■ggK Efilll' 
[SINGLE NO. TEN CENTS 
PROGRESS AND IMPROVEWENT 
TERMS, $3.00 PER YEAR.] 
FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATUHMY, MARCH. X, 1867 
ROCHESTER, N. Y 
pan. The walla then widen bo as to aUow one 
inch space between the tides of the pan and the 
arch. The pan ia supported at the corners and 
in the middle on each aide, the latter supports 
being raised one inch to allow for sagging. The 
top tier of brick draws In and closes upon tho 
pan. The arch should be liUed up to within 
four Inches of the pan; height above the bar, 
for wood to rent on, fifteen, inches. By this ar¬ 
rangement the hot air circulates all round the 
pan, keeping the whole of it boiling with the 
use of but little fuel.” 
[lcndinK OIT the Woodchucks. 
“ s. H. N.,” Erie Co., N. Y., writes us that 
hla method ia to flU their liolea with Canada 
thistles that have wilted half a day in the auu. 
“Of nine holts thus treated but one ‘chuck’ 
ever got out, or in that 1 could discover, and 
then some three feet from the old hole. 1 filled 
this hole agaiu, and that was the last of Mr. 
Woodchuck in my cornfield.” So Canada this¬ 
tles are good for something. 
ESTABLISHED IN 1850, 
broil in 1 
during ni 
fed. 
,[)ru ins, 
that they arc clear, 
as you can afford this spring. 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
AN OBTOIXAL WKEKLY 
AGRICULTURAL, literary and family newspaper. 
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOOUE, 
With an Able Corps of Assistants and Contributors, 
Look to the outlets of drains and sec. 
Make 03 many new' drains 
You can afford a 
good many if yon have wet land. See that the 
surface drains in the wheat fields are clear, and 
cutjduices to carrv awav funds of water which 
may collect thereon. There is one very import¬ 
ant drain on your farm and that is the one to the 
barn-yard; perhaps it is wasting a great deal of 
manure. 
The Wheat Field—U your wheat was drilled 
and no grass seed was sowu on it last fall, take a 
light harrow and pass over St in the direction of the 
drilled rows os soon as the ground is dry enough. 
Sow your grass and clover Becd before the har¬ 
row, and yon are sure of a “good catch.” The 
drag breaks rip the crust, thus admitting light 
and air to the roots of the plants, and also de- 
T iils course ia practiced 
HENRY S. RANDALL, LL. D., 
Editor of 'the Department of 8heep Husbandry. 
HON. T. O. PETERS, 
Pres’t N. V. State A«. 8oe'y. Southern Cor. Editor, 
GL.E7.EN F. WILCOX, Aanociat© Editor, 
TnM i* a f r , in t, view «.f the Yard Bate, partially opened. The hangings are on the lnsid«, ami work 
substantially us represented iu the Farm Gate. 
Wts have examined this gate—herewith Ulus- left open. Its simplicity of construction rcu- 
trated-and it appears to us to possess the fol- dors it cheap and easily made by any one who 
lowing advantages to commend it to the notice can handle a saw and hammer. The Inventor 
of owners of farms, village and city lots. It is estimates the cost of materials for a common 
a sliding gate and so attached to the posts as to farm gate, including the rollers, dee., at JO cents, 
avoid sagging them, consequently largo and It may be made of pickets or boards, and as c\- 
costly ones are not necessary. By using the pensive and ornamental as may be desired, iho 
principle of the inclined plane it ia raised from principle may also bo applied to most gates al- 
the ground as it opens, thus clearing .".11 obstruo ready in use at slight expense, which lact greatly 
Hons and it closes by its own jvpiglit when the widens the usefulness of this invention, 
force’that opened it Is removed. This is an ad- For furtheg Information see advertisement in 
vantage which will he appreciated by those who this paper, or address the inventor, Geo. G. 
have suffered loss from gateB being negligently Curtiss, Rochester, N. Y. 
stroys May weeds, 
with the best results by rnauy excellent, farmers. 
Repairs.— Fences may be extensively repaired 
this month. New ones can be made. Outbuild¬ 
ings and fences may be painted with cheap paints 
or washes. Repair all the tools, from the plow 
to the pitchfork; get plow-points, clevises, 
chains; overhaul aud oil the harness; sharpen 
the harrow teeth — in short, look ahead and get 
everything in readiness, as far as possible, to 
moot each season’s work. 
Cellar a. — We repeat our advice about collars, 
given the first of the year, to clean them thor¬ 
oughly and remove all unsound vegetables. Air 
them freely, and whitewash from top to bottom. 
Foul cellars are sources of serious disease. 
THE AG’L PRESS AT THE SOUTH 
It iB refreshing to find the Southern Agrieul 
tural Frees so astutely wise as to be unwearied 
In its endeavors to promote the industrial inter¬ 
ests of the South at this time, when the political 
press there lends itself to encourage the worst 
passions of the people by a daily tirade against 
Yankees in general ami the radical party at the 
North in particular, just as though a Yankee was 
not of their own flesh and blood, and that 
grumbling and vituperation would be as effec¬ 
tive in conquering the selfishness of the ruling 
party as to live down its hostility by that quiet 
industry and economy which alone can make tho 
South great and all-important to the North, and 
its own social prosperity truly respectable. 
Mr. Redmond of the Southern Cultivator at 
Athens, Gu., in an address before the Richmond 
Co. Ag. Society, says:—“1 fully believe if we 
would only totally Ignore that bitter enrse. of 
our people, party politics, aud the too general, 
aud (at the present time particularly) utterly 
profitless discussion of political questions,— if 
we would, instead, address ourselves earnestly 
and faithfully to the improvement of our lands 
and the development of our imrneu»e mineral 
resources, we should soon exhibit to the world 
a degree of success and material prosperity such 
as no nation has yet presented. But ‘ the gods 
help those who help themselves,’ and if we sit 
down with folded hands, mourning over our 
‘political Inequality,’ or go about discussing the 
fanatical Congress, gloomily anticipating the 
speedy spoliation of the little yet left to us, all 
the advantages we really possess will avail us 
nothing, and we shall rapidly sink to that help¬ 
less condition, wished for only by our worst 
enemies.” 
Again, he says: — “ If we would restore the 
scepter to our own once powerful, but tempo¬ 
rarily dethroned * King,’ before it is snatched 
away by other hands, we must he up and doing. 
Wc must, by improved culture, abundant pro¬ 
duction aud superior quality , endeavor to regain 
that position of supremacy in the commercial 
world which will enable us again to exact the 
tribute to our skill and Industry which other 
States and nations have been heretofore reluc¬ 
tantly compelled to pay.” 
Mr. It. strongly advocates the employment of 
their long-tried servants, the freodmen and Creed- 
1 women, making it to their interest to be faithful 
1 and industrious by generous priviligea and good 
wages. Thu Cultivator also endorses the foliow- 
* lug extract from another paper;—“ There is a 
Local Cum Aokntb. —Wo want a live, wide-awaKc 
agent for the Bubal In every town wliero there Is none. 
Header, If you r.annot net as bucH, please Induce your 
P. M. or Homo Influential friend to do ho. 
jy Kon Thumb and other particulars see last page. 
HINTS FOR THE MONTH, 
THE GRASS LANDS 
Ovek a large portion of the*terrltory in which 
the Rural circulates, farming operations for the 
coming season will he commenced with great 
activity during the present month. The notes 
of preparation for the farmer’s spring campaign 
arc already sounding, and it behooves every one 
belonging to the Grand Army to gird himself for 
the work and not fall u laggard in the rear. The 
winter’s rest has quickened his energy, recuper¬ 
ated his strength, and its leisure has enabled him 
to acquire knowledge and mature plans that will 
direct his toll to a larger aud surer success. He 
and if he 
most farmers, indeed, cannot afford to apply 
their barn yard manure to grass lands. The cul¬ 
tivated fields absorb all of this. Guano, if of 
the best quality, would greatly benefit meadows 
and pastures If applied early in the season; so 
will plaster, lime, ashes, and salt. Marl and 
muck, in many places, are useful. 
The application of liquid manure, we think, 
would be a paying operation. In many places 
it can. be cheaply made, and the product of 
meadows might be doubled by ito timely use. 
Irrigation should be resorted to In all places 
where possible. Water is the cheapest and most 
effective fertilizer ever used on grass lands. 
Scarifying the sod will sometimes greatly In¬ 
crease the yield. A sharp-toothed drag will do 
this if thoroughly used. Don’t neglect the grass 
lands; improve them by some means, lor grass 
is the moat profitable and important product of 
tbe American farmer. 
aed. A, A, B, B, two inclined planes on which the Gate is suspended and slides 
II, pullics on which gate slides. 1, double-acting latch. 
Farm Gate 
C, upper 
lion of it, and also the potash in the ashes, anil 
perhaps entirely. That is to say, had he put 
just enough ashes among his plaster to neutral¬ 
ize the acid in the plaster, it would be no more 
plaster or sulphate of lime, but ground lime¬ 
stone.” 
must begin his work with Faith 
continues it with Perseverance and Skill, abund¬ 
ant harvests we the promised compensation. 
Stock — Require increased and jealous care at 
this season. Straw aud corn stalks will not meet 
the requirements of store cattle or sheep, at this 
time of year. Their food should bo nutritious 
aud plentiful—especially so with those nearing 
the period of maternity. 
Milch Cows— Should have plenty of the best 
bay, and roots if possible. Corn and oats ground 
together are preferable to clear meal. It pays 
to feed well, as they uot only give more profit 
for it during the spring, but also much more du¬ 
ring the summer, for this generous spring feed. 
Cows should be carefully sheltered from storms 
and eold winds, and when the weather is severe 
tepid water should bo given them to drink. Ex¬ 
amine them, and all the stock, for lice, and if 
any are found, apply kerosene sparingly—too 
much will take off tho hair. 
Calves .— Raise nil the best blooded biefer 
calves; no stock will pay better. 
Teams ,— Exercise these daily, and increase 
their l'ccd of grain. Fine cut hay, mixed; with 
ground grain and wet, is greatly preferred by 
horses to dry hay and oats, and we think their 
taste iu this a safe and profitable guide to lollow. 
Horses should be well and regularly groomed; 
they need this care more while shedding their 
coats than at other times. Don’t let them stand 
iu the stable with their legs cased in dry mud. 
Breeding Sows .—Give each one a separate pen; 
give plenty,of flue bedding. A pole placed round 
the pen, tcifinches above the floor, will prevent 
the mother from crushing the pigE between her¬ 
self and the wall. There is little danger of her 
lying on them^ln other positions. If she inclines 
to devour het,offspring, a dose of hard cider, or 
anything that>ill partially intoxicate her, is said 
to be a sure remedy. Alter she has pigged keep 
her os quiet as possible for a week, and Iced very 
lightly. Overfeeding at this period has destroy¬ 
ed many a fine litter. 
Poultry —Arc decidedly musical this mouth, 
and generally “shell out” HberaUy. After eat¬ 
ing freely of their products the next best use 
you can put them to is to hatch out a few early 
broods of chickens. The cocks will be prime to 
Pipe Wells—Attain. 
J. D. F. Woolston thus answers, through the 
Rural Farmers’ Club, queries on the above sub¬ 
ject:—“In reply to Thomas Hazard, Monroo 
Co., N. Y., in reference to pipe wells, I will say: 
“ 1st. They will not work in quicksand unless 
you drive the pipe down below it; then 1 can 
see no reason why they will not. They will 
draw water with one air-chamber only feet, 
tho same as any other suction pump. I thiulc 
in his circumstances he might dig down to 
within 30 feet of the water and stone it up like a 
well, and then drive the pipe TO foot lower, and 
use two air-chambers—one within 00 feet of the 
water, the other one 30 loot above. The air- 
chamber is where the valve and bucket work. 
Where the well is deep I would not use more 
that IX inch pipe, and get a pump with a long 
lever. 
“ !M. 1 paid one dollar per foot for that size 
They cost from 
RURAL FARMERS’ CLUB 
J. C. MoV., Scottsvllle, N. Y., writes us on 
this subject as follows:—“Mr. N. N. Martin, 
in your issue of Jan. 5th, 1867, tells us what 
crops and how much he raised from a seven- 
acre lot, iu about the same number of years. 
Now, how does Mr. M. know’ whether it was 
plaster and ashes that made bin seven-acre lot 
produce the amount of clover seed, oats, wheat, 
&c. V Have we any evidence that it produced 
any better than it would had he not used cither ¥ 
If he had sown one-fourth of his lot to ashes 
and plaster, one-fourth to plaster alone, one- 
fourth to ashes ulonc, and the other one-fourth 
without any fertilizer, he would know, and 
would be able to tell the readers of the Rural 
something of value; but as it is it amounts to 
nothiug. I claim that no person is able to 
answer any such question without an actual 
experiment, as I have described. 
“ I have no doubt that Mr. M. alludes to an 
article written by me In June last. I would say 
to Mr. M. that chemistry is a science, like that 
of figures, which will tell no lies; and just as sure 
as six and lour are ten, just so sure the alkali will 
neutralize the acid, aud by tbe union or combi¬ 
nation a neutral salt will be formed (sulphate of 
potassa,) differing entirely from the add and tbe 
alkali, and which bus never been used as a fer¬ 
tilizer to any extent, to my knowledge. I know 
that Mr. M., in mixing bis plaster and ashes, did 
actually destroy the plaster, or a large propor- 
pipe, and paid for pump extra, 
$5 to ?10. 
“ 3d. I know of no manufactory where pipe 
wells are made. As I before stated, you hike 
iron pipe, put in a pointed Iron plug, and drill 
the lower end fuU of small holes to let in the 
water, (and tills can be done at any machine 
shop,) drive down pipe, screw on ft east-iron 
pump, and you have a well. 
“ 1 have learned quite recently that iu some 
localities where they find water near the surlace 
which is poor, they drive the pipe down into the 
water ft hundred feet or more until they find good 
water.” _ 
Hops—Horizontal vs. Pole Training. 
A correspondent writes us that the hori¬ 
zontal method of training hops with short 
stakes and strings is by far the cheapest of any 
now in use. lie has ten acres trained in this 
manner, the poles being ten feet long. The 
disadvantages are that “I have to ride on horse¬ 
back to train the vines which makes the work 
hard and tedious, and the work must be repeats 
ed every two or three days while the vines are 
To remove warts from cattle, anoint t hem once 
in three or four days with a mixture of equal 
parts of blue vitrol, lard and honey. 
p 
1 
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- *TWm -X. 
