deu vooreten vau den hoop dooreensehot neder- 
tuimelon. I)it nieuwe salvo bragt hen in ver- 
warrmg; wnut zij begrepen niet, hoe men 
tweemaal met een wapen achieten kon zonder 
tweemaal te laden. Beslutteloos bleveu zij een 
oogenblik staan en gingen vervolgens wcer naar 
bet digte boseh tcrug. 
DAVID LIVINGSTONE, 
the great MISSIONARY TRAVELER IN AFRICA. 
D\vix> Livingstone, the famed traveler and 
missionary in Africa, whose portrait illustrates 
this page, was the child of poor parents, but 
of a family with its traditions going back for 
venerations, in Scotland. At ten years old he 
was a P kcer in a cotUm factory; and the 
buying of a Latin book with his first earnings 
showed his genius and resolution. Through 
years of labor he studied Greek and Latin, read 
much, in hooks of science and travel, and de¬ 
cided to be a missionary to China: with rare 
capacity be also studied medicine and botany, to 
enlarge his influence and usefulness. Spinning 
cotton in summer, studying in winter, he gradu¬ 
ated as a physician at Glasgow. 
The “opium war” blocked np the path to 
China and he fortunately turned to Africa. In 
1$40 he reached the Cape of Good Hope, and soon 
married a daughter of Mr. Mokkatt, a mission- 
rv w ho was the sharer of his trials and dangers, 
and ever ready to inspire him with the spiritual 
power of a true woman. 
He was In Africa until 1856, as missionary 
among Ihe Caffres, made several long journeys, 
and showed not only the earnest zeal of the mis¬ 
sionary, but the sagacious wisdom of a man who 
saw that commerce must open lntercoursc>'ith 
the civilized world, and thus help that growth 
from barbarism so uecessary for the growth of 
Hla practical wisdom 
WHAT A SPIDER EATS 
In order to test what a spider could do in the 
way of eating, we arose about daybreak one 
morning to supply bis fine web with a fly. At 
first, however, the spider did not come from hie 
retreat; so we peeped among the leaves, and 
there discovered that an earwig had been 
caught, and was now being feasted on. The spider 
left the earwig, rolled up the fly, and at once 
returned to his “ first course.” This was at 
5:30 A. M. At 7 A. M. the earwig had been 
demolished; and the spider, after resting a 
while, came down for the fly, which he finished 
by 9 A. M. A little after 9 we supplied him with 
a dnddy-lfciglegs, which was eaten by noon. At 
one o’clock a blow fly was greedily seized; and 
witli an appetite apparently no worse for bis 
previous indulgence he commenced on the 
blow - fly. 
During the day, and towards the evening, a 
great many midges had been caught in the web. 
Of these we counted one hundred and twenty, 
all dead, and fast prisoner* in the spider’s net. 
Boon after dark, provided with a lantern, wc 
went to examine whether the spider was Buffer¬ 
ing indigestion or In any other way from his pre¬ 
vious meals; instead, huwever, of being thus 
affected, he was employed in rolling up together 
the various little green midges, which be then 
took to his retreat, and ate. This process he 
repeated, carrying up tho lots in detachments, 
until the whole was eaten. A, slight rest of 
about au hour was followed by a most industri¬ 
ous web making process, and before daybreak 
another web was ready to be used in the 
same way. 
Taking the relative size of the spider aud of 
the creatures It ate, and applying this to a man, 
it would be somewhat as follows;—At daylight 
a small alligator; at seven A. M., a lamb; at 9 
A. M., a young camelopard; at ton o’clock, a 
sheep; ami, during Ihe night, one hundred aud 
Chambers' Journal. 
higher religious ideas, 
led him to ace that the ending of the slave trade, 
anil the breaking up of the Portuguese monop¬ 
oly of power on the eastern coast of that Con¬ 
tinent, could be best accomplished by opening 
peaceful and profitable commerce with a rich 
country. 
In 1854 he traveled a thousand miles north of 
the Cape to Loaudo, an old Portuguese settle¬ 
ment on the western coast, aud thence, first of 
all white men, struck boldly across the country, 
to the eastern coast, returned safely to the Cape, 
sailed for England, lectured in London and else¬ 
where, and returned to Africa, not a poor and 
unknown missionary, but a famed man, sustained 
by Mission Boards, Scientific Societies, and men 
of wealth and rank. His history of travels 
through the interior is full of interest. His 
glowing yet simply truthful narrative of the rich 
beauty of broad plains, the grand aspect of 
mountains, the variety of products, the noble 
rivers, ready channels of lucrative commerce, 
and the character and capacities of the natives, 
surpasses our dreams of the mysteries of thut 
heretofore, unknown land. 
Lake Xyassa, two hundred miles long, through 
which flows the Zambesi river, and hundreds of 
miles westward of which, that great stream, a 
mile broad, plunges down a cataract more than 
three hundred and fifty feet, anil its angry waters 
flow between rocky walls in a dark and narrow 
chasm to the open plains beyond, give some con¬ 
ception of this wide realm, nis suggestion of 
steamboat navigation, for 600 miles above these 
falls, up the river and lake, to gather tho pro¬ 
ducts of the country shows his practical view of 
affairs. 
Latest intelligence confirms the report that 
Livinostone has been killed by a band of rude 
natives in the interiorfighting the good 
fight” for a Christian civilization, and dying in 
the harness like a true man. 
twenty larks. 
11e that makes anything his ehiefest good, 
wherein virtue, reason and humanity do not hear 
a part, can never do the offices of friendship, 
justice or liberality. 
Divm LIVINGSTONE, THE GREAT MISSIONARY TRAVELER IN AFRICA. 
AN INGENIOUS IDEA, 
WESTWARD, HO! CHINA AND NEW YORK 
off and do the work of millions of busy fingers. 
Such wondrous addition to the working power 
of the world, such real and wide benefit, start¬ 
ing from the brave persistence, and toil anil 
genius of one young man, is a lesson grander and 
nobler than ever King or Conqueror taught. 
Elias Howe is a man of good habits and 
character. 
For Moore’s Rural New-Yorker 
POETICAL ENIGMA. 
A public dinner in England had dwindled 
away to two guests, an Englishman and a High¬ 
land gentleman, who were each trying to prove 
the superiority of their native countries. Of 
course, at an argument of tills kind, a Scotchman 
possesses, from constant practice, overwhelming 
advantages. The Highlander’s logic was so 
good, that be beat his opponent on every point. 
At last the Englishman put a poser: — “ You 
Will,” lie said, “at least admit that England is 
larger in extent than Scotland?” “Certainly 
not,” wus the confident reply; “ you see, Bir, 
ours is a mountaiuous, yours a flat country. 
Now, if all our hills were rolled out flat, we 
Bhould beat you by hundreds of square miles.” 
This Is like the Vermonter who claimed thut his 
State had more land to the acre than any other, 
because they set it up edgewise and cultivate 
both sides. 
The “ Western World,” a splendid sleeping 
car built by Pullman, a commissary car for 
meals, find a beautiful day-car, left Albany a 
few days ago for a through trip beyond the Mis¬ 
sissippi with a company of gentlemen and ladies, 
who were thus to have a foretaste of the style of 
railroad travel—by day and night, meals and all 
on board—which will be offered to travelers to 
the Rocky Mountains and the dlstaut Pacific — 
soon to be brought near by the magic of steam 
rails. Tim Pacific Railroad is already 300 miles 
west of the Missouri, and going on at the rate 
of over a mile a duv. The California end has 
hundred miles, over the 
I am a maxim good and true 
For every boy and girl to mind, 
Composed of letters sixty-two, 
In reptiles, beasts and birds you’ll And. 
38, 57, 46, 51, 68, 53, 
Could ho talk, a very good Yankee would be. 
62, 55, 41, 54, 
Makes a very small house, 
With the ground for a floor; 
The furniture plain, a stool for a chair, 
Assisting the gardener his cabbage to spare. 
56, 50, 15, 38, 
'Thongh low in creation, you never should hate. 
83, 42, 36, 27, 61, 
The hoys are not like when nimbly they run. 
29, 19, 57, 40 and 6, 
An African beast, with cowardly trieks. 
26, 8,11, 47, 21, 45, 
Look out for it boys, it lives where you dive. 
17, 59, 60, 37, 22, 
If you Journey in Asia, will be nothing new. 
20, 7, 4, 48, 58, 
Is sought by huutcrs when the season is late. 
In 32, 36,10, you’ll find 
The horse, the ox, and deer combined. 
13, 9, 43, 44, 
Was n messenger sent to seek for a shore. 
5,14, 25,1 will het, 
(Spell his name right,) iB an Irishman’s pet. 
1, 58, 23, 46, 51 with 24. 2, 3,12, and no more, 
Is a small armor-cased animal, 
When rolled up like a ball, 
(Its means of defence,) 
Seldom suffers at all. 
38,16, S3, 20, 31, 
In nature’s broadest fields I roam, 
Still moving toward the setting sun. 
18, 30, 31, 34, 
To the hunter I'm deer, to the epicure more. 
Some nations have added to their crimes untold 
By hunting your brothers with me; 
This is my name, so easily told, 
40, 39, 23. w. e. w 
Mast Yard, N. II, 
Answer in two weeks. 
Vice is not bred iu such a school as 
he graduated from, aud he deserves his reward. 
During the war he enlisted as a private soldier, 
iu a Connecticut regiment, and faithfully dis¬ 
charged his duties, walking daily for some 
weeks, to and from a post-office in Maryland, 
seven miles from the camp, os carrier of the 
regiment’s mail; thus setting the example of 
personal labor, besides giving generously from 
his ample means. 
In our premium list it will be seen that we 
a reward for the 
reached eastward a 
highest grade In the country, rising 6,000 feet 
aud overcoming great obstacles. The Sierra 
tunnel is half done, the Nevada silver mines 
will soon he reached, and 156 miles are to be 
done by July. 
The road, so far, has an income far beyond 
what was expected, and the vast investment of 
over 3100,000,000 promises to pay fair dividends. 
When it can draw tribute from the plains, and 
transfer the vast, trade of Asia from the line of 
steamships now running from China to San 
Francisco, its traffic and travel must be great. 
Not. only the silks, teas and other products of 
the Asiatic continent which we need will come 
by this road, but those for Europe will also seek 
this pathway across ocean and continent, more 
direct and fur less dangerous than either that by 
the Cape of Good Hope or the Red Sea. 
offer the “Howe Machine” as 
workers for the Rural. 
Greatest Depth of Mines. —The Eselchacht ' 
Mine at Kuttenburg, in Bohemia, now inaccessi¬ 
ble, Is the deepest mine in the world, being 8,778 
feet below the surface. Its depth is only 150 feet 
less than the height of Mount Vesuvius, and it 
is eight times greater than the height of the 
pyramid of Cheops. The bore of the salt works 
of Mindcn in Prussia, is 2,331 feet deep, and 1,993 
feet below the level of the sea. The mine of 
Valenciuiift, in Mexico, is 1,686 feet deep, and yet 
it is 5,960 feet above the level of the sen. The 
Trcsavean copper mine, in England, 3,113 feet In 
depth, and 1,700 feet below the sea level. 
ELIAS HOWE, JR., 
INVENTOR OF THE HOWE SEWING MACHINE, 
LONGEVITY OP MAN. 
Turn to our advertising page, good reader, 
and you will see a portrait of this man, turn 
your thoughts to his life, and what struggle and 
hope, what persistent courage, what a loug tight 
with poverty; and, at last, what conquest! In 
the Atlantic for this mouth, we have this “ truth 
stranger than fiction,” of his career, told by 
A writer in the Atlantic Monthly proves by 
statistics that a man’s longevity is in exact pro¬ 
portion to his educational attainments, provided 
ills health has not, been injured by over-mental 
exertion. It seems that increasing intelligence 
and decreasing war have prolonged the average 
length of life in Europe from twenty-five years 
in the seventeenth century, to thirty-five, in the 
eighteenth, and forty • live in the nineteenth. 
The best educated communities are the longest 
lived, and the best educated soldiers live 
amazingly longer than the more ignorant, and 
seem to wear a charmed life, not so much against 
bullet and bayonet as against the effects of dis¬ 
ease, privation, and eveu severe wounds, on their 
constitutions and lives. 
Similar statistics show that the physical power 
of civilized men Is greater than that of savages, 
aud all help to explode the uotion that somehow 
the race is running out, and that, as the mental 
powers increase the body grows weak. Doubt¬ 
less there may be too little use of the body, too 
much of the brain and nerves in some occupa¬ 
tions, but, on a broad scale, the tendency of 
culture and civilization is to harmony of devel¬ 
opment, to health, and greater power. Other* 
wise we had best go back to the savage state, 
and grant that the lower life is better than the 
higher. We remember that, a few years since, a 
wealthy English nobleman proposed a tourna¬ 
ment, in which the. gentry should ride the lists 
clad In ancient armor, and armed with the lances 
of the knights of the days of chivalry. For this 
purpose there was a general hunting up of an¬ 
cestral armor in the old castles. To the surprise 
of all it was found that the coats of mail iu which 
the forms of the old knights wore clad, were too 
small for men of the same class in society to-day. 
The lusty Englishman of to-day who travels over 
burning deserts and icy seas for pleasure or 
FRENCH BREAD 
Bread in Boston and New Yorlc, and else¬ 
where iu the United States, appears in the form 
of loaves; but go into a Paris bake-shop and you 
will see it standing up around the room in rolls 
as long as fence rails! There goes a woman 
now, past my window, with her left arm full of 
slicks of bread—the sticks about, four feet in 
length—as if it were an arm-full of firewood. 
In her right hand is a stick of double length, 
which she uses for a cane. It is fully seven feet 
long—literally the staff of life! In the mutter 
of bread-making, American bakers have some¬ 
thing to learn from the French. Bread here is 
sweet, moist and nutritions; that left at, the 
doors of many of your city readers is not unfre- 
quently dry and sour. The bread here is rutlior 
A GOOD STONY-READ IT! 
All the boys aud girls will be highly pleased 
with this extract, from a story we find in the 
last page of a largo and handsome newspaper 
that comes to us weekly from Holland, Mich. 
Several thousand men and women from Hol¬ 
land in Europe, have settled in and near this 
pleasant town on the eastern shore of Lake 
Michigan, a little south of the mouth of Grand 
River, ami live there very pleasantly much after 
the fashion of the “ fatherland ” across the ocean. 
Let us just say that, although all Germans are 
called Dutch in this couHtry, really only those 
from Holland arc Dutch. They are u very neat 
■and busy people, and children and parents skate 
togettier a great deal in winter. We give the 
title of this newspaper, which you will like 
to sec: 
DE HOLLANDER 
WORDT, TEDEKEN DONDEKAG, U1TGEGEVEN TE 
HOLLAND. 
H. VAN J5YK, 
REDACTEUR. 
It has a picture of an eagle under its name, 
aud the words “ oenduact maakt magt” — 
which wc guess mean “Right makes might”—and) 
if go, they are good words. But here is the story, 
and our good printers are very careful to spell 
all the words right: 
HET GEYECHT MET DE WILDEN. 
Vervolg. 
Zij waanden mij ontwapenden zwaaiden hunne 
knodsen in de lucht; zonder evenwel mijne te- 
genwoordiglieid van geest te verliezen, deed ik 
For Moore’s Rural New-Yorker 
AN ANAGRAM. 
Ytslwe sa slorl eth clpida mrstae 
Dinai htc sewodma gya, 
Nwin' tlghdei yb teh snom'o elpa mbae, 
Ti sprilep no eht yaw— 
Yma slfe's liomtso edti Irol no hwte ehtc. 
Rhino ot a tebsl tyteiruo. 
North Lewisburg, Ohio. M - 
frW Answer in two weeks. 
For Moore’s Rural New-Yorker. 
MATHEMATICAL ^PROBLEM. 
A park 10 rods square has a gravel walk around it, 
the area of which is 19-100 of the whole area of the 
park. What is the width of the gravel walk ? 
Cascade, Mich, N. E. Willis. 
Answer m two weeks. 
ANSWERS TO ENIGMAS, &c., IN No. 902 
Answer to Miscellaneous Enigma:—Ambrose Ev¬ 
erett Burnside. 
Answer to Geographical Enigma:—Never get oil 
on the brain. 
Answer to Anagram: 
Prayer is the soul's sincere desire, 
Unulter'd or express’d; 
The motion ol' a hidden fire, 
That trembles in the breast. 
Answer to Mathematical Enigma:—$155.88441 +. 
When the treaty for the purchase of Louisia¬ 
na was completed, Bonaparte is said to have ex¬ 
claimed, “Thisaccession of territory strengthens 
forever the power of the United States; I have 
just given to England a maritime rival that will 
sooner or later humble her pride.” 
What word is that of five letters from which, 
if you take two of them, only one is left ? St-one, 
