to the lack of .thought and information on the 
subject. It will astonish many persons to hear 
it asserted that at the present high price of 
apples, it would still be more profitable to con¬ 
vert. them luto vinegar. The lUcllity with which 
the fruit can he gathered and the ease with which 
it can he converted Into vinegar, even without 
the use of any art! Acini means, added to the great 
and growing demand for pure elder vinegar, at 
high remunerating prices, challenges the atten- 
ExtenBive cider depots 
years ago, from green wood, and planted those 
vines alongside of those grown from npe wood, 
and to-day he could see no difference. No fault 
is found with growing vines from green layers, 
but take the same wood into the propagating 
house and an outcry is raised against it. His 
experience was that good vines could be grown 
from green wood, but he abstained from prac¬ 
ticing it in deference to public opinion. Bron¬ 
son thought good plants could be grown from 
green wood. Barby thought the buyers had 
the matter In their own hands. Propagators 
would resort to all means to increase the stock 
when it was valuable. Buyers should insist on 
having good plants—no matter how they aro 
grown—let them be good jdants. It is an axiom 
that the less of the old wood there is left on the 
plant the better it is. He did not doubt that 
good plants could he and had been grown trom 
gTeen wood. Breum had no doubt that good 
plants could be grown from green wood if good 
“Show me the 
THE GREAT AMERICAN TEA COMPANY, 
MEETING OF THE WESTERN NEW YORE 
FRUIT GROWERS' SOCIETY. 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker:— Seeing that the Great 
American Tea Company advertise extensively in your 
columns, I thought It would not be Improper to in¬ 
quire of you concerning thorn,—whether they are 
sufficiently reliable for farmers to depend on them for 
their teas,—whether they have a largo amount of cap¬ 
ital in it, or not, Ac. Or, Is it one of the many hum¬ 
bugs with which our country is infested now-a-days ? 
Please answer through the Rural, and yon will 
greatly oblige many of its constant readers.—M. W., 
West Liberty, Iowa, Dec., 1866. 
Remarks, —The above inquiry was received 
some weeks ago, and although we were con- 
lident the Company alluded to was reliable, wo 
wished to “ make assurance doubly sore,” and 
therefore wrote to an Intelligent friend in New 
York city for information on the subject, inclos- 
i ing the note of M. W. To our letter of inquiry 
we have received substantially this reply “ I 
ant confident the Great American Tea Company 
is “ reliable " in every seme of the word. The 
Company has, I believe, eight large stores in 
this city and Brooklyn. It sells, probably, one- 
third of all the tea imported in New York. In 
furnishing farmers by the club system, every 
pound often is warranted to give satisfaction, or 
money returned. Satisfaction is always given, 
so far us It would appear from the testimony of 
the subscribers to the religious papere of tills 
and other cities, and the Company is endorsed 
and recommended by the editors of the same 
papers, and other InhuCr.ual Journals, 1 learn 
that nearly lifty persons, from the offices ot 
these papers, aro buying constantly of the Com¬ 
pany, and you know printers and editors are 
not likely to patronize humbugs. If any person 
[Concluded from page 47.] 
Information about berries being called for, 
Mr. Thomas said we knew little about the new 
blackberries in Western New York, but he had 
hopes that gome of them would supersede the 
Lawton. Perry, Canandaigua, said the Law- 
ton was one of the most profitable crops grown 
in New Jersey. Growers received from five to 
eight hundred dollare per acre. The canes must 
be pinched back. Sylvester, Lyons, had grown 
the Lawton for ten years and never missed a 
crop. It sometimes kills hack, but never so 
badly as to destroy the crop. No fruit excels 
this for conning. Mr. Pillow had sold $235 
tion of all fruit grower*, 
will be established, at no distant day, iu different 
sections of the country, not, as at one time, to 
convert it into whisky, hut into vinegar, so that 
all the surplus stock Of unsalable market apples, 
iu addition to the cider apples, will pay well to 
This will alone have the 
convert Into elder, 
effect of keeping a very large portion of fruit 
now seen on sale out of market, au end much 
to he desired surely, for it is lamentably true 
that a large portion of it, well educated swine 
would turn from, iti search of something more 
palatable. This last is said in sorrow, in these 
progressive days of Pomological science. 
We would therefore recommend the planting 
of good, productive market varieties,—carefully 
pick and send the very best aud no others to 
market, and make the balance into cider, bear¬ 
ing in mind at the same time that apple juice 
aud water does not make either pure eider or 
vir.egar, besides it is not very honest, (and farm¬ 
ers as well as everybody else ought to be honest), 
and docs not make a very good article to build 
a reputation upon, which is very important, lor 
upon it depends a ready sale and Increasing de¬ 
mand at least 86 per cent, above the common 
market price. The villainous stuff now sold aud 
used by nearly every family, as cider vinegar, 
has by careful analysis shown In Innumerable 
cases the entire absence of cider, but was com¬ 
posed of all the various poisonous compounds 
used iu the manufacture of the so-called cider 
sold in the markets, damaging and de¬ 
stock were used. Griffith. 
good plant and I wont ask where it came from.” 
Hooker had grown plants from green and ripe 
wood side by side and could sec no difference; 
it was simply a matter of good treatment. 
Peach culture in Western New York was next 
discussed. 
Haywood, Brighton, thought success in peach 
culture depended on location. Sandy soil was 
besides. Bronson spoke highly of the Dorches¬ 
ter. Yocnolove stated that four quarts of ber¬ 
ries made one pound of dried fruit; thought it 
profitable to grow them for drying at twenty- 
five cents per pound. Qcimby thought the 
blackberry one of the most profitable crops. 
Clipped the canes to a height of three feet. 
Frost, Rochester, said that on npland the Law- 
ton seldom winter-killa, on alluvial soil there is 
more danger. Hooker, Rochester, had seen the 
Lawton and Dorchester side by side, and the lat¬ 
ter did not bear half os well as the former. El- 
Cleveland, had seen acres Ot LawtonB 
A MINIATURE GREEN - HOUSE 
Lanuworthy, Greece, named some varieties 
w bich he deemed least subject to disease, and most 
worthy of cultivation. These were Hill’s Chili, 
HonestJohn, Early Crawford, Early Purple, Early 
Barnard and Hale’s Early. It was very important 
to obtain varieties not subject to curled leaf. 
We should gTow seedlings in order to obtain 
new varieties; the present ones have become, in 
a measure, debilitated. Hoao said the peach 
liott, 
trained by twisting the canes of each alternate 
hill together, when they bad reached the height 
of about five feet. 
The meeting bad the pleasure at this time of 
listening to able and instructive essays from 
Messrs. Barry, Griffith and Brooks. Wo 
gave our readers that of Mr. Barry last week, 
and hope to lay before them at some future time 
the others. 
The subject of publishing the proceedings of 
the Society was next called up and a voluntary 
contribution taken up to aid in effecting this 
purpose. It is to be hoped that another year 
the Society will be in condition to publish their 
proceedings. 
The vote for the best twelve varieties of grapes 
was then taken, twelve names being voted on 
one ballot., TbJrty-elght votes were cast with 
the following results:—Whole number, 38.— 
Diana, 38; Delaware, 37; Concord, 83; Iona, 31; 
Crevellng,SO; Adirondack; laraella, 20; Rog¬ 
ers’ No. 4,23; Isabella, 23; Rebecca, 26; Hart- 
lord Prolific, 27; Catawba, 13; Rogers’ No. 19, 
15; Union Village, 7; Clinton, 7; Allen’s Hy¬ 
brid,6; Ives’ Seedling, 2; To Kalon, Rogers 44, 
Rogers 39, Perkins, Maxutawney, Norton’s Seed¬ 
ling, Corlellc and Cuyahoga, one each. 
The following grapes were at the head of the 
list in the order named -.—Delaware, 25; Iona, 
Adirondac, 1; Isabella, 3; Ca- 
vmegar 
stroying the health of those using It, compris¬ 
ing, it is estimated, at least nineteen -twentieths 
of the community.— Trane, Indiana llorl. Soc'y. 
fmlintttural awl <!Jn«rle$ 
COAL TAR INJURING FRUIT TREES, 
each year afterwards. The trees were made to 
branch within one or two feet of the ground. 
The fifth year from setting the trees bore their 
first, crop; got 800 bushels from 500 trees. 
Barry thought peaches might be grown profita¬ 
bly within a short distance of the shore of Lake 
Ontario—far away they cannot. Clark, Medina, 
had had very good success with the peach; from 
one and a hall' acres, planted in 1857, had sold, 
during the past four years, fruit to the value of 
$2,800. His soil was dry, early loam, ou which 
the wood ripened early. Thomas said the cold 
injured immature wood, but it killed fruit buds 
on well ripened wood as qutekly as on that 
unripe. 
The Society adjourned sine die. 
Eds. Rural: — Having used coal tar to some 
considerable extent on fruit trees, and having 
from my own bitter experience formed an 
adverse opinion regarding its merits, I have 
resolved to communicate the result of my ex¬ 
periments, hoping it may benefit some who 
contemplate using it. 
In the Ikll of 18<»5, having a luxurious crop of 
clover In a young orchard of five years’ growth 
after setting, and being quite, anxious to pasture 
it with sheep, I applied coal tar to tiie trees to 
secure them from injury, having previously read 
of and heard it recommended for that purpose. 
The application waB tried upon one hundred and 
seventy-live, trees in an orchard of live hundred, 
the. balance being too large to require it. I then 
pastured with sheep during the fall, and noticed 
no injury from barking except ill two or three 
cases where the eoveriug was light, which was 
promptly suppressed by a second coating of tar. 
I also applied it to about forty young pear trees 
to guard against girdling from mice, which 
proved ft sure protection in every case, and 1 
congratulated myself upon my good fortune in 
having round such an easy and cheap preventive 
for the ravages of those secret enemies of young 
fruit trees. My satisfaction, however, was Bhort 
lived, and was succeeded by disappointment and 
regret, when, in the spring oiler warm weather 
came ou, I noticed the bark looked shriveled, 
turning black and becoming dry to the wood. 
It bad every appearance of having been scorched 
with lire. The pear trees 1 scraped quite early 
in the spring, slitting the bark from root to 
branch. I am unable to say positively that this 
saved them, hut only six of them died; while of 
the apple trees full one hundred and twenty-five 
destroyed, aud many of the others were 
VARIOUS ORIGINAL RECIPES, &c 
Crullers. —Dissolve a teaspoonful of soda in 
four tablespoons of milk ; strain onto a half 
pint of flour, four tablespoons of melted butter, 
and a teaspoon of salt; beat four cggB with six 
heaping tablespoons of sugar; work together 
with some grated nutmeg; add Hour till still' 
enough to roll out; cut iu any shape to suit tho 
fancy, and fry in hot lard. 
Molasses Cake.—O ne and one-half cups of 
sirup; oue cup sour milk; one cup butter; ouc- 
hall'cup vinegar; one-half cup ginger; one tea¬ 
spoon soda, and a small lump of alum dissolved 
in hot water. Makes two cakes. 
Alice Cake. — Five cups of flour ; one of 
sugar ; one of butter ; one-half of molasses ; 
four eggs; one teaspoon of cloves or other 
spice; one teaspoon Hoda. 
Buckwheat Pancakes. — Put up a batter of 
the proper consistency with buckwheat (lour 
and warm water; stir in a teacup of lively 
yeast, and let it stimd over night in u warm 
place. H' you wish to have the cakes brown, 
put part skim milk instead of all water. If they 
appear sour, a half teaspoon of soda will make 
them all right. 
To make Yeast. —Take one large handful of 
hops; two potatoes sliced; boil iu two quarts 
of water; have it boiling when they are put iu ; 
strain it while boiling hot on flour enough to 
make a thick paste. Let it stand until luke¬ 
warm ; then stir in a teacup of good yeast, and 
keep it in a warm place until light, which will 
be in three or four hours.— Constant Reader. 
7; Creveling, 1 
tawba, 1. 
1 The following stood second on the list, in the 
Delaware, 7; Diana, 10; Creve- 
ordcr named 
ling, 3; Iona, 7; Isabella, (J; Adirondac, 1; Cou 
Hartford Prolifiic, 2. 
HENRY WARD BEECHER GARDENING 
cord, 1; Israella, 1 
On the opening of Thursday afternoon session 
Mr. Larrowk, Hammomlsport, called attention 
to the overbearing of grape vines. He said that 
twelve years’ experience in the vineyard had con¬ 
vinced him that when a vine overbore it was in- 
Its constitution 
The Lake Simme Wink Cwmpant.— The Frcdonia 
Censor devotes considerable space to a notice of this 
company, which is located at Broctou, Chautauqua 
county, with a capital of $100,000. Lust year addi¬ 
tional buildings and greatly enlarged cellarage wore 
supplied to meet the demands remitting from tho 
steadily Increasing enlargement of the viueyardu con¬ 
nected with the establishment. During the past sea- 
sou, however, tho vineyards, oWlng to premature 
frosts, were less productive than was anticipated and 
fewer grapes used In the manufacture of wine. About 
twelve thousand gallons were manufactured, or three 
thousand less than daring the preceding ono. 'bout 
one hundred and fifty acres of bearing vinos and five 
hundred planted to young vines constitute the vine¬ 
yards connected with the buildings and cellars pro- 
| viously alluded to. 
A recent number of the North Western Far¬ 
mer contained a letter from the Rev. Henry 
Ward Beecher In reference to his early con¬ 
nection with the Indiana Fanner and Gardener, 
published at Indinaopolis, three volumes of 
which were issued under his supervision. Re 
ferring to this period Mr. Beecher says:— 
“Almost all the old nurserymen and amateur 
horticulturists of that day have ripened and 
dropped.” He built a small house there and 
occupied it, which still remains. The grounds 
around it were tilled by his own hands, though 
he concedes the fact that his garden was not 
properly a model oue. Being rather enthusi¬ 
astic he always laid out more ground than he 
could properly cultivate, hence the weeds and 
grass sometimes got the advantage of him aud 
his crops. Oue day while working among his 
jured and sometimes killed 
was enfeebled; it would not stand a hard winter, 
or it would make a feeble growth and the fruit 
would be poor. The fourth year a vine should 
never bear more than live poo mis, and tho Cataw¬ 
ba should never bear more than ten pounds per 
vine. He endeavored to cut his vines back 
so that they will bear only five pounds each. 
In instances where they had overborne he 
had cot them down to the ground with the hope 
ot renovating them. Vines that overbear one year 
to show the bad effect of it tho next; 
Onions—Their Effioacy.— The onion Is reputed 
to be among the most healthful of the bulbous fam¬ 
ily, but, owing to its strong and pungent aroma, is 
less a favorite in “ refined eirr.les ” than It ought to 
tie. In our changeable climate, where colds and 
coughs in spring and autumn are the rale and exemp¬ 
tion from them (lie exception, a free use of the onion 
would prevent much sulfering. A portion of a ruw 
onion, eaten Just before retiring to rest, will general¬ 
ly give repose to such as aro Buffering with lungs 
overburdened with oppressive and irritating matter, 
The breath of the onion eater may not bo quite so 
fragrant as is desirable, but the nightly repose of 
such will be enough sweeter to balance tho account. 
are sure 
the wood does not mature and the vine is liable 
to winter kill, and next year it will not mature 
its fruit or wood. The amount of fruit may be 
in proportion to the vigor of the vine and 
strength of the soil; there is a difference, of 
course, between garden and vineyard culture. 
Crane, Lock port, said all varieties are not able 
to bear an equal amount of fruit. Some varie¬ 
ties will bear all the l'ruit that sets; tills was the 
case with the Delaware. He had not been able 
to overcrop that. One must be guided by judg¬ 
ment and experience; no rule could be given for 
all cases. Breitm, Waterloo, had two fine rows 
of Delawares which overbore in 1864. The next 
year it was “which and tother” whether they 
would live or die. Thought now, even, he 
might have to dig them up. Dake, Irondequoit, 
said that mildew and leaf-blight were liable to 
attack overcropped vines. Griffith, North 
East, Pa., gaid the man who publishes his great 
crop only publishes his own ignorance or folly. 
This evil exists among good cultivators us wcLl 
as among those who do not know better. Over¬ 
cropping renders the whole vine immature ; we 
want a moderate and firm growth. Barry had 
found a good deal of injury done to vineyards by 
overcropping; it was a very general failing. The 
Ohio cultivators acknowledge the fault. It was 
not merely the loss of one crap in the vineyard, 
but the result of immature wood, which destroys 
next year’s crop. The general desire among 
vineyardists to produce large crops per acre, 
should be modified. 
The question whether propagating grape vines 
from green wood could he recommended was 
next discussed. 
Larrowk said it was absurd to think of grow¬ 
ing good vinca from immature wood. Griffith 
said he believed that a sound, perfect vine 
could be produced from greeti wood; he had 
Been them during the past year. He did not 
convoy the idea that it should be the practice to 
propagate from green wood, but that good vines 
might be produced in that way. Crane said be 
had produced a few hundred Delawares, some 
were 
little better than dead, having barely life enough 
left to overcome feebly the injurious effects of 
the poisonous application. It may be claimed 
that I used it too freely; but I know of another 
orchard which was treated with a more sparing 
application about the same time, aud all of 
them were more or less injured, although only a 
few died. 
I am fully convinced that anything applied to 
trees which forms a coating aud fills up tho pores 
Is injurious. It is as sensible to suppose that a 
child would remain healthy with Its legs and 
body painted and varnished, as that a tree will 
thrive under such treatment. I am certaiu that 
tar applied in sufficient quantity to prevent sheep 
from gnawing the bark will result in serious 
injury to tho trees. 
It is said that “ experience is the beat of teach¬ 
ers ; ” I trust it proved so with me in this ease, 
but the tuition came very high, and I have no 
desire to see others learn the lesson at such a 
costly rate, M. O, R. 
Seunett, Cayuga Co., N. Y., 1867. 
Keeping Green Corn. — As many of your 
lady friends, as well as myself, have been some ¬ 
what puzzled to keep green corn, I will give 
them my friend’s recipe, which I can testify to 
being a good oue, from having eaten some of the 
corn iu January, us nice as fresh. It was cut off 
from the cob, as for cooking, and packed injurs, 
with a thin layer of salt alternately with corn, 
and on the top place a weight. It gradually 
makes a brine. Cover tightly from the air, aud 
Change the water two or three times when you 
cook it. 1 think sweet com far superior to com¬ 
mon field for tabic use. 
Will some oue Inform me through the Rural 
the nicest way to make a shell frame, and how 
to prepare the shells. I have looked over the 
last two volumes, and cannot find the Informa¬ 
tion I desire.—M. L. W., Union City, hid. 
THE WHITE FLY ON ROSE LEAVES, 
Eds. Rural : — In reply to tire inquiry of your 
correspondent us to a remedy for the ravages of 
this Insect, it may be as well to state that a 
decoction of quassia chips is said, ou high au¬ 
thority, to be the best application. Tobacco 
tea darkens the leaves, and lime aud sulphur 
also deface their appearance. The decoction 
should be applied to tho underside of the foliage 
more particularly. It Is a remedy valuable m 
case of attacks by tbe green slugs, the aphides, 
&c. In all cases where other applications fail, I 
am disposed to think that a saturated solution of 
the bi-chloride of mercury (corrosive sublimate) 
diluted somewhat with water, will be efficacious. 
Experiment with this poison so fatal to insect life, 
should be made on branches ready lor the pruning 
knife, to ascertain whether the strength of the 
preparation will injure tho vegetable texture. 
Nor should it boused ou currant and gooseberry 
bushes, when the fruit is upon them, lest serious 
results should follow, if the fruit U plucked by 
children and eaten before a very thorough wash¬ 
ing of the same. A strong decoction of ailan- 
thUB leaves and twigs is considered valuable for 
the purpose of driving bisects from roses and 
other shrubs. 
II a strong tobacco tea is used, the branches 
infested should be dipped iu it for one minute, 
aud then washed off in pure water. This remedy 
is sometimes employed by gordeuers. a. h. 
Plums on Cherry Stocks.— Tbe Maine Farmer 
notices the successful grafting of tho Washington 
Plum on wild cherry stocks, and supposes that other 
varieties will prove equally successful. A writer in 
the Philadelphia Kvening Post endorses this conclu¬ 
sion, rendered certain by many examples witnessed 
by him In West Virginia, and other localities further 
south. The principal advantage claimed by this sys¬ 
tem of crossing consists ia the fact that the “black 
knot" is wholly obviated by it, while securing a more 
certain ami munificent yield of fruit. 
Fruit Giiowino on Seneca Lake.— Increased at¬ 
tention ta being given to fruitgrowing, especially to 
the culture of the grape, on the borders of Seneca 
Lake in this State. Farms have changed bands at 
high prices, one sale at $300 per acre being recently 
made. This is an outside figure, but tbe soil ami cli¬ 
mate in the vicinity ot the range of small lakes in 
Western N. Y. warrant heavy Investments in capital 
for the purpose of fruit growing. 
Molasses Candy. — A subscriber wants to 
know how to make molasses candy and have it 
hard and not sticky. Who can tell him ? 
CIDER APPLES, 
Harrison, Campfield and Smith’s Cider are 
the most productive and profitable varieties for 
cider making purposes. We would not recom¬ 
mend any variety for its cider making qualities 
alone, but would give them mainly for the fruit, 
as any apple will make good cider vinegar, and 
that article at the present time is more needed, 
with a rapidly increasing demand, than almost 
anything else. Hence, Smith’s Cider is the only 
oue of the above to be recommended for exten¬ 
sive cultivation for cider, as it is a very profit¬ 
able market apple if not wanted for cider, and, in 
the opinion ot those who have made the test, 
inferler to no other apple for cider. 
This is an important feature connected with 
the apple crop that is not usually taken into ac¬ 
count, iu fact is almost entirely ignored, owing 
“ Economy is Wealth.”— Pyle's O. K. Soap , 
Pyle's Sab:rains, Pyle's Cream Tartar — Standard 
articles, designed for the intelligent and economical 
everywhere. For general usefulness and good 
weight, they have uo superior, and the proprie¬ 
tor, believing that consumers are the best judges, 
respectfully solicits a fair trial. All first-class 
grocers keep, these goods, and every package 
bears the name of James Pyle, Manuiacturer, 
350 Washington street, corner of Franklin street, 
New York. 
Onions— A Cloon Vii;m>,— According to a Cohassct 
correspondent of the Mass. Ploughman, Mr. IIarvey 
Clapp of that place raised, the past season, on 66 
rods or ground, four hundred and sixty-seven bushels 
of onions. This is at the rate of 778 bushels to the 
acre, which, even at tho low ruling of last autumn, 
would give about $330 to the aero. 
La Brule Anobvinui Pear.— A dish of this variety 
of pears was recently exhibited in Covent Garden 
London, which averaged the weight of three pounds 
each. Size and appearance are the best qualities of t his 
pear, however; on the table they please the eye but 
nut the palate. 
SquAsuES,—“A Farmer’s Wife,” residing in Illi¬ 
nois, has got the squash-fever and wants to know the 
name of the largest variety, as she is competing with 
others in the production of this article and wants to 
come out ahead. 
Is it Right to put up 14 to 15 ounces iu a 
paper and call it a pound of Saleratus ? D. B. 
Le Land & Co. think not, and therefore always 
put it up full weights. 
