EFT. 19 
Kink Quarks. —Wo are indebted to H $, Ainsworth, 
Esq., the President of tho Fruit Grower’s Society of West¬ 
ern New York, for a fine basket of grapes, among which 
were Bowood Muscat, Wliite Frontignao, Canada Chief, 
Grizzly Froutignae, Diana, Rebecca and Delaware, They 
were all grown under glass, and well ripened. Mr. A. 
wished us to give them a fair trial and report which we 
thought the highest flavored grape, Our taste may he at 
fault, but we give our decided preference to the Delaware. 
TOO MUCH TROUBLE, 
As a general rule, when It is too much trouble 
to do a thing right, it is better not to attempt it, 
for any work that i3 worth doing, is worth doing 
well. These are axioms, the truth of which very 
few will be disposed to question; and they are 
the mottoes of every good gardener. And yet, 
how many, when told of the practice necessary 
to success in growing fruit and flowers, exclaim, 
‘‘too much trouble," and try to get along with 
less labor and care, When giving, as requested, 
directions for cultivating a certain plant or grow¬ 
ing fruit, we often hear the response, “ thut's 
too much trouble." A great many cultivators 
seem to talk and act as though the only object 
they had in view was to save trouble, regardless 
of consequences, while the consideration should 
be, how they can use their labor to the best ad¬ 
vantage. 
Trees are to be planted to form an orchard. 
It is too much trouble to plow carefully, set the 
trees deeply in large holes with the roots nicely 
spread out and covered with fine, rich earth, and 
so they are put in a hard soil like posts. Newly 
planted trees require staking, pruning, and 
mulching, but this is troublesome, and so they 
are swayed about with the wind, and parched 
with the hot sun. The result is, many die, and 
the ow r ner is saved all further trouble, except 
grumbling at the nurserymen. Dwarf pear trees 1 
require manuring, and a regular pruning every 
spring; the ground between them should be kept 
mellow, and all weeds destroyed to raise a large 
crop, but this, too, is -‘too much trouble" and 
they are allowed to take care of themselves, sur¬ 
rounded with weeds, baked in a bard soil, or 
striving to grow in a clover or Timothy meadow. 
In consequence of this labor-saving they make 
but a feeble growth, become ill-looking, bear but 
little fruit, and perhaps many die; but then the 
owner saved a little trouble. 
A good crop of the finest of our plums—and 
what can bo liner than the large Washingtons, or 
Jeff'ersons, or the delicious Green Gage—can be 
seemed by simply jarring the trees everyday for 
a week or so, in early summer; but this is cer¬ 
tainly some trouble, altogether too much for our 
trouble-saving friends, and so not one in a score 
of cultivators ever tastes a good plum. 
The Isabella and most of our hardy grapes 
will ripen their fruit well in Western New’ York 
in ordinary seasons. To be made to do this, 
however, they must be pruned every winter, and 
again in ttie summer, after the fruit is set. Now, 
this requires some labor, ami not a vine in a hun¬ 
dred receives this necessary attention. They 
are allowed to run at random, forming a dense 
mass, through which the sun can never penetrate. 
The consequence is, the fruit is small, much of it 
mildews, and that which is not destroyed in this 
way never ripens. The grapes become slightly 
colored, and are eaten and sold for ripe grapes, 
but they are no more like ripe grapes than a crab 
apple is like a good Spitzenburgh. The conclu¬ 
sion very speedily arrived at is that the climate 
, will not ripen grapes, or that they are naturally 
very sour things. A little trouble at the right 
time, every year, keeps the vine in good order, 
but those who make spasmodic attempts to prune 
the vines once In two or three years we are not 
surprised complain of the trouble. 
The summer and fall pears should be picked 
off and laid away a week before ripening, and 
then they can be examined every day and select¬ 
ed for eating, as fast as they arrive at maturity. 
In this way every ono will be saved, and will 
show their true character, giving the cultivator a 
delicious feast for his pains. But, this is “ too 
much trouble ” for some folks, and so their pears 
are allowed to hang upon the tree until they 
drop off from over-ripeness, and never attain 
their true excellence, while many are bruised, 
and others destroyed by insects. 
A good lawn or grass-plot, in front of a house, 
is very beautiful when kept green and closely 
mown, as all agree. To obtain such a lawn, the 
soil must be in good condition, and be spaded or 
pulverized by plowing at least lb’ inches deep, 
and sown with some fine grass, such as red top 
or blue grass, and white clover, which will form 
a green carpet pretty quick. But digging or 
plowing deep is “ too much trouble,” and so the 
ground is scratched a few inches down, and of 
course in the dry summer weather the grass is 
scorched up, and brtjwn, instead of yretn. Then 
it is so much trouble to get good grass and clover 
seed, and so easy to get a handful of timothy and 
red clover, or a lot of refuse seed from the bottom 
of a hay mow, or the mangers, that this is gener¬ 
ally used, and consequently the lawn is a patch 
of weeds and coarse grass, with here and there a 
tuft of red clover. All done with little labor and 
furnishing as little pleasure. 
We need not go further. There are a class of 
people whose only study seems to be how they 
can save themselves trouble—how they can do 
tliingB in the poorest possible way, and obtain 
the most unaatlfactory results—and they cer. 
tainly seem to be very successful both in their 
studies and practice. 
Ajikric.cn' Stkawbkrries in Epitome.—A correspon¬ 
dent of the London Ganlrturr'i Chronic!?, says:—“Many 
kind* have been sent from America, and nro grown here, 
but with two or three exceptions cannot be regarded as 
fine strawberries, almost all being deficient in flavor. Ono 
of_th.- best Is Bostou Fine, a free cropping variety of me 
diurn M?.r, useful lor preserving ami very early. Wilson’s 
Albany, however, is the best as seen here; a good-sized 
handsome round l'ruit, of a dark red color tliroughout; an 
excellent preserving sort.” 
Poor Gakdk.nkiis,— At a meeting of the Gardener's 
Royal Benevolent Society recently held in London, a 
speaker said Uiat amongst its " pensioners it had 56 poor 
person* who nad held first ciosi. situations as gardeners, 
or had been nurserymen or seedsmen, or were the widows 
of such, whom want or distress had overtaken iu their old 
ago.” We doubt whether one such instance ever occurred 
iu America, aud the reflection should lie a new induce¬ 
ment for our gardeners to so improve themselves that their 
profession ihould not merely aft’ord tho safe livelihood it 
is at present, but by adding to their present intelligence, 
command still higher rewards. 
— So aay* tho Gardener'* Monthly, aud to this we add 
let ns all honor and love and defend this glorious country 
where intelligent labor brings a sure reward, and where, 
the honest toiler ia not consigned to poverty when his 
hands can uo longer labor. 
after removal. If the roofs are much injured, or 
naturally meagre or defective, a very small 
number of active buds should be retained, just 
sufficient, to stimulate and sustain circulation of 
the fluids. In such cases it may be necessary to 
cut back every young shoot to one or two eyes. 
Where the roots are abundant and sound, it will 
suffice to cut out the weak inside shoots, and 
shorten the stronger ones about one-half. In 
doing this, a large number of buds aro removed, 
and whatever force there is iu the tree Is thrown 
into the remaining Rhoots, and young wood will 
be formed where wo should have had nothing 
but leaves if the tree had not been pruned. The 
growth of young wood always favors the forma¬ 
tion of roots. If we examine trees now that 
were transplanted last spring, we shall find that 
the roots are in proportion to the number and 
strength of the young shoots. 
Tito great object iu pruning to promote growth 
Is to direct the sop into <t smaller number of 
channels, and thus increase its force. If n tree, 
for example, baa500 leaf-buds to draw upon its 
sap, and we cut away 400 of them, the remain¬ 
ing 100 will of course receive a far greater pro¬ 
portion than they would have done, and will 
consequently be enabled to make new wood; 
and experience teaches us that young shoots, 
with their large cells, luxuriant leaves, and great 
vital activity, act far more powerfully on the 
roots than the small, lean foliage of trees merely 
living but not growing. We know how cutting 
back acts upon stunted trees. A three or four 
year old apple or pear tree, for example, if cut 
down nearly to the ground, will, iu one season, 
make a growth equal to that of two or three 
seasons under ordinary circumstances; and this 
is simply because its whole vital force is concen¬ 
trated in ono point. The sap rushes there, and 
large cells are formed immediately, in which a 
rapid and powerful circulation takes place. 
All operations upon trees should be performed 
cautiously, because whatever produces a sudden 
or violent change In their condition, cannot fall 
to be attended with a derangement of their 
wisely and beautifully adjusted organization, 
and this derangement, must bo more or less inju¬ 
rious to their healthy existence. Every man 
who takes his knife in hand to mutilate a tree 
should bear in mind, and weigh carefully, the 
consequences of every cut. We intended to 
have referred to the opinions of experienced and 
skillful arboriculturists on this subject, but wo 
cannot at present devote more ppace to it. 
What we have said will, we trust, Induce re¬ 
flection and observation on the part of some 
who have heretofore been too indifferent. 
from the main color. Rubrum has white ground 
shaded with crimson, the spots being very deep 
crimson. Roseum is white, with rose-colored 
spots. Album , pure white, the projections being 
prominent, but white. Punctatnm, clear white 
ground, with very delicate rose spots. It was 
once thought that the Japan Lilies were not 
hardy, and that they needed to be taken up and 
protected in ike house during winter, but the 
experience of the past few years has shown that 
they are perfectly hardy, almost or quite as 
much ?o as the Tiger. We recommend this class 
of Lilies to every lover of fine flowers. 
Among the flowers that decorate our gardens 
during the late summer and autumn, we have 
nothing that for chaste beauty surpasses the 
Japan Lilies. The bulbs .should be obtained in 
autumn and planted in a good mellow soil, tol¬ 
erably ricb, but where the water will uot lie 
during the winter and spring. Plant full four 
inches deep and about a foot apart. Before 
heavy frost, cover the ground with a few leaves, 
or something that will afford a slight protection. 
Our engraving gives a fine representation of 
the Japan Lily. The spots seen are little pro¬ 
jections, in most varieties of a different color 
BEING IN SEASON. 
Farmers’ wives, as well as all other wives, 
should always be in season about everything. If 
“fall work” is to be done, doit inthefall, notlin- 
ger till winter sends his cold, whistling winds to 
warn you of its near approach. 
Be diligent and in season. Never cause your 
husband to wait a moment, if possible to prevent 
in, for, although he may have waited an hourwhen 
a lover, without complaining, as a husband he 
will not do it. 
Bo punctual as clock-work in all things. Have 
a regular hour for dinner, and sypper, and break¬ 
fast also, if need be, and bavo the meal always at 
the appointed hour, unless some very important 
j event prevents. 
Never neglect your work to gossip with a 
friend. If one calls when your duties are in the 
kitchen, invite her to take a seat there, or if it be 
a stranger, politely ask to be excused, but never 
give to your husband as a reason for a lute, or 
badly prepareddinneror tea, that you had callers 
and could not attend to it. 
tion. Beside, buds are essential to growth; and 
if too great a proportion of them be removed at 
the power of the cells or sap-vessels is 
planted without being dressed, must decay and 
interpose very serious obstacles to the formation 
of new roots; they should therefore always be 
pruned off closely to ihe sound wood, and with 
a sharp knife that will make a smooth, clean cut, 
the sloping surface of which should invariably 
be on the under and not on the upper sides of 
the roots. In making the out, the knife should 
be laid to the under side of the root, and drawn 
upward. Tho young roots which subsequently 
spring from the cut end of the root, as from the 
end of a cutting, strike downward at once, as ia 
natural. The reasons for pruning off broken or 
bruised branches are equally obvious. A broken 
branch left on a tree will produce an unsightly 
and in some coses a dangerous scar; but if it be 
pruned off close to the body of the tree, or to a 
sound bud, the wound will goon heal over or a 
new shoot will be produced. It is very common, 
in pruning hastily, to leave small portions of 
branches without eyes. These, instead of pro¬ 
ducing new shoots, die off, and the new wood 
growing in around them produces unsoundness 
that in many cases brings the tree to an un¬ 
timely end. 
Tho second object in pruning is, to mould the 
tree to the desired form. Trees coming from the 
nurseries are seldom in the exact shape that the 
They have too many side 
once, 
impaired, and they cannot transmit the nutritive 
fluids from the roots upward. The roots, too, 
lose their activity, and general stagnation and 
debility follow. The heifer way is to reduce tho 
head by thinning out some branches and short¬ 
ening others, especially tho lower ones; aud in 
the season following, or when the tree has fairly 
recovered from removal, tho large branches may 
be removed and the stem formed higher up; the 
upper shoots allowed to remain having sufficient 
power to maintain tho functions of the different 
parts of the tree in full force and vigor. 
The third object in pruning at the time of 
transplanting, Is, to restore the balance or propor¬ 
tion between the roots and branches , which has 
been disturbed in the process of removal. A 
transplanted tree, no matter how carefully or 
skillfully it, may have been operated upon, has 
its system materially deranged. Tho roots may 
neither be bruised or broken, nor the fibres dried 
or injured by exposure; and yet the ordinary 
functions of the various parts, and their recipro¬ 
cal action and Influence upon each other, cannot 
but be in a measure arrested for a time. The 
roots cannot abstract nutriment from tho soil, 
and convey it through the trunk and branches, 
to supply the demand of the leaves, until they 
bavu taken to their new position and emitted 
new rootlets or feeders, 
It will be no excuse 
to him. Better wait fifteen minutes yourself, 
than have him wait five, by your tardiness. But 
your not being punctual, will not only be a disad¬ 
vantage to your husband, but also to yourself— 
for by not having your meals all nicely prepared 
at the appointed time, you will feel nervous, 
heated and cross—will be more imtablo than 
usual, and if one word of fault is found, it will bo 
a spark fallen upon powder, and you will contrast 
a great cause of unhappiness from it, and Imagine 
yourself after thinking aud weeping a few hours, 
tho most miserable of your sex. If your husband 
comes homo from tho field, Bred, dull, out of 
spirits, and almost cross, and finds you ready to 
meet him with a pleasant smile and a kiss of wel¬ 
come backed by a nice dinneror tea all ready and 
waiting, believe me, unless he is love-proof, ho 
will come down from his lofty pinnacle of stern¬ 
ness and meet you with an auswering smile, and 
the meal will pass off pleasantly. , 
Learn, then, to have everything done in season, 
and the only way to do so is to commence what¬ 
ever you have to do, early. Don’t sit and read, 
or even sew till you feel the time Ib passing 
wherein you know you o,light to be getting din¬ 
ner. No, no! get the dinner, and then improve 
the remaining time in reading, writing, playing 
or flawing, just as suits you best and do so with 
an easy conscience. 
If you attend to these little points, believe me, 
you will save many sighs and tears, many lamont- 
ings and repining?, and will live a far happier 
a dilatory process of 
planter wishes, 
branches, their heads are too low or too high, or 
they have some other defect which the knife 
must remedy. Now the question comes up, 
How far la it judicious to attempt the formation 
of tho tree at the moment of transplanting? 
Several points must be considered. If the trees 
are standards for the orchard, and they happen 
to be somewhat slender In proportion to their 
height, it would be unwise to prune off closely 
any aide branches they might have, because this 
would direct the future growth to tho top, and 
urge tho tree still further out of balance and 
proportion. In such cases, the aim should be to 
increase the growth of the stem; and this can 
only be done by retaining two or three good 
eyes or buds of every side shoot, or of the 
branches at the top. The influence of this is 
seen in the case of forest trees planted in the 
street, where the entire head is sawed off at 
planting, and nothing but a bare pole or pollard 
left; the growth is thrown into the trunk, which 
soon becomes covered with new shoots, and in¬ 
creases its diameter rapidly. If the tree has- 
been primed up too high in the nursery, making 
the head higher than desired, a new head must 
be formed lower down by cutting back the tree; 
but whether it is batter to attempt this at the 
moment of transplanting, or wait until the tree 
has taken root, and is capable of making a vig¬ 
orous growth, is a question. This is a point of 
some importance. We know that newly-planted 
trees push but feebly at best, in comparison with 
those weil rooted, and that the shoots produced 
the first season make a very indifferent frame 
work for the tree. 
Until this takes place, 
the demand of the leaves must be supplied from 
the stock of nutriment previously laid up in the 
cells, just as wo see young shoots subsisting for a 
time on trees that have been cut down or torn up 
by the roots. As long as any sap remains in the 
cells, and can find a passage to the leaves, 
the latter continue green and healthy; but as 
soon aa the sap ia expended, and the cells 
dried up, the leaves wither, and vitality termi¬ 
nates. Transplanted trees are, until re-rooted, 
In the same situation, nearly, as trees cut down 
or rooted up and left on the surface of the 
ground—that is, they must rely mainly on 
the sap existing in the cells before removal. 
Now it is plain that the more of buds and 
leaves there are on a tree, the greater will 
be the demand upon its stock of sap or nutrition, 
and vice versa. 
artintltural 
Largs Tomato. —We have been presented by M. D. 
Row lev, Esq., of thi* city, with a tomato measuring forty 
inches in circumference. Also, a branch of a Dahlia, 
bearing a light blush ana very dark red flower on the 
same stem. 
Monroe Co. Au. Society—Uortiocitcrai, Exiiiiu- 
•rio.v.—The show of fruit at the Fair of this County held 
last week, was unusually fine, About six hundred plates 
were filled by farmers and fruit growers alone. It was 
toe best County show wo have ever seen, In some respects 
but little inferior to the exhibition at the State Fair last 
year. 
Fruit in Utah.—A correspondent of the Farmer'* Or 
aide, writing from Mnnti, says:—“ I have a nice patch of 
strawberry vines that look well and fruit this season. Tho 
English gooseberry grows finely here; I have fruit this 
year -Y inches in circumference. Many of my newly- 
planted peach trees are bearing this year as well as plums 
and apples.” 
life, than in indulging in 
living. 
It is a woman’s duty to make as happy as possi¬ 
ble, to remove all just cause of complaint, and to 
be the bearer, rather than the doer of wrong, and 
no one thing will tend more to promote domestic 
harmony than strict punctuality in everything 
appertaining to household affairs. Try it and 
see if my words are not true.—A'. E. Farmer. 
Hence the reason for recom¬ 
mending to reduce the tops of trees at tho time 
of transplanting. For this reason we cannot 
transplant, deciduous trees safely while in full 
foliage. Even strawberry plants root better by 
having a portion of their leaves removed; and 
hence the use of bell glasses and other contri¬ 
vances to prevent evaporation from the leaves 
of newly-inserted catlings. A tree transplanted 
with a small number of roots, or damaged roots, 
and a branchy top, will suffer from the evapora¬ 
tion of the leuven, just as a cutting with leaves 
would if it were freely exposed to the air, 
though not to the same extent Some trees will 
bear planting with smaller roots and larger tops 
than others—such, for instance, as the poplar 
and willow, and all those that root easily and 
rapidly, and have large sap-vessels through 
which nutriment absorbed by the roots can pass 
quickly to the leaves. 
But wo most remember, too, that leaves are 
necessary to the growth of roots. It is true that 
new roots are formed in the absence of leaves. 
We can see this illustrated in the case of early 
autumn-planted trees or cuttings: yet these roots 
would not attain any considerable development 
nor survive long, without the action of the 
leaves; for these may be likened to the animal 
.stomach, in which the indispensable process of 
digestion takes place. No matter how abundant 
or healthy may be the roots, or how liberal the 
supplies of nutriment presented to them, if the 
leaves be not present to draw it upward and 
assimilate or dijest it, growth cannot continue— 
the roots will cease to lengthen, and ultimately 
■ perish. This is forcibly demonstrated in the 
Trbe P.eonibs.—T he variety called Gloria Belgarium. 
was railed from seed in Belgium, by a gentleman named 
Gotthala, It 1* ft marvel among marvels, the like of which 
wo bavo never seen. Tho flowers are of tho deepest rose 
color, nearly foil double, and considerably more than a 
foot in diameter, that is to say about four feet round.— 
Gankners Chronicle. 
Crab Apple Jelly.— Jelly from any other 
tart apples can be made in the same way as the 
following — apples, however, should first he 
sliced. Tho crab apples have a very delicate 
flavor—better for jelly than that of other apples. 
Put them in a kettle with just enough water 
to cover them, and let them boil four hours, then 
take them off the fire and rub them through a 
colander; this will separate the seeds aud skin 
from the pulp; then strain them through a flan¬ 
nel bag. Then to each pint of the juice thus 
strained, add a pound of white sugar and boil 
for twenty minutes—meanwhile skim, if neces¬ 
sary; then fill your glasses or molds, and let 
them stand Ibr two or three days in the sun, till 
sufficiently hardened. 
Broccoli Presented to tub Queen.—A curious Broc¬ 
coli has bc-en sent to Her Majesty, who has graciously 
acknowledged its receipt. Its shape was that of a scroll 
or ribonnade, eighteen inches in length, an inch and a 
half in diameter in the middle, and three inches at cither 
end. The plant was lined in the center by a solid line of 
the same nature as the flower, and following its form with 
geometrical precision. —Builder. 
We have considerable expe¬ 
rience on this very point, and we have come to 
the conclusion that it is much better to defer the 
pruning which 13 to produce the final and perma¬ 
nent form of the tree, until the second year, or 
until the tree shows unmistakable signs of being 
well rooted, and in a condition to make vigorous 
growth. But care must be taken to preserve and 
encourage, as far as possible, young shoots with 
active bud3 on the parts where we intend to pro¬ 
duce the new head; because old wood, in which 
the buds have become in a measure dormant, 
does not throw out branches with desirable ra¬ 
pidity and vigor. 
If, on the other hand, the head be too low. the 
first impulse would naturally be to prune it up. 
But this demands some caution. Where branches 
of considerable size are pruned off, when the 
tree is transplanted, and consequently unfit to 
make much growth, the fresh surface of the 
wounds dry up, and do not heal over quickly, as 
when the tree is in active and vigorous coodi- 
Ee-rootinci ok Pear Treks on Quince.— This spring 
l had occasion to move twenty-live pear tree* an quince, 
which I set five jearr; ago, at two year* old, budded low 
on the stock, so that it was easy to «t them two to four 
inches below die junction. Upon about one-third of these 
trees I found that there were plenty of quince root*, but 
none from the pear. About one-third had both pear and 
quince roots, *nd in some instances, when the pear roots 
ww» vigorous, the quince roots, though still in place were 
dead or ay fog Upon the other third there were uo quince 
roots left, the wDole tree being sustained by the new roots 
formed by the pear. In one case, the treo was budded 
upon pear, aud that had straight roots, reaching down¬ 
ward. On tho trees where new pear root* had formed 
above the quince, they all appeared disposed to spread out 
horizontally. The trees still retaining quince roots are 
not a* large as the others, and those with both pear and 
quince roots proved that tho latter do not always die aa 
soon as pear roots form.— Cor. Ohio Farmer. 
PRUNING TREES 
Many of our readers will soon be purchasing 
trees for fall planting, many more have young 
orchards, already planted out, that need proper 
care. We have some inquiries before us. asking 
[ advice am to the best mode of pruning. Instead 
|1 of answering these in detail, we give an excel- 
' lent article on the subject from one of the best 
\ horticulturists of the country, that we think will 
V give all the information needed. 
A The objects in view in pruning a treo at the 
P time of transplanting are three-fold. First, The 
jj removal of all bruised and broken roots and 
g branches. The necessity for this is obvious and 
% indisputable; bruised and broken roots, when 
Tomato Meat PrE.— Cover the bottom of the 
pudding dish with bread crumbs, then make a 
layer of cold roasted mutton, cut in small pieces, 
then a layer ot tomatoes sliced, then another 
layer of bread crumbs, another of meat, another 
of tomatoes, and then cover with bread emtn’ -g 
and bake till tho crust is brown. Season wi h 
salt and pepper to your taste. It will bear hi h 
seasoning. Serve hot and a better relishing dUh 
is not often met with. 
