234 
MOORE’S RURAL 1EW-Y0RKER. 
asEgsK *& 
3 T IP 
flour will probably work “sound - ’ for immediate 
use, and is but slightly depreciated in value. 
There are other minutiae governing the details 
of inspection of no general public interest what¬ 
ever. 
OBAIN STORAGE. 
The rates of storage here affect the price of 
grain the farmer obtains. And the length of time 
it is in store has much to do in determining his 
profit, if it is held In store by himself or his 
agenL It is best then these rates should be gen¬ 
erally known, that how much they may affect 
the price of grain may be estimated. I copy 
what follows lrorn the organ of the commercial 
interests here — Wells' Commercial Express — 
under date of Aug. 19th: 
“ Buyers are all discriminating closely, now, 
on the date of warehouse receipts of grain, and 
will probably do bo for some time, which .gives 
more range to prices of the same grades of grain 
on the same day, according to the amouut likely 
to be due for storage when shipped. 
“ Warehouse charges on grain hprearo divided 
into summer and winter storage. Summer stor¬ 
age commences February 15th. and all grain 
stored on and after that date, is charged two 
cents per bushel lor the first twenty days or les», 
and one-half cent extra for every additional ten 
days until withdrawn. Winter storage com¬ 
mences November 15th, aud all grain stored on 
and after that date can lie until April 15th for 
four cents per bushel; or. If withdrawn within 
sixty days after date of receipt, will be charged 
only sum uk> r storage rates. After April J5tb, 
one-half cenl is added to winter storage for 
every ten days. Grain stored previous to No¬ 
vember 15th, aud lyiog in store after that date, is 
chargod summer storage until sixty days alter 
date of receipt, when, if it Ires long enough, it 
has the advantage of winter storage, except that 
to winter storage is added one-half cent for each 
ten days previous to November I5lh. I n general 
terms, storage is reckoned at summer rates all 
the year round, except that grain in store after 
November 15th cannot be charged more than 
four cents per bushel until after April 15tb. 
Canal grain is charged one cent for the first fifteen 
days, and one-luilf cent for each ten days there¬ 
after but! traoferred to vessels with the privi¬ 
lege of lying In warehouse for live days for one- 
half cent per bushel. 
“The first regular storage follows the graiu, 
and is paid by the buyer; all additional or extra 
storage is paid by the seller, unless stipulated to 
the contrary. Grain withdrawn from the ware¬ 
house aud bagged, one cent additional for bag¬ 
ging. Grain sold on track in bulk must go into 
warehouse to be bagged, for which it is charged 
tioo cents.’* 
So that the farmer will see that it costs some¬ 
thing to get his grain through this city. Add to 
this the heavy freight tariffs, and it must either 
be grown and sold by the farmer cheap, or cost 
the consumer heavily. All aru interested, there¬ 
fore, in increasing the home consumption by 
developing our manufacturing resources. Aud 
to this end, and that of diminishing the cost of 
handling and transportation, every friend of the 
Western producer and home progress is at work. 
CULTIVATION OF THE OSIER WILLOW. 
Eds. Rubai. New-Yorker:—As I am receiv¬ 
ing many inquiries by mail. I wish through your 
excellent paper to answer, that the public may 
be posted as to the cultivation of the Osier or 
Basket Willow. And first, the kind for cultiva¬ 
tion is the French Osier or Basket Willow, 
(Salix viminalis.) 1 aru well aware that there 
are other varieties which can be grown with suc¬ 
cess, but an experience of eight or ten years in 
our country has proven that the viminalis is the 
best. Among some of the species which may be 
grown are the Rod or Purpllsh-twigged Osiers, 
( Salix rubra;) Fine Basket Osier, ( Salix forby- 
ana;) White Welch Willow, (Salix dtcipitnsfj 
the Pur pie-twigged Willow, (Salix purpurea,) 
grown by Mr. Bn am an, Macedou Center. N. V. 
The very idea of viminalis Is tough, pliable, 
wiry; therefore Mr. B. must be mistaken in say¬ 
ing his brings the best price in market. 
Second— Soil. “The soil for Basket-Willow 
should be of a deep sandy loam, well drained and 
thoroughly prepared: the situation ought to be 
low, level and naturally moist, and if there is a 
command of water for irrigation, so much the 
better." In fact, there are many soils in which 
the Osier will flourish; in a yellow loam with 
clay subsoil on some of our hills they have done 
finely. I have seen them grow ten to eleven feet 
in such situations; but what I should call a per¬ 
fect situation would be a black-ash swamp, deep 
black muck, which could be flowed at pleasure; 
but the ultimatum is richness and dampness. 
Third— Propagation. All willows are, or may 
be, propagated by cuttings: at least there are but 
a few that will not take root readily. The sets 
should be eight or twelve Inches in length, the 
lower ends cut square, the top in a sloping direc¬ 
tion, They can bo pet as one’s fancy dictates, 
from twelve to eighteen inches in the rows, the 
rows being three feet apart, or so as to have room 
to use a cultivator. The best time to set In well 
drained soils is late in autumn, for it will give 
the buds u chance to swell during winter—giving 
a more vigorous growth in the spring. But on 
heavy soils the frost will throw out the pels; on such 
soils they must be set in the spring, the earlier 
lier the better. The sets are obtaiued by taking 
a year’s growth and cutting in pieces the length 
you choose. The sets should be set perpendicular 
in the ground, top end up, leaving two buds 
above ground. 
Fourth— Management. Osierplantations must, 
be carefully cleaned and hoed for three years, at 
least; some keep them hoed every year. 
Fifth —Cutting and Disposing of (he Crop. 
The proper season for cutting the Basket Willow 
is in autumn, directly after the fall of the leaf. 
The reason for cutting thus is, it gives the buds 
a chance to swell duriog the winter, giving them 
an earlier start in the spring. As soon as the 
rods are cut, they are generally tied up in bun¬ 
dles, six to eight inches in diameter. If not in¬ 
tended to lie used green or unpeeled they should 
be set iu water, thick ends down, to the depth of 
three or four inches, where they remain during 
winter and spring, until the shoots begin to 
sprout, when they are ready to be peeled. They 
should not be bound in bundles if they have 
leaves on, for the leaves cause a fermentation 
injurious to the willow; therefore they should be 
set up thinly, with something to lean their tops 
against. 
Sixth— Market. Some of the best markets are 
the following, viz.: for the Eastern States, Boston 
is, perhaps, the best For the Western States' 
New Orleans, in which willows have sold for $200 
per tun. Among other places are St. Louis, Bal¬ 
timore and Buffalo, in which they have sold for 
$180 per tun the past year; New York, Albany, 
Cincinnati, Chicago, Ac. Wm. McCui.lv & Co., 
proprietors of the Empire Glass Works, 1 itte- 
burgh, Pa., worked from sixty to seventy bunds 
in 1850, and used ten to twelve thousand dollars 
worth of willows, all of which were imported. 
Pittsburgh, N. Y., 1883. "Wa. A. Waldo. 
- i m- m * ■ ■*- - ~ 
THRASHING BY STEAM POWER 
A large thrashing machine, operated hy steam 
power, which has been in operation in this vicin¬ 
ity, has attracted much attention, and given very 
good satisfaction to those who have employed it- 
The portable steam-engine is ot eight horse¬ 
power. it consumes eighteen or twenty barrels 
of water, and about one and a half cords of two 
foot wood per day. Sparks in the smoke-pipe 
are arrested in their ascent by wire sieves, and 
the escape steam passes through the smoke-pipe 
as a further precaution. The engine Is placed 
at a considerable distance from the barn or grain 
stack, and the draught of the furnace rests on 
the ground when the engine Is in position for ser¬ 
vice. With reasonable care it appears safe. It 
is set in a very few minutes after it arrives on the 
ground, and has a very even and continuous mo¬ 
tion,— just such speed, in fact, as the thrasher 
wishes. 
The machine moved to the spot on my farm in 
the morning, was in full operation by twenty 
minutes past eight o'clock, and thrashed and 
nicely cleaned five hundred bushels of wheat by 
dusk in tho evening. From my farm it moved to 
a neighbors, where, in one hour over a day 
and a half, it thrashed six hundred and eighty 
bushels of wheat and three hundred bushels of 
oats, setting twice. At the next neighbor’s it 
thrashed one thousand four hundred and fifty 
bushels of wheat and eight acres of oats in three 
and one-fourth days, Betting three times. The 
proprietor informed me that his greatest perform¬ 
ance had been five hundred bushels of wheat 
thrashed between noon and late in the evening. 
All who have had grain thrashed by it, as far as 
I have heard, are much pleased with its per¬ 
formance, and are inclined to the opinion that 
steam will supersede horse-power for thrashing 
where water can be readily obtained. 
Milan, Erie Co , O., 1863. Pbtkii Hathaway. 
SHEEP SHEDS, BARNS AND RACKS. 
Friend Rural Some time since I saw a 
request for a plan of a sheep shed in your 
columns, and as no one answered it I thought I 
would. 
In the first place I would never build a shed, 
but. a barn; for it costs no more for a roof to a 
barn than it does a shed—the only difference is 
in the siding and the length of the posts. The 
barn I have used for the last two winters is built 
28 by 48 feet, with 12 feet posts. We use it in the 
summer for a milking barn. It has two rows of 
stanchions running lengthwise, 8 feet apart, und 
in the fall I take out the stanchions and pnt up 
feed racks for sheep. I put them the same dis¬ 
tance apart as the stanchions were, with a pas¬ 
sage across one end from one stable to the other. 
The best racks 1 know of are made by putting 
one board ten Inches wide at the bottom and 
another six inches wide at the top. Put them 18 
inches apart, with a piece of board nailed on 
once in 8 or 10 inches, according to tho kind of 
sheep you have. For fine wool sheep six inches 
is far enough apart. The boards should be about 
a font wide. Then for a manger set a wide 
board with the bottom four inches from the rack 
slanting in towards the alley, and a narrow one 
from the bottom of that against the side of the 
rack, and you have a manger which is suitable 
for grain or bay. A barn built in this style will 
accommodate sixty sheep, giving to each one 16 
square feet. 1 would advise any one to build 
with posts lfi feet high, as it makes so much more 
room for hay overhead. m. m. 
Charlotte, Chatauqua Co., N. Y., Aug. 1S6S. 
--»•«-» 
MORE ABOUT FLAX CULTURE. 
In the Rural of June 27, ’63, I noticed S. 
Epson’s experience iu pulling and rotting flax, 
llig way is very good. 1 have tried it in part. 
In thrashing off the seed and rotting I differ a 
Bttle. After it is hauled on the barn floor and 
stood round a few days, be sure and get a nice 
'sunshiny day to get the seed out. Open your 
barn doors wide, and on the sunshiny side get up 
your flax on the root ends to take the sun; then 
get a heavy pork or cider barrel, turn it over on 
the side, make It lay firm on the floor, take up 
one of the flax bundles, pull the band which it is 
tied up by down to the root ends, grasp the root 
ends tight by both bands, then whip the seed 
end over the side of the barrel. Put five or eight 
little bundles together and tie all up in a large 
bundle. 
I prefer the month of March to dew-rot my flax 
when the sign is in the head. I believe in signs. 
Lay your flax down to rot at that time and it will 
not be hard to pull up out of the grass. It will 
lay on the top of the grass as it grows and be 
easier to turn over. A rake handle is a good 
thing to turn it with. I believe by rotting 11 ax in 
March the lint is stronger, and it whitens better 
and makes whiter linen. The dews in Septem¬ 
ber and hot sun weaken and black the lint so 
it never becomes so white as dew-rotting in 
March. Rural readers, try my plan before you 
condemn it, and if any one can give us more light 
on dew-rotting flax I for one shall tie glad to hear 
from you. Jas. Welch. 
Harlem, Delaware Co., O. 
Corn Stalk Rake.— Take a piece of timber 
6x6 and 12 feet long, or loog enough to cover the 
width of three rows. Into this bore twelve 
2 inch holes and insert teeth made of strong tim¬ 
ber, ami about two feet long; at right angles to 
the teeth insert two strong poles, 12 feet long, and 
and far enough apart to just paaa between the 
ptakCH of the wagon, resting on the bind bolster. 
Put two pins into the poles to draw against the 
bolster; get on the fore end of the wagon aud 
drive astride of the middle row, und when the 
rake Is full bear on the ends of the poles, w hich 
will lift the rakohead and discharge tho corn¬ 
stalks. The stalks should be previously cut 
either with a corn-cutter, scythe, hoe, or a reaper, 
or in any other way most convenient.—S. W. 
Arnold, Cortland, 111. 
fhiral spirit of the 3?re.s$, 
Harvesting Corn. 
The Corn crop is harvested by three modes, 
—by hogging down, by cutting up, aud by gath¬ 
ering in the ear alone. The old mode of the 
Middle States, by topping, may be regarded as 
out of date and general practice, as may also the 
Southern one, of pulling the blades. 
A vast portion of the com crop in Indiana, 
Illinois, Ohio and Kentucky, is consumed by turn¬ 
ing hogs upon it as Boon as the grain logins to 
harden, or about the middle of September. It 
keeps the stalks, leaves, shucks and cobs on the 
ground, together with the rich manure of the 
bogs. Nothiug but the increased fat on them is 
taken away. TUb mode, has sustained the soil 
in producing the great crops of alluvial lands, a* 
ranch as their occasional overflowing, as the 
expense of gathering and feeding out makes it 
a matter of great importance where labor is 
scarce and its wages high. 
A second mode is by cutting up. This is much 
practiced on our Western prairies, especially 
where a large number of cattle are raised. The 
time of cutting up is important, and is always 
designated by the ear. Wheu the shuck on it 
has turned brown, and is loose and open on the 
end of it, then is the only proper time to cut up 
corn. Nature then indicates that the ear is per¬ 
fectly matured, and that the whole plant is pre¬ 
pared to dry speedily. But many fanners, in¬ 
stead of looking to the condition of tho plant, 
consult their leisure time, or their desire to put 
a crop of wheat in the ground, or rely on the 
weather to dry up the stalks and blades, and so 
commence culling too soon. The shuck being 
very tight, the grain cannot dry sufilciently to 
prevent moulding, and not unfrequently, espe¬ 
cially in dry weather, the blades and stalks also 
mould. In irregular seasons the corn ripens 
very irregularly, und then it should not be cut 
up until most of the latest ripening are in the 
condition I have mentioned. At that time the 
most forward stalks will be entirely dried up. but 
they still make excellent fodder. 
The best mode of cutting is with a heavy corn- 
knife, aud striking with the point up —by an 
understroke, as it is called. If the knife is 
raised and the stroke downward, the weight of 
tho knife tires the muscles of the arm aud Bboul- 
der, and weakens the wrist. The point of the 
knife, too, is always entering the ground, and is 
soon dulled. But in the understroke the knife is 
turned upward as it pusses through the hill, and 
escapes the ground. But its greatest advantage 
is in the. fact that the knife is swung, but not 
raised, thus enabling the cutter to use a heavier 
knife. 
Two rows are cut at the same time, and six 
hills are thrown together, for, when carried to 
be set up, two of these bunches usually make a 
sufficient armful. 
The best and most expeditious mode of set¬ 
ting up the shocks is the following:—A shock 
should contain twelve to sixteen hills square, 
according to the size of the corn. The stalks of 
four hills, in the center of this number of bills, 
should be bent and lapped together. The two 
rows in which these four hills are should be cut 
down, and set up in each of the four divisions 
made by the bending of the four center hills. 
The stalks should then be tied together with the 
inner bark of the linn or basswood tree. The 
rest of the hills may then be cut down and set 
up around these. They should be set up as 
straight as they will conveniently stand, and 
immediately tied with a band of the same bark, 
or of the grape vine, or of broom corn. In 
about ten days, when the stalks are seasoned or 
shrunk, these bands should be tightened; if not, 
the stalks are liabl ? to slip around each other 
and fall down in a cork-screw twist, when the 
fodder is easily and rapidly spoiled. But if prop¬ 
erly set up and tied, they will remain uninjured 
during the winter. 
The time when corn is cut up is one of com¬ 
parative leisure, and in no other way can so 
much feed be saved in the same length of time. 
But when farmers sell the corn, they gather the 
ears from the stalks in wagons, usually husking 
it in the field. It is then cribbed, generally in 
covered rail pens, where it is kept until sold. 
But to retain the sweet and fine flavor of com 
for broad and mush, it should be gathered with 
the husk on, and not husked until used. This 
method keeps it from the air, and what i3 much 
worse than air, the rats and mice, which not only 
waste much of it, but give an unpleasant flavor 
to the corn when ground into meal. 
An evil of no little magnitude follows this 
mode of harvesting. In order to get some return 
from the stalks besides their return to the soil, 
cattle and horses are turned into the field to eat 
them. If this were done when the ground is 
hard aud frozen, it would not be objectionable, 
but when once in, they are suffered to have 
access to the field until spring, when the soil is 
trampled into clods that cannot be pulverized 
until frozen in the ensuing winter. The loss is 
ten-fold greater than the expense of cutting tre 
and hauling out the fodder.— Lbwis Bollma 
Bloomington. Ind. 
Mowing Pastures, 
We have often spoken of the advantage of 
keeping pastures free from the dead grasa, which, 
where the crop in not fed off, will accumulate. 
After grass has gone to seed, It ig refused by 
stock, and the patches where it lies will lie left, 
even after a new growth Is started. Tho old 
grass makes the new sour and unpalatable. To 
keep the grass sweet, the pasture should be 
cleared off at least once a year. On a late visit 
to the farm of the Rev. C. C. Sewall, ofMedfleld, 
he called the attention of the writer and other 
persons to some hay which he had cut in the pas¬ 
tures. Finding, after many years’ experience, 
that during the flush of feed in the fore part of 
the season, his cows wonld leave certain places 
almost untouched, and which were, conse¬ 
quently, about lost so far as to yielding any 
return, he mowed them, obtaining a considerable 
quantity of hay. This was done last year; and 
finding a decided advantage from the operation, 
he has repeated it the present season. The buy 
obtained in the pasture is of good quality, con¬ 
sisting in a great degree of the Kentucky blue- 
grass, ( Foa pralensis,) with a mixture of oilier 
early species. Mr. Sewall finds that by tnowiug 
the grass, the cows feed off the succeeding growth 
and all the pasture iH kept smooth and clean. 
By this means the cowb actually get more feed 
than they would otherwise, as the rejected spots 
would have remained untouched if the growth, 
had not been cleared off. The same thing might 
bo done with the same advantage in thousands 
of other cases.— Boston Cultivator. 
Farming in New Mexico. 
A oorbespondknt of the JPteconrin Farm¬ 
er, writing at Barclay’s Fort, New Mexioo, gives 
an interesting statement of facte in relation to 
this portion of the country, from which we copy 
the following: 
“The lauds which are cultivated are produc¬ 
tive to a degree perfectly astounding to a 
stranger, when the mode of cultivation they 
have undergone, and exposure suffered for all 
past time, are taken into the account. Some¬ 
time in the month of April, May or June, and 
the people are not very particular about the 
time, all the weeds and vegetables on the land 
are burned up, and the water is let out of the 
ditch upon the piece of land to Ik.* cultivated, 
and is made to rtm over every part of it. With¬ 
out this tho laud is too hard for plowing. The 
seed, if wheat, oats, barley or peas, is then sown 
over the land, and plowed in, generally, with a 
Mexican plow, never more than three inches 
deep; after which a log is drawn sideways over 
the land and the small ditches cut for future 
waterings, and the work is done till watering 
time arrives. Corn is planted in the same man¬ 
ner, except the seed is placed in the bottom of 
the furrow at proper distances apart, and is cov¬ 
ered by (be next furrow. Crops require about 
two waterings to perfect them. The yield ex¬ 
ceeds belief. Wheat, which excels all other 
crops, not unfrequently gives fifty times the 
amount sowd, and is of a superior quality. A 
hundred to one has been known. 
Medicine to Horses. 
I consider the usual method of giving 
medicine to horses, by drenching, as it is called, 
highly objectionable. I n this process the horse’s 
bead iB raised and held up, a bottle introduced 
into his mouth, his tongue pulled out, and the 
liquid poured down. In his struggle some bt 
the mediciue is quite likely to be drawn into his 
wind-pipe and lungs, and inflammation and fatal 
results sometimes follow. A bettor way is to 
mix the medicine with meal, or rye bran; make 
it into balls, pull out the horse's tongue and 
place a ball as far back in his mouth its possible, 
then release his tongue: he will almost certainly 
swallow the ball. Or, the dose may be mixed 
with meal and honey, or any other substance 
that will form a kind of jelly, placed upon a 
small wooden blade made of a shingle, and 
thrust into the back part of his mouth, when he 
will very easily swallow it.— Patent Office Agri¬ 
cultural Report. 
What a Woman Can Do.—J. B. Bard well, 
Worcester Co., Mass., writes to the American 
Agriculturist, that an unmarried woman of that 
place, now over eighty years old, a few years 
since bought a farm for $5,300, and recently 
added to it a pasture lot costing $500 more. She 
had accumulated the whole by doing housework 
at $1,50 per week, and putting her savings at 
interest. She formerly let the farm to tenants, 
but not liking their doings, last year she as¬ 
sumed the management, and with the help of 
one man, carried on ihe business. She kept six¬ 
teen cows, attended personally to the dairy, and 
attended her own housework, besides doing the 
marketing, etc. A large class of young men 
who are idly “waiting for something to turn 
up,” should take lessouB from this old lady. 
The Cultivation of Wool has taken a long 
stride ahead in the past two years. The home 
consumption, it is said, reaches one hundred and 
twenty-six millions of pounds, of which fifty 
millions go to clothe the army, and one million the 
navy. Many portions of the North-West are very 
favorable to sheep culture, and in due time wool 
must be a staple production.— Wool Grower and 
Manufacturer. 
Rural Notes atii) Items. 
The Weather—Frost, &o.— The weather of last week 
was remarkably cool for the season. Fires and overcoats 
were in demand for several days, especially evenings tn( j 
mornings, in this region, and there were frosts in , OJne 
localities. We hear of no material damage to crops in 
Western New York. Accounts from the West, however 
first represented the damage from frost as very severe— 
ttaoogh later dates are more favorable, and lead us to inf® 
■ facts were, exaggerated Recent Chicago paper,repre 
sent the calamity as much loss severe than was at first 
represented, and the Tribune " confidently hopes that 
when the harvest begins, we shall have only occasional 
reminders that the j it 1 Id, particularly of corn, is materially 
less than the country had reason to expect." [See'item 
from our Western Aid, of Chicago, below.] 
What of tbk Frost is thk West?—The tidings that 
come to us from a very large area tell us of disaster to 
corn, buckwheat, vine crops, tobacco, broom corn, sor- 
ghtun and cotton. The damage is enormous, no doubt of 
it. Yet wc hope It will not prore to be so bad as the first 
reports make It. Hnt If It should, no one can help it. 
There is no use putting on sackcloth about and croaking 
over it tho next six months. Let us sen if the Iosb may 
not be made to yield tw some gain. Where has the frost 
done the most mischief V On the low lauds? Is there 
any difference iu Uie amount of damage done there ? Has 
the best draiued Und escaped Y Have y ou noticed ? On 
the uplands considerable corn has been injured—so the 
reports come to us. Hut " singular freaks of tie frost" 
arc talked about. What about those "singular freaks f” 
What are the cause* ? There are causes. Is it difference 
in elevation, in exposure, or in drainage 1 How about, the 
warm surfaces and current* of air of higher temperature'* 
Close under your timber belts and grove*, if you have 
looked, tell us whether tho corn is cut, and tho buck 
wheat killed; aud if in the name vicinity, though exposed 
to the wind from a stretch of prairie, the. grain has mar 
vclotwly escaped ? Lot tho frost iearu us something. Lei 
there be some gain to n* of a better knowledge of the 
laws governing such phenomena, out of the great loai 
Which the ravages of tho Frost King has entailed Let n* 
spend little time iu idle regrets, but set about mending 
the matter so far as it is In our power, aud learning how 
to prevent such disasters so far as it uiay be in tho power 
of man to prevent them 
There t» another view of the case which farmers should 
take. Their lose, in the aggregate, belongs to the whole 
country. For whatever diminishes the supply of food 
appreciates the price to the consumer. The consumer, 
therefore, feels these afflictions as sensitively as thofarawr 
can, unless he lose* all that he has produced. Farmery at 
a class, then, do not suffer as much in consequence udo 
consumers—for compensation comes to them in enhasced 
prices. Pray tell ns what you learn.—o. U. b 
Advertise thh Fairs.— Though it may be »i tho 
eleventh hour we have a suggestion to make to the office® 
of Agricultural Societies which are to hold Fair* this fall 
It ia thin —AdterUte tbr time imd place of Fair, ind also 
publish premium list, rules and regulBfioo*- etc > »«folly 
se possible, in local paper*, bills, ko. Printer * ink, ju 
diciously distributed, U the beat investment you can m*ke, 
and, with proper personal effort, will generally n ouns a 
successful result. There i* little or no u»c in offering 
handeome premiums unless you make the fact piteut to 
the public. The people are entitled to yonr programme 
and no Society, however •nccewful In former years, tea 
afford to ignore advertising. Tho officer* of some ne 
gauizatiotu seem to think their machine* will run withoc 
turning the cranks, but they will <-re long discover tint 
"eternal vigilance is the price of” sucrose. And when 
yon have your bill* anil premium lists printed don't Wglot 
to circulate them until “ a day offer the Fair." It i» poo# 
policy to say the lea-t. Another thing—it is important tn 
notify Superintendents aud Judge* of their appointment, 
and secure their acceptance, before announcing them 
officially, 
Tun Rural is thk Akby— During the past few week* 
we have received au unususl number of remittances from 
members of tho Union Army, including several club- from 
Virginia aud the South west As a specimen of Uie let¬ 
ter* we are receiving, we give this from Warrentou June 
tton, Va , uuder date ol Sept 8*.—" Dear old irieud 
Rural— doubly dear that you find me away down hare in 
the woods of ‘Old Virginia' I have known ,*on for 
twelve years, and I love you better and better When 
time after time, 1 am disappointed In hearing froni 
my dear little onet at home, aloug cornea my true old 
friend, the Rural, with its pleasant face and words 
good cheer and love, to shorteu the time to tho next mail 
And not to mo only, for it find* many admirers here 
have introduced tt into a rank 60 C**h family of marktJ 
intelligence, with whom I have become acquainted. D»S 
live the RUSAL, and may it be borne with the flight of ott 
cherished bird (the American Eagle) to the Gulf of 
iCO.—L. 11." 
Cashjuckk Goats in Socthkrx Nkw York —Mr 
A. Waldo, of Pittsburgh, Steuben County, write' W on 
as follows:—" As you expressed a wish, t will givey»a» 
short sketch of my Cashmere Goats. I have just vrted 
in this new enterprise. Last May I purchased of toe hock 
in Mr. CBBNXKY’a bauds, three animals, two graces and 
one pure bred. I have also sent through Mr. Chxxebt as 
an importer, for a small flock from their native country, 
which I expect in October ensuing. Have also purchased 
of Mr. Williams live of his grade ewes, which will 8 ive 
mo the cross of three Importations, if those expected m 
October arrive safely. 1 have seeu Mr. Si'K.vcsk’s flock, 
near Genesco, also a notice of the sale iu Kukal 22d ult 
In it It was said that they were the first pure Cashmeres 
iu our State. [They are high grade*, not pure bred, but 
are perhaps equal in most respects to pure bred goats; the 
prices would not warrant them pure bloods Mr. 8. lias, 
however, an excellent start in breeding Cashmeres I 
was quite anxious to secure mine iu time for the Fair *• 
Utica, but shall only be able to have one pure blood kid 
with some grades, which I Intend to exhibit at the Fah 
I have watched the progress of breeding of Cashmeres l» 
our country for throe or four years with much interest 
Personal—H on. John Wentworth has been seated 
and solicited to deliver the annual address before the Sta 
Agricultural Society of Minnesota, at Fort Suelliog, P' 
tember 30lh. , His life 
Gen. Oollamore, Mayor of Lawrence, who lost to* uie 
during the late burning and sacking of that city, uCCU P I ® 
a prominent position as au agricultunri-ospeua y a 
stock man. Ho had made large purchases of *“ 
Illinois sometime ago; and about a mouth before is ea 
engaged of Hon. John Wentworth every sheep he hm 
to spare. He was enthusiastic in his attention to this < * 
partment of husbandry.— C. D. b 
' - >-» > -- 
How TO " Hkad ” Fleas.—I n answer to our fair friend 
of Harrisouville, Pa., who complains of the annoyance o. 
fleas distributed about house by a iavorite dog,— 
first place kill the dog; and next, if that is objectionable, 
thoroughly drench him all over with the worst whisky 
you can find, aud keep him away from the sources whence 
he procures them. Take up your carpets, dost and sun 
them—for when oucc flea* get possession of a house they 
breed spontaneously 
I 
