time or money aojtolaltcr the appearance of a 
place as to make it hear a very different look to 
what It dhl in the past year. A new dump of 
cheap shrubbery may be planted, or an old one 
taken away to admit a new view that may have 
grown up since the original planting. A strip of 
gras* may ho laid down on what waa once bare 
gravel. Here a small rockery may be put to¬ 
gether, there a nest of rootft thrown up, and 
ferns and trailing plants treely interspersed be¬ 
tween them. In this corner you may place a 
Btunip, and entice Ivy or some climbing vines to 
grow over it— a rustic arbor may be formed In 
some inviting nook, and in another shade-entic¬ 
ing spot, a rustic chair or bench be fixed. 
Even the outline of the flower-beds may be 
changed, or ot the walks themselves, oroven the 
contour ol‘ the surface in some instances, and all, 
in many cases, at the expense of a very small 
expenditure of time and money.— OarU. Monthly. 
iJoituis of JVpmtUurnt JwiftUs 
WHAT IS GOOD CARE OF AN ORCHARD! 
Ohio Agricultural Convention.— The regular annual 
meeting of delegates from the several County Agricul¬ 
tural Societies, with the Ohio State Board of Agricul¬ 
ture. was held at Columbus on the 8th of January, 
inst. Fifty-three counties were represented. A busi¬ 
ness committee was appointed when a scries of reso¬ 
lutions was offered denouncing combinations for the 
purpose of affecting the price of labor or commodities 
of any kind. Combinations, with respect to labor, 
were regarded as especially oppressive to the farmer. 
On this point a spirited 
was decided in the affirm- 
The outgoing members of 
ative by a vote ol ol i 
the old State Board ’ 
tion. At a meeting 
I > a Mi*. McMillan < 
dent. James Buckingham, Treasurer, John H. Klip- n ot stagnate about the ri 
part, Corresponding Secretary. fore we should drain ; th 
The subject of the establishment of an Agricultural ized—mixed together— a 
College engaged a large share of the attention of the draw food from every 
Convention. The land donated by Congress for this s b 0u i(} plow and replov 
object has all been sold at an average of 53 cents per gu j )60 jj > Tbe frees mm 
acre. Some members wanted but one college; others , ood and this should 1 
two or mere, while a third section wanted the funds „ reat 
to go to institutions already established, thereby ,)e P nt there, g 
saving the expense or new and separate buildings. [ out the trees, as aJte 
Nothing delinito seems to have been decided upon, do the work as well. - 
Mr. Uap.ru* or the Ohio Farmer, remarking on the J planted, and this work 
enbject says, “we arc at sea again with the whole ul08 t skillful manner, 
matter.” Several existing College* in Ohio have {or sake of the tint 
made propositions to take the funds and append to c f the orchard, 
their several institutions an Agricultural Department. | * oge # p or two b y g 
The matter has been before the Ohio Legislature, but g omc plant bad i y 
no conclusion upon it has yet been reached. <w 
jgovtintUuval anil Qun'i^ 
PLAN OF LANDSCAPE GARDEN.—NO. III. 
Indiana Horticultural Society.— The annual 
meeting of this Society was held at Indianapolis, Jan. 
8th, 1867. The attendance was quite large, and the 
proceedings spirited and harmonious. Don. I. D. G. 
Nelson was re-elected President ; Ali.kn Fubnasb, 
Calvin Fletcher. J. C. .Shoemaker and 1C. C. Siler, 
Vice-Presidents; 8. W. Pearson, Scerctnry; Joseph 
Gilbert, Corresponding Secretary, and J. S. Dunlop, 
Treasurer. Interesting reports on fruit subjects were 
presented, followed by a general discussion aa to the 
merits of different varieties anil the proper treatment 
of them. Mulching small fruits was decided to he 
admirable, but thu use of sawdust and tanbark was 
regarded as Injurious. Various varieties of small 
fruits were considered, and a list for recommendation 
made out, but the report from which wo condense 
gives no names but one of strawberries and that 
Wilson's Albany. The meeting waa regarded as a 
highly satisfactory one. 
nance to the highest and best. The lower, j 
through the course of time, become parts of , 
higher forms, and the whole are perpetually j 
going out into those still higher and higher, till 1 
the ripe or perfect period is attained. 
The ancient Britons lived almost exclusively 
npon the crude supplies furnished them by the 
hand of Nature; but as the Caucasian advanced 
and spread over Europe, the lorests were laid 
low, and England to-day furnishes a melancholy 
example of the reckless waste and the perverse-1 
ness of boasted civilization in those early days. 
Her heat timber lands were laid in ashes, regard¬ 
less ot future needs, till now wood for fuel has 
become a thing almost entirely of the pest. And 
it is only by the enactment of severe penal laws 
that some of the few remaining valuable trees 
are saved. But the English arc generally provi¬ 
dent, and are beginning to plant forest trees that 
will, in a measure, meet their urgeut need when 
grown. 
It will be far worse with America than Eng¬ 
land, (lor we live faster,) if some effectual method 
is not introduced within a few years and put into 
ones, 
LANDSCAPE GARDENING.—No. Ill 
BY WILLIAM WEBSTER. 
In the combination and arrangement of all 
Objects in landscape gardening, too much care 
cannot he taken to preserve a proper balance of 
parts. Thus, in the lormatiou of auy new place, 
if we desire to succeed iu adorning and beautify¬ 
ing it to our own satisfaction and that of others, 
It becomes us to study well the genius ol the 
place, so that when completed it shall exhibit 
all the characteristics of unity and harmony. 
Rr.PEitr.Ncr. to Plan. — A, Dwelling; B. Stables: 
trees; be was sanguine of eating the luscious 
fruit in three or four years—the nurseryman had 
assured him that four years would bring the trees 
to a hearing state, if lie took good care of them. 
The farmer began his care iu this way:—Very 
rich and rather heavy soil was chosen that had 
been under sod for some years. Holes about 
one foot square and eight or ten inches deep 
were made with the spade. Into each of these 
a large shovelful of hen manure was thrown, the 
trees then crammed in, with their roots all iu a 
heap, and the holes filled with earth. We passed 
that way a year or two afterward, and it occured 
to ns to look for the peach orchard. It was not 
visible. Ouly now and then, where a tree should 
have stood, there stuck out of the earth a straight, 
dry stick, like a whip-stock, devoid of branches 
[ or leaves, 
and interesting. Peter Melendy was re-cieciea 
President, James D. Wright, V. P., and •*. M Shaffer, 
Secretary; Dr. Geo. Spragne of Bntler Co., for many 
years Cor. Sec. Ohio State Board of Agriculture, was 
elected Treasurer. The State Fair of 1867 will be held 
at Clinton._ 1 
Steuben Co. Ag. Society -The annual meeting of 
this Society was held at Bath, Jan. 9th. The number 
in attendance was large, and an excellent spirit was 
manifested. Improvements in the buildings and 
grounds of the Society were resolved upon. The fol- | 
Towing officers were elected for 1867: President— R. 
B. Wilkes. TicePres'ts —A. Y. Baker, J. W . Whiting, 
Alex. Arnold, F. J. Muss hall. C’. P. Hubbard, W. S. 
Hodgman, l/Yeas. —Geo. W.Hallock. Secy Reuben 
E. Robie. __ 
, I 
Stephenson Co (HI.) Ag. Society.- The following 
board of officers was elected at the late annual meet¬ 
ing, held at Freeport: President —Conrad J. Fry of 
Freeport. Vice IYes'ts —Harrison Dicmer, John Bar- 
foot, Fred Watson. Rec Sec'y— Geo. Wolf. Cor. Sec. 
—Samuel J. Davie. Treas.— L. W. Guiteau, and a 
General Committee of one for each township. The 
treasurer's report shows the Society to be in a healthy 
financial condition. _ 
The SkaneaitUs Farmers' Club has elected the fol¬ 
lowing board for 1867: President — Edward Shep¬ 
ard. Vice Pres'ls— Wills Clift, C. C. Wyckoff. Rec. 
Sec'y —Cliaoncey B. Thorne. Cor. Sec'y —Jcdcdiah 
Irish. Treas— Wm.J.Townsend. Directors— Alfred 
Lamb, George U. Knapp, Dor Austin, J. H. AUcd. J. 
Irish, Moses Parsons. 
Dacota Co. (Minn.) Ag. Society—At its recent annual 
meeting this Society elected officers for 186 1 as fol¬ 
lows : Pm't— W. K. Rogers. Vice Pres'ts— R. Cecil 
W. S. Ilirdick, F. C. Carpenter, S. L. Bean, John 
Simpson. Sec'y—\rr\n% Todd. Tr«U .—Porter Mar¬ 
tin. Directors— James Archer, W. G. LeDuc, William 
Jones, D. B. Truax, Titus Day. 
operation to save the forests and grow new 
especially upon the immense prairies of the West, " 
where timber and fuel are so greatly wanting. 
There is no manner of excuse sufficient for the y 
heedless slashing and burning of our best and ^ 
most valuable forests. If this process Is to go 
on at the present rate a few years longer, we are 
rapidly approaching th« period when a wood lire | 
and the sturdy oak to erect our mansions and f 
ships, will be sung among the songs ol the post \ 
that enliven the imagination with pictures of 1 
substantial luxuries, such as our grandfathers 
enjoyed by the huge winter fire around the good 1 
old-fashioned fire-place. We may now, if we 1 
will, prevent the calamity of a treeless country 
for all future time. Most of our forest trees can 
be propagated from seeds or small stems with 
less care than we can grow fruit trees. Iu some 
localities, where wood for fuel and mechanical 
purposes is the greatest want, especial attention 
should be given to the hardy sorts for the latter, 
as oak, maple, hickory, walnut, ash, etc., etc., 
and for the former those of quick growth, as 
poplar, chestnut, willow, etc., etc., and in every 
event the most useful hardy sorts should be 
started at once. The seeds of maple, elm, etc., 
ripen in early summer, and should be planted 
as Boon as possible after, to give them a start 
before whiter. Those ripening later should be 
planted just as soou as possible after tbey are 
ripe,—for if left till the seeds become dried they 
are always uncertain and very slow to germinate. 
Plant trees by all means, even if lor nothing else 
than shade and ornament, and if you do not live 
to reap the benefits resulting from their growth, 
posterity will praise and bless the band that 
planted them. 
There arc other important considerations, 
aside from those ot urgent, practical need, that 
call for a growth and supply of forests. With 
sufficient shade and forest trees, the earth parts 
with its moisture more slowly, consequently 
Buffering much less from drouths, and evapora- 
, tion becomes more equalized, thus keeping the 
surrounding atmosphere ol a uniform tempera¬ 
ture, and preventing those sudden extremes of 
heat and cold that operate to such an alarming 
extent against the health of our people In the 
matter of climate. Nature is robbed of its 
grandest and most beautiful spectacle in the 
^ outstretched landscape, leaving a weary mono¬ 
tony of arid plains, hills, mountains and valleys 
. that are dreary in the extreme. Besides, people 
could uot live without a supply of trees upon the 
earth, and the more there is, and leave sufficient 
room for the development of human purposes, 
Miles A. Davis. 
Yet wc have no doubt that the farmer 
imagined lie took good care of bis trees, and per¬ 
haps he attributed their death to a feeble consti¬ 
tution, and lost bis faith In nurserymen and their 
practices. Good care requires the planting to 
be done properly; the roots oi the trees should 
never become dry, the fine libers should be pre¬ 
served, and, briefly, the roots should be placed 
in the soil In the same condition, as nearly as 
possible, 
as they were taken from it. To do 
this, time, labor and skill are essential. 
Good care requires that everything lie done 
within the knowledge of the cultivator which 
will increase the thrift of the orchard until it 
reaches maturity. The soil must be mellowed, 
mulched, and manured. Each individual tree 
must be watched and trained to assume, proper 
shape. All enemies must be guarded against, 
and steady, healthful progress made. When the 
bearing state arrives, good cure is doubly essen¬ 
tial. Then the cultivator looks for the reward 
of his labor and faith. Strong, vigorous and 
healthy, the trees are liable to overbear. Good 
care alone will guard against this disaster. At 
this period insects, mildew, rot—many and vari¬ 
ous enemies— threaten the fruit. There is but 
one successful way: they must be fought. 
We believe that orehardists do not fight insect 
depredators, especially, half as hard aa their in¬ 
terest demands. Suppose you have five hundred 
trees, will it not pay to use the services of one 
intelligent man constantly in the care of them ? 
Each tree would then have its wants supplied. 
Insects, the great bane of our orchards, would 
be kept in check, and the increased product of 
un orchard thus cared for would amply repay 
the cost of the work. 
G no wi no Cranberries Extensively.— A Michigan 
journal states that, ageutleman from Philadelphia has 
commenced operations on a farm of thirteen hundred 
acres iu Barry county, which he designs to devote 
entirely to the growing of cranberries. 
itontesiic sScouotug 
To Preserve Bumpkin.— Cut as for present 
use. Stew soft; take it up and sift it; put it in 
a cloth and press the juice out; return the juice 
to the kettle; when boiled clown sufficient to 
form a sirup, when the sugar is dissolved, add 
as many pounds of sugar as you have of the 
pumpkin alter the juice is pressed out. When 
dissolved, mix the pumpkin thoroughly with it. 
Add salt, and any kind of spice you choose. 
Put it in a jar and cover with molasses. When 
wanted for use, add a little more milk than 
freshly stewed pumpkin. Eggs, the same. It 
will keep a year. 
Mrs. Grow’s Indian Loaf.— One quart In¬ 
dian meal, One quart wheat ilour, one quart rich 
buttermilk, one-halt cup molasses, one table¬ 
spoon soda, one tubleBpoon salt. Try it .—Le 
Roy , Dec. 17, I860. 
Lobo (C. IF.) Ag. Society .—'This Society, which is in 
a very flourishing condition, elected the following 
officers on the 12th Inst.: Pres't — Roger IIedley. 
Tice Pres't, Clerk and Treas.— Henry Edwards. Di¬ 
rectors— Irvine, J. B. Campbell, A. McKellar, M. 
Campbell, W. Lynch, R. Hunter, J. Henderson, T. 
Douglass and T. Haverhill. 
East Middlesex (0. IF.) Ag. Society.— At the annual 
meeting of this Society held in London on Tuesday 
last, Mr. Magee was elected President. Mr. Wheaton 
1st Vice Prest't, and Mr. Rowatt 2d do.: Mr. Kerr 
Treasurer, and Mr. Henry Aude.rson. London Town¬ 
ship, Secretary. _ 
Sloanburg Farmers' Club. — The furiners of dis¬ 
trict No. 8 , Sheridan, Chatauqua county, met on the 
15th ult., and elected their officers for the present year. 
Pres't— Ezra Carpenter. Vice Pres't— John Gilson. 
Sec'y and Treas.— E. Baker. The Executive Com¬ 
mittee are I. Horton, R Carpenter and J. Button. 
main. Now, how are you to decide r 'v ny, by 
weighing well in your own mind which will har¬ 
monize best with the surroundings; and after 
yon have so decided, act accordingly. Bettor 
suffer a trifle of inconvenience than mar the 
whole contour of your place. If the objection¬ 
able feature be a tree that is not in full health 
and vigor, we say remove it without any hesita¬ 
tion whatever; for true taste will not tolerate 
anything that is discordant with the surround¬ 
ings. My maxim is that one finely developed 
and well shaped tree Is worth fifty ordinary ones 
in adorning a place. 
The accompanying plan represents an acre of 
ground drawn to a scale of 60 feet to an inch, 
being a corner lot, and having the advantage of 
tiro fronts with an entrancefrom each. ' 
PLANTING TOO MANY VARIETIES 
One very serious mistake which fruit growers 
are liable to make—especially young and enthu¬ 
siastic ones — iB that of planting too great a 
variety. With the majority the chief object is 
to make money, not to test comparatively un¬ 
known sorts ol fruit, or to introduce new ones. 
These should remember that the reliable, and, 
therefore, really profitable, varieties of any one 
fruit are limited to few in number; that it re¬ 
quires considerable time to test a variety suf¬ 
ficiently to determine correctly whether it is a 
It should be remembered, 
To Make Sausage.— As we get very many 
good thing from the Domestic column, I will 
give you one for sausage that the weakest stom¬ 
ach can bear without fear of its rising iu the 
stomach after eating. To 10 lbs of meat add 
3 o/.h. salt, B doz. doves, one oz. black pepper, 
X 07.. saltpetre, % oz. glauber salts, sage to 
taste, 2 ozs. sugar, brown for browning. If you 
do not find them good send the bills to me.— 
following officer# for 1867: President —E, P. >N ood- 
worth of Great Barrington. Vice Prest's— M. S. Bid- 
well of Monterey and M. P. Lanckton of Egreinont. 
Treas .—Justin Dewey, Jr. Sec'y —Henry T. Robbins 
of Great Barrington. 
Chickasaw (Iowa) Ag, Society .—This Society held its 
annual meeting Jan. 8th. The President, H. M. Mix¬ 
er, announces that the Society has its grounds paid 
for, is out of debt, and is now ready to enter upon the 
performance of it* mission. 
Schuyler Co. Ag. Society—At the annual meeting 
of this Society, held at Watkins Jan. 12th, Col. E. C. 
Frost was elected President, S. W. Sacket, Secre¬ 
tary, and Dr. N. Thompson, Treasurer. 
SPARE THE FORESTS, 
desirable one or not, 
too, that but few varieties of fruit are extensively 
known in the market, and the demand for those 
unknown must he created; hence it is difficult 
to realize a remunerative price for the latter, be 
they never so fine. 
But an enthusiastic fruit grower is not satis¬ 
fied with a few sorts; he may make money with 
them, but uot progress iu Horticulture. But 
the safe way is to devote a &raall portion of the 
grounds exclusively to these experimental ope¬ 
rations, 
Mrs. Grow’s Indian Loaf. — One quart In¬ 
dian meal; one quart wheat ilour; one quart 
rich buttermilk; one-half cup molasses; one 
tablespoon soda; one tablespoon salt. Try it 
— Leroy , Dec. , 1866. 
the better it will be. 
Oleau, N. Y., Jan. 12,1667. 
PLEASURE GROUNDS, 
Washington Co. (N. Y.,) Sheep Breeders’ and 
Wool Growers' Association.— An account of a spe¬ 
cial shearing and scouring test under the auspices of 
this Association was received during our illness and 
has been overlooked until now. Orange Collins of 
Whitehall, won the Buell prize “for the heaviest 
fleeces from three yearling ewes, (to he entered to¬ 
gether in one pen.) without regard to gross weight.” 
The fleeceB weighed 36 lbs. 7 ozs. Three fleeces from 
yearlings shown by Baker & IIakrigan weighed 35 
lbs. 10 ozs. Both lots were subsequently scoured, 
after which Mr. C’s weighed 14lbs. 2 ozs.. and Mesers. 
B. & H.'s 12 lbs. Weight, precise age, and compara- 
tive.condition of the sheep, not given. 
It would be well, at this season of leisure, to 
examine and decide on the course of improve¬ 
ments for the ensuing year. 
“Night brings out stars, as sorrow shows u« 
truths,” and winter reveals to us defects in gar¬ 
dening taste and arrangements we should else 
have bad no conception of. Lot us note well 
every point capable of improvement, every alter¬ 
ation that can be made without prejudice to the 
original design, every novelty that can consist¬ 
ently and with propriety be introduced, and every 
change that would commend itself to onr notions 
of good taste and elegance; so that when Flora 
shall return to roll away the stone from the se¬ 
pulchral heart ot winter, wc shall be ready to go 
earnestly to work to prepare a place where she 
may feel proud to “sit therein an angel,” and 
guide us to the enjoyment ot one ot the purest 
pleasures earth can bestow—a beautiful aud well- 
conducted garden. 
It does not, in very many cases, require much 
An acre or two will afford space lor 
many varieties, and beiug in small compass they 
may be watched with more satisfaction, aud 
without the fear of great loss in case of com¬ 
plete failure. One advantage of having such 
grounds for testing fruit would be the constant 
aud varied supply gained for family use. No 
part of the year would come without an abund¬ 
ant supply of appropriate fruit being at hand. 
Molasses Pie. — One cup and a half of molas¬ 
ses, half cup of good vinegar, one egg, two ta- 
blcspoonfuls of flour; season with lemon or 
nutmeg. Bake in pie-plates—two crusts. The 
above makes two pies. 
Profits os- a Garden, — A correspondent of 
the Northern Farmer says that having been fre¬ 
quently told by farmers that much gardening 
would not pay, he thought he would test the 
matter with a certain piece of ground. The ex¬ 
pense of Boil, labor and manure was $24.55. The 
return in various products was $58.78,— equal¬ 
ing, as he thinks, a clear profit of $24.77. The 
Carrot Pudding, No. 2. — To one pouud of 
grated carrots add a pound of flour, a quarter ot 
a pound ot suet and two ounces of currants; 
mix, and boil like plum pudding. With a little 
sauce this makes a cheap and palatable pudding. 
Saratoga Co. (N. Y.,) Sheep Breeders’ and 
Wool Growers’ Association, — An Association un¬ 
der the above designation has been formed—Hon. 
Henry Holmes of CoveviJle, President, and F. D. 
Ct’RTisol Charlton, Secretary. Its officers tender a 
vigorous co-operation to the State Association, and 
the v have Issued circulars calling on the wool growers 
of the county to petition Congress to pasB the woo) 
tariff hill of last winter. 
products of even a small garden, well tilled and 
properly diversified as to kinds of articles to be 
grown, are not only a source of comfort, but of 
profit also. 
Ladies —When you buy Saleratus please notice 
how much larger the Best Chemical Saleratus 
papers are than others. They weigh more. 
