r^ssfi 
SiWOK 
r v>. 
■i «r 
®Iie fleHatoei!. 
rr ,«• American Cosfi.ict. a History of the Great 
^Miinn iu the United States of America. lSfiO-’PA. 
n« < ans* - Incidents and Results: Intended toEx- 
' Esnecially its Moral and Political Phases, with 
he DHt 1 and Pnwrtmn of American Opinion Ro- 
Human Slavery from 177.1 to the Close of 
JPJvF-f f or tin Union. By Horace Gueelkt. 11- 
rated t>v Portraits on Steel of Generals. States¬ 
men and Other Eminent Men; Views of Places of 
Historic Interest: Mans. Diagrams of Battle-Fields, 
vlval Actions. Etc.: From Official Sources. Vol¬ 
ume n. [8vo, pp. 7S2.j Hartfoni: O. D. Case & 
Company. 
Thk idea that to write a good history the historian 
must he far removed in time from the era of hie 
theme. )ik p most abstract propositions which have 
resulted from the transformation of a metaphor iDto 
an argument, is not wholly tme. For some purposes, 
perhaps for general historical purposes, it is better 
that the historian bo entirely clear of all immediate 
inflnoncies flowing from the events hedesylbes; just 
* the general, out of range of the conflict, must un¬ 
derstand the ordering of the battle better than the 
private in the heat and smoke. But for tho feelings 
produced, the excitement, the incidents that inspire 
conra .e or induce panics, the knowledge of the sol¬ 
der j g infinitely superior to that, of his commander. 
So of slavery in America and the terrible war in 
which its barbarism culminated, and by which it de¬ 
stroyed itself. It did not rest upon any real basis of 
self-interest, and the war which it insisted upon was 
not only without any excuse or provocation, but was 
a rebellion against a Government so constructed that 
never by any possibility can it give cause for insur¬ 
rection. It found its origin and support only in the 
meanest and lowest passions of the human heart. 
Moreover, it was barbarism wielding the power or 
civilization. And the ordinary historian, a century 
hence, who proceeds regularly upon the question of 
motive, will be totally at fault. For such an anoma¬ 
lous theme the writer must have come into actual 
contact with the popular feeling, and witnessed the 
driftings of popular opinion that marked its progress. 
These conditions could hardly have lumen more per¬ 
fectly fulfilled than in Horace Gbhki.EY, the veteran 
journalist and life-long foe of slavery; and his great 
work, just completed, will probably he, bo far as its 
specific object is concerned, a standard authority 
never to be displaced. 
-- 
New America. By William Hefwouth Dixon, 
Editor of the “ Atnenamum,” and Author of “ The 
Holy Land,” ' William Penn," Etc. [12mo.—pp. 
495 ] Philadelphia—J. B. Lippincott & Co. 
Tins work, by a literary Englishman of ability and 
repntation, is the result of a visit last summer to our 
country. Mr. Dixon says — “I went out in search of 
an old world, and found a new one. East, west, 
north and south, I met with new Ideas, new purposes, 
new methods; in short, with a New America." He 
avers that “the men who planted these Free States— 
doing the noblest work that England has achieved in 
history—were sparred iuLo their course by two great 
passions: a great love or Liberty; a deep sense of 
Kelislon." and says ho has pictured what he saw of 
the changes now being wrought In the actual life of 
man and woman on the American soil, nnder the 
power of these master passions We linvc read the 
volume with profound interest, The author's dis¬ 
cussions of many topics, from his English point of 
view, are entertaining and ttpicy and fresh. He vis¬ 
ited many peculiar religious socities — such os the 
(uetlda OomnraniiiU, Slmk.trs, Mormons, etc.,'—and 
gives accounts of their creeds and customs which 
may be read with interest and profit by the great mass 
of intelligent Americans; for our author saw and ex¬ 
amined into many things of which wo, as a people, 
take little heed at present, though some of them (like 
the excrescence of Mormon ism,) must ere long in¬ 
volve questions of vital internet. The book is fair to 
the people and Country, and the investigations of the 
peculiar religlouB scots will prove both interesting 
and instructive, though few may admit the conclu¬ 
sions of the anthor iu regard to the importance of the 
symptoms of these skin diseases of America. The 
volume is Issued in excellent style, on tinted paper 
and contains several illustrations. 
Kaloolah: or the Adventures of Jonathan Romer 
of Nantucket. By W. 8. Mato, M. D. [12mo. pp. 
514.] New York: G. P. Putnam A Son. 
This is a new edition of a book which was pub¬ 
lished seventeen or eighteen years ago and ran through 
several editions. It is oue of that class of etories 
which are generally disparagingly denominated imi¬ 
tations of ” Robinson Crusoe," though many of them 
far surpuss in interest If not In verisimilitude Dk- 
Foe’s celebrated narrative. It purports to be the life 
of a boy too smart for his teachers, who was more 
fond of roughing it than of the tameness of ln-door 
life, and who, after some lively adventures among the 
hills and streams of Northern New York, run away to 
sea; and there the Btory proper begins. Kaloolah, 
the heroine, was an Interesting young lady, nearly 
white, daughter of the king of a fabulous country In 
Central Africa, whom Jonathan found among a lot of 
Haves offered for sale on the coast, and whom of 
coarse he rescued and Anally married. The recital of 
adventures is interesting; and if the author has failed 
of making his heroine anything more than an ordi¬ 
nary Yankee girl in wild African costume, he has 
done no worse than many more pretentious novelists. 
For sale by Dhwbi. 
->-» ♦ 
Tales of a Traveller, By Washington Irving. 
[lGino. pp. 258,] Illustrated. New York: G. P. 
Putnam & Son. 
This edition of Iimso's “Traveler” is one of a 
series of popular books, in cheap form, for railway or 
fireside reading which the Putnams propose to issue, 
under the title of “ I tailway Classics!" Nothing need | 
be said here on the quality of Washington Irving’s 
writings ; for the verdict concerning them, both of the 
people and of the critics, has long since been settled. 
If a publisher is ever entitled to the thanks of the 
friends of literature, it is when ho Issues a cheap but 
decent edition of a standard author. There are thou¬ 
sands of people who must read something, but can¬ 
not afford to buy costly books. If not furnished with 
books that are books at prices within their means, 
they will bay “ books that are no books,” because 
they are cheup. A celebrated English poet could not 
have done anything to lower himself more in the es¬ 
timation of every one of hia readers than when, a 
short time since, he refused to have a cheap edition 
of his workB issued for the poorer classes. That was 
the very snobbery of literature. For sale by Dewey. 
WILLIS AND ** IDLKWILD.” 
NATHANIEL PARKER WILLIS. 
BENEDICT ARNOLD-A RELIC. 
The New Ilavcn Palladium says:—We have 
the identical sign that used to hang out over the 
store of Benedict Arnold when he traded in 
Water street in this city, and we present below 
a copy of it as near ns a sign can be copied on 
paper. It is about three and n-half foot long 
and two and u-half broad. The sign is black, 
and tho letters look at tlmt glance as if put on 
with yellow paint; but enclose inspection, they 
are discovered to be gilt. 
The sign was found some time since in the 
garret of the house In which Arnold lived (oj>- 
posite hia store,) and Is now the property, we 
learn, of Jacob T. Hotchkiss, who has permitted 
it to be deposited iu the Museum. Wo have 
followed the style, proportions and pointing of 
the letters on the sign very nearly. There waa 
one peculiarity, however, that wo could not well 
imitate, viz., the dots of the i’s In the motto, 
which on the sign aro inverted commas instead 
of mere dots. It will be seen that there is no 
point between the name and the occupation. 
Both sides of tho sign are almost precisely 
alike. The motto, “ Sibi Totique,” is trans¬ 
lated thus—“For himself—for the whole,” or 
“ for all." The iirst sentence is most decidedly 
appropriate to the man, who was “ for himself” 
in all things. 
B. Arnold Druggist, 
Book-Seller. Ac— 
FROM LONDON , 
Sibi Totique. 
When Arnold was in London, we are at this 
moment unable to tell. He was engaged when 
lUa&ittg loo % ffoiutg. 
MASSACHUSETTS. 
In 1630, however, the Pilgrim Fathers, 103 in 
number, came over intending to settle on the 
banks of the Hudson, but were driven further 
north, and landed at Plymouth. Every one 
knows their story. The colony was almost a 
pure democracy until 1039, when they estab¬ 
lished a representative body. Salem waa the 
first permanent town that was bnilt. James II., 
In the Rural of February 2d wo gave a sketch I accurate portrait of Mr. Willis, and a view of hor( . t u the trade of horses and mules toitlio following out the design of his predecessor, re 
. . « t % _ I I. rt . « • . • V 1 1 i I .. I i t,. ... n • i 4 /% . . . . ■ ■ i I i V .11 i\ « 4 
of the life and character of the late N. P. Willis, 
whose death was then the most recent event of 
the literary world. His remains were taken to 
the family burying ground, at Mount Auburn, 
near Boston, for interment, and were borne to 
“ IdlewiUl,” his residence near Newburg, on the vVcst Indies, and it is probable that his visit to 
Hudson. The manner In which It. received Us L on( j on wa8 while lie was iu business, though 
name is thus related: Mr. Willis was negotia- that is mere conjecture. He was born iu Nor- 
ting for its purchase, wlieu the proprietor 6ftid ^idi, in this State, iu January, 1 <50, and was 
disparagingly, “ It is nothing but an idle wild; ” 
the grave by the most celebrated literary men of and he at once adopted the last two words for Its 
the country, with a large concourse of friends title, the fame of which has since become co- 
and citizens. In this number we present an extensive with his own. 
“ IDLEWILP, 
aciotts 
ABTEMUS WAED. 
THE HOME OF WILLIS. 
of a few lives, at least drives the blueness out of 
many. To keep mankind good-natured Is no 
mean task; and to wit devoid of malice we owe 
a tribute not inferior to that unhesitatingly ren¬ 
dered to poetry and philosophy. 
Just as the Rural was sent to press last week 
came the brief announcement of the death of 
Cuab. F. Browne, “Artemus Ward," at South¬ 
ampton, England. He died on the 6th and was 
buried In Kensul Green Cemetery on the 9th. 
He was bom in Waterford, Maine, where hia 
mother still resides, and was connected with the 
press at a very early age. He is said to have 
been at one time the most rapid compositor in the 
country. His first literary productions appeared 
in the Carpet-Bag, a comic weekly published in 
Boston, on which he was employed as a prac tical 
printer. But it was while local editor of the 
Cleveland ITaindealcr that he first came into 
general notice as a humorist, from ids letters 
published over the signature of Artemus Ward, 
the traveling showman. These were at once 
seized upon and widely copied, their success bc- 
ingasoureeof great astonishment to theirauthor. 
He followed up the happy vein he had struck, 
worked it carefully, and ultimately made it a 
source of great pecuniary profit as well as liter¬ 
ary reputation. 
In 1863 he visited Utah, and the next year he 
appeared in the principal cities of the Union 
with a series of paintings illustrative of Mormon 
life, probably the best executed pictures ever ex¬ 
hibited as a “panorama,” and an inimitable lec¬ 
ture descriptive of life at Salt Lake, as seen 
through the eyes of a complete humorist aud 
constant punster. He was a good deal of an 
actor; and the three attractions combined made 
his show more popular than the imaginary “wax 
Aggers” of the fictitious Artemus. About six 
months since he went to England, where he was 
met with a most battering reception, leased 
Egyptian Hall, in London, aud repeated his ex¬ 
hibition and lecture until failing health com¬ 
pelled him to desist. He was thirty-three years 
of age at the time of his death, and unmarried. 
Those who knew him personally speak of him 
as a genial and companionable man, mild tem¬ 
pered and of a generous disposition. 
The first announcement of the death of one 
whose life has been devoted to anything classed 
under the head of nonsense always creates a most 
unpleasant sensation. The ruind pictures at 
WM. PENN 1 8 DEED FROM THE INDIANS. 
apprenticed to an apothecary in that city, and a 
very troublesome apprentice be was too. 
A BISHOP’S ANATHEMA OF THE FENIANS. 
The Roman Catholic Bishop of KiLlarney 
delivered himself in severe terms against the 
Fenians, after the late disurbancc in his district. 
Among other hard things, he said: “If we 
must condemn the foolish youths who have 
joined in this conspiracy, how much must wo 
not execrate tho conduct of those designing vil¬ 
lains who have been entrapping innocent youth, 
and organizing tills work of crime? Thank God 
they are not our people; or, if they were, they 
have lost the Irish character iu the. cltleB of | 
America. But beyond them there aro criminals 
of a far deeper guilt—tho men who, while they 
send their dupes into danger, arc fattening on 
the spoils iu Paris and New York—tho execrable 
swindlers, who cure not to endanger the necks 
of the men who trust them, who care not how 
many are murdered by the rebel or hanged^by 
the strong arm ol the law, provided they can 
get a supply of dollars either for their pleasures 
or for their wants. Oh t God’s heaviest curse— 
HU withering, blasting, blighting curse—Is on 
them. I preached to you last Sunday on the 
eternity of boll’s torments. Human reason was 
inclined to say, ‘ It la » hard word, and who can 
bear it?’ But when wo look down into the 
fathomless depth of this infamy of the heads of 
this Fenian conspiracy, we must acknowledge 
that eternity is not long enough nor hell hot 
enough to punish such miscreants.” 
voked their charter, and united all tho colonies 
of New England in one, under a government of 
his own appointing. But at the end of his 
reign their former government, with some modi¬ 
fications, was restored. Massachusetts was one 
of the original thirteen States, and on her soli 
the first blood of the Revolution was shed, and 
the first substantial victory gained ; for though 
Bunker Hill, in a military seusc, was a defeat, it 
had all the moral force of a victory. Maine waa 
a part of tile State until 1830, when it was 
divided from it and admitted into the Union. 
Massachusetts has an area of 7,800 square miles. 
Much of the surface is hilly, though the highest 
peak. Saddle Mountain, is only 3,600 feet above 
the level of the sea. She is not rich in minerals, 
but iron, plumbago (black lead) and lead are 
found in sullicicnt quantities to pay for mining. 
There arc valuable granite quarries in Berkshire. 
There are three celebrated colleges In tlm State, 
Harvard, Williams and Amherst, and a theologi- 
eal seminary at Andover. Tho present population 
is 1,331,000. The “Hay State” is her poetical 
name ; aud the motto on her scat signifies “By 
the sword she seeks peaceful repose under lib¬ 
erty.” 
This Indenture witnesseth, that we, Packe- 
nah, Jaracoam, Sikals, Partequesott, Jevis, Es- 
sepenoek, Fclkroy, Uekeliapao, Econus, Mach- 
lona, Metchcougha, Wlsa Powey, Indian Kings, 
Saehemakers, right owuers of alt lands from , 
Quing tjuingas, called Chester Creek, all along 
by the west of Delaware river, and bo between 
the said creeks backwards as tar as a man can 
ride In two days with a horse, for and in con¬ 
sideration of these following goods, to us in 
hand paid by William Penn, proprietary and 
governor of the province of Pennslvania and 
territories thereof, viz: 20 guns, SO fathoms 
mathcoat, 20 fathoms strand water, 20 blankets, 
20 kettles, 20 pounds powder, 100 bars leads, 40 
tomahawks, 100 knives, 40 pairs of stockings, 1 
barrel of beer, 20 barrels of red lead, 100 fathoms 
of wampum, 80 glass bottles, 80 pewter spoons, 
100 awl blades, 300 tobacco pipes, 100 hanks of 
tobacco, 20 tobacco tongs, 20 steels, 200 Hints, 
30 pairs of scissors, 80 combs, 60 looking-glasses, 
200 needles, one skipple of Halt, 30 pounds of 
sugar, 5 gallons of molasses, 20 tobacco boxes, 
100 jeweliarps, 20 hoes, 30 gimblets, 30 wooden 
screw boxes, 100 strings of beads, do hereby 
acknowledge, Ac. Giveu under our hands, Ac., 
at Newcastle, second day of the eighth month, 
1689. 
The above is a true copy, taken from the ori¬ 
ginal by Ephraim Morton, now living in Wash¬ 
ington, Penn., formerly a clerk in the land 
office, which copy he gave to Wm. Stratton, and 
from which tho above was taken in Little York, 
this 7th day of December, 1818. 
Give the Printers Fajb Play. —We have a 
piece of advice which we wish to impress firmly 
and indelibly upon the public mind, and that is 
to give the printers fair play. Do not forget 
that it costs something to pulf as well as to ad¬ 
vertise, and never sponge upon a printer iu any 
way whatever. It is printer’s ink that makes 
nine-tcuths of our fortunes; it takes money to 
buy Ink, type and paper, and yet, after all this, 
few are the thanks the printer gets. Give the 
A SPECIMEN OF OLD 8C0TLAND. 1 
_ i 
The Inverness Courier records the death of an t 
eccentric individual named Hugh Miller, at the h 
advanced age of 83. All Hugh’s acts bore the f 
6tamp of eccentricity. He still adhered to the t 
ancient style of tying the hair in a cue, and wore i 
the broad blue bonnet in vogue nearly a century i 
ago. His farm houses weru of the most priuii- < 
tive construction, quite iu keeping with the huts 
of Barra or List, but certainly rare to be seen at 
the present day in any part of the mainland of 
Scotland. Tho door of Hugh’s house had to do 
service for both bipeds and quadrupeds, the 
owner and his cattle occupying respectively tho 
opposite cuds of tho same domicil, while tho 
poultry were allowed to roost or lie in either 
ond as their instincts dictated. To modern 
modes of agriculture Hugh was a perfect stran¬ 
ger, adhering rigidly to the good old system of 
tillage which obtaiued in this countryaomeslxty 
years ago. He plowed .-hallow, sowed his grain 
at least seven weeks or more later than the or¬ 
dinary time for doing so, and, as might be ex¬ 
pected, reaped a deficient crop at a correspond¬ 
ing late season iu the autumn, Hugh’s motto 
being that “ the worst farmer had his chance of 
getting a good year as well as the best.” 
THE NATION’8 CURSE. 
The revenue commissioners estimate that there 
are annually consumed In this country 43,000,000 
gallons of distilled spirits, 186,000,000 gallons of 1 
fermented liquors, and 10 , 000 , 1)00 gallons of im¬ 
ported liquors, the estimated cost of which is 
$500,000,000, on which the Government derives 
an income of $47,737,270. This of course docs 
not include the liquor smuggled into the coun¬ 
try, nor the immense amount secretly and illic¬ 
itly manufactured, which would vastly increase 
this estimate; nor does it include the enormous 
loss annually sustained by labor and capital, the 
direct result of drirddng habits, nor the suffering 
aud vice directly caused by strong drink. These 
RHODE ISLAND. 
Rhode Island is tho smallest State in the Union, 
in geographical extent, though not in popula¬ 
tion. Roger Williams, who was expelled from 
Massachusetts for his religious opinions, was its 
first white settler. In his wanderings he slaked 
his thirst at a spring, suid in acknowlcdgmeut of 
“God’s merciful providence to him lu hi3 dis¬ 
tress," called tho place “Providence,” a name 
still borne by the city afterwards erected on the 
spot. He purchased the land of the Narragan- 
sett Indians iu 1686, and welcomed everybody, 
no matter what his religion, to settle within 
ita limits. The colony was chartered in 1663. 
Of the original thirteen States, Rhode Island 
was the last to ratify the Federal Constitution, 
whiehshe did in May, 1790. The charter granted 
by Charles II. was the only constitution of the 
State until 1844. The interests arc largely mun- 
1 ufaefnring; tin) surface is very hilly, but there 
are no mountains; and the area measures 1,860 
square miles. Brown University is situated at 
Providence. The present population is 174,600 
Very sensibly the coat-of-arms lias an English 
motto; and on the left you bcc a representation 
of the famous “RoundTower" of Newport. 
Tue Story of a Stomach: an Egotism. By a Re- 
fornn.d Dyspeptic, [pp. 00.] New York: Fowler 
& WeUa, 
The writer of this pamphlet has committed the 
common fault of “saying too much before he be¬ 
gins but perhaps it would be too much to expect a 
reformed dyspeptic to digest his subject matter thor¬ 
oughly. However, if all ho says is true—as we know 
part of it to be—his hints will be valuable to those 
who suffer the torturee of dyspepsia, 
CONNECTICUT. 
Connecticut waa originally two colonies — 
Hartford, settled In 1635 by emigrants from 
Massachusetts, and New Haven, settled in 1638 
by emigrants from England. They were united 
under one charter in 1663. It was this charter 
which was secreted in the “Charter oak,” at 
Hartford, In 1686, when Governor Andros, by 
authority of King James, demanded its sur¬ 
render. The government of the State was ad¬ 
ministered under it until 1818, when its present 
constitution was formed. Connecticut has three 
colleges—Yale, the most richly endowed in the 
country, founded in 1701, Trinity College, at 
Hartford, and Wesleyan University at Middle- 
town, and a theological school at. Hartford. The 
State contains 4,674 square miles, with a very 
hillv surface and a rocky soil. Tho farms are 
By a Re- onco the contrast between the mirthful moods of jmuter fair play, and give up all expectations of should be presented to malic a correct balance hilly surface and a rocky soil. Tho farms arc 
■k: Fowler the jester and the pangs of dissolution, and by a gratuitous puffing, Ac. Daniel Webster was B heet. Wlth^maS? pooffcSSk 
ti.n fallacious argument takes it for granted that “ migbty near right” when he remarked of the Minerals are abundant: and there arc extensive 
fallacious argument takes it for granted that 
great talents have been wasted. The after¬ 
thought, however, dispels, or should dispel, this 
illusion. The ordinary philanthropist and the 
labor-lightening inventor arc not more truly 
pnblic benefactors than the genuine humorist, 
1 who, if he docs not relieve the physical suffering 
“ mighty near right” when tic remarked of the 
press, “ Small is the sum required to patronize 
a newspaper, amply rewarded is its patron. I 
care not how humble and unpretending the 
gazette which he takes, it is next' to impossible 
to till it without putting into it something that 
is worth the subscription price.” 
Curiosity in Watches. —An Englishman has 
patented a watch without hands that shows on 
its face no figures but those which tell the hour 
and minute looked for. The figures are display¬ 
ed as they are wanted, and no others appear on 
tho watch face. 
Minerals are abundant; and there arc extensive 
quarries of fine marble and lrec-stonc. The 
present population numbers 460,000. Connecti¬ 
cut is sometimes called the “Nutmeg State,” a 
sarcastic allusion to the ingenuity of its inhabi¬ 
tants, who were said to make and peddle woodeu 
nutmegs. The motto on the eoat-of-arras signi¬ 
fies— “ He who brought us over sustains us. 
f »• 
