little different variety;—lighter berry, and gen¬ 
erally superior article, from Western New York. 
Both kinds, however, did as well for me to the 
end as at the beginning. I then substituted the 
“ Soules" not because I regarded it. as an im¬ 
provement, only as selling higher in market 1 
have grown that fifteen years, never once having 
changed ray seed, and it does as well for me as 
when I first commenced its cultivation. 
Of Indian Corn, I have grown mainly the 
same variety for fifteen years or more, and it has 
not at all deteriorated, I. of course, during this 
thirty years or more, have tried other varieties of 
wheat and corn sufficiently to satisfy me that 
that they were no better for me than those 
named. Some of my neighbors occasionally call 
on me saying tbeir wheat has “run out,” or 
become fouled. I, however, regard the protection 
and care of seed as more important than fre¬ 
quent changes. 
MBTHOD OF CLEANING WHEAT FOR SEED. 
1st I grow nohe that would not be called 
good seed as it comes from the thrasher and 
cleaner. 
2d. I remove all the screens except the lower 
and finest—shove out the chip-board somewhat, 
run slowly through, say twenty-five bushels in 
two hours, turning rapidly, throwing over say 
two or three bushels of imperfect wheat, foul. 
&c. A. W. Thomas. 
Troy, Bradford Co., Pa , April 20th, 1863. 
Another Remedy fob Lice on Colts — Small Pota¬ 
toes rOK Skkd.—I see in your paper of April 4th, an i n 
quiry how to kill lice on colts, by Mr. Slopek. t will nil 
him bow I have done for three or four year?. First, take 
lukewarm water and wash the colt thoroughly. Then rub 
on about two quarts of good soft soap. Let the colt run 
about 24 hours; then wash with warm water. This will 
kill all the lice and remove the dandruff from the hide. 
Now is a good time to do it, while they arc shedding their 
coat. Use the card thoroughly after washing. 
As for small potatoes for seed, 1 hare had some experi- 
ence in planting small ones, and have found that I reap 
such as I sow. The small ones are the last sets and con¬ 
sequently they never mature. Try it and you will find it 
so—A. D. F., Worth Co., Mo. 
rooms, two clothes rooms, pantry of good size, 
stairs, and hall for chamber rooms. The house is 
built of stone picked up in the field, and taken 
clean off the ground, large and small, round and 
flat. The house was cribbed and laid in cement, 
and plastered outside and In. The thickness of 
the wall is IB inches down cellar, 15 inches in the 
lower rooms, and 12 inches up stairs. It has a 
four-square or hip roof, projecting three feet ali 
around. Now, I suppose your suburban readers 
will call this a band-box or bee-hive, or some 
awful thing; but I tell you they can never build 
a spider-legged house occupying the Bame square 
feet of ground that has seven good rooms and as 
convenient as my house. A. L. Smith. 
Nichols, Tioga Co., N. Y., 1863. 
and level. The rest is not so easy to manage, 
but we do not have much trouble with it. We 
are none of ns afraid of horses, and working 
around and with them is a pleasure. Machinery 
has very much facilitated fanning of late—so we 
are able to do a great deal of work without injury 
to ourselves. We are none of us very sickly, and 
are improving in that respect all of the time. 
Neither are we deformed, but are growing to age 
Cheerful,independent, trusting and happy. Our 
parents have not forced this life upon their chil¬ 
dren, either, as many have tried to prove, but 
were loth to have us enter it; yet, when they saw 
our determination, they yielded and lent us en¬ 
couragement and assistance. Wishing that the 
lives of all other giris might be as far from 
trouble and care, and hoping that Mr. Tai.cott 
may soon gain a broader and more charitable 
view of nature and its effects, I will close. 
Pekin, Niagara Co., N. Y. Della A. Roberts. 
gate the affair, and tell us what God designed us 
to be. I suppose that the decision would be that 
we should be placed upon some lofty podestui, 
robed in white, with harp, in our hands and for¬ 
ever singing of the wisdom, goodness, and intelli¬ 
gence of man, where he might come when he 
chose and whisper honeyed words in the ear of 
some willing maiden, but when he returned, tired 
and cross from hil labors, she might come down, 
supply the wants of his flesh, darn hi» socks and 
patch his elbows, and after such an unpolitical 
release return again to her formet position. 
This is the employment meted out to us, that 
would be “ elevating to the soul aud encourage 
our ambition for that higher and better life that 
Gon has formed us capable of enjoying.” I have 
often wondered how it could be that man, after 
placing woman in such a fanciful region of purity, 
beauty, delicacy and all else that is considered 
indispensable to true aristocratic ideal lady re¬ 
finement, can expect her to receive such a coarse, 
dirty, and disgimtlng looking fellow as he 
makes himself out to be, with open arms and 
smiles of welcome. Truly the wisdom of man is 
marvelous, and beyond the comprehension of the 
weak brains of woman. 
At last, Mr. Editor, we find that the grand 
finale of the eloquent epistle under considera¬ 
tion is simply this:—Woman may do anything 
they please in the world that amounts to nothing ; 
she maybe fed on sweetmeats, furnished with 
playthings, like spoiled children, but must be 
ready to mind when spoken to, and keep out ol 
the way oF the lords of creation. She may make 
shirts at three cents apiece, take in washing, or 
do housework at fifty cents a week. Man has 
monopolized every honest employment and left 
her to cling helplessly to fathers and brothers for 
support or waste her energies in striving to catch 
a husband to perform the office. Mr. Talpott 
says that it is an object worth striving for to cor¬ 
rect such abuses. And that is our only object in 
pursuing the course that we do; aud now that 
we have spread open the only door that is not 
pertinaciously closed, there is a terrible breeze 
created on the instant, and somebody has raised 
the frightful bear in the corner of masculine wo¬ 
men, vulgarity, ignorance, and all of the other 
bug-a-boo» that are commonly used to frighten 
children, with the expectation that we will run 
like sheep before the butcher. But they have 
only succeeded in proving themselves mistaken. 
We have tried both sides of the question and are 
as competent to judge of its efficacy as those who 
stand in the corner and shout their surmises. 
Let Mr. Talcott go into the house, put on wo¬ 
man’s rig and content himself within the limits 
that have been laid down lor woman, and if he 
is possessed of an aspiring, ambitious mind, and 
he thinks the position desirable at the end of 
three years, then we may think his opinion en¬ 
titled to more weight. 
As to the effect that farm labor has upon the 
mind of woman, I havo answered already. A 
naturally refined and sensitive individual finds 
beauty and instruction from everything, and 
grows better from Its association, — one tbe re¬ 
verse would grow worse from the freedom which 
it allows, and so everyone develops himself. I 
remember hero a young lady who came some 
way to work for ns. She had heard some one 
speak of the interest there was always to be 
found in all pertaining to an ont-door life, and 
sighing for change sought it here; but she was 
not ol' a temperament to see Gon in flowers, aud 
hear Him in the brooks; and so, very often that 
which would serve nsinstruction and be of interest 
for days, would call forth the remark from her, “ 1 
can soe nothing interesting in this;” so commonly 
did she use it, that it almost became a play-word 
with us. Nothing was of interest to her; a 
strange plant, tree, or fossil, because she could 
see only with her temporal eyes. Tbe past, 
present or future was nothing, even when it 
pertained to tbe beautiful unfolding of Nature’s 
laws. 
Mr. Talcott does not object so much to 
woman’s doing anything she chooses, provided 
that she > turns it to no account. He thinks there 
EASTERN RURAL NOTES 
Bkinkbrhoef’s Patent Chdrn. —We have long de¬ 
spaired of finding a patent chum which would, in all 
essentials, surpass the old dash chum, but believe we must 
succumb at last. A few days ago we had an opportunity 
of witnessing a trial of Brixkekhopf’8 chum (illustrated 
and described in the Rcral of March 7th last,) in com¬ 
parison with a common dash chum, and were agreeably 
surprised at tbe result. The trial was made at the bouse 
of Mr. John Todd, of Greece, near this city, in the pres¬ 
ence and with the aid of Mr. and Mrs. Todd, Mr. and 
Mrs. F. W. Lay, the inventor, and the writer hereof. The 
cream used was carefully weighed, and (when at a tern- 
perature of 62‘) an equal amount churned in the patent 
and common dash chum. Mr. Brixkkrhopp produced 
good butter, well separated, within nine minutes. The 
dash churn required fifteen minutes to bring the butter— 
four persons working, alternately, at the dasher, while 
only Mr. B. operated the “patent." If only one person 
had operated the common chum, no doubt from 25 
to 30 minutes would have been consumer! in “bring, 
ing" the butter. The butter from the Bhinkkrhopp 
chum was pronounced by all present decidedly superior 
in quality — of much the yellowest color, hardest and 
freest from buttermilk. And, though the amount pro¬ 
duced was, by weight, le» (Urfort working) than that 
from the common dash chum, it was conceded by those 
present that there could b« little or no difference after 
being thoroughly worked, and the buttermilk, (if possible,) 
entirely extracted from eaoh sample. Though unable to 
give the time and attention to the experiment which we 
desired—being obliged to leave before the butter could be 
thoroughly worked and weighed after that operation—we 
became satisfied that Mr. IlktNKSRIlorr was ahead in the 
line of making butter of pood quality in an easy and rapid 
manner. And we are of opinion that the following points 
in hi* claim are just aud demonstrable:—let That this 
chum i» simple and durahle 2d It operates well in large 
as well a* small quantities of cream, and can readily be 
attached to power in large dairies. 3d. It is as easily 
cleansed as Is the common dash churn. 4th It requires 
less labor to operate it than it does to operate the dash 
chum with the same amount of cream. 5tli. Its efficien¬ 
cy in churning, Raving much time and hard labor. Oth. 
It produces as much or more butter than the dash churn 
does, from the same cream, and of a decidedly better 
quality, and on account of the peculiar operation of the 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker:— Near the close 
of the volume for 1862. these “Notes” were 
commenced, and it was intended, if desirable, to 
continue them, but as it happened — not acci¬ 
dentally altogether, nor designedly at all, as it 
has proved, hut rather unavoidably,—they have 
been broken off longer than was intended by the 
writer at that time. More diligence in the pres¬ 
ent is all that can be offered. 
ORCHARD GRASS IN THE WEST, 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker:— In your paper of 
the Oth inst, a correspondent at Freeport, Illinois, 
inquires whether any of your leaders have any 
experience with Orchard Grass in any of the 
States west of Ohio, and asks for information on 
the subject. 
Orchard Grans is rapidly gaining l'avor in the 
West among the fanners where it has been intro¬ 
duced. 11 is largely grown in Kentucky for seed, 
as well as for hay and for pasture. By those who 
understand Ita culture it is found a profitable 
crop, grown for the seed, as it yields largely; 
and fourteen pounds only, constitute the standard 
bushel The seed retails, generally, at about 
$1 50 per bushel It is cultivated in all the 
neighboring States, and will without doubt suc¬ 
ceed well in the locality of your correspondent. 
With a mixture of clover, it is preferred by many 
for hay to any other kind of grass, yielding on 
good land and in a favorable season two good 
crops; and for pasture it is not surpassed by any 
other variety, except, perhaps, the celebrated 
Blue Grass in the rich limestone lands of Ken¬ 
tucky; and even there Orchard Grace fills a 
place that no other variety does; for after tbe 
winter pasture afforded by the Blue Grass is 
consumed, the Orchard Grass will afford a full 
bite iu the spring some ton or twelve days earlier 
than any other. When ealen down, and the 
stock turned off for a few days, it is speedily re¬ 
newed again, as it is a most rapid grower. Owing 
to its abundant and long roots, it withstands 
severe drouth better than any of the other 
grasses. It never spreads like other varieties, 
but in order to insure full possession of the 
ground, to the exclusion of weeds, Ac., the seed 
should lie sown quite thick. 
I need hardly remark that, in order to insure a 
good stand, and particularly on the rich soil of 
Illinois, so prolific of weeds, the ground should 
be well and thoroughly prepared, as for timothy 
or flax. Tbe seed should be sown alone, that is, 
unaccompanied with any grain crop, or as early 
as tbe first sowing of oats. The seeds are large 
and light, and in order to secure uniformity it is 
better to sow one-half the quantity one way, aud 
tho remainder across the first sowing. Not loss 
than one. and a half bushels of seed should be 
sown on an acre, aud the hay would be much 
finer and better if two bushtls were sown. In 
Kentucky, where it is extensively grown for tbe 
seed, they sometimes sow as little as five pecks to 
I he acre, but the growth is coarse and the plants 
follow too much their natural habit of growing 
in large stools or tussacks. Where it is grown 
for bay and pasture, without reference to sowing 
seed, both are improved by the addition of three 
pints or two quarts of clover seed to the acre, 
but it should not be mixed with tho Orchard 
Grass seed —it. should be cast separately, be¬ 
cause the clover seed being heavy it could not 
be evenly sown with the lighter seed of the 
Orchard Grass. A light bush run over tho. 
ground, is all the covering the seed will require. 
Some faniiero sow immediately after the harrow, 
and leave the seed to be covered by the rains. 
Seed may now be had in Louisville, Kentucky, 
from whence Cincinnati, ttt. Louis, and other 
markets are generally supplied. h. p. b. 
Sag Harbor, 1.. 1 , May, 1863. 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
The readers of my copy are from 14 to 65 years 
old —Beven in number, beside visitors — and all 
are anxious to get the last number; not that 
they are without other reading, but because they 
like it agriculturally, Iiteraturaliy, poetically, 
and so on to the end of the chapter; each finding 
in every number that comes, something suited to 
his or her taste, in tbe thirty to forty columns of 
each. Four hundred and six teen pages of choice 
matter for about half a cent per page; it seems as 
though the masses ought to be supplied with 
good &Dd wholesome reading. The “Rural 
Brigade” should, each one. see to this person¬ 
ally. Those back volumes please hasten along, 
friend Moobk, bo 1 can profit by them. 
Ber Joctinal. — T wish to know something about the 
.S'? Journal, and ask you for Information. Whore Is it 
printed ? Is it weekly or monthly ? If you hare one that 
you ronld *pare pleanc send it to mo, a* I want to subscribe 
for it — L. Court, Orkalooita, Kama* 
A* wo stated some time ago, in answer to an inquiry 
similar to the above, the Her. Journal has been discontin¬ 
ued for want of support. It was published in Philadel¬ 
phia, monthly. 
Schhoil Plow. —Please inform me through the columns 
of the Kvrai. where 1 can obtain a good subsoil plow? I 
winli one that will tear up the hard pan and not throw it 
up on the top of tho ground. I believe such plows are in 
use, but do not know where to write for them, —Guo. E, 
Tichbnor, NUrs, Mich 
Tbe ptow you want U the one originally gotten up by 
Rucolks, of Boston and Worcester, Mass, We presume 
they are on sale at most Agricultural Warehouses. Try 
Pbnpikld & Co., of Detroit. 
MaNTJKING Meadow Lands.—I s it too late in the season 
to spread manure on meadows ? Or will it be better to 
wait until after haying ? 1 am at a loss to decide.— 
Kpuuaim. 
If the manure is pretty thoroughly decomposed, we 
should not hesitate to put it on the meadows now, provi¬ 
ded we could get on them without cutting them up too 
much. But we would uot draw out coarse, raw manures 
on meadows now. Tim labor can be beUer expended in 
cording it up; and if a Itttlo muck can be added—mixed 
with it—all tho better. 
Blue Lick on Cattle.— flows Dpsthotino Pigs.—J 
wish to make two inquiries through your valuable paper, 
(of which 1 have been a constant reader for tbe past ten 
years,) and bopr. that I shall receive a ■atisfactory answer 
from some of your numcruus subscribers. The first is, - 
What will cure blue lice on cattle ? One of my neighbor* 
has a dairy of 9ome fifty cows *o troublod with them that 
lie receives but little profit from them. He has tried al 
most every remedy that lie could bear of, but to no pur¬ 
pose. The lice stick to them yet Tbe second Inquiry is, 
What is the cause of bowk eating their young pigv ? And 
what will prevent them from doing so f It there is any 
one that can answer tho above inquiries. It will oblige me 
much —Tuoa. Cabson, Tascarora, A 1 
we believe he will succeed. The construction of the 
churu is such that it can be adapted to large as well as 
small daires- 
To Cure Heaves. —A correspondent writes me that lie 
had, in New York, a six year old gelding that had the 
heaves badly. When he came West, three years ago, he 
drove him hither. GraduaUy the heaves have disappeared, 
until now the horse is a* sound as ever, apparently. His 
diet has been corn, oats and bay,—fed after the usual 
manner of feeding western horses. lie say* he cannot 
solve the question, what cured him, but would like to 
know I cannot tell him Who can * I have beard of 
several similar cases since I have been in the West. And 
I have not seen au animal here afflicted with the heaves; 
and 1 have been careful to observe for the purpose of dis 
covering it if it existed here among horses —C. D. B., 
Chicago, IU. _ 
Habits or the Salmon.—I notice in your paper of May 
9th an account of the liabita of the salmon, which, as far 
as my observation extends, is not entirely correct. In the 
of Oregon they commence ascending in June, and 
large sir-*’ being worked by power. We 
We »ay thus much for the information of our butter ma¬ 
king readers, by whom we believe the churn will, on trial, 
be approved. 
•Our readers are already 
Tint Hamburg Exiijiution. 
advised that an International Agricultural Exhibition is 
to be held at Hamburg, Germany, in J uly next, and we 
now add an item for the information and benefit of rcsi 
dents of Giia State who propose to become exhibitors. 
The Legislature having appropriated $1,000 to pay freight 
•u articles to and from Uie Exhibition, and placed the 
same iu charge of the N. Y State Agricultural Society, 
the President of Uie Society, Edward G. Failk, Esq , has 
arranged with Messrs. AUSTIN, Baldwin A Co , 77 Broad 
way, New York, (who are the authorized Agents for the 
United States,) to pay tbe freight ou articles manufactured 
in this State from the place of shipment within the State 
to and from Hamburg, iu the order of entries, to the ex 
tent of Uie amount appropriated, ($1,000). Those of our 
readers interested may avail themselves of the advantages 
of the liberal arrangement by early application to the firm 
named. It is announced that those who intend to exhibit 
must have tbeir goods in New York by the middle of June 
— YVe observe that F.x Senator Jossrii A. Weight, of 
Indiana, who has been appointed by the President to rep 
resent and look al ter the interests of this country at the 
International ExhibiUon to open at Hamburg in July, has 
issued an address to farmers, manufacturers, inventors 
and others, urging them to send their products for exhi¬ 
bition, so as to make the American Department as com¬ 
plete as possible. 
Cotton in 1813.—A correspondent of the Ohio Farmer, 
who was employed in a New England cottou factory at 
the time of the last war with England, says that factories 
increased iu number and size a* Uie war progressed, and 
and adds:—" As the British cruisers tilled all our bays and 
inlets, we soon had to send teams arid wagons to Virginia 
and the Caroliuaa, to haul eotton for the factories, payinj 
five to nix cents a pound for cotton, and twenty-five W 
pound for hauling. Our cotton and woolw 
rivers 
continue till the middle of the winter, say 1st February. 
It is doubted by many in that country if a single salmon 
that once enters fresh water returns to the Ocean. I know 
that during Gie winter months thousands of them die un 
I have noticed 
ttl the streams fairly stink with dead fish, 
as early as December white spots make their appearance 
ou the skin, after which Gme they are not considered fit 
for food These spots continue extending till they cover 
the entire fish, about Which time they Goat, up against the 
bank aud die.—A. W Syphkr, Det Moines, Jowa. 
THE KIND OF HOUSES FOR FARMERS 
••SUGAR CANE” vs. ALL CROPS! 
A writer on page 78, current volume, not find¬ 
ing all that he wishes to know in a half dozen or 
more numbers of tin* Rural says there is 
“ Scarcely anything said about cane, a crop that 
is worth two, three and four times as much as the 
common crops raised on the farm.” What does 
this mean? Is it to be understood that the cane 
crop should, would, or is to be of more value 
than all other crops to be raised on a farm? Docs 
the natioD want more sweetening than bread ami 
meat, even if a large part is distilled inio vile 
and ruinous beverages, or that there can be two, 
three or four times the value of sweetening raised 
to the aero, that there can be of any other crop? 
If it is so valuable it is truly desirable to have 
all of the information obtainable, at the sacrifice 
of any other branch of agriculture, till the mil- 
lenium, which must be very near to those living 
where it will mature. But, seriously, where 
cane will not grow to maturity I suppose we 
must he “ left out in the cold. 
Franklin Co., Me. Dr. O. W. True. 
four inches space. These shelves are bored with a 1>5 
inch center hitt, two inches apart each way. Set the eggs 
in the holes with the small end down; put in a dry, cool 
place, and where they will not freeze We have kept eggs 
good from fall to spring, in this way, for ten or twelve 
years past. 
My “Louse-Killer" is to put two ounces of Coccuhts 
Indieus, pulverized, in one quart of whiskey, (common,) 
and let it stand twenty-foor hours. Wet the colts and 
calves, where the lice aud nits are, and their life is at an 
end, without the least harm to colts or calves — H. A. 
Stearns, West Henrietta, A'. Y. 
forty cents per 
goods were then selling at much higher prices Gian flow 
Wo were then well supplied with wool and fiax ot e> ir 
own raising, and a great majority of our families ro»dc ah 
or the greater portion of their clothing from these water! 
aid in Gteir own dwellings. In 1313 our factory wade a 
purchase of cotton in Boston, at fifty cents per pound, 
called ‘Chili cotton;’ it was superior to the then South 
ern cotton, and was packed in raw hides, laced op by 
thongs. I often Giink of this aud query, ‘ Can’t we still 
get cotton from Peru and Chili ?’ ” 
“Women Faeminu.”— The article on this subject, in 
nrecedinc columns, will be read with interest. I f the 
Ahoct the USB or Plaster.— In your paper of April 
lSUi, l uotice n theory advanced by G. P. Skkviss against 
the use of plaster. Admitting his Gieory about Gie equal 
distribution of nature's fertilizers, 1 wish to ask him a 
few questions about tbe conclusions he has drawn. 1st. 
Arc Giere not large tracts of country Giat consume a great 
deal of fertilizing matter without producing anything of 
value, and will not plaster bring this where it will do 
good ? 2d. Are there not gases generated to a targe extent 
from decaying vegetable matter in swamps, &o., where it 
has a tendency to render the atmosphere unhealthy, while 
if taken up by some neutralizer it would not only increase 
your crops, but hav e a tendency to render the locality 
more healthy V 3f. If these ore fact*, will it not pay to 
sow plaster, especially near the highway s, by ways, woods, 
swamps, &c , thereby securing what would otherwise be 
lost, or worse than lost, by being used to increase the 
growth Of briers, thorns, thisUes and oUicr pests of man¬ 
kind ? Hoping Mr. S. will give the subject that consider¬ 
ation its importance demands, I subscribe myself your 
Soldier Friend —J. P Bates, Hospital No. 7, Louisville, 
Kentucky. 
CHANGING SEED, &c. 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker:— It may be im¬ 
portant to occasionally change the seed of some 
crops, possibly all, from one locality to another. 
But a bit of experience. I grew the “ Red Chaff 
Bald ” mainly, during the first fifteen years of my 
fanning. Changed once; getting, I think, a 
