in order to bring it into proper condition for the 
hyacinths The potatoes or other vegetables are 
taken up in the end of the summer, and then the 
ground is dug again, carefully levelled, and is 
ready for the reception of the bulbs. These are 
planted in the months of September and Octo¬ 
ber. 
Rotation of cropping is carefully observed. 
Hyacinths, as a rule, are not grown more than 
one year on the same land, 
tbeir place is occupied by tulips and 
and the third year by 
again, 
is trenched deeper than usual (three or 
and fresh soil is brought nearer the 
fruit tree, without its fruit, which makes the 
bearing tree almost as fine in the autumn as in 
the spring. We would certainly prefer a well- 
formed dwarf cherry, or apple, or pear, to a 
double flowering tree, for beauty' 
soil. 4th. They should be set as early in the 
spring as the frost will admit of, tho earlier the 
better. The ground should be thoroughly sub¬ 
dued, and made rich if it is not. 5 th. When from 
three years old and upward (if properly cultiva¬ 
ted) they will yield from 2 to 4 tuns per acre, 
which at present are worth $ loo to §115. per ton 
in New York market, making the profits per acre 
between $400 and $500. 
Any further questions will receive prompt re¬ 
plies and be gladly given to the best of my ability. 
The osier can be set in the tall, if the ground is 
not liable to heave; if it is, the frost will throw 
them out W.m. A. Waldo. 
Plattsburgh, June 6th, 1863. 
THE BULB FARMS OF HOLLAND, 
Most of our readers, we presume, are acquaint¬ 
ed with the fact that most of our finest bulbous 
flowers, such as tulips, hyacinths, Ac., origi¬ 
nated in Holland, in the vinicity of Haarlem, and 
from this district they are obtained by the enter¬ 
prising dealers of other portions of Europe as 
well as America. Mr. Fortune, the celebrated 
Botanical traveler, has recently made a visit to 
these large bulb gardens, or farms, and furnishes 
some interesting facts to the London Gardeners' 
Chronicle , from which we select the following : 
“ The railroad from Rotterdam to Amsterdam 
has been laid along the coast within a short dis¬ 
tance Of the sea. aud passes through the towns of 
The Hague, Leyden, and Haarlem, in the urder 
in which I have placed them 
The second year 
crocuses ; 
or vegetables 
About once in every six years, the land 
four feet) 
i surface. 
Hyacinths appear to be easily affected by the 
composition of the soil, and are liable to become 
diseased. Whenever a kind ot cum oozes from 
THE PEACH BORER 
Whkre climate is not unfavorable the Peach 
Borer is the worst enemy the grower has to con¬ 
tend with. It is notstrange, therefore, that there 
shonld be a great, deal of anxiety to ascertain an 
elfectual ^remedy. Nor do we consider it a re¬ 
markable fact, that persons are on tho look-out 
for an easy mode of destroying tho pest—one that 
will call lor very little exercise of patience and 
skill. Any foolish plan that happens to find its 
way into the papers is adopted most eagerly, if it, 
only promises to do the work easy, no matter how 
ridiculous. Constant vigilance is the price we 
have to pay for our fruit as well as for our liber¬ 
ties, The success ol one of these labor-saving 
plans is detailed by our correspondent below: 
MAILS AMD PKAcn BORERS. 
Lart year an article was going the rounds of 
the papers, stating that nails driven into peach 
trees would prevent tho destructive operation of 
the borers. I tried it on several hundred trees 
at various times during last season, nailing them 
according to direction, at and near the parts 
affected. I usuallv cleaned out the hot •or*. atwI 
Between Rotter¬ 
dam and Leyden the land is chiefly used for 
bulb cultivation. On reaching Leyden, however, 
a change was observable, the land appeared 
more sandy in its formation, and was evidently 
affected by the adjoining sand hills. Patches of 
hyacinths, tulips, and other bulbous plants were 
now observed in full bloom on each side of the 
road. As we proceeded northwards the cultiva¬ 
tion appeared gradually more extensive, but it 
was only when we reached Haarlem that we 
found ourselves actually In the heart of the great 
bulb country. 
Many portions of Holland are considerably Ire- 
low the level of the ocean. A belt of sand hills 
or Dunes has been thrown up along the coast bv 
the action of the winds and waves, and now 
forms a protection against the encroachments of 
luch extend along the 
halt your object is boiled ; the other is warmed 
into a greasy mass of half-done viand, by the 
drops that are thrown up and tall on the upper 
surface, there remaining to displease the eye and 
disgust the palate. To fry, the object must be 
totally immersed at once In the heated mass of 
liquid oleaginous matter ; forthernleis tho same 
whether you use lard, butter, or olive oil. The 
first and greatest care of the good cook is to see 
that there is plenty of liquid in the pan ; the sec¬ 
ond, that the liquid be of a proper temperature, 
and nothing, la fact, is easier if proper attention 
is paid to what you are about, and a fault like 
negligence is inexcusable in so momentous a mat¬ 
ter. Having seen that a proper quantity of oil, 
butter or lard, as the case may be, is put in your 
pan, place it on the lire and let it heat until you 
have obtained the proper temperature. To leara 
when this has arrived, have ready two small sticks 
of bread ami dip them from time to time in the 
liquid. When the heat is enough, you will see 
that the bread, on being held for a few seconds, 
becomes of a clear brown color. 
When you have a small object to fry, now is 
your lime ; plunge it in and lift the pan a little 
above the Are, for the heat must not be allowed 
to increase, or your object becomes too dark in 
color—It is burnt, in short. When your object is 
large, then you must allow the color of your 
bread, when you withdraw it, to be more 
strongly browned, for the immersion of a large 
object—a sole, for instance—will reduce the tem¬ 
perature to the proper tone.,and at that,you must 
regulatifit, neither allowing it to be too hot nor 
too cold. By attending to this you will always 
find the color clear and bright, and not in the 
the slightest, degree greasy in appearance. You 
should always take care, too, that the egg for 
your pan should be very thinly and evenly laid 
on ; to insure this, the white only should boused 
and beaten for a long time, and when spread it 
should bo allowed to dry for a little before adding 
your bread-crumbs or flour. For myself, I always 
prefer what I have used to-day, namely, the flour 
of the haricot-bean very finely ground. 
space usually given to tnjj-grown bulbs ; young, 
undersized ones, not requiring so much room, 
are planted closer together. They are then cov¬ 
ered with about three or four inches of soil, the 
beds are neatly levelled, and the operation is 
considered completed. 
The planting takes place in the months of Sep¬ 
tember and October. The latter month is pre¬ 
ferred, for if the bulbs are planted too early they 
are not unlikely to commence growing anil 
throwing up leaves before the winter comes on, 
and this is not desirable. But when such a 
quantity of land has to be planted about the 
same period, it often necessary to begin planting 
somewhat earlier than prudent in order to get 
through with the work. During the depth of 
winter the hyacinth beds are covered over, six 
inches deep, with a reed indigenous to the coun¬ 
try, in order to protect the bulbs from the frost. 
The covering is removed in spring, the beds are 
cleaned, and nothing more requires to be done 
until the plants come into bloom. The time of 
flowering varies, of course, with the earliness or 
lateness of the season, but as a general rule it 
may be pul down at from tho beginning to tho 
middle of April. 
thesea. These “Dunes,” wl ‘ * 
coast for a great distance, are from one to three 
miles in width, varying from forty to fifty feet in 
height, and when looked down upon present a 
succession of little hills and valleys to the eye 
not un like the waves of a stormy sea. The bulb 
farms of Haarlem are situated on tho inner ed^es 
of these sandhill.?. 
On our arrival at Haarlem we were most kind¬ 
ly received by Messrs. Krelage, and Messrs. 
Polman Mooy, of that place ; and by Messrs, 
Byvoet and Van Velson, jun., of Overvoon, a 
village two miles to the west of Haarlem. Mr 
Krelage has a large garden in the town as well us 
a number of farms in the country. His town 
garden Is remarkable for a beautiful bed of Tu- 
lips, about 0)0 hundred feet in length, and form¬ 
ed so as to resemble a walk of flowers. Wooden 
arches are thrown over it at Intervals for effect, 
and its sides are lined with tall lilies (Crown 
Imperial.) The views from either end of this 
•' tulip walk ” were most remarkable and beauti¬ 
ful. The masses of red and scarlet tulips were 
very striking, particularly when formed of the 
varieties known as Vermilion Brilliant, and 
scarlet Due van Tbol. In this garden there was 
also a large canvass tent under which were ar¬ 
ranged all the finest varieties of hyacinths. Un¬ 
der it there were two long beds containing lio 
rows in each bed (six plants in each row) the 
one being filled with the single kinds, and tbe 
other with double. The different colors were 
arranged in an artistic manner so as to heighten 
the effect of each other, and the whole had an ex¬ 
cellent effect. Out of doors, besides the “ tulip 
walk ” just noticed, there were whole fields of 
hyacinths, tulips, narcissi, Japan aud other lilies, 
trifillarles, Cape Bulbs, ranunculuses, anemones' 
Ac., Ac. 
In the afternoon of our first day we drove out 
with Mr. Krelage to see his country farms, and 
those of Messrs. Byvoet and Van Velson, jun., at 
Overveen. On the road sides as we went along 
we observed fields of hyacinths and tulips in 
ever y direction covered with bloom, and the 
sweet scent from the former perfumed the air. 
The fields are all perfectly level, and are divid¬ 
ed into squares by clipped hedges and close 
wooden paling for the purpose of Jesses,sing the 
force of the wind, and of preventing the loose 
sand from doing too great an injury to the flow¬ 
ers, as it flies about here like dry snow. The 
bulbs are arranged In beds, and the different 
kinds are kept together in masses, by whic^ 
means a very beautiful effect is produced, 
Having examined Mr Krelage’* country farms 
we then went onwards to Overveen, to those of 
Messrs. Byvoet. Ilere the squares into which 
he land is divided appeared to be larger than 
those nearer Haarlem. Whole fields were cov¬ 
ered with hyacinths, tulips, anemones, crocuses 
ranunculuses, Ac. In England we have no idea 
DOUBLE BEDDING PANSY 
Tiie long-lost Double Purple Pansy has been 
frequently alluded to in our columns, and was 
figured and described in the Florist, and Pomolo- 
gisl of December last; but that our readers may 
form a corvect idea of this highly ornamental 
plant, we have now the pleasure of giving them 
a representation of its appearance: 
BIENNIAL AND ANNUAL FLOWERS 
HOW TO MOUNT A MAP 
Walter Elder, an old and intelligent gar¬ 
dener of Philadelphia, makes the following 
truthful remarks in the Gardeners' Monthly on 
some of our common yet highly improved and 
beautiful flowers: 
The extraordinary improvements made upon 
them within the past ten years, would surprise 
as well as delight those who are not in the habit 
of seeing them. The sizes and numbers of the 
petals of the improved Genera, compared with 
the old sorts, are like a silver dollar piece to a 
dime, and a full egg to an empty shell, it would 
occupy too much of your valuable space to men¬ 
tion all of them, so 1 will only notice a few. 
Of biennials, see the brilliant colors and daz¬ 
zling beauties of the improved varieties of An¬ 
tirrhinum; of all shades, from pure white to dark 
crimson, and the enlarged sizes of their bloom. 
The same with Aguilegia, ( Columbine,) Canter- 
burybells, Foxglove, Sweet Williams, Ac.; of 
double sorts, there are Sweet Williams, Wall¬ 
flowers, Gillyflowers, China Pinks, of sorts, and 
many others as double as the finest roses, and 
shades from white to maroon spotted, striped, 
blotched, Ac., In the most beautiful manner. 
Of annuals, what can be compared to the Ca¬ 
mellia Balsam, as double as a rose; no wax 
work nor any other imitation of man, can com¬ 
pare with it in rich appearance and dazzling 
beauty. The white and scarlet spotted is tine-1 
qualed among flowers. Larkspurs, perfectly 
double, from white to Indigo blue. Phlox Drum- 
mondii, of all shades and enlarged blooms. The 
same with Portulacca, (German improved,) Chi¬ 
nese Asters, Ac. Of Escbeholtzia, deep and pale 
yellow, white, Ac.; Pansy, commonly called 
11 Johnny Jump Up,” with petals as large as a 
silver half dollar piece; from white and yellow 
to maroon, and as rich as satin velvet. The im¬ 
proved varieties of Collinsia, Uaillardia, Gom- 
phrena, Iberia, Papaver, Senicio, Ac., and the 
improved Double Zinnia, Petunia Ac., and the 
new sorts of Verbena, and hundreds of others, 
are worthy of all praise. 
Editors Rural New-Yorker:— I find in the 
Rural of Feb. 7th an inquiry ‘‘how to mount a 
map.” As 1 have had a little experience in that 
business, which cost me the spoiling of several 
maps before I succeeded, I will give you my plan 
which always proves a success with me:—J moist¬ 
en the map by rolling it up together with a wet 
cloth, and let it remain until it becomes evenly 
moistened, so that it will not swell much more 
when placed upon tho wet paste ; this will pre¬ 
vent it from wrinkling. I then stretch the can¬ 
vas or muslin intended for the back of the map. 
on a frame or table, by tacking it firmly ; then 
take common paste, made quite thick and smooth, 
and put it on the cloth or canvas with a brush, 
and not on the map, being sure not to leave an/ 
place dry. I then take the map from the weir 
cloth and roll it upon a round stick, or roller, 
which I place on one edge of the frame, or pasted 
cloth, and roll off the map gradually upon the 
canvass, smoothing with my hand to keep free 
from wrinkles. When dry I put on a coat of 
sizing, made quite thin, of white glue or gum- 
arabic, let dry again, and then varnish with white 
mastic varnish. c. u. s. 
Rock Inland, Ill 1863. 
SAVING SEEDS 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker: —As the season 
will soon arrive for saving seeds, I thought my 
way might bo some benefit to your readers, and 
I will give it to them. It is what my grand¬ 
mother taught me, when a little girl, living in 
Massachusetts, and now that I have settled a 
few miles from Chicago, and have plenty of gar¬ 
den room, 1 find it very useful by keeping my 
seed pure, and having fruit some two or three 
weeks earlier than others who planted at the 
same time. 
The. first that comes of each kind I let grow 
and ripen for seed. I save u part of a row of 
Messrs. Carter A Co., of Ilolborn, who have 
given it tho name of “ Beaton's Good-Gracious 
Double Bedding Pansy,” by which appellation 
we trust it will become as generally known as it 
deserves. The outer or guard petals of the flow¬ 
ers are about the size of a good Pansy, and the 
inner gradually diminish toward the center, 
forming a doublo flower. There can be no ques¬ 
tion that it will form a valuable plant for beds 
and borders, more especially as we understand 
that it has proved a profuse bloomer.— Callage 
Gardener. 
Cur Cake.—T wo cups of sugar; two eggs;. one 
cup and a half of cream; one teaspoouful of soda. 
Season to taste. 
Molasses Cookies— Two cups of molasses; 
two eggs; one cup of cream; one teaspoonful of 
soda, or saleratus,—geason with nutmeg.—II. D., 
Chestnut Grove, Ohio. 
%-• • V MW IMOft 
r. tbe effect produced by fields of bright colors, 
lying in broad masses, and arrauged so as to 
DOUBLE FLOWERING FRUIT TREES, 
__ 
A c orkesi’omdent wishes some inquiries 
answered respecting Double Flowering Fruit 
Trees, and wo purpose to make a few sugges¬ 
tions on the subject, which will be of interest to 
many of our readers. There are few objects 
more really beautiful when in blossom than 
some of our double flowering fruit trees. The 
Cherry forms a snowy wreath of flowers as 
double as the rose; the Double reach and Almond 
are magnificent. But, we have not recommended 
their general culture very strongly, as our corres¬ 
pondent intimates, aud for the following reasons: 
The double varieties flower with the single, 
when our orchards and yards are gay and fra¬ 
grant with myriads of fruit blossoms; and who 
ever saw a more beautiful object than a well- 
grown apple tree with its branches gracefully 
drooping to the ground,—one fragrant, rosy pyr¬ 
amid of delicate and beautiful flowers. If we 
turn from such an object to a double flowering 
tree, the change is by no means satisfactory. 
The flowers of our double flowering fruits are 
short-lived, and then we have only the common 
About Preparing Rennet. — Will Mrs. A. 
Gould pleuse inform me whether her mode of 
preparing rennet for cheese, given April 11th, is 
applicable to green or dry rennets? If dry, how 
does thee dry them? — aud If green, does not 
your cheese ferment and raise? — C. B. Chap¬ 
man, Oakland , Akmeter Co., Cal., 1863. 
urorum. "’ben viewed amongst the lighter va¬ 
nities, seemed to set the Gelds “all in a glow.” 
The natural ground about Haarlem is com¬ 
posed almost entirely of sand, furnished original- 
•‘‘J the Dunes or sand-hills already noticed 
Mater is found a very little below the surface 
0 'he ground—from two to five feet-deepening 
01 course, upon situation, and the dryness or 
^etness of the season. Thus two of the require¬ 
ments tor successful cultivation, namely, soli 
are supplied by nature. The na- 
ral 8 °,! 18 enriched from time to time by being 
mamL ,0Q1 “ cow - dun g- » the only 
anme used in the cultivation of the hyacinth. 
nure caa nd * 1 ? - great Eraziu K c<nmtr 7> tbia ma- 
e cau oe obtained in abundance. 
follo»in grOUDd i3 prepared for th * bulbs in the 
f eet (] . tcanner - -it is trenched two or three 
time Thl a Spnng ’ and maQured at the same 
below it , nure is placed about nine inches 
three fork SUrfaCe ’ and is usuall 7 about two or 
generally™ thickness ' A crop of vegetables, 
/ potatoes, is then planted on the land 
Mticultural gat 
Wash for the Skim.—A piece of gum tolu the 
size of a walnut, thrown into a wash bowl of soft 
water, half an hour before using, will soften the 
skin, and after a few applications will remove, to 
a great extent, tan, freckles and roughness. 
CULTURE OF THE OSIER WILLOW 
Editors Rural New-Yorker:— While read¬ 
ing my paper this morning I saw an inquiry in 
regard to raising the osier willow. I have had 
some experience in that line of business, and will 
answer the questions in order: 1st. The kind of 
soil should be a deep black muck, or made land; 
which can be flowed with water. 2 d. There is 
but one variety for which there is auy sale in 
market, at least, 7 know of but one, viz: the 
French osier (Salix Viimncdis.) 3d. They are 
propagated by cuttings. The cuttings should be 
from 8 to 12 inches in length, according to the 
[special notice.] 
Sccckss Upon Merit. — If there is an instance upon the 
records of our country where an art icle of American man¬ 
ufacture has made its way to universal favor solely upon 
its own merit* and without extraneous aid, it is that of 
the Chemical Saleratus It has only to be sold in one 
place and it is demanded In another, and so it has gone on 
increasing in favor until the products of the extensive 
Chemical Works of D. B. DeLand & Co. at Fairport, Mon¬ 
roe county, N. Y., are now immense. 
This article is made only at these works by a process 
known only to the proprietors, and is better for all pur¬ 
poses than soda. Try it. 
annual. Ur. J. A Warder, of Cincinnati, is President 
J. AcsTf.v Scott, of Toledo, Vice President; and M. B. 
liATEiiAM, of Columbus, Secretary. 
The Deserkt Currant is of large size, a quart of the 
fruit would average three inches in circumference to each 
berry. They ripen here all through July, are of fine fla 
vor, and of four colors, viz.; black, purple, red and yel¬ 
low; the red are largest, but the yellow most desirable. 
They require a rich, loose soil, when they bear fruit pro¬ 
fusely.— Prairie Farmer. 
