,50) for a single copy (the price uf which is *2.) will only 
receive the paper the length of time the money pays for at 
full single copy price. The on hi wav to get tbs Rural for 
>ess than 82 a year, is to form or join a club. 
Hack Volumes.— Hound copies of Volume Xin, for 1862, 
aye now ready for delivery — price, A). We would again 
state that neither of the first live volumes of the Ritkal 
cau he furnished by ns at an.V price, l he subsequent vol¬ 
umes will be supplied, hound, at W each - or if several are 
taken, at. 82.MI each. The only volumes wo can furnish, 
Correction— Salt for Plum Treks, &0 - I have lately 
for the first time read the report of the proceedings of the 
late Fruit Growers' Meeting iu Rochester, as furnished for 
and published in jour paper of date of January 31st. 
Will you allow me a moment to correct one or two state¬ 
ments which, inadvertently, no doubt, represent me as oo 
cupying a position other than I did 1 1 did not, as stated 
in the report recommend the application of salt to Hie soil 
about all fruit tree*, but only about Plum and iMaaif 
Pear Tien. 
The Delaware grapes I did not speak of as having re 
tnaineil, some a usters of them, on the vines until Dec. 
18th, hut only until lair, m November. They were in good 
eating condition In the house on the 18th of December.— 
By inserting this brief note you will oblige, 
Yours truly, \V. Blown Sutra. 
Syracuse, N. Y., March 9, 1863. 
(Spell. Plants grown from h 1 ifrooted iu pots, 
as suggested by our correspondent, flower the 
best; but this ia a good deal of trouble, and 
somewhat difficult for those who have no propa¬ 
gating house or greenhouse. In our last volume, 
No. 33, wo gave a description of the Pico tee, 
mode of culture, &c. 
uvtiniltunU $0^$ 
Crkvklli.no Graph. —This not very new grape, but re¬ 
cently brought more immediately into notice, Is Attracting 
considerable attention. It has been pronounced quite 
equal if not superior to the Isabella, while it ripens early 
and is large arid handsome. A cultivator in Pennsylvania 
thus writes us in regard to this variety:— “ In regard to tlio 
Creveiling, or C&tAwlssa, we may *»\, truthfully, that it is 
oue of the most valuable new grapes that ac have seen. 
Its very earliness alone would entitle it to favor; hut it has 
other valuable qualities. The gentleman that first intro 
duced it into notice, K. P. MsROKROffof Oalawissa, Pa a 
few years since brought a, basket of the fruit to show us; 
after carrying it for three or four days, or perhaps longer, 
we found not a berry had fallen from the bunches, which 
you will acknowledge is a great desideratum in its favor. 
The Cruvelliug, in point of flavor, we consider superior to 
the (sahella, and, in fact, well worthy of a Irial by all our 
pomologists ” Specimens were exhibited before the Mas¬ 
sachusetts Horticultural Society ns early as the 29th of 
September laid, which were fully ripe, niul were highly 
commended u > the Committee on Fruits. These were 
raised in Salem, in an ordinary position, wliioii shows it* 
capability of ripening in the latitude of Boston. Itap 
pears to be quite as early, if not earlier than the Concord 
— livery's Magazine. 
Mildew in tiik Coosbrkrky. —Professor Brrki.ey, tho 
great, cryptogamic Botanist, says of flic gooseberry mil¬ 
dew:—“Our American friends should take a lesson from 
tho grape mildew in behalf of their gooseberries. As the 
disease, iu its first stage, like tire grape mildew, Is an 
OiUium, there is every reason to believe that the same 
treatment will have similar results, and us sulphur (at least 
sublimed sulphur) properly applied, is a Huro remedy in 
the one case, we have no doubt about its efficacy in the 
other. 
Themont Gardk.vs, Chicago. — 1 These Gardens, of 
which I wrote on page 229, last volume of the Rural, 
are to be sold at auction the 2d day of April next. Tho 
partnership of the proprietor*, having expired by limita 
tiun, these fine Garden., eligibly located fur market pur¬ 
poses, are to he disposed of to the highest bidder. Tlio 
character of tho Mill, tlio improvements, and their olovu 
tion aud exposure adapt them to market husbandry.— 
C. D. U. 
Death op Grant THORRURiv.-We are called upon to 
record the decease of this pioneer horticulturist, lie died 
in New Haven, Conn., at the advanced age of eighty-oue. 
