tfURE 
;T —’iJURE 
CULTURE 
{WHOLE NO. 695 
FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, MAY 9, 1863 
which is by no means evidence of the possession 
of soundness with which I credited him, to be 
sure—when, discovering that it was like to make 
make a hedge, notwithstanding Iris neglect, he 
“splashed” it—or Cut it off—two feet from the 
ground. Since that time it baa proved an effect¬ 
ive fence against horses, cattle and sheep. He 
thinks if he had cut it back to within eight 
inches of the ground the second year, it would 
have made an impenetrable hedge. Not a plant 
of the twenty rods had died, no borer has been 
discovered lu it, and he thinks a good hedge may 
be made from this plant in five years, if proper 
care is taken of it. 
“proper care!” 
Aye!—there’s the rub! A shepherd succeeds 
by taking proper care of his sheep. He does not 
expect to lose early lambs, because be looks 
after them. He sees that they are not exposed 
to cold currents of air, nor to cold storms; if 
cold, he warms them. And the corn grower 
docs not expect a good paying crop of corn 
without adequate care. He puts the harrow on 
cal, and his trees are good for nothing. I pass a 
nursery and see what suggests this item; I visit 
a farmer who is planting, and the way he leaves 
his trees illustrates what I have written. 
ABOUT THAT TREK-.DIGGER. 
I’ve quite a notion to tell what I think of it I 
believe it a grand old tree killer! I don’t be¬ 
lieve in such a mangling of roots—especially in 
the case of three or four year old trees. I 
would not buy a tree which had been root- 
pruned in the nursery in that manner. The fact, 
is, Nature does not provide a tree with any more 
roots than it actually needs; and when the top 
of the tree goes from the nursery, all the roots 
should go with it-tbo whole system of roots. 
And it is my observation that the nurserymen 
who are most careful to send roots with their 
trees to their customers, have the best reputa¬ 
tions as tree-growers. The farmer who Is pur¬ 
chasing trees should remember Lhut a tree with 
all the roots attached, is worth at least double 
to him that a tree with its radicles barbarously 
mangled is. And he should insist that a tree is 
not a tree without its roots! 
“MY PLOW WILL NOT ANSWER.” 
“ Why not?” I ask of farmer It., whose team is 
breaking prairie. “ Because the mole board is 
not high enough, and the sod and the soil sepa¬ 
rate-break apart. It does not turn good. I 
can’t turn it more than six inches deep, the best 
1 can do. J want to turn it. eight or nine.” 
“ Whatt—prairie sod?” “Certainly. My sur¬ 
face is too light; and i find f get butter crops by 
turning it under deep. I get more clay mingled 
with the mold, and the crop is hotter.” There is 
no doubt about it. For aside from the stiffening 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
AJf ORIGINAL WKRKLY 
SURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE, 
With a Corps of Able Assistants and Contributors. 
o. n. BK ACTION, Wcatem Corr. spondlti* Editor. 
Thk Rural Nkw-Yorkkk is designed to bn unsurpassed 
in Value, Parity and Variety of Coutenls, and unique and 
beautiful in Appearance. Its Conductor devotes Uis per¬ 
sonal attention to the supervision of its various depart¬ 
ments, and earnestly labors to render the Ritual au 
eminently Reliable Guide ou all the important Practical, 
Scientific and other Subjects intimately connected with 
the business of thrme whose interest* it jealously advo¬ 
cates. Asa Family .Journal it is eminently Instructive 
and Eutertalnlng - being so conducted that it can be safely 
taken to the Homes of people of intelligence, taste and 
discrimination. It embraces more Agricultural, Horticul¬ 
tural, Scientific, Educational, Literary and News Matter, 
interspersed with appropriate Engravings, than any other 
Journal,— rendering it the most complete AGRICULTURAL, 
Litrrarv and Fajiily Nbw8papbu in America. 
KJT For Terms and other particulars, see last page, 
platform, and when it. is dumped it lies between 
the rows directly behind the horse. A lever, 
N, is attached and so arranged that when a load 
of com is on the platform, it is discharged by the 
driver placing his foot on the lever forcing it out 
of the catch, S, in slotted standard, 0. The 
lover is then free to rise. The platform tlien 
falls, discharging the load without stopping 
the horse. As soon as the corn is off, the lever 
falls back to its place, without any trouble 
to the driver, leaving the corn In a neat pile. 
The piles of corn are left by the side of each 
other in a row so as to be convenient In shock¬ 
ing. One hand can shock three or four acres 
per day. The Machine is worked by one horse 
and one man or boy. It cuts about, eight acres 
per day, cutting one row at a time. This ma¬ 
chine was fully tested last fall, in the corn-field, 
to the satisfaction of all who saw it work, it is 
a success.” 
Now that people are about planting corn, they 
will ore long want a labor-saving harvester of the 
crop, especially in the West, which (as a New- 
Englander remarked on returning from a visit 
to Illinois, Indiana, Ac.,) is “a great countrflfor 
corn.” To supply this want Mr. Wm. M. Mason, 
of Polo, Illinois, has Invented Ihe Corn-Harvester 
represented in our engraving, which he claims is 
a success, and describes as follows: 
“ This machine is for cutting standing com and 
depositing the same iu gavolR on the ground. 
The invention consists in the employment or use 
of an adjustable inclined reel, I, in connection 
with a tilting platform, M, and a cutting device 
similar to that of a reaper. To the sickle beam, 
J, the platform, M, is hinged. The sickle beam 
and platform are set, obliquely, the outer end of 
the beam being back of a right angle to the lino 
of draught. The reel w ith its curved arms is so 
to lay the corn when cut on the 
WESTERN EDITORIAL NOTES 
FARMER GARRULOUS TALKS 
adjusted as 
horse becomes uneasy, kicks at his belly, lies 
down, and rises up again, and paws with his 
fore-feet, violently, but seldom attempts to roll 
over, as in cases of spasmodic colic. 
Treatment —Tbits, in well defined cases, must 
be active. In the first instance bleed freely, as 
in spasmodic colic. Next a thorough course of 
cathartics must be administered, and persevered 
in until the first passages are thoroughly evacu¬ 
ated, us this disease is always accompanied with 
COstivenctsB. Give a pint of castor oil, or where 
that is not at hand, half a pound of Mpsom salts, 
or three-fourths of a pound of Glauber salts, 
and in four hours, if the symptoms are not 
abated, take two quarts of blood, and give 
another dose of the cathartic medicine. In this 
disease do not exercise the horse, as in spasmodic 
colic, his limbs should he freely rubbed, and if 
wrapped iu blankets, it will bo useful, as at times 
Ills limbs often become cold. If the horse 
improves he should be fed with scalded food, anti 
that sparingly. 
takeu in an early 
DISEASES OF THE HORSE. 
It is a well known fact that moro horses 
die during the mouths of March and April than 
during the year beside; and that most of the 
diseases from which they die are caused by 
improper treatment^ as Biuiden transition from 
heat to cold, or injudicious changes of food, but 
the immediate cause of a great proportion of 
deaths, is from improper treatment of the horse 
after he has been attacked by any of those 
diseases to which, by improper treatment, he is 
subject at ihls season of the year. 
The diseases most common at this season, are 
hoo, the spasmodic, or flatulent colic , and inflam¬ 
mation ol' the bowels, or red colic. Either of 
these diseases may be brought ou by sudden 
chaDgeB from beat to cold, which more com¬ 
monly takes placo when the horse has been 
severely exercised, and afterward allowed to 
stand without proper covering until ho gets cold. 
There are instances where changes of food 
produce the above diseases, but they are less 
frequent 
By watching the symptoms of the horse the 
owner may judge pretty correctly, which of the 
two diseases affects his horse. The flatulent, or 
spasmodic colic, iH commonly very sudden in its 
attack. The horse, by turns, is in excruciating 
pain, and then, by short intervals, is free from it 
There are no symptoms of fever discovered, 
either by the pulse, or by redness about the 
mouth, eye-lids or nostrils. The horse throws 
his head to his sides as If to bite them, frequently 
lies down and attempts to roll. The extremities 
retain their usnal warmth. 
Treatment.— The horse should he hied freely, 
from the nock, say from six to eight quarts, ac¬ 
cording to his size and condition,—should be 
warmly covered, and occasionally exercised, and 
other work. The danger of damaging the trees 
is past. Some men would regard this extra care 
thrown away—at least their practice proves it 
I do not. And this hint, though it may be called 
a trifling item, will, if acted upon, save the lives 
of many trues, and add to the age and usefulness 
of many more. 
ISOAKO FENCES ON THE PRAIRIES. 
What a crashing tax are these board fences 
upon prairie farmers! Next to exposed farm 
implements, and grain wasted after it is pro¬ 
duced, comes this tax in the shape of board 
fences. Look along that line there! That fence 
is not over three or four years old. The posts 
were driven in the ground—not set there. The 
frost has lifted them, and the winds have forced 
it over. Half of it needs re-setting to-day; and 
several hundred feet of fence lumber is needed 
to replace the broken and useless boards. And 
all this in a country adapted to the rapid and 
sure growth of live hedges, and w here, more than 
in any other country, they are needed. 
“ But,” said a gentleman to me, 
When these diseases are 
stage, and treated as above, very few cases will 
occur lint what will yield to the foregoing treat¬ 
ment. But there is a fatality attending these dis¬ 
eases, more especially the first, that I cannot 
pass over unnoticed. A great proportion of tho 
cases of spasmodic colic are brought on by 
improper driving and exposure, ami the horse is 
attacked when the driver or owner is away from 
home. In this case the natural placo for the 
person to stop is at the nearest tavern. He 
reports that “ he has a sick horse.” Now, 1 do 
not know of a country tavern of any note but 
what has a set of daily ctiBtomers, who arc com¬ 
monly found louugiog about the bar-room. MoBt 
of these sot themselves up at once as horse or 
cow doctors, as cases may offer, and pretend to 
be perfectly posted up in taking charge of eidier. 
Although not one in a hundred of them own 
either horse or cow, and never read a book on 
the treatment of either, but the rnnn thinks he 
needs assistance, and one or more of them at 
once volunteer to attend to (lie sick animal. All 
declare the horse “has the hots,” and they know 
a specific for them. Firet a quantity of sweet- 
I, too, believe 
*nd himself and the nurseryman take hold of m hedges. u 1 'u no, now ot an - 
the top of the tree, and proceed to pull it out of want * ^ ^ept the Osage; and I can- to do ^ else i voluntary 
the ground. Once out, great care is taken to no T P e ,? an . a , . ... Now you say “nonse 
shake the soil off the roots as clean as possible. 1 know eve esa i cu y; u wi he sue- odier people would if tl 
It is thrown down at the end of the plat, where cess f South-western armies will come a und , u can provod 
it lies in the sun until the load is dug or pulled. “PP'f f "'; od ’ lf ’ >» deed > lt had not l * en “b- rain . water „ iy w ife catcl 
It is then put into the wagon; no covering is tamed f lr f ^ and th , e demand for 90m(J one ^ at thc £ 
put over it The roots lie ^exposed to the plautslast year wili stimulate their production. J u b conclusivd , 
»un and drying wind. The timer drives bis But why not try some of our natives? We have hoe my corD; x do not * 
load of trees from five to thirty-five miles. They TIIE common thorn for hedges. bor’s crop who does not! 
are left in the wagon until morning; then they It grows plentifully in the groves, [t may bo when all this is proven 
are drawn tu the field—if it happens to be con- propagated from the seed rapidly. And there will let you call my th 
venient to put them in the ground—and scat- is testimony that it is worthy the attention of my good wife shall be ] 
tered over it near where they are to be planted, cultivators. S. G. Hinkler, a sound man, pos- catch rain-water wherew 
No matter how hot the sun, bow exhaustive the sussed of a sound mind and good judgment, and I will continue to 1 
wind, nor how dry the soil, nor how long they wrote me, in 1859, that some years previous he then I shall hold good n 
are to lie out of the ground, the trees are not planted twenty rods of this common thorn for a — But, John, it is jui 
heeled in, nor are the roots puddled when hedge, taking the plants from the woods, and excellent time to plant 
planted. Down they are put into a little, round, cutting them back to within six inches of the of the year a man oug 
dry hole — and if they do not grow and bear root He gave them good care the first season, shrub, or vine each da; 
fruit right away, the poor nurseryman is a ras- and then totally neglected them for three years— home what it should be. 
iything I 
