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ROCHESTER, N. Y.-FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, DECEMBER 
{WHOLE NO. m 
MOOSE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
AX ORIGINAL "WEEKLY 
RURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
raised at five cents per ponnd, which gives a 
profit of forty-five cents per pouud net. No 
farmer in the North ever dreamed of such a 
profit; and if the advantages of coming hero 
were Known they would flock down here by 
thousands. 
“ This matter should be brought to the notice 
of the Government. You will naturally say the 
commissioners appointed are the ones to do it, if 
it has anything to recommend it; but I am sorry 
to say the interests of tho commissioners are op¬ 
posed to the plan, as they are interested in plan¬ 
tations themselves, and next year wish to make 
leases of large tracts to one person or persona of 
large capital, who may hire others to look after 
their business. I want, the men of moderate 
means, our western laborers, here. They will 
be a militia to take care of the country, and our 
troops cau go elsewhere. Tho persons who cul¬ 
tivate the next cotton crop are the ones who will 
buy the land here. Shall this land be distributed 
among a few and in large tracts, or is it not to 
the interest of our Government and our people 
that it should be owned in small tracts V The 
first way is what the commissioners would have, 
for they will be extensive purchasers. On this 
question they are 
easily. No damp, sour manger shall stand 
under the nose of my horse. 
5. The harness shall not hang up at the heels 
of my horse. There shall be a place for it on 
the floor with the carriages. It shall he kept in 
a olean place; and tho horse shall he taken from 
the stall to he harnessed. I will not run the 
risk of his getting his heels entangled in it, nor 
of its being thrown from its place under his feet. 
Nor will I harness a horse in a stall; and rarely 
will 1 let him stand there with a harness on. 
For there are few horses that will not damage a 
harness more by rubbing than it will cost of 
time and labor to remove it. 
6. The stalls shall he dry. I will provide that 
water shall not stand in them—that, the liquid 
excrement shall not only run from the stalls, 
but that it shall be conv eyed, in a gutter, from 
the barn, at once. For, while all stables should 
be kept as pure as possible, the horse stable 
Hfiould receive especial attention. There is no 
domestic animal whose organism ts so sensitive 
to atmospherical influences, with modern treat¬ 
ment, and diet, as the horse—none that require 
greater care in providing for health and comfort: 
nor which repay such care with better service. 
Such are some of tho essential features of' my 
horse barn. 
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE, 
With n Cnriw of Able Awktont* anil Contributor*. 
CHAS. D, BRAGDON, Western Corresponding Editor, 
Thb Rural Nkw-Yokkkr is designed to be unsurpassed 
in Value, I’urity and Variety of Contents, and uuiaue 
and beautiful in Appearance. Iti Conductor devotes bis 
personal attenttou to the Huporvidon of its various 
departments, aud earnestly labors to reuder the Rural an 
eminently Reliable Guide on all the important Practical, 
Scientific and other Subjects Intimately connected with the 
bunino’is of .those whose interests It siealonsly advocates. 
A* a FaXii.v JOIKXAL it N eminently Instructive and 
Entertaining — being so conducted that it can be safety 
taken to the Homes of people of intelligence, taste and 
discrimination. It embraces more Agricultural. Horticul¬ 
tural. Scientific. Educational, Literary and News Matter, 
intersperacd with appropriate Engravings, than any other 
journal,—rendering it the most complete Atlim.Tin.TiiitAl., 
Literary a.vd Family Nkwmpaper in America 
mm, 
ty For Terms and other particulars, see last page, 
perfectly rotten; and for the 
good of our country, and to rebuke selfishness, 1 
want to head them off. For the good of the slaved 
freed by Mr. Lincoln's proclamation I wish it; 
for to a great extent the ground will bo tilled by 
their labor, and I want a large population of 
white people here, so their labor will be In de¬ 
mand and be respected, and combinations of a 
few capitalists cannot be made against them. 
We have uprooted one aristocracy hero; let, us 
not establish byonrown act ono of another kind. 
The question of title to the land must not make 
timid a man who is thinking to come here. Tho 
cultivation for one year is enough to induce him 
to come. A man that takes only eighty acres 
can go back home at the end of the year with at 
least eight thousand dollars in his pocket. Would 
he make one-tenth of that by staying at home ?” 
THE SOUTH-WEST FOR NORTHERN MEN, 
A GOOD FIELD FOR FARMERS AND ARTISANS, 
THE GOAD vs. MULES 
It is refreshing to come across a sensible 
driver of these really useful animals. There i.i 
a sensitive spot in their natures which is not 
reached by goads and thongs and tho lash. 
Precisely whore It is located It Is diflicult to 
decide. But that it exists there is no doubt. And 
the cheerful, kindly-voiced driver, reaches it 
almost iavailably. The writer has watched tho 
work of mules pretty carefully, and the relations 
of drivers to them. The noisy, blustering, thrash¬ 
ing, slashing driver, who has more muscle than 
mind, and more strength than sense, is not, tho 
most successful in getting strength or speed out 
of these patient, faithful animals. They wag 
their tails and shako their heads as the blows 
fall; but they do not pull an ounce more nor 
step faster therefor. 
But let a cheerful-voiced man get hold of the 
lines; let him pull them firmly and steadily 
without jerking or “yanking;” let him talk 
quietly to them, and tho better side of their 
nature develops itself. They step off briskly, 
pull with a will, and act very much as human 
animals do under similar circumstances. They 
are easier coaxed than driven. Talking with a 
skillful driver on this subject the other morning, 
whose team was moving along at a brisk trot, I 
said you have a good pair of mules here. They 
travel well; and you use no whip. He replied, 
“No, I do not carry a whip when I drive mules. 
It is worse than useless. It destroys their use¬ 
fulness to whip them. There are far hotter ways 
of urging them. Any unusual noise is better 
than a goad. Kindness, and care for their com¬ 
fort, and consideration of their ability to do work 
are important. They should not be urged to do 
what it is not in their power to accomplish. And 
when they have performed what la asked of them 
see that they are allowed to breathe. They are 
perishable creatures; and while they can endure 
a great, deal, they cannot endure all things.” 
Such was the substance of tho driver’s talk. And 
he practiced what he preached with marked suc¬ 
cess. Brains, in a driver s head, are far better 
than a whip in his hand to make a mule go. 
MORCrAN OPLNLCUtYI 
a day, and only once temporarily disabled by 
lameness caused by an accident. lie is always 
ready, but usually too spirited —requiring a 
strong hand at the reins rather than exercise 
In the use of a whip. Like most Morgans ho is 
a capital cavalry horse. 
The Morgan is noted for both style and speed 
— while, for his weight and inches, there is no 
more powerful or enduring horse, in our opinion, 
indeed, he combines the two great requisites iu 
a horse —celerity and power in a remarkable 
degree, and hence his great popularity. But we 
promised to be brief, and will close by giving 
the pedigree of “Morgan General,” (portrayed 
above,) a line specimen of the Morgan family. 
The portrait, and pedigree are from Lix^i.ky’s 
“Morgan Horses”: 
“Morgan General was foaled in 1845, the 
property of Lowell Spencer, of Concord, Yt. 
Sired by Billy Boot, g sire, Sherman, g g sire, 
Justin Morgan. Dam, a very large mare, fast for 
her size, sired by Black Prince, dam still living, 
2G years old. General weighs 1,200 lbs,, is 
154 bauds high, and chestnut color. He is a 
very bold looking horse, tine style, and good 
action for a home of his size; very compact, 
limbs excellent, but have some loDg hair on 
them. Is a good horse. He is now owned by 
Wm. Hill, Oregon City, Illinois.” 
“A New Surscrirer” in Canada West, 
wishes to know something about Morgan horses. 
Wo will answer briefly, from our own observa¬ 
tion and experience. Though not, perhaps, as 
popidar as they were a few years ago, still there 
is more or less inquiry for Morgan horses, and 
in most sections the breed is probably as great 
a favorite as ever. For light work, and especi¬ 
ally for tho saddle and buggy, we think the 
Morgans generally have the preference in this 
country; they are certainly greatly admired 
and command high prices. For endurance, or 
“ bottom,” many of the Morgans are remarkable 
indeed it is a characteristic of the breed. Wo 
have what is called a Morgan horse, (probably 
not full blood,) weighing under 1,100 lbs., which 
we have used over fbnr years on a heavy, 
double-seated family carriage, and he has never 
“given out,” though often drawing a load 
heavy enough for two horses. We were at first 
admonished that “ Pornpoy ” would be killed, or 
“used up” the first season; and were so fearful 
of the result that we endeavored to exchange 
him for a heavy horse. But wo could not 
find any horse of size or weight that approached 
our little chestnut in either style or speed—and 
we now think none we then examined would 
equal him for service on the hard pavements 
of the city. For “Pornpoy” has never been sick 
MY HORSE BARN. 
When I get a horse barn as I want it, there 
will be the following features about it which I 
deem essential: 
L It shall be well lighted. It shall ho made as 
light and cheerful as a farmer's kitchen should 
be. No horse of mine shall stand in the gloom 
of a darkened stable, and with bis face Irom the 
light. He shall stand facing the light—if possi¬ 
ble facing the door where I enter to feed him. 
Light in a horse or cow barn is as important as 
sunshine to the plant; —and our stables will 
approach completeness only when this fact is 
recognized in their construction. 
2. It shall he thoroughly ventilated. My horse 
shall not stand In a dark, close stall, with his 
face against a rack or over a manger in which is 
confined musty or dusty hay. I will reverse the 
order found in most horse barns. The head of 
the horse shall bo where his heels usually are. 
And I will arrange that the confined air which 
he would breathe repeatedly in most Btables, 
shall escape and be supplied by a current of 
cool, fresh air from beneath the floor. Horses 
die for want of good air. They grow poor with 
an abundance of food, because of the poison 
they are compelled to inhale in the cramped, 
close stalls of a barn in which no provision 
whatever has been made for ventilation. My 
horse shall have an abundant supply of pure air 
if I can get it for him, and I think I can. 
3. I will feed him before his face. I will not go 
into his stall at all to feed him. His head shall 
look out upon an alley, or larger space, from 
which I will feed him. I will regard my own 
comfort, convenience and safety in this arrange¬ 
ment This alley being light, I cau easily dean 
the feed box, and feed him without the least dis¬ 
comfort or danger. If my horse barn and 
wagon house are combined in one, the horses 
shall not stand with their heels towards the 
door. I will make the front of their stalls the 
line of a compartment And they shall look out 
upon the entering carriage; and filth and ma¬ 
nure shall be kept from the carriage department. 
•i. I will iiol feed hay in a rack. If hay is fed 
in its normal condition, it shall be in a box, sup¬ 
plied through a tubular feeder. If cut feed, 
there shall be a manger that shall be ample. 
And the manger shall neither be too high nor 
too low. It shall be on a level with the breast 
of tho horse —so that he and I may reach the 
bottom of It without great effort. If I feed wet 
food, it shall be so arranged that I may drain it 
AGRICULTURAL SOCIETIES 
I received my Rural yesterday, and in 
perusing the Western Editorial Notes, which are 
always full of matters of interest, and which we 
believe give as much value to the Western circu¬ 
lation of the paper as anything else it contains— 
and which we further believe are more attentive 
to real agricultural interests of the West than 
anything else published — we read in relation to 
the above subject, “The mission of these Socie¬ 
ties is ended.” Now we can’t, by any means, 
allow so much hope as we have formed upon this 
subject to be cut off entirely with so fow words, 
and so little ceremony. That Agricultural So¬ 
cieties of late years have been “run in the 
ground” we are willing to admit; but for all 
that, the growth of their usefulness has just com¬ 
menced. They must be turned into other chan¬ 
nels, that is all. Heretofore the only object to be 
obtained by the managers of these “concerns” 
has been to keep up an annual show. I cannot 
call it an agricultural show, because agriculture 
