MOOEE’l RURAL 
1EW-YOHEEH 
335 M 
FRUIT GROWERS’ SOCIETY OF WESTERN 
NEW YORK. 
The Autumn Meeting of the Fruit Growers’ 
Society of Western New York was held in 
Rochester, on the 25th ult. The attendance was 
very good, though we missed some familiar 
faces. The time selected was rather late for the 
convenience of nurserymen, and perhaps some 
extensive fruit growers, on account of the press 
of fall business, but for an exhibition of fruit it 
was well chosen. The display of fruit was un¬ 
usually large and interesting, and attracted so 
much attention from those present, that it was 
somewhat difficult to confine members to the 
discussion of the questions, and the President 
was no doubt of the opinion that as much in¬ 
formation, could be obtained by examining the 
specimens on the table, as anything that could 
be said on the ocoasion. Far more time than 
usual was therefore devoted to this work, to the 
evident gratification of all. 
The following were the questions proposed by 
the Committee for discussion, a portion being 
reported at the request of gentlemen present, or 
forwarded to the Secretary: 
1. Is the same treatment of the Vine, as practiced in 
the vineyards of the old countries, equally adapted to our 
climate and soli 1 If not, what is the best method of 
training ? 
2. What is the best soil for successful vineyard cultiva¬ 
tion ? 
3. What are the most desirable Grapes adapted to this 
climate for long keeping ? and what are the best for com¬ 
mercial purposes (wine excepted?) 
4. To what extent can the growing of Grapes be extend¬ 
ed profitably in this locality fur commercial purposes ? 
5. Are there any soils in Western New York adapted to 
the cultivation of the Cranberry ? If so, what kind 9 and 
what variety of Cranberries, and how cultivated ? 
6. Is the Strawberry infested with any insects or enemy 
that threatens tho destruction of that prince of berries ? 
If so, what are they—what are their habits ? 
7. Best variety of Pears for market where 200 trees arc 
needed ? 
8. What is the best method of pruning the Standard 
Pear ? 
Is the same treatment of the Vine., as practiced in the vine- 
yants of the ohl countries, equally adapted to our climate 
and soil} If not, what is the best method of training f 
Benj. Fisu, of Rochester, trained to stakes 
and on trellis, but succeeded best with the 
trellis. 
H. H. Olmsted, of Pavilion, trained on wire 
trellis, made with fine wire, and succeeded well, 
but lie had planted a large vineyard, and would 
like to learn some more economical process. 
Thought perhaps strong stakes, with a slat across 
the top and cord below, would answer. 
B. Fish thought that slats n ight be used for 
the entire trellis, and prove cheaper than wire. 
D. T. Halsey, of Victory, N. Y., said cast- 
aside telegraph wire could be bought for about 
three cents a pound, and made excellent trellis. 
What is the best soil for successful vineyard cultivation 
J. Graine, of Lockport, said that a warm, 
gravelly soil, wus best adapted to the grape in 
this gectlon of the country. We need grapes to 
ripen early, and they will not do so in a heavy 
clay soil. 
Dr. Miner did not think there was much dif¬ 
ference between clay and gravel, if the former 
was well drained. 
II. II. Olmsted planted a gravelly sandy loam 
with clay subsoil, but sufficient gravel with it to 
let the water pass oil readily. His grapes ri¬ 
pened well. 
A. Pixxky— A neighbor has a clay soil, well 
drained. Mine is a warm, sandy loam, and yet 
he ripens grapes much earlier than I do. He 
has Catawba grapes ripe now. 
J. Graine said that a sandy or gravelly soil 
may contain too much moisture, and he did not 
wish to be understood as intimating that a grav¬ 
elly or sandy wet soil was warmer than a drained 
clay soil. 
H. N. Langworthy likes a warm, gravelly 
soil, on high ground. Low grounds were sub¬ 
ject to cold currents of air and untimely frosts. 
What are the most desirable Grapes adapted to (his climate 
for long keeping J and uihat are the best for commercial 
purposes (wine excepted l) 
To what extent can the. growing of Grapes be extended prof 
stably in this locality for commercial purposes ) 
B. Fish considered Diana the best keeping 
grape. 
H. N. Lang worthy said it was well settled 
that all early grapes are poor keepers. We 
must depend upon the last ripening grapes for 
long keepers, like the Diana, Isabella, «fec., and 
should not, therefore, discard those that ripen 
late. Thought highly of the Rebecca, but had 
not much experience in keeping it Considered 
the vine hardy. 
A. Pinney —A neighbor always had Catawbas 
in March aa perfect as when taken from the 
vines. He cut off the branches containing the 
grapes, and hung them up in the cellar. 
H. H. Olmsted said Dianas kept well, and so 
did the Rebecca. Had kept Isabellas until 
June. Put them in boxes right from the vine, 
with double paper between each layer. Kept 
them as cool as possible without freezing. Dela¬ 
ware kept pretty well, but it would never be a 
long keeping grape. Isabella kept well when 
thoroughly ripened. 
Josiah Salter spoke well of Diana and Re¬ 
becca for keeping. 
H. N. Langworthy said this was an import¬ 
ant question. Long keeping grapes were best 
for commercial purposes. 
A. Pinney preferred Union Village, Delaware 
and Rebecca. In New York market, Delaware 
sold for 20 cents per pound, while the best Isa¬ 
bellas and Concords brought but 10 or 12 cents. 
H. H. Olmsted considered the Delaware tho 
best grape for market purposes. When this 
grape becomes better known it will find an un¬ 
limited market. Had but one bearing vine, but 
that did so well he had put out 2.500. For a late 
grape, liked Diana, and had planted 2,500. Had 
a Delaware bearing 500 clusters. When the 
public taste becomes cultivated, the Concord, 
Isabella, and that class of grapes, will not be 
good enough to satisfy the public demand. 
Joseph Frost had fruited fifteen varieties 
but had nothing to compare with the Delaware* 
Diana had rotted a good deal the last two or 
three years, and the grapes are quite imperfect. 
No grape, not even the Concord and Isabella, 
will bear more pounds of liuit, if as many, as the 
Delaware. 
A. Pinney had fruited the Diana for six years, 
and never got a ripe bunch. 
On the question of the extent to which grapes 
can be grown for commercial purposes with 
profit, there was some discussion, but nothing 
particularly valuable was elicited. There is no 
danger of overstocking the market with good, 
well-ripened grapes. Not one in a hundred gets 
a pound of good grapes in a year, white every 
grown person is entitled to a hundred pounds, 
and every child to two hundred—if they can get 
them. 
Aro there any soils in Western New York adapted to the 
cultivation of the Cranberry 7 If so, what kinds and 
what variety of Cranberries, and how cultivated i 
D. T. Halsey found three or four varieties 
that did well on upland soil. There are very 
few farms hut have small plots of sandy soil, 
suitable for the cranberry. The best variety for 
upland is the Bell. By actual measurement, he 
had grown ICO bushels to the acre. It cost two 
cents a quart to pick them. They sell readily at 
$4 a bushel. Set the plants three feet apart each 
way. 
Is the strawberry infestAd with any insects or enemy that 
threatens the destruction of that prince of berries > If so, 
what arc tlwy—whal are their habits ? 
Specimens of insects were exhibited that are 
proving very injurious to the strawberry bods of 
some extensive growers in this section, which 
caused the adoption of the above question. Hut 
little seemed to be known of their habits, Ollier 
than that they appearin immense numbers on the 
strawberry plants, just alter planting, and en¬ 
tirely destroy the leaves, and in fact the whole 
plants, so that it la impossible to get a second 
crop. The subject was postponed until the next 
meeting, and the Secretary directed to forward 
specimens to Dr. FitCh for examination. This 
insect we forwarded to our correspoudent, Jacob 
Stauffer, about a year since, for the purpose of 
examination, and obtained all the information 
we could from this source. This w’o give in an¬ 
other column. _ 
Best variety of Pears for market where 200 trees are needed ) 
F. W. Lay would set out Bartlett exclusively 
for profit. He afterwards added Belle Lucrative 
to the list. 
Mr. Herkndeen, of Macedon, recommended 
Bartlett, as standard, and Louise Bonne de Jer¬ 
sey, Flemish Beauty and Duchesse d’Angoulerae 
as dwarfs. 
H. N. Lanoworthy, Bartlett and Duchesse 
d'Angouleme. 
n. H, Olmsted recommended Virgalieu, 
where fair, and Benrre Bose und Flemish Beau¬ 
ty, as standards; Duchesse d’Angouleme and 
Louise Bonne de Jersey, as dwarfs. 
Joseph Frost, Bartlett, Flemish Beauty, 
Seckel, Sheldon, Lawrence, Duchesse d’Angou¬ 
leme. 
H. E. nooKER inquired if Flemish Beauty 
was not cracking about as bad as Virgalieu. 
Several gentlemen replied that it had cracked 
for several years past. 
Benj. Fish, Bartlett, Louise Bonne de Jer¬ 
sey, Seckel and Belle Lucrative. Would include 
Flemish Beauty where it does not crack. 
What is the best method of pruning the Standard Pear 1 
As the time for adjournment had nearly ar¬ 
rived, but little time was given to this question. 
Benj. Fish cut trees the first year down to 
about a foot from the ground, for the purpose of 
obtaining branches low. 
H N. Lanoworthy cut out the leading up¬ 
right shoots. 
Mr. Herendeen disliked to see a tree shorn 
like a hedge, as we often observe them, where 
no fruit can be matured, except on tho outside of 
the tree. Believed in thinning them out, so that 
the sun and air may perfect the fruit. 
D. W. Beadle formed the head low and open. 
The Society then adjourned. 
The following is the Report of Committee to 
Examine Fruits on Exhibition: 
By D. P. 'Westcott, of Rochester, 3 varieties of Pears, 
very well grown indeed. 
By Ozias Foster, of Greece, N. Y., plate of very large 
Caj uga Redstreaks, 
By H. N. Langworthy, of Greece, N. Y, 4 varieties of 
hardy Grapes and 2 varieties of Pears. 
By R. E. Howard & Co., of Holly, N. Y., 4 varteUes of 
hardy Grapes, Delaware particularly fine. 
By Wm. King, of Rochester, 11 varieties of hardy 
Grapes, one of theta a new seedling. 
By G. Zimmerman, of Buffalo, 3 varieties of hardy 
Grapes, very fine, 
By Daniel B. Beach, of Rochester, 3 bunches of Grapes, 
very large, both in berry and bunch, believed by a major¬ 
ity of Committee to be Isabella. 
By Ellwanger & Barry, of Rochester, N. V., 31 varieties 
of Pears, 20 varieties of hardy Grapes, Including samples 
of many of Rogers’ Hybrids, of which Nos. 0, 4 and 14 
seem to he best; also, 20 varieties of Foreign Grapes 
grown tinder glass, aud a sample of the Sianwick Necta¬ 
rine. 
By U. Comstock, of Bweden, 28 varieties of Pears. 
By B. Fish, of Rochester, 10 varieties of Pears and 5 of 
hardy grapes. 
By II. H. Olmsted, of Pavilion Centre, N. Y., 4 varie¬ 
ties of Pears, aM very fine. 
By H. C. Adams, of-, 4 varieties of Pears, very well 
grown. 
By D. L. Halsey, of -, 3 plates of Cranberries, 
marked “ upland.” 
By E. J. Spicer, of Murray, a handsome seedling Apple, 
not sufficiently mature to be thoroughly tested. 
By J. Craine, of Lockport, N Y , a plate of fine Dela¬ 
wares. 
By J. M. Grover, of Colborne, C. XV., several samples 
of Apples and Pears, for names. 
By T. A. Ward, of Rochester, 3 varieties of Pears, Shel¬ 
don, unusually fine. 
D. W. Bkadle, ) 
H. E. Hookkr, I _ 
Austin Pin.nkv, ('Committee. 
Joseph Frost, J 
INSECTS ON STRAWBERRIES. 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker:—I received your 
communication, inclosing strawberry leaves and 
a number of small beetles. The leaves inclosed 
show the puncturing and perforating perform¬ 
ance of the insect, which you charge with - de¬ 
stroying the buds at first and afterwards eating 
the leaves, in many places destroying the whole 
crop, aud having about used up some planta¬ 
tions.” 
This is a grave charge, and will be considered 
a heinous crim* by those who devote their at¬ 
tention to the cultivation of this delicious fruit, 
heretofore exempt from such draw-backs. Now 
let ns examine the criminal. Head broad, im¬ 
mersed up to the eyes in the (borax; antenme 
elevated; 11 jointed; thorax short; legs stout; 
color ft mahogany yellow, with dark markings on 
tbe elytra, which are also punctured iu lines. 
We will take his photograph, on an enlarged 
Beale, as seen under the lens. 
Fig. 1, the line marks the natural length. The 
last joint of the palpi is conical, rather stout 
This description, with the figure, will do. Now 
as to their kindred. In the first place, they be¬ 
long to a family styled FhytophwjOf or in plain 
Euglisb, vegetable-feeders. They are usually of 
small size, and found both in their larva and 
perfect state on the plants and leaves, on the 
tender porlions of which they feed, causinggreat 
injury to the farmer and horticulturist "The 
larva: are external feeders, (some allied species 
mine the leaves,) and are furnished with six feet 
formed for walking, and are of various colors. 
Some undergo their changes on tho leaves, some 
in cases which they construct and carry with 
them, while others enter the ground. The note 
states, “ when first hatched onl, about the time of 
picking strawberries, the young are numerous, 
and of a light green color.” This, 1 take it’ 
refers to the larva- or grubs. Tbo “ turnip-fly,” 
or rather beetle, the llaltka; the Asparagus 
beetle, Criobtrls, belong to this family of depre¬ 
dators. This particular insect has beeu noticed 
by various writers, some by one name and some 
by another. And, indeed, after reading over 
Say's thirteen species of Colaspis and allied 
genera, with numerous species, Halde man's 
“ Crypts cephalinarum, Boreali - Americanw 
Diagnoses,” embracing seventy-five species, (yol, 
1, 2d series, Jour. Acad. Nat. ScL, 1’hila.’) be- 
sides several catalogues, I could come to no con¬ 
clusion. On comparison with those in the cabi¬ 
net of my friend S. S. Rathvo.v, J find it bears 
the nutneof Akiacroma 1-notata, .now changed 
to “ Tarict d-nolutaf and is no doubt the same as 
Mr. Say describes as the - Colaspis \-notala ” 
(vol. 2, p. 213, Leg. ) The species are variable in 
the spots and colors, aud the generic character is 
not well defined, so that it is very difficult, by 
means of the descriptions given, to come to any 
conclusion as to which it really belongs, ibit 
let that pass until the requisite systematic classi¬ 
fication ia produced, now occupying tho labors 
of Dr. Lw Conte, which I (rust will at least 
define generic characters equally to (hat of the 
first part already published by him, through the 
Smithsonian Institute, at Washington, embracing 
all the Tentamerous families and groups. 
On Saturday 1 inclosed one alive between two 
pieces of glass; to-day, .Monday, Dec. 23, I find 
the little fellow active, though the snow is fall¬ 
ing thick and fast. This proves that they are 
hardy little villains, and from the fact of their 
being active on the strawberry plants *o late in 
the season, is rather remarkable, as they usually 
enter their “winter-quarters” before this time - 
hibernating under bark, tufts of grass, or the 
like. But like the rebels ou the Potomac, they 
are determined to do all the mischief they can, 
before going further south, or into “winter-quar¬ 
ters,” permanently. They deserve a good smok¬ 
ing, or syringing with “tobacco juice,” when the 
berries are off, or young poultry to pick them 
off, (the huge, not berries.) But l fancy the cold 
weather will cool their ardor, and cause them to 
vamose. 
Fig. 1. Fig. 2. 
Fig. 1 —Cryptocephalus ormtus—$x.r The Cryptocepha- 
las are vegetable feeders, and many of the ipccics are 
very Injurious to useful plants. The antenna- are, how¬ 
ever, uniform. They are nevertheless closely related to 
tbe Metachroma or Faria. Fig. 2—Metachroina 4-no- 
tata— Faria 4 notata. The antenna; is seen under Fig 1. 
Among the number I found a single specimen 
of a small greenish-blue beetle, belonging to tbe 
family Tenebrionhhr, known aa tbe Ophlocephala 
Lai*., Keomida, of Tieg., and not easily distin¬ 
guished (if not the same) from the Flalydema, 
also Called Biaperis , described by Sa y. These 
are usually found on fungi, and at this season in 
crevices, and under the bark of trees. I have 
found and figured Say's Platydcma excavatei, 
the male of which has a pair of horns on its 
head, and a hollow between two tubercles. Tho 
male of Oplocephula bkomitt is very much like 
it in the description. The* specimen found, as 
above stated, is a female, and Is not provided 
with tbe horns. These sexual differences fre¬ 
quently lead to different specific names, and a 
life-lime is too short to investigate the facts; be¬ 
sides, it don't pay, which is a grievous draw¬ 
back on persons who might even wish to do so. 
Plcaso udd, in a note, whether the strawberry 
leaves sent were taken from u bot-house, and 
whether my Inference is right respecting the 
“pale-green larva);” because the single specimen 
of the bluish-green beetle might possibly have 
been on the plants; yeti cannot think bo, and 
judge it to have got into the wrong company, 
perhaps seeking shelter, as a “ secessionist,” from 
further mischief. 1 also found two ichneumon 
flies, allied to the Chalcis, with the leaves. These 
may have hatched from some of the larvsu or 
pupie of the beetles. It is desirable to have a 
full knowledge of tbe manner iu which, where 
and when the eggs are deposited; the grubs, 
their color, habit and mode of transformation, on 
the leaf or in the ground. A little attention to 
these particulars, by horticulturists, would tend 
greatly to a full knowledge of the history of such 
species as produce mischief, and remedies would 
be more readily suggested and more effectually 
applied. j. 8 . 
The beetles and leaves were taken from tbe 
open ground. Another season, we hope straw¬ 
berry-growers will give some attention to tho 
habits of this insect 
WESTERN EDITORIAL NOTES. 
PROPAGATING the grape. 
There has beeu not a little discussion on tin's 
subject latterly, among Western propagators. 
Since (lie publication of Rokenstiel’s theory 
concerning the propagation of the Delaware 
from bearing wood, still more attention has been 
paid the subject At Rockford, it was. made tho 
subject for an evening's discussion. 
Rov. J. Knox was called for and said:—“I 
have had some experience in propagating grape 
vines. I propagate from eyes exclusively, iu a 
propagating house. In March, as soon as well 
rooted, the vines aro potted and put in a hot-bed. 
Tu May, they are turned out. I ain careful in 
the selection of wood from which to propagate 
The wood hitherto selected by many propagators 
has been very poor, or very poorly propagated. 
The Delaware is only a feeble grower when 
propagated from imperfect wood, and in an im¬ 
proper manner. I have vines of the Delaware, 
three years old, that have grown two canes, each 
fifteen feet long, two-thirds of which are as large 
as my finger.” 
What about your Propagating House) 
Knox— My propagating housefaceH the North. 
It ia heated with hot water, in tanks, made of 
inch boards, and answers well. In preparing 
the eyes, 1 cut tho wood immediately above the 
eye, and an Inch or an inch and a half below it, 
square off. I do not split tho wood of the eye at, 
all. I then put the eyes in tho sand bath, being 
careful to have twenty degrees more of heat in 
the sand than in the atmosphere of the house. 
If this is not the case, the buds burst and no 
root is made. Many are deceived by such a re¬ 
sult, thinking that propagation is sndbessful, 
when it is really a futal failure. As soon as 
rooted, I 'put them in four inch pots and in a 
hot-bed, and thence turn them out in May or 
June. It is a simple, plain process. There is 
uo mystery about It, Anybody can do it. I 
propagate with great success. I propagate from 
wood that is prepared to produce good wood, f 
have vines purchased at high prices that are not 
bearing well. 
What, is the dijprmrf between the vines produced from, ryes 
and those produced from cuttings? 
Knox— There are few who have propagated 
from cuttings. I have cultivated vines produced 
by layering; but I prefer those propagated from 
eyes. I believe the character of the Delaware 
has been seriously injured by improper propaga¬ 
tion. It should be discouraged. Good ripe 
wood should be used. 
Do you think} the Catawba has been injured in the same 
mannerf 
Knox— I(wish to bo distinctly understood that 
I do nofpropagato the Catawba at all, and that 
I do what J can to discourage its propagation. 
There are enough and more profitable grapes to 
cultivate. 
Dr. J. Asa Kbnnicott— I select well ripened 
and bearing wood. Tho wood of the Delaware 
ia hard. It must be softened in some way. It 
should be buried in the fall where it will not be 
too cold, and yet not warm enough io start. 
Thus the wood Is softened, and the callous is 
easily formed. This preparation of the wood is 
essential, it you would got a proper proportion 
Of the vines to take root. It is important, in 
preparing the sand-bath, that the sand should be 
pure; if impure, it retards the process. If it is 
yellow sand, Impregnated with the oxide of iron, 
you will fail. It, should be pure lake sand. But, 
I have found that if saud and leaf mold are 
mixed at the bottom of the bath it is valuable, 
helping to sustain the plant when it is forming 
its roots. I would pot off into three inch pots, 
with sand and mold, and again into five inch 
pots before putting them out in tbe border. 
Care must be tal^en not to check the growth. I 
deem this care very important. In the latitude 
of Chicago, they should go into the border tbe 
last of July. At the lime of planting, tbe boll 
in the pots should not be disturbed, nor the roots 
spread. Settle tho earth about tho roots by 
pouring acclimated water on it. If these rninu- 
tce are attended to, I prefer this mode of propa¬ 
gating—by eyes—to any other. Ifc is important 
not to check tbe growth. 
Dr. SoHRfKDKR—I do it without glass. Some 
years ago I bought Delaware grape vines and 
paid two and three dollars each. Cut back to 
five eyes. Some of these have not made three 
feet of wood. They were forced to death. I was 
down on the Delaware and down on the Rebecca. 
But it was because they were grown scientifically! 
So 1 find that the Norton’s Virginia grown from 
grem layers is most unproductive. Now, I’ve 
found these things out at great expense. Let us 
teach the people how to grow grapes out of 
doors. Take a good cane of ripened wood and 
make a single layer ofit In June, cut abou- 
hall in; and in two or three weeks cut clear 
away. Then you will have a good, strong-grow¬ 
ing vine. That is (he way for the people tu 
glow their own vines. I propagate from cut¬ 
tings. I cut my cuttings from good wood in tho 
fall, and pack them in saud. Meantime, I have 
made a good rich bed, over which I put a cold 
frame. In this 1 plant the cuttings, shade and 
water properly, aud 1 mil you I propagate grapes 
without a gardener to talk Latin to me. And 
my vines have roots! I have no objection to 
growing by single eyes from good wood. Good 
short-jointed wood is best. 
C. H. Rohknstiel— Five years ago last spring 
1 bought Delawares from an agent, paying a 
large price and giving them the best care. I 
have had them five years, and have seen no 
Iruit, nor signs of any, on them yet. They don’t 
Kvo; neither do they die, I have made other 
purchases since, with a similar result. I believe 
the cause to be propagation from Immature and 
barren wood. For I have since propagated from 
this wood myself, planted the resulting vines 
near to—right between—my high priced vines, 
and they make wood enough aud bear abun¬ 
dantly. 
Talking with reference to potted grapes grown 
from eyes, Mr. R. said:—“We Want tho roots in 
the ground not on the surface—not on top of 
the ground. The old German mode is to cut the 
surface roots about the trunk of the vine. They 
want tho roots down in the soil , away from the 
Influence of frost und snow. 
F. K. Phocntx — Successful growers of the 
Delaware keep off the laterals and tie the vine 
up—keep it growing, a single stem, right np. 
This is mother’s practice. I think it iB this want 
of care in training which prevents it making a 
better growth, and affects production. 
Dr. Kbnnicott—I f tbe Delaware is properly 
propagated, it will grow well aud produce well, 
with the samo treatment given to other hardy 
vines. 
In answer to a question, Rohknhtiel says ho 
has split-grafted the grape, putting the one inch 
below the surface of the ground. Grafts early 
in the season, before the sup sets in too much, 
und they grow well. Waxes tho junction, as for 
other fruits. 
Cook, of Whiteside Co—I grafted the Dela¬ 
wares when the leaf was about tbo size of asilver 
dollar. Cuts Bcions in the fall. I keep vines 
baek, trained to one cane the first year. It Is 
important that the vino be properly trained. 
I’mENix—Pettlngili, of Bunker Hill, Ill., suc¬ 
ceeds by grafting, setting the grafts below the 
surface, and hauling earth to Ihe graft instead of 
waxing. 
Dr. Claoobtt, of St. Louis—Has succeeded 
in grafting the Isabellas and other grapes, ne 
prefers the last week in May, in his latitude, for 
this work. Digs down close to tbe roots, cuts it 
off, clefts It, puts in the graft, lies it tight with a 
strong twine, and hills the earth up about it so 
as to leave the bnd out of the ground—only one 
bud being left ou the stock. 
Dr. SoiuukdKR I grafted, two years ago, two 
thousand vines. I cleft-grafted below the sur¬ 
face, hauling the earth about them. Did not tie 
them. Lost all but twenty of the two thousand! 
I make this confession to prevent others making 
a similar mistake. A little pains-taking pre¬ 
vents great Iohs, sometimes. 
COR CUV 
LEMON PIES-CRYSTALLIZING GRASS. 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker: —Please accept 
the following answers to some of the inquiries 
that appeared in your paper recently: 
Lemon Pie. —’I’ake a potato and a lemon of 
equal size. Grate both, using all except the 
white part of the rind and seed of the lemon, 
and the peel of the potato. To this add two- 
thirds of a cup of water and one cup of sugar. 
Bake between two crusts. 
A Better One. —Take one lemon; grate off 
the yellow, but do not use the white part of the 
rind; squeeze out the juice, and cut the pulp 
very tine. Add one cup of white sugar, one cup 
of water, one egg well beaten, one tablespoonlul 
of flour, two tablespoonfuls of sweet cream. 
Bake between two crusts, or, instead of a top 
crust, beat the white of au egg to a froth, with a 
little sugar, and lay over the top, when done, 
then return to the oven for a few minutes. 
Crystallizing Grass.— To one quart of 
water add oue pound of alum; boll till all the 
alum is dissolved, then pour into a fiat dish, and 
place your grass in it. Let it stand till the crys¬ 
tals are formed on it, which will take place in 
about twenty-four honra. A little indigo added 
to the solution will improve it. Peach stones, 
cinders, heads of wheat, oafs, etc., may be crys¬ 
tallized. The grass or grain should be gathered 
green, and hung in a dark place before it is crys¬ 
tallized. Lydia. 
Madison, N. Y., 1863. 
Prepared Glue.— In reply to L. C., in a re¬ 
cent Rural, in regard to the preparation of glue 
which will not mould by keeping, I have to stale 
he must melt glue in tho usual mode, of a good 
consistency, then add one pint of alcohol to three 
pints of the dissolved glue, bottle air tight, and 
it will keep any length of time in any climate. 
It Ia very useful in every family for its conven¬ 
ience, in repairing furniture, mounting maps, 
paper on walls, labels, Ac., &c. —Wm. Chandler, 
Byron, TPI$., 1863» 
Potato Crust. — Parboil and mash twelve 
potatoes; add one teaspoonful of salt, two table¬ 
spoonfuls of butter, and half a cup of milk or 
cream. Stiffen with flour until you roll out 
