'IS 
3. From the cool gross glitter Di'iglil Myriad drops ol diamoiul dew 
M O RN I jST Gt IN SPRING. 
Music by C). A. Auciier. 
educating young ladies. 
FIRST ARTICLE. 
Ant education which proceeds upon the idea 
of mere adaptation to a particular sphere 01 - 
work must necessarily be defective. In theory 
it degrades a human being into a mere machine, 
it subordinates the niau to his work; and though 
it is impossible That such a result should be 
reached practically, yet the system has its effect 
in stunting the growth of the individual. It 
may safeiy be assumed, as a general rule, that 
the more knowledge one has acquired, from 
whatever source, the more mental discipline he 
has received, of whatever kind, the better he is 
fitted for the duties of any position in which he 
may be placed. Only a slave, a subjugated man, 
is the better slave for being ignorant. 
If, then, it is unwise to narrow down a rnau’s 
education approximately to the routine of the 
business by which he is to earn his bread, when 
he can choose his own calling and follow it at 
will, how much more unwise is it to narrow down 
the education of a young lady, when it is uncer¬ 
tain to what position in life she may be called. - 
The latest cant on thus subject is that as most 
women are destined for marriage they should be 
educated for wives and mothers; which is little 
more than a truism. The social status of the z 
wife must follow that of the husband; and the 
duties of wives ami mothers are as widely varied 
as the positions of men. Moreover, the bride of 
a millionaire may become the widow of a bank¬ 
rupt. And a mother might be able to Instruct , a 
daughters in all sorts of needle-work and house- I ^ 
hold economy, and be compelled to send sons to e 
school to learn their letters. c 
In onr eventful American life each generation . 
begins a new account with Fortune; aud it is ( 
unsafe to educate a child for any special position 
until his powers are so far developed as to show j 
a decided bent in some one direction. The best ^ 
and safest foundation for success in life is broad f 
and liberal culture, asymmetrical expansion of 4 
all the capacities of the mind. With this to ; 
start on, one may the more easily turn to any ( 
work and be the better prepared to execute it. ^ 
Another kind of cant is that which harps for- ; 
evei upon the necessity of a knowledge of kitch- j 
en work, and stops there. Cooking and dish- . 
washing are like writing a plain hand; there is < 
no particular credit in understanding them, but , 
it is a great shame not to. And the duties of j 
the kitchen are no moro the end of a woman’s 
existence than the mere counting of dollars and 
cents accurately Is of a man’s. It a man bo far 
loses sight of the ultimate object of his labor as 
to take delight in the mere processes of- his 
business and in easting up columns of figures, 
we say he lias degraded the highest part of his 
nature, stunted his manly growth and become of 
no more account than the tools with which he 
works. But the same thing is true of a woman 
chained down tpbotue-work and taught to keep 
her thoughts from rifting above it. The cooking 
ol dinners and scouring of pots and kettles must 
necessarily be done, ami the work properly falls 
to woman. But it is mere drudgery, after all, 
and the sooner she can get through with it and 
be released, the better. There are Rchools for 
young ladies in which, with the idea of educat¬ 
ing them practically, the pupils are required to 
take turns doing different parts of the house¬ 
work. For instance, one will have the care of 
all the lamps for a month, and spend perhaps an 
hour a day trimming and filling them. Now, 
any one can learn in fifteen minutes to fill and 
trim a lamp as well as it can he done; and 
beyond that all the time spent at it, by these 
young ladies was wasted; the work might better 
have been done by a servant, leaving the pupil 
to pursue her studies or practice something at 
which she was not perfect. When one has 
learned to perform any task as well as he is ca¬ 
pable of doing it, further repetition is mere 
drudge-work, and contributes nothing to the 
growth of the individual. The art of house¬ 
keeping, then, though indispensable to the 
proper education of a young lady, is not the 
whole, nor, indeed, any considerable part of it. 
■ ■ - - 
Government. —Good government in school is 
universally recognized as a deslaable thing, but 
most teachers look upon it as a means, rather 
than as, in itself, an invaluable end. “There must 
be good order,” they say, “so that the proper 
work of the school may go on without inter¬ 
ruption; hut our chief concern is the instruc¬ 
tion of our pupils.” There can surely be no 
fact more clear to an observing mind, than that 
good government is, in itself, a thing of supreme 
importance, involving, as it does, the right use 
of all acquired power, and consequently deter¬ 
mining the happiness of the individual and his 
value to society. The Ktandard of order in our 
schools is low, a result both of an underestimate 
of its importance, aui of the proper means to be 
employed in securing it.— Michigan Teacher. 
Geography.— A gentleman once called at a 
Echaol where an enterprising teacher was ex¬ 
plaining the form and motions of the earth by 
the aid of an original tellurian. The sun was 
represented by a turnip and the earth by a po¬ 
tato. After the class had received their lecture, 
and answered in concert, a series oi geographi¬ 
cal and astronomical questions, the teacher 
turned to the visitor with a proud self-satisfied 
air, as much as to say, “ You see they know' ail 
about it,” and asked him to question the class. 
Being requested, he asked the class, “ What is 
the sun made of ?” “ A turnip!” was the reply. 
The longest word in Elliott’s Indian Bible is 
in Mark i: 10, and is “ Wutteppesittukqussun- 
nooowohtunkquah,” which signifies “kneeling 
down to him.” 
- - '- - - --|-j- W W w - i -p- -- ^ - 
rfft + \ 
1 From the valleys to llie hills, See Uie morning tnisU u_\so ; Ami the enr - ly dew distils Balmy incense to die skies. Tra In la la la 
-0- * Beams the newborn bliss of spring. Tra 
2. Purple cioims with vapory grace, Round the sim their soft veil fling; Now they fade, and from his lace 
C . _ w,——. * m __ — 
Beur,nig ’iieallr tlicir pressure light, 
Waves the green com springing new 
1 Tra In lu la la la 
Uewv may flowers to the sun One llieir buds of varied line : FiairraiU shades—his beams to shun—Hide the violet s hraveitlv liiun 
Canons topics. 
Written for Moore’s Rural New-Yorker. 
0UHI0SIT Y. 
How curious and inquisitive ni03t of people 
are. You can hardly take a trip ou the cats, 
without going through more or less of a cross 
examination, “Traveling far mister ?’ f “Going 
out West, I suppose?” “Let’s see, do you live 
in York State?” “Seems to me I have saw you 
before.” “Didn’t you used to live downcast 
somewhere?” “Got your family along?” “ Moh- 
bc your’o on a visit,” &c., Ac,, till a mnu almost 
wishes it, were against the law to speak on tv 
railway train. Why can’t people let a fellow 
“ go In peace" and not keep bothering him with 
a whole catalogue of useless aud impertinent 
questions? If “some folks” only knew that 
people who ask the most questions generally 
know the least, I am sure they would bo more 
Inclined to attend more particularly to their own 
affairs. It is all well enough to bo inquisitive 
so far as the proper investigations of art, science, 
mechanics, Ac., are concerned; but the trouble 
is, there are people who are unable to discrim¬ 
inate between sensible Inquisitiveness and idle 
curiosity. Now, readers, one aud all, the next 
time you travel abroad, please don’t worry every 
verdaut country youth whom you happen to 
meet with a host of solicitous queries, as to 
“ how his health is,” and “ if the baby is aiek,” 
and whether he is “traveling far.” Why, in 
the name of common sense, what difference 
docs it make to yon whether he is traveling east 
or west, or whether his grandmother has black 
hair or brown hair? And, above All, don’t ask 
your female companion du voyage “ how old she 
U;” for that is the “ nnkindest cut of all.” 
March, 1867. Jule. 
MENAGERIE 
DRUNKARDS. 
TYPOGRAPHICAL HORRORS. 
A New York letter-writer says:—One day 
last year Mr. Greeley wrote an editorial entitled 
“ William II. Seward.” Imagine his rage when 
it come to him iu proof headed “ Richard the 
Third!” Yet anybody familiar with his cbirog- 
raphy, if his inky Jerks can be so designated, 
will readily see not only how such a mistake 
could be made, but how it probably would be. 
Again he wrote about “three men in buckram," 
and the prosaic type-setter got it “ three men in 
the back room." And this, notwithstanding the 
fact that two compositors of sagacity and experi¬ 
ence are hired at an extra salary, because they 
can read his copy. George Ripley has been the I 
victim of the grossest outrages in this line. In 
one of his book uotlce-a be took the liberty of 
quoting from Shakspcarc“ ’Tis true, ’tis pity; 
aud pity ’tis, ’tis true.” And the wretched bun¬ 
glers got it:—“’Tis two, ’tis fifty—’tis fifty—’tis 
fifty-two!” This is some worse than James F. 
Babcock’s martyrdom, when he wrote, “ la there 
no balm in Gilead ?" and read next morning, to 
hia consternation, “Is there no barn in Guil¬ 
ford ?” Mr. Crawford, a member of Parliament, 
recently sent to India the message, “The news 
from America favors the holders,” and it, arrived 
there -with the information that “ News from 
America savors of soldiers!” 
The most foolish predicament a man eau got 
into is to get druuk. In drunkenness every man 
shows his strongest and most ardent passion. 
There are six kinds of drunkards, and if you go 
into a city drinking place where there are a doz¬ 
en men under the influence of liquor, you will 
be sure to find these six different animals. 
The first is ape-drunk. He leaps aud siugs aud 
yells and dances, making all sorts of grimaces 
and cutting up all sorts of “ monkey slilues ” to 
excite the laughter of his fellows. O, terribly 
silly is the drunken clown. 
Tne second is tiger-drank. He breaks the 
bottle, breaks the chairs, breaks the heads of 
fellow oarouaers, and is full of blood and thunder. 
Ills eyes are fired with vengeance, and his soul 
raves with murderous fury. Of this sort are 
those who abuse their families. 
The, third is hog-drunk. He rolls in the dirt 
on the floor, slobbers and grunts, aud going into 
the streets makes his bed in the first ditch or 
filthy corner he may happen to full into. He is 
heavy, lumpish and sleepy, and cries in a grunt¬ 
ing way for a little more drink. 
1’he fourth is puppy-drunk. He will weep for 
kindness, aud whine his love and hug you in his 
arms, and kiss you with his slobbery lips, and 
proclaim how much he loves you. You are the 
best man he ever saw, and he will lay down hia | 
money or life for yon. 
The fifth is owl-drunk. He is wise in his own 
conceit. No man eau differ with him, for his 
word is law. He is true in politics, and all mat¬ 
ters must be takeu as authority. His arm is the 
strongest, his voice the sweetest, hia horse the 
fleetest, his turnips the largest, his town the 
finest, of all iu the room or land. 
The sixth and last animal of our menagerie is 
the fox-drunk man. He is crafty, ready to trade 
horses and cheat if he can. Keen to strike a bar¬ 
gain, leering around with low cunning, peeping 
through cracks, listening under the eaves, watch¬ 
ing for some suspicious thing, sly as a fox, 
sneakiug as a wolf, he is the meanest drunkard 
Of them all. 
Hcaaintj lot f|« Hoang. 
ORIGIN AND SEALS 01 THE STATES. 
ties. There are beds of marble and very valua¬ 
ble zinc mines; and iron and copper arc found 
to some extent. The area is 8,330 square miles, 
I and the present population 675,000. 
NUMBER THREE. 
It is said that a Florentine named V erhagano, 
sailing in the sevvico of France, discovered New 
York bay in 152k In 1609 Henry Hudson, an 
English navigator in the employ of the Dutch 
East India Company, who had set ont, to discover 
a. nor tit-east, passage to the Indies, failing In that, 
sailed southward and discovered the mouth of 
the river that now bears his name. Ho ascended 
it as far as the present site of Albany, lie found 
the adjacent country inhabited by two tribes of 
Indians, the Mohaws and the Manhattans—from 
the latter of whom, by the way, the great me¬ 
tropolis should have received its name, instead 
Of its present inelegant and absnrd title. 
NEW YORK. 
RIGHT INSTRUCTION FOR PEASANTS. 
M. Chanchard reported to the French Legis¬ 
lature *upon the subject of primary instruction 
in the departments of France. He directed at¬ 
tention to the fact that the law of 1850 had placed 
agriculture upon the list of primary studies, ex¬ 
plaining that by this was intended simply instruc¬ 
tion in the most elementary, undoubted and prac¬ 
tical tacts of that science. But some doubts have 
been entertained as to the propriety of this ac¬ 
tion. There can be none, thinks M. Chanchard, 
if for agriculture we substitute gardening. Al¬ 
most every peasant’s cottage has a few acres of 
ground around it, which he culls his garden; 
but it is commonly a tangle of poor herbs, and 
poorer trees. Let the peasant’s children be 
taught at the primary school how to prepare I 
the ground, how to sow, how to raise good veg¬ 
etables, how to plaut and trim, and graft trees, 
aud it is contended thut the cottages wilL be¬ 
come comfortable aud pleasant homes, where 
the peasants will be content to stay, instead of 
crowding, as they now do, to the great towns. 
If we would have powerful minds, we must 
think; if we would have faithful hearts, we 
must love; if we would have muscles, we must 
labor. 
FACTS NOT GENERALLY KNOWN. c 
- I 
The origin of the portrait of the Goddess of t 
Liberty upon our coins is of great interest. Mr. c 
Spencer, the inventor of Spencer’s lathe, used , 
by the American Bank-Note Company, was the 
artist who cut the first die for our American , 
coin. He cut an exact medallion of Mrs. Wash- f 
lugton, the wife of General Washington, and the . 
first few coins were struck with her portrait. ( 
When General Washington saw them lie was , 
displeased, and requested the figure to be re- j 
moved. Mr. Spencer altered the features a lit¬ 
tle, and putting ft cap upon its head, called it 
the Goddess of Liberty. If future artists will 
bear this in mind, they will always take Mrs. 
Washington's portrait for their guide, when 
wishing to produce the goddess. 
South Carolina was one of the first States to 
issue paper money, and the first one to repudi¬ 
ate it. 
The Bank of England depends upon the water¬ 
mark in its notes as security against counter¬ 
feiters. When the United States entered into 
competition with Europe to secure the order for 
printing bank Dotes for the Italian Government, 
it was demonstrated to the satisfaction of the 
Italians that the English people could not pro¬ 
duce a note which would defy the counterfeit¬ 
ers—their water-mark being easily imitated, and 
their steel engraving quite inferior to American. 
Nicknames. —The island of Portland off the 
southern coast of England is famous for its 
stone quarries and for a class of people who 
know each other only by nickname. An officer 
once had occasion to serve a process Inehauccry 
upon one of the quarrymen, and meeting a lad 
about fourteen years of age asked him where 
Arthur Bright lived. “ I dun know," he replied, 
bewildered. The officer then described the man, 
aud gave the name of the quarry he owned, up¬ 
on which the boy brightened and auswered, 
“ Oh —a you manes Longshanks; he be in thick 
ere ouse ther—why, he be my fayther." “Well, 
there your name is Bright, isn’t it?” “No-a, 
they do calc me Buckets.” 
The Buffalo Board of Trade has recinded its 
former action iu udopting the cental system; 
also, iu declaring that a barret of flour should 
contain two hundred pouuds; thus it practically 
returns to the old system The Cleveland Board 
of Trade feu? taken similar action. 
The Company soon afterwards established 
posts on the river for trading with the Indians. 
Various small colonies now came over, settling 
at different polnta on the coast between the Con¬ 
necticut and Delaware rivers. In 1626 Manhattan 
Island was bought of the Indians for $28 ; and 
the colony established on it was called New Am¬ 
sterdam. The Government consisted of a Direc¬ 
tor aud a Council of Five. For the next tlfteen 
or twenty years there was continual trouble be¬ 
tween these settlers and the colonists of New 
England, and a war also arose with the Indians, 
who looked with suspicion on the growing en¬ 
croachments of the whites. In 1664 the colony 
was captured by the English; and as the terri¬ 
tory had been granted by the King to the Duke 
of York, the name was changed to New York. 
It was re-captured by the Dutch lu 1673, and the 
name changed to New Orange; but by the terms 
of a treaty made in the following year it was 
restored to the English. 
On the 19th of March, 1777, a constitution for 
the State of New York was reported by a com¬ 
mittee of the Provincial Congress, and on the | 
20th of the next April it was adopted. Georoe 
Clinton was elected first Governor. In 1791 a 
society was organized for the promotion of agri¬ 
culture, arts and manufactures. In 1807 Robert 
Fulton made his trial trip with the Clermont, 
the first steamboat. The Erie and Champlain 
canals were commenced in 1917 aud completed 
in 1925. The first railroad in the State was com 
menced in 1835. It was by these internal im¬ 
provements, as well as by her natural advantages, 
that New York increased so rapidly in wealth 
and population and gained the place which she 
st ill holds as the first State in the Union. The 
motto on the seal, as yon probable know, signi¬ 
fies “ higher.” The State contains 46,085 square 
miles; and the present population is 4,000,000. 
It is called the “ Empire State.” 
PENNSYLVANIA. 
Pennsylvania is the only State in the Union 
named after a private individual. The name sig¬ 
nifies “ Penn’s woods.” William Penn was a 
Quaker aud came to America for the enjoyment 
of religions freedom. His charter conveyed to 
him all the tract of country extending westward 
live degrees from the Delaware river and bounded 
south and north by the 40th and 42d parallels ol’ 
latitude. This grant interfered with the claims 
of Connecticut ou the east and those of Mary¬ 
land on the south; and hence arose disputes 
which disturbed the colouies for a century- In 
1682 Penn published his “Frame of Govern¬ 
ment,” by which the power was vested in a 
Governor and General Assembly. The latter 
consisted at first of the whole people, and after¬ 
wards oi a House of Representatives. This 
constitution was drawn up iu England, and was 
somewhat modified by an assembly convoked by 
him soon after his arrival, the same year, with 
2,000 settlers. Undoubtedly the future pros¬ 
perity of the colony was owing in a great mea¬ 
sure to the broad principle then proclaimed, 
that “ none acknowledging one God, and living 
peaceably in society, should be molested for his 
opiuious or practice, or compelled to frequent or 
maintain any ministry whatsoever.” Another 
peculiarity of Penn’s course was his buying the 
land of the Indians. The city of Philadelphia, 
i the name of which signifies “brotherly love,” 
was founded early in the history of the colony. 
In 1693 Pennsylvania was annexed to New York, 
but remained so only two years, at the end of 
which time anew Governor was appointed. The 
internal history of the colony from that time to 
the Revolution is but a series of petty disputes. 
Penn died In 1718. 
Pennsylvania Is now the second State Lu the 
Union, Coal and iron are found in Immense 
quantities iu its mountainous regions; and in 
the north-western part is situated the “oil re¬ 
gion,” of which you have heard so much during 
the past four or five years. The State contains 
46,000 square miles, and has a population of 
3,000,000. By a wide span of the imagination 
the original thirteen States were conceived aa an 
arch, of which Pennsylvania, being the seventh, 
was the keystone. Hence it is culled the “ Key¬ 
stone State." 
NEW JERSEY. 
From the first part of this article you will 
learn the origin of the first settlements in New 
Jersey. In 1604 the Duke of York sold it to 
Lord Berkely aud Sir George Carteret. 
Philip Carteret was first Governor of the 
colony. A large number of Quakers came over 
in 1080, and in 1082 a company of Scotchmen 
headed by the Earl of Perth. In 1702 it was 
united with New York under one government, 
but was separated again, on the petition of its 
inhabitants, in 1708. A State constitution was 
adopted, and the first Legislature met at Prince¬ 
ton iu 1776. 
Sonic of the most memorable incidents of the 
BIG BOYS AND LITTLE BOYS. 
Jemmy aud Willie came in crying, and with a 
now sled, too. The tears were almost frozen 
into little icicles ou their fat cheeks. What is 
the matter ? “ The big boys will not let us 
slide. They drive us off the hill.” 
This Is not the first complaint against the big 
boys. The big boys would not lot them work on 
the snow-fort. The big boys would not let the 
little boys go on the grand slcigh-ride the other 
afternoon. I am sorry the big boys love to 
tyrannize so over the little boys. Sometimes 
they hardly allow the little boys any comfort at 
all. It is so mean and selfish. It is bigness so 
badly used. 
Well, Jemmy and Willie, I cannot help you. 
But this I want to say to the little boys : when 
you grow to be big boys, if God lets you live, 
try to make the little boys feci comfortable and 
happy. Do not stretch so very far above ttu«n; 
do not talk big; do not scare and torment them. 
Always keep iu mind that you were once a little 
boy yourself, and how you felt when the big 
boys troubled you and made you cry. 
That iu time will cure the difficulty, and 
make the little hoys hi the future have a better 
time of it. 
Tardiness. —Who ever saw a boy late at a 
circus? How eager children are to gb early to 
all kinds of public meetings! How they ran 
Revolution took" place in New Jersey; and when they once get^startedI! If school were a 
.... , ,_ , nines'Where the children are harmv. eoWtfnrtahle 
Trenton, Monmouth and Princeton have become 
classic names. Though the State has a great 
deal of sea coast, it has few good harbors. The 
soil is various, differing widely in different locnll- 
plaee where the children are happy, comfortable 
in body and contented In mind, if their minds 
were excited and their curiosity awakened and 
gratified, children would less often be tardy. 
