-AGRICULTURE 
5 WHOLE NO. 690 
FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, APRIL 4,1863 
well for this do to let the laud get hard, or weeds and grass to 
last-named process, but the shallow pan must be grow among the beans. 
A good bean drill is the proper instrument to 
plant with. Mr. Pkindi.e. of Bethany, Genesee 
Co., N-Y.. (the inventor of the world renowed 
agricultural steamer,) furnished me last year 
with a drill of great excellence of his own inven¬ 
tion, which had the remarkable faculty of plant¬ 
ing in hills. An excellent drill is also manufac¬ 
tured in Brockpovt, N. Y. Try your drill in the 
road, and graduate it so as to let out four good 
medium Leans every twelve inches,'or four mar¬ 
row beans cveiy sixteen inches. 
4th. When is the Bed Time to Plant ?— As 
soon as the spring frosts are over, if you can toll 
when that is. It is desirable to escape the fall 
rains and frosts — early beans, with proper care, 
are almost always (secured in good order, hut 
late, when the sun loses its power, and the rains 
become frequent, beans are gathered through 
much tribulation. 
Once in four or live years, beans planted the 
last of May are killed, or partially killed, by 
Friend B —I am very anxious for a little information, j, mu (Yosts. When Seed IS low, it don't COSt much 
and I know of no one better calculated to impart it than ^ oyor a gg} Q) but when beaus OfOwd hard 
y° ureclf - uoon a bushel, it Is a serious matter. I would 
1st. Which kind of beans will be best for mo to plant plmtfrom the fifth to the tenth of June. 
‘"cd.^Howmanf bSjtl pecks, will it take per aero ? If Well hoed, they are an excellent preparation for 
3d. How far npart should they be planted? winter wheat, and it so followed, 1 would, lot - in 
4th. When Is the best time to plant ? sake of the wheat, plant, hy the first ol June, 1 rost 
Please answer at your earliest convenience, and oblige or n0 frost. They ripen in less or more than 
a brother farmer. 
Gencseo, N. Y., 1 
CUAS. JONES, 
ure in answerin 
j dt. The Test Kind to Plant. 
cated. Deep kettles will answer 
1 
used after the clarification is complete. When 
the juice is reduced to the density of 2D degrees 
Beaume’sSaccharometer, it must again lx* filtered; 
but the filtering will do no good unless the ani¬ 
mal charcoal he of tine grain. After filtering the 
sirup is replaced upon a brisk tiro to undergo 
rapid concentration to 45 degrees Beaume. The 
sirup is then allowed to cool, is placed in a warm 
room, where it soon crystallizes; the molasses is 
drained off, the crystals are left to become dry, 
and thus sugar is made.” 
We have answered our correspondent as briefly, 
and yet as comprehensively, ns possible. From 
time to time we shall give our readers the benefit 
of such new fads as we may obtain bearing on 
this new branch of husbandry. 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
AN ORIGINAL WEEKLY 
RURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE, 
With a Corps of Able Assistants and Contributors. 
C. I>. UUAGDON, Western Corresponding Editor. 
The Rdral Nbw-Y'okkkr is designed to be unsurpassed 
in Value, Purity and Variety of Contents, and aniaue and 
beautiful in Appearance. Its Conductor devotes bis per¬ 
gonal attention to the supervision of its various depart¬ 
ments, and earnestly labors to render the lll’RAj. an 
eminently Reliable Guide on alt the important Practical, 
Scientific and other Subjects intimately connected with 
the kusioefej of those whose interests it zealously advo¬ 
cates. As a Family Jocrnal It is eminently Instructive 
and Entoi'tntmng—being so conducted that it can he safely 
Ukeo to the Homes of people of iultdligenee, taste and 
discrimination. It embraces more Agricultural, Horticul¬ 
tural, Scientific, Educational, Literary and News Matter, 
interspersed with appropriate Engravings, than any other 
journal,—rendering it. th» most complete Aorigpi.tpral, 
Literary and Family NKwsrArKR iu America. 
ABOUT BEANS 
INQU1BI2S AND ANSWERS AS TO VARIETIES, Etc, 
tJT For Terms and other particulars, Hee last page. 
THE SUGAR BEET: 
VARIETIES — MANUFACTURE OF SUGAR, &C. 
FIG. 1. 
The accompanying engravings, with the sub-1 
joined description, will give our readers a pretty 
clear conception as to the construction and ad¬ 
vantages of a uovol Bee-Hive invented and 
patented by Mr. II. A. ILvNNUM, of Cuzenovia, 
N. Y. An examination of a model of this hive 
has induced us to form nf favorable opinion In 
regard to the merits of the improvement. The 
hive is strongly recommended by several prac- 
| deal bee-keepers who used it. the past season. 
furnishes the following succinct 
Youra truly, 
March, 1803. Chas. .Tonks. 
i, Esq .—Pear Kir; I take pleas- 
ig your inquiries about, beaus. 
In this section, 
where beans are extensively grown, the ‘‘ Mar¬ 
row’’ is generally preferred to any other. It is 
while, roundish, early, cooks quick, sells high, 
and yields well. Its chief competitor, the “ Me¬ 
dium ” or “Ship beau,” is smaller, not so round, 
does not cook so soon, being firmer and more 
suitable for a sea voyage, is white, and now sells 
about one shilling per bushel less than the mar¬ 
row. Formerly, when the medium sold for a 
dollar, the marrow sold for a dollar and a half; 
this caused the medium generally to ho aban¬ 
doned in Ibis quarter. But learning that the 
medium was preferred for shipping long dis¬ 
tances, and believing it would relatively advance 
iu price, in consequence of its diminished culti¬ 
vation, I continued to raise it, as it ripens a week 
or ten days earlier than the marrow, a very 
material advantage when we have early frosts, 
or when we wish to follow with winter wheat or 
rye. According to my experience, the medium 
yields decidedly the best, especially if the laud 
is rather poor; it shells worse when you are har- 
I'leask inform me what kind of beet is raised in Illi- 
Ms for sugar. Also, the process of making them into 
cleats,«, n. These bars and cleats iorm a name, 
to which the combs are attached; they are thus 
independent of the cover, (B,) which can be de¬ 
tached from the frame hy removing two little 
screws which hold them together. G roprev- nta 
the cap which covers the honey drawers. One 
side can he turned down to inspect the drawers, 
when Hint In necessary. 
"By removing the cover, B, and leaving the 
cap, C, off, or simply open at, the back, ventila¬ 
tion is easily secured and regulated in winter, 
without, ‘inverting theliive,’ while dead bees and 
ox ere mental matters drop lrom tho hive as iu 
summer. Bees are readily hived hy taking off 
I will volunteer a few remarks. Prepare your 
laud thoroughly by deep plowing, cultivating, 
dragging, and rolling, if at all lumpy. Hard, 
lumpy, grassy, or sterile land is not, depend upon 
it, “jit for ichitv beans.” Avoid cold, wet, or 
clay land, and put them on good gravelly or 
loamy soil, rich enough for a good crop of wheat 
or corn;— your dry river bottom is, I think, just 
right. Cultivate and hoe them well, and they I 
will pod better, and the beaus he of good size, 
full them as soon as three-lburths of the pods 
are ripe, and the balance, with good management, 
will ripen and bo bright also; your warmest, dry- 
est land will ripen first and should be pulled 
first. 
If I had but a few, and could not see them 
every day, 1 would carefully stack them round a 
stake, roots in and tops out, on stones or sticks 
at the bottom, audboand and capped with grass 
or straw, at the top; but with several acros I 
would lay them on the ground iu convenient 
raws, sav four rows in one, and turn them immo- 
Mr. H ANNUM 
description of bis invention: 
“Fig. 1 represents the hive in perspective; Mg. 
2, in section A, is the main part of the hive, the 
upper part of which is square; and the lower 
part is provided with a back, ( a,) and a bout, 
(b.J inclined at an angle of fit) or 65 degrees with 
tho horizon, so that moth worms, dead bees and 
all foul matters falling upon them shall at once 
make their final exit through the entrance below. 
The right and left -ides, marked c, in Fig. 2, are 
vertical, as shown in Fig. 1. The inclined hack, 
a, is made in two pieces united hy a lup-jointat/i, 
(which the artist has lapped the wroiuj way,) and 
extends a little further down than the front, b, to 
form an alighting board, d, a space, c, lining 
all ved between a and b for an entrance to the 
lav. This entrance, when necessary, can be 
closed wholly or in part, by the triangular 
strip, F. The greater part, of the inclined buck, a, 
is attached to the sidis, e, c, by the lap-joint, 
properly arranged, and two screw s, one of which 
is shown at i; it can be taken off to remove old 
or brood combs, when necessary. In the back 
(y) of the square part of the hive is inserted a 
glass, J, provided with a cover, K. 
n B represents the bottl'd which covers the main 
part (A) of the hive. This board or cover has 
sections, the farmers are gradually adapting their 
practice to one or the other of these systems, ac¬ 
cording as their locality may make the necessity. 
My attention bus lately been drawn to this sub¬ 
ject by tho rather extravagant claims of somei en¬ 
thusiastic wool-growers that the profits from 
sheep largely exceeded those from cows, and 
from many dairymen becoming infected with the 
slieep mania to such an extent, as to ptopose 
changing their cows for sheep; indeed some have 
done so already, where, from the condition of 
their locality, a failure is almost inevitable. 
But whether sheep are more profitable than 
cows is a question which I propose to discuss 
very briefly, with a few figures, for 1 have not 
time to go into a minute detail. I assume then 
that one cow is equal to seven sheep, in capital 
invested, and in expense of keeping. 1 will also 
assume that milk is worth, on an average, eight 
cents per gallon, and that wool is worth,upon an 
average, 40 ets. per pound. A cow (I speak .of 
the average,) will yield 550 gallons oi milk m « 
year, which, at 8 cts. per gallon, will he, for Lei 
use, $44.00. A sheep will yield, on the average, 
SHEEP AND COWS: 
DAIRY AND WOOL-GROWING 
u*-** **vv.v* *■**•-*— --j " 
the other, and by far the largest portion ol the 
cultivated lauds of the State. This I take to be 
the true rule in regard to the proper mode of 
fanning:—If a maa have a good wheat farm, which 
he plows often and seeds to clover, and makes 
more or less straw each year, sheep are the most 
profitable. But where a man wishes to avoid 
plowing as much as possible, and depends upon 
his pastures and meadows for his profits, then no 
[ stock pays so well as cows. Judging from the 
' general appearance of the country in the two 
ti 
.... 
! 1 
V 
1 'f 
„ i ft 
-f 
_ m :_ t 
"i /_ 
y 
i .1 
i 4 
IL 
m r J 
