calculate that they have paid welL We. cannot He went to Spain in the first instance, and re¬ 
sell old ewes as long as they will give us good lected his flock from the best he could find in 
lambs. 
I would advise all those who have not sheep 
barns to put up sheds with rough boards, as 
they cannot do well without shelter. I hope 
we shall hear from your sheep men. 
Rhinebeok, N. Y 
changed in a moment to adapt them to any 
change which it is desirable to make in the rel&- 
live number of sheep in the different apartments. 
But it must be obvious that aDy considerable 
number of sheep when thus kept breathing the 
same indoor atmosphere, require that the means 
of ventilalion be abundant and most thoroughly 
kept, in operation. Indeed, I should prefer, us u 
matter of prudence, not to place more than one 
hundred and fifty sheep in the same room, 
though divided into smaller flocks on the same 
floor. With different rooms, and with independ¬ 
ent meansof communicating with the external air, 
four hundred or six hundred could be kept, per¬ 
haps, just as safely, under the same roof, unless 
during the prevalence of infectious or epizootic 
diseases. But who can be certain that these will 
remain absent? On the whole, mob large and 
close aggregations of sheep are inexpedient. 
The room required for a given number of Me¬ 
rino breeding ew’os in a barn is, for Paulars, 
about ten and two-thirds square feet of an area 
on the floor each; in other words, an apartment 
twenty by forty fi-et in the clear will accommo¬ 
date seventy-five, so that they can all eat at the 
same time at single or wall racks placed round 
the entire walls, except before Ihedoors. Aroom 
forty feet square will accommodate one hundred 
and fifty, but it requires forty feetof double rack* 
to be placed in the area inside of the wall racks. 
Larger Merino, or English ewes, require more 
room iu proportion to their size. Some of the 
last would probably require nearly twice as 
much room per head. 
A sheep barn should open on the side least 
exposed to the prevailing winter winds; and its 
yards should be placed as much as practicable 
under its shelter. Some persons build these 
barns in the form of an L, to break off’the winds 
from different quarters; others make a high 
stone wall or board fence a substitute for oue of 
the limbs of the L. The yards are inconveniently 
narrow if restricted 1o the breadth of the inside 
apartments; and should, therefore, be widened 
according to circumstances. 
The ground plan given is intentionally oon- 
Gned to a mere outline ol’ a very simple and 
compact sheep barn, which is under a single 
roof, has no waste space, and makes the utmost 
use of all its materials. Three different modes of 
watering are presented, either of which is suffi¬ 
cient, and the choice between them should 
depend upon circumstances. 
* I here use the word single or wall-rack to riguify one 
made to set agnIn»t a wall, which can only be eaten from 
on one side - the word double rack, to signify one which 
can he eaten from on both sides, tO that forty feet of one is 
equivalent to eighty feet of II 0 Ot her. 
providence in protecting it from any danger, ex¬ 
cept by setting it an example of running from 
those which terrify and demand flight.* If the 
ewe needed assistance iu lambing, or if the lamb 
required to be helped to the teat, H was difficult 
to catch her conveniently in an open shed. 
Sheep Bauns or Stables.— For all the pre¬ 
ceding reasons, barns or stables for the winter 
shelter of sheep, now receive universal prefer¬ 
ence in the Northern and Eastern States. These 
are generally constructed — and always should 
be —bo that they can be closed as tightly as 
ordinary horse or cow-barns. But they require 
doors sufficient for ventilation and exposure to 
the sun iu fine weather, aud for the ingress of a 
farm wagon to haul oift manure. And by means 
of movable windows, or slides covering aper¬ 
tures in the walls, they should be capable of 
being thoroughly ventilated at any time, with 
the doors closed. 
When these closed sheep barns first came into 
nee, each was generally marie large enough for 
seventy-five or one hundred sheep; and they 
were scattered about the farm so as to be con¬ 
tiguous to the meadows from which they were to 
be filled with hay, and so the manure made in 
and about them would only require hauling a 
short distance. There was another argument in 
their favor. If a contagious or infectious disease 
broke out in one of the divisions of the flock, it 
did not necessarily extend to all; and, theoreti¬ 
cally speaking at least, the fewer the sheep which 
inhale the same local atmosphere the freer from 
impurities it must remain. 
But serious inconveniences wore found to 
attend this system. It required almost a double 
outlay of materials and expense to build separate 
barns and prepare separate yards, arrangements 
for watering, etc., for each flock. These scattered 
barns required the farmer or his shepherd to 
wade wearily two or three times a day, mounted 
or on foot, for long distances through sheets ol 
snow which the \viudn generally rendered path¬ 
less; and oftentimes, and even for days together, 
to do this amidst blinding snow-storms or the 
most terrible extremes of cold. M uch shoveling 
was constantly necessary to give the sheep access 
to water, etc. If the supply of hay happened to 
fall at oue of these distant barns, it was often 
more trouble to get it there, than it would have 
been to cart all the hay consumed iu the barn to 
a central one near the farm-house, and haul all 
the manure made from it back, 
Thk Roral New-Yorker for 1S64 —Pot the informa¬ 
tion of all who have written u» on the subject, we would 
state that the fifteenth Volume of the Rural, for 18C4, 
will be famished on the same terms as the present. 
Agent* and other kind and earnest friends of the paper 
are requested to note this announcement and make their 
arrangements accordingly. Tlio.se tvho are prepared to 
commence the campaign need not wait for documents, 
but commence taking subscriptions for the new jear and 
volume at once Our inducements for effort will be lib¬ 
eral, though not proclaimed early or in extravagant phra¬ 
seology. Wc shall, however, as heretofore, depend main¬ 
ly upon the friends of the paper and the cause it advocates, 
to maintain iu circulation—promising, on out put, that 
the Rural for 1864, shall, if our life and heal'h are spared 
us, bo as worthy of confidence and support as it has been 
iu former years. Indeed, we purpose making the volume 
for 1864 much superior to the present in several particu¬ 
lars, and think our arrangements are so matured and 
complete that we can safely promise a decided improve¬ 
ment. Now that the season for such efforts Is at hand, we 
invite Agents, Contributors and Correspondent* to favor 
u? so fur as consistent with their views and engagements 
—thus increasing the circulation of the paper and aug¬ 
menting the interest aud usefulness of iu pages. W e 
need not add that any and every effort in either direction 
will he most gratefully appreciated. 
Procure Good Breeds of Swine, 
Considering the number of hogs that are 
raised annuaily in the United States, and espe 
cially as so many depend almost exclusively on 
the hog crop for the money they need, is it not 
wonderful that so few persons Like pains to ob¬ 
tain the beet varieties? Suppose you have to 
give $20, or even $50, for a pair of pigs to begin 
with. Is this an insufferable obstacle? I answer 
no. Doubtless you may procure a good breed 
for less money, but let ns look at. the practical 
proofs on the score of economy, and see how 
long it would take to pay at these figures. Sup¬ 
pose you have one hundred hogs of the alligator 
or land pike breed, which you will sell at five 
dollars per hundred; 150 pounds at twelve 
months old, will be about all that you can make 
them weigh. Here you have $7.50. 
Again,take one hundred hogs of a good breed, 
which will weigh at the same age and wilh less 
feed 250 lbs. Hero you have $12 50, making a 
clear profit of $5, without taking into account 
the save, of feeding, which would no doubt swell 
the profits to a much larger amount, A hog that 
has to be kept more than one winter before fat¬ 
tening, will eat his head off in all cases. Hence, 
the most profitable kind will be found in those 
hogs which attain the greatest weight (without 
extra attention) in from twelve to eighteen 
months. 
Pick for a hog a small, clean head, rather 
small bone, body low to the ground and Fquare; 
hatnB full and round, disposition quiet and pleas¬ 
ant. Such a hog will always insure a good re¬ 
turn. If you can come across such hogs, whether 
called Berkshire, Woburn, Suffolk, Grazier, or 
what not, get some and try them. They will not 
disappoint you. A word to the wise is sufficient. 
— Valley Farmer, 
EASTERN RURAL NOTES 
PRODUCE PRICES. 
The farmers are asking, and not only asking, 
but receiving, the following pretty round prices, 
for this county, at this season of ihe year:—Ap¬ 
ples, by the bushel, eating, 70 cents to 80 cents— 
by the barrel, $150@$2 25; hay, loose or im¬ 
pressed, $11@$13; oats, per bushel, 50 cents for 
new andtG2@65 cents for old; corn, $1.17(3tl.2&; 
butter, 18@21 cents per pound, by the tub; 
cheese, 12(£jl4 cents; eggs, 17@10 cents per 
dozen, and mostly taken at their houses. The 
berries, wild and cultivated, were, in their 
season, correspondingly high, and found ready 
buy ere for all which were brought to market, as 
well as. the delicious cherries and plums, the 
last two very scarce. 
Thk RXoMEh Grain Crioi-s.—The London Daily Nevis 
states that owing to tho largo increase in the yield, the 
harvest is estimated to be worth £20,000,000 to £30,000,000 
more than that of last year, ami there will consequently 
be no necessity for the importation of large supplies of 
bread stuffs from abroad. 
The Mark Lam Bxprcss says on the same topic:—A re¬ 
turn of fair weather during the harvest season checked 
the tendency to sprout which endangered the unhoused 
wheat, mooli of which was lelt in the fields after cutting, 
owing to the scarcity of tabor; and the year’s harvest is 
undoubtedly excellent, and beyond the average of sea¬ 
sons throughout the kingdom. The late potatoes, too, 
have been protected from disease by tho return of dry 
weather 
FARL FEED —STOCK. 
This important article to ns in Maine, isun 
usually abundant tills season. Ik is on a scale ol 
ten, full fifteen, compared with 18G2, In luxuii 
ance of growth, but not so much in richness of 
milk-producing qualities, and probably not iu 
fat-forming materials. The milkmen say the 
cows do not seem to “give out” as they ought 
when the feed is so abundant 
Stock, both beeves and store, command a 
higher price than last fall — are in better condi 
tion — and so it is of sheep, but as to horses there 
is not yet so much call for them, nor are they as 
high in the market. They are picking up a few 
army horses in Franklin county, and some for 
the Boston market, as usual, at fair prices, yet 
no great stir among horsemen in these matters. 
But I see it is just decided to raise a cavalry 
regiment in Maine, and if so there will be some¬ 
thing of a new impetus to the horse demand in 
the back counties. 
GnEAT Success ok a Roohrhtkr Book.—W e learn that 
tho Practical Shepherd, published less than two weekB ago 
by Mr. Moose, of the Rural New-Yorker, has already 
reached a third edition) The demand for tbe work is 
much greater than anticipated, and the publisher finds it 
impossible to keep pace with the orders received—his 
supply being over a thousand copies short on Saturday. 
We arc not surprised at the great success of this capital 
and timely volume, as wc predicted an immense sale in 
our notice of it a week ago, It is sold only by canvassing 
agent* aud the publisher. Mr. Mookb is constantly re¬ 
ceiving orders from book-sellers which he canuot fill 
without coutlictiug with liis arrangements.— Roch. Daily 
Democrat <t American, Oct. 26. 
Cramp or Spasm in Horses. 
I was requested a short time ago to visit a 
horpe, paid to lye the subject of “stifle lameness.” 
The patient, a gray gelding, aged eight years, 
was put up at the stable on the evening preceding 
my visit apparently in perfect health. Early in 
tho morning ere I was called, the ‘ feeder” ob¬ 
served that the horse was incapable of moving 
the near limb, and it appeared to be, as I was in¬ 
formed, “as stiff as a crowbar.” 
On making an examination of the body of the 
animal, he appeared to be in perfect health; yet 
he was unable to raise the limb in the slightest 
degree from the stable floor. The case was ac¬ 
cordingly diagnosed as a cramp of the flexors. 
Treatment .—The body and lower parts of the 
limb were clothed with blankets and flannel 
Bum <iage.tr, tfie affected limb was diligently' 
rubbed for half an hour with a portion of the 
following liniment;— Oil of Cedar, 1 oz; Sulphuric 
Ether, 2 oza.; Proof Spirit, 1 pint. In the course 
of a few hours after the first application, the dif¬ 
ficulty had entirely disappeared. 
The owner informed me that tho horse had, 
the day prior to tbe attack, been exposed to 
the cold and continuous rain storm, and probably 
this operated as the exciting cause of the spasm. 
—Amer. Stock Journal, 
CROPS. 
The crops in Franklin county. Me., are here 
alluded to unless otherwise designated, and so 
of the produce prices reported above. 
Wheat is not near as good as for 1860-1 or ’62; 
that is, it will not yield near as well, though the 
quality will be near an average. Thinned out. 
iu the spring, wet weather in July and August, 
midge, rust, and mildew are the principal 
causes. 
Com is more than an average and was injured 
but very little by front. There was not so much 
os usual planted, or ratLer not so much as for a 
few years past, but in extra yield the deficiency 
will in groat pan be canceled. The crop 
throughout4he Slat ,« good, one, as lur as I 
have been able to learn. 
Beans are well represented, judging from the 
number of stacks to have been seen by auy one 
who went out among the farmers in the month of 
September, end are they well cured, will be a 
profitable crop, no doubt. 
Oats will fall much below the crop for the 
last three years, because less area was devoted 
to them, aud beside it has not been a good oat 
year. 
Barley did well, and much of the wheat and 
some of the corn land was put into this grain, 
because it brought an unusually high price last 
winter, and for the want of farm laborers the 
wheat and corn could not be put in in due 
season. 
Ray— an unusually heavy crop and of fair 
quality, taken altogether. A portion of the first 
cut was injured some. O. W. True. 
Oct. 19, 1863. 
These barns 
were inconvenient at lambing time, because ihe 
constant attention which one man could give to 
all the breeding ewes at once, if in the same or 
contiguous buildings, was necessarily divided up 
between tbe several scattered parcels of them, 
leaving but little time, comparatively, for each. 
Ami, finally, tho farmer was not so apt, under 
such circumstances, to see all his sheep daily 
with his own tyes; nor was either he or his shep¬ 
herd half so prone to turn out in the night to 
take care of Ihe sheep or the lambs, provided u 
Change of weather, the rising of a gale, or any 
other circumstance rendered it expedient, f, 
It is now usual to construct the sheep, like the 
horse and cow-barns, near the farm-house. When 
the farm flock does not exceed about three hun¬ 
dred. it is often wintered in a single barn which 
has separate apartments, holding from seventy- 
five to one hundred sheep each; and each apart¬ 
ment has a separate outside yard. The upper 
story of these barns is devoted to hay for the 
sheep: the under uue is eight feet high, and 
floored on the bottom if it is necessary to insure 
perfect dryness. 
It is common to take advantage of a slope in 
the ground, and by means of a small amount of 
excavation, so to place the sheep barn that while 
the doors of the basement story open on a lower 
level, those of the second story open upon a 
higher level, or on the surface of an asoent, on 
tbe opposite side—so that hay can be drawn on 
wagons into the upper story. This is something 
Cotton in Kentucky.— Notwithstanding the very uu 
favorable seaxon, the Louiavillo Democrat learn* that cot¬ 
ton ba* matured nearly n . well at usual in tho Southern 
counties of Kentucky. The gin* are now in operation, 
several new one* having been sent there this season. It 
has been customary, ever *inco the country has been set¬ 
tled, to grow cottou in the Southern ami Western counties 
of the State for domestic manufacture only. The Denur 
emit adds:—“Hand-carl*, for carding cotton, have long 
been uu article of con -hlerable Importance In thia market, 
bat till* year the trade ha* largely inere-oAed. u the quau 
ittuc i'ui uuo t "«8 life bN* greater than usual.’ 1 
KEEPING SHEEP FOR PROFIT. 
Im.ij.oib “Wool Growers’ Association.’’— It i* 6ta 
ted by Hon. JOHN Wentworth, that at the recent meeting 
of IllinuU Wool Grower*, au account of which was given 
in our last number, over oue quarter of a million of aheep 
were represented. The flocks of the President (A. B. 
McCowxirLi., E*q ,) aud Secretary (Mr. Brown,) number 
over twcr.ty-flvc thousand “ Wc are in earnest," re¬ 
marks Mr. Wentworth, “and it seemed to be the unan¬ 
imous opinion that 75 cent* was little enough for a pound 
of wool washed, aud our farmers menu to stand out until 
they get that *um." They will not have to stand out long 
according to present appearances. 
the same feed would gal poor. The flue-wooled 
sheep will live on coarser feed in summer. They 
will eat sprouts and briars, even when they have 
plenty of grass. 
Their fleeces protect them in summer and 
winter against rains. Tbe rain cannot go di¬ 
rectly to the skin; whereas open wooled sheep 
take cold very easy when they have a wet fleece 
on their backs for four or more days, and soon 
run at the nose. 
The cIobb wools have the advantage in winter, 
as their heavy fleeces keep them warm; and do not 
need as much hay. as they do not have to eat 
hay to keep up the animal heat. I said that the 
Merino did not get wet as soon as the other. Do 
not suppose that they can do well without shel¬ 
ter. as that will pay the interest in hay and wool, 
aud if they yet wet in cold weather it will take 
them a week to dry. You cannot afford to have 
your sheep get wet iu winter. 
1 hear my friends who keep the mutton sheep 
say that the Merinos are not good to eat We 
know that the New York butchers buy Merino 
sheep and lambs and never make any difference 
only as to size and fatness. I do not want to sell 
them for mutton, as thay are so valuable to keep 
for wool. Merinos that will shear 5£ pounds 
washed wool, (lambs by by their side,) and 
Big Crop of Onions. — The editor of the 
Ploughman has been down among the Marble¬ 
head (Mass.) farmers. Among other things he 
made a note of, is a statement of the onion crop 
of Horace Ware. Jr„ which is estimated the pres¬ 
ent season at seven thousand bushels! They are 
grown upon fourteen acres. He raised a large 
crop last year; but, unlike his neighbors, he did 
not sell them until spring, and thereby saved, 
in the difference of price, the snug little sum of 
$ 2 , 000 . 
Tax Flax Cotton Kxfbbiukntb. —Hie Providence (R. 
I.) Press, alluding to the $20,000 appropriated by Con¬ 
gress to make experiments with flax cotton, and intrusted 
to the Commissioner of Agriculture, censure* that officer 
for not ca operating with the Rhode Island 8ociety for the 
Encouragement of Industry. It would seem that the ap¬ 
propriation was made at the solicitation of members of 
this society after they had made experiments and devoted 
considerable attention to the subject, Much useful Infor¬ 
mation had thus been acquired by them, which would 
have been valuable iu conducting tbe new experiments. 
Farmington, Me., 
invention of the horse pitch-fork. The side of 
the lower story which supports tbe bank of earth 
resting against it, is generally composed of stone 
wall—this being necessary both for strength and 
durability. In various states of the atmosphere 
this wall exudes moisture, or. as it is termed, 
“sweats,”— diffusing dampness through the 
apartment. Unless that apartment is far higher, 
more spacious and better ventilated than would 
otherwise be necessary, this dampness is unques¬ 
tionably prejudicial to the health of sheep. The 
better course would be, where such a barn is 
thought desirable, to build it entirely independ¬ 
ent of the bank-wall and connect them with a 
short bridge. 
The usual way of dividing’the lower story of 
the sheep barn into apartments for different par¬ 
cels of sheep, is simply by placing feeding racks 
aoross them—so that in reality the sheep are all 
in one room. This mode is a material saving 
both of space and expense; and it is highly con¬ 
venient, inasmuch as the partitions can be 
• Even then, if seriously frightened, she generally runs 
directly away from the danger without stopping for her 
lamb if it cannot keep up. She has not tho remotest idea 
Of sheltering it from cold by the warmth of her own rer- 
6on, or any apparent consciousness that anywhere, or 
under any circumstances, it is weaker or tenderer or more 
exposed to danger than herself. We read anecdotes or a 
Tory contrary tenor among sentimental writers, and na¬ 
turalists who wi=h to enliven their narrations, or sustain 
some favorite theory. These anecdotes are very pretty— 
sometimes affecting; but unfortunately k> ninety-nine 
cases out of a hundred, untrue t 
t For example, I remember some twenty or twenty-five 
years since to have had several hundred ewes with young 
lambs left out on a warm and beautiful night in early May 
In four adjoining fields. A little after midnight I w«s 
wakened by the first howl of a nortlx-eaBter, which was 
accompanied by a blinding snow-storm. Thia was a case to 
s»v com* instead of go. In fifteen minutes threeof us, wilh 
our lantern*, had storied lor the fields about half .v mile off; 
and we worked on until 9 o’clock the next morning in get¬ 
ting in the sheep, and half frozen lambs, and in resuscita¬ 
ting the latter. We probably saved a hundred lambs which 
would have perished before morning. Had these sheep 
been out in the same number of paresis half a mile from 
oach other—some of the in a mile aud a half from my 
house —what chance would there have been to tare th6 
This Grain Aphis. — An Orleans Co., N. Y., corres¬ 
pondent writes:—“I saw in your paper, a short time ago, 
that it was a great mystery where the bug of this insect 
came from. I think that I know where some of them 
came from. Iu the foil of 1861, when I was pulling beans 
where there was plenty of barn grass In head, 1 saw for 
the first time tbe bug, for be was in tho barn grass. It 
was as full as it could hold, and they got all over me. 
The next season, as we all know, they were on the spring 
wheat and oats. So much for the bug. This is for your 
own benefit, and that of the pnblie if you choose.” 
Rusty Straw Unfit for Feeding.— R. Mc¬ 
Clure, in the Farmer and Gardener , gives an 
account of the injurious effects of rusty straw 
fed to horses, causing almost Immediate sickness 
and death to a large number of animals belong¬ 
ing to a cavalry regiment. A decoction made 
from rusty straw, given as an experiment, caused 
loss of appetite, and Bickness. 
Our Best Cattle and Sheep. 
One of the serious evils of the day, so far as 
agricultural improvement is involved, is the 
almost universal practice of disposing of the best 
and most perfectly developed animals to the 
butcher, and retaining the poorest and most insig¬ 
nificant to propagate from. Our herds and flocks 
are annually “picked” in this way, and, of 
course, annually diminished in value by it. If a 
farmer has a good lamb or calf, he is, usually, as 
certain to dispose of it as he is to receive an offer 
for it, and to supply its place—often by purchase 
“less expensive"one. 
New Mode ok Preserving Provisions —A patent has 
been applied for by A. H. Remond, of London, for pre¬ 
serving provisions by passing a current of electricity 
through the cans or cases containing what are called 
'‘preserved provisions," after they are sealed up. The 
electric fluid is made to pass through the case on a fine 
iron wire; the wire is caused to become red hot by the 
intensity of the current, and thus the oxygeu in the can 
is Hid to be consumed, because it will unite with the hot 
iron wire and form an oxide. 
Draining Barn Yards.— I wish to inquire through tbe 
column* of the Rural for the best drain to put in u bam 
yard. My yard is a level plot, sod it is almost impossible 
to keep it dry with straw. As it is very important that 
cattle hUould have a dry yard to eat and lie down in, I 
hope some knowing brother farmer will give me ihe de¬ 
sired information without delay; as the time is drawing 
bigfi When stock will have to be sheltered.— Newkakk 
—by a poorer aud 
The analogy between the vegetable and ani¬ 
mal kingdom is very close and obvious, so far as 
the laws of propagation are involved; yet very 
few appear to consider this fact as they ought 
No farmer plants poor corn or sows poor wheat 
if he can avoid it; and no one should think of 
breeding good and well-developed animals from 
parents which are unhealthy, or physically de¬ 
formed. If you have a well-formed colt, calf or 
lamb, let no price induce you to part with it. It 
is often well in agriculture, as in commerce, to 
disregard present profit tor the sake of future 
gain. The “points” of animals, whether good 
or bad, are hereditary, and we are often enabled 
to trace tbe progeny of a good or indifferent ani¬ 
mal through many generations. 
Witness our horses, where the several breeds 
are recognizable at once, and by marks which 
become more perfectly and strikingly developed 
with the lapse of every year. A breeder, in 
whose sheep-fold we stood, was offered six hun¬ 
dred dollars each for two of the lambs before us, 
and yet he declined the offer, and most wisely, 
too. He has since taken many high prizes for 
his pure and excellent stock, and it is just re¬ 
ported that lied) as taken one or two prizes on his I manufactures instruments for marking sheep’s ears, to 
sheep at the great agricultural fair in Germany! 1 order. 
Fall Wheat in Ohio.— The Ohio Farmer says:—There 
is a vast difference between this fall and last in the breadth 
and appearance of the wheat crop, Last year the drouth 
put an effectual veto upon all fall plowing in many places, 
and many fields which could be plowed were so dry that 
the grain could not sprout. This fall we saw very many 
field* of wheat in and up early in September, and every¬ 
where we go we are greeted with large aud numerous 
fields, all showing signs of vigorous growth. 
Tumors on Cattlb. —(A. Hull.)—The disease of your 
cow is probably an indurated Tumor, and if allowed to 
remain, frequently maturates and becomes a very trouble¬ 
some affair of a cancerous nature. The only remedy is 
tho knife and thorough extirpation of all its parts—care 
being taken not to wound the submaxiiiary and thyroid 
gland*, which they frequently envelop, nor any imporlant 
artery. If the animal is valuable, have a veterinary or 
other surgeon to perform r.he operation. 
Woolen Manufactories.— During the summer and 
fall many new xnd extensive manufactories of woolen 
fabrics have been opened in this and the Eastern States, 
and the capacity of many old ones largely increased. The 
men who are putting their capital into these recognize the 
fact that woolen fabrics must, for perhaps years to come, 
supply the place of cotton, and they are preparing to reap 
the harvest that this field will yield. 
Growth ok Hemf.—A subscriber in Salem, Ohio, 
writes:—“Thinking it might be interesting to the readers 
of tbe Rural to know to what extent the common hemp 
will grow, I will inform them of one I have growing. It 
measures ISJi fret in height, and is six inches in circum¬ 
ference at or uear the root, and is very full of seed, which 
will not ripen, however, on account of early frost.’ 1 
