LATE CULTIVATION OF ORCHARD8. 
The period of the year has arrived when 
cultivation in the orchard should cease. It 
should not, he the policy of the owner to stimu¬ 
late his trees, either by manuring or cultivating 
in the latter part of the summer, to make 3 vig¬ 
orous late growth. The time for the wood to be 
formed is in the spring and early summer,— 
then the cultivator should be kept at work and 
manure applied. But ample lime should be 
allowed afterwards for the trees to ripen their 
wood so as to endure the winter uninjured. 
On rich soils, where the apple is delicate, late 
growth of the wood should be especially guarded 
against. Pear orchards everywhere should not 
be cultivated and stimulated after the prime of 
summer is passed. The peach growers of Mary¬ 
land and Delaware have learned better than to 
cultivate their orchards late in the season by 
noticing the tendency of trees thus treated to 
cast their fruit. If a neglected orchard is plowed 
late the fruit is 6ure to fall the next year. In 
localities where the rot has been prevalent in 
vineyards it has been noticed that uncultivated 
vines escaped while those well taken care of 
were infected. So it has been thought better 
by some cultivators to have weeds cover the 
ground and healthy fruit the vines, than to take 
up with the reverse, clean ground and rotten 
fruit. Perhaps late cultivation iu the vineyard 
induces the rot when other circumstances also 
favor. But a weedy, apparently uncared for 
orchard or vineyard is an eye-sore to the enthu¬ 
siastic fruit grower, and such an appearance is 
likely to be assumed when the cultivator and hoe 
are laid aside at midsummer. To avoid this, to 
check late growth of orchards, aud for the pur¬ 
pose of enriching the soil at the proper time, we 
suggest that some crop, as rye, be sown the last 
time of cultivating. This crop would also shield 
the ground in the winter and furnish a coat of 
manure to plow under in the succeeding spring. 
FRUIT GROWING IN EGYPT. 
Eds. Rural:— It was not until within a few 
years that the idea ol‘ fruit growing for market 
first attracted notice In tins locality. Since the 
completion of the Illinois Central Railroad there 
some few enterprising northerners first conceived 
the notion that apples, peaches, pears, plums, 
cherries, berries and grapes could be raised to 
supply the northern market, and uow from 
Joneshorough to Carbondell, for from 3 to 6 
miles from the railroad. Is almost one continuous 
orchard, employing hundreds of men and women 
to gather the fruit, and a fruit train runs directly 
from Joneshorough to Chicago every day, laden 
with the fruits of the season. First in order 
came the •■tnvwberries; next raspberries and 
cherries. Now the peaches are going at the rate 
of three and four car-loads a day, and it is 
thought they will exceed the number of twelve 
car-loads per day before the season ends. 
Gardening also receives Its share, of attention. 
It has been found that the raising of early vege¬ 
tables for northern market, can be made very 
profitable also, and hundreds of boxes of early 
tomatoes and early potatoes are going on their 
way north every day. The disposing of the pro¬ 
ducts here is carried, on quite differently from 
the way usually adopted by producers generally. 
Instead of selling at the railroad station, as is 
usually done by farmers, uvey man docs his own 
shipping—sending to his favorite commission 
merchant, mostly in Chicago, hut a great 
deal is sent to various other x>laces through¬ 
out the northwest. Cobden is the center of the 
fruit trade. The place is commonly called South 
Pass—it being the only placo of railroud passage 
through the range of hills, or rather it Is an ele¬ 
vated table-land, extending from Cape Girardeau, 
Mo., to Shawneetown on the Ohio. It is em¬ 
phatically a Yankee town, something rather un¬ 
common in this region. Here are found the 
largest orchards and vineyards. There are peach 
orchards, covering from 100 to 200 acres, lying 
in every direction from the place, and as the 
present crop is a fair one the returns will un¬ 
doubtedly be great, and energy aud enterprise 
will, as it always does, meet with its reward. 
THE ARMY WORM— PREVENTIVE. 
Mr. Charles S. McCollum, of Newfane, Ni 
agara county, N. Y., Informs the editor of the 
Niagara Democrat that he has tried many exper¬ 
iments for preventing the army worm from 
ascending his fruit trees without effeet, until re¬ 
cently, when he succeeded La stopping them. 
Thus" Take cotton batting, open it and cat 
it into strips of 3% to 4 inches wide, take a strip 
of the cotton and tie it with a. string around the 
tree, about two feet from the ground. The 
string should be tied at the lower edge of the 
cotton, turning the cotton down smoothly over 
the string, when it will adhere closely to the 
bark of the tree. See that there is no opening 
left in the cotton. Experience has proved that 
the worms cannot get over the cotton. 
This should be put on between eix and nine 
o’clock in the morning. The worms, it is said, 
commence leaving the trees for the earth at day- 
light, remain four or five hours on the ground, 
and commence going up the tree at from niue to 
ten o’clock—that they remain in clusters until 
one or two o’clock p. m., and then commence 
feeding. It is believed that they eontiue eating 
the leaves until daylight, when they descend to 
the earth, especially if the ground under the 
trees is plowed. Next to the above remedy, 
lard aud sulphur have proved the m 06 t success¬ 
ful. The experiment is certainly worth trying. 
The worms will accumulate in great numbers 
below the cotton, and should he swept oil' with 
a broom occasionally. 
gmtirulittral iptae: ana aperies. gnu 
PERENNIAL LARKSPURS. 
In this favorite class of flowers the perennial 
varieties are worthy of special attention and cul¬ 
tivation. If the seed is sown late in autumn, 
or very early in the hot-bed, they will usually 
flower the first season. The plants should stand 
about a foot aud a half apart. The perennials 
are richly colored, showing beautiful shades of 
white, blue, red and pink. The engraving fur¬ 
nished by our Floral Contributor, Mr. J. Vick, 
shows a spike ot flowers of natural size. The 
larkspurs arc in season now, and every garden 
should make a line show of this beautiful flower. 
Apples FIalp Sweet and Half Sour— Mr. S. Foil- 
bom, editor of the Attiea Atlas, informs ns that last 
sprint; he set ton grafts, each graft being made up of 
two varieties by means of halving the stems and buds 
and nicely tilting the different parts together. Five 
of those are living, some having made a growth of 
seven or eight inches. Mr. F. is confident that he cau 
produce apples having the sweet and sour flavor 
mixed, but lie says lie has no expectation of receiv¬ 
ing that $100 offered by Solon Rodin son, as ho docs 
not suppose the fruit will be r.cactly half sweet and 
half sour or half red and half green, but ho believes I 
the different flavors and colors will be distinctly per- I 
ceptible in one .apple. 
Pruning Blackberries, Grapes, &c. — (Constant 
Reader.) It is advisable to prune blackerry bushes 
during the growing season by clipping off the tops of 
the young canes to prevent their growing too high 
and to send the growth into the laterals. The old 
canes should be cut out late in the fltll or early In the 
spring. Grafting grapes in the viueyurd is a very un¬ 
certain operation, and not to be recommended except 
for experimental purposes. The best, time is proba- 
bly early, catting the cions at the time of grafting. 
Strings— TTn wto get them. It is frequently quite 
as easy to save expense as to earn it, and many strings 
are wanted about the vineyard, nursery and garden in 
course of the year. Allow an amateur gardener to 
tell Rural readers how to get them cheaply. Go to 
some junk shop or rag warehouse anil buy an old boat 
bow or stern line, aud with a sharp tool cut it. in 
lengths to suit convenience; then tint wist it and you 
will have what is colled spun yarn, a most excellent 
strong string and cheap.— Yoriok. 
Transplanting Full-orown Tubes.— Thirty beau¬ 
tiful elms, fully forty feet in height, wore removed 
from their native forests, and replanted hi froutof the 
site of Congress Dal! at Saratoga, to take the place of 
the trees destroyed by tire. They are now in full leal' 
and appear to thrive under this singular treatment. 
The same thing has has been successfully accomplish¬ 
ed in Scotland, also in Paris. 
Flown n for a Name.—“A Rural Reader," Car- 
mal, Indiana, The flower, forwarded by you for a 
name, is known among botanists as “ Musk Mallow,” 
Malm Moschuta. 
--- 
Yellow Bugs on Grape Vines, — A Subscriber 
asks, ‘‘Will some one inform ine through the columns 
of the Rural what will exterminate large yelloxv bugs 
on grape vines ?” 
rilHE GREAT EUROPEAN STRAWBERRY 
DR. WlCAISJil. 
Strong plants ready for delivery by mail from August 
lath. Head the 1 In rid and rn ; your orders earlv 
MARK. 1). WILLSON, No. 1 % N n th at., Rochester, N. Y. 
HORTICULTURAL GLEANINGS. 
Pruning Pole Beans .—Polo beans, left to them¬ 
selves, run quickly to the tops of the poles, and 
produce nearly all the crop above. When the 
vtiM-n reucti istill way up the. poles, nip off their 
cuds, aud they will branch out and clothe the 
poles with leaves and beans from the ground all 
the way to the top. 
Graf lint) Prunes on Plains .—Hon. Levi 
Bartlett ol Warner, N. Y., says that about ten 
years ago he grafted French prunes into the 
wild plnrn stock, aud has since had an abun¬ 
dance of plums. He, however, Inis had to jar 
the trees every day tor two weeks after the fruit 
sets, to prevent its destruction by the eurenllo. 
Old Pear Trees. — At the ancient village of 
Cahokia, just below and opposite St. Louis, 
are pear trees estimated to be one hundred and 
twenty years of age. The trees are said to be 
from forty to fifty feet high, with trunks three 
feet in diameter. They produce from fifteen to 
twenty bushels each of a pear said to rival the 
Seckcl in quality. 
Plains and the Curculio. —Dr. Kiktland says 
of the curculio, that in one season it destroyed 
every plum on his farm, except the crop of one 
tree in his swiue lot, which bent under its load 
of fruit. John J. Thomas tells of a cultivator 
In Western New York, who, by keeping a large 
number of hogs iu his plum-yard, had abundant 
crops for more than twenty years, while his neg¬ 
lectful neighbors lost a greater part of theirs. 
A New Tlaspberry. —The West Jersey Fruit 
Growers’ Association report that among the 
new raspberries lately introduced, the Clarke 
promises to be valuable, being hardy, large and 
a flue bright red color, very juicy and delicious, 
will bear carriage a hundred miles and keep for 
three days in good condition; having seen it 
in bearing for three years past, the Association 
feel safe in recommending it for general culti¬ 
vation, both for amateurs and market meu. 
Introduction of the Tomato. — It is geuerally 
supposed to be a native of South America, and 
to have been cultivated at an early period by the 
people of Pent and Mexico. It made its appear¬ 
ance in Europe in the 16th century, the first 
mention of it being by Rembert Dodoens, the 
famous Dutch herbalist, whose work, published 
in 1583, speaks of tomatoes as vegetables which 
may he eaten as a sort of salad with, pepper, salt 
aud oil. John Gerarde, an Englishman, whose 
“ Herbal” was given to the world iu 15&7, tells 
us that In his time several varieties were to be 
found iu the gardens of his country. Half a 
century later, in 1656, John Parkinson, another 
English writer on plants, treats of them as gar¬ 
den curiosities, cultivated more for their beauty 
of appearance than for utility. He styles them 
sometimes love apples, aud sometimes amorous 
apples. 
Fruit Growing in Florida.—A correspondent 
of the Farmers’ Register, writing from Florida, 
under date of June 12th, says “ My Hartford 
Prolifics are now ripe; Crevelings nearly so; 
Concords not quite. A two-year-old Iona has 
made thirteen feet of new wood from the ground 
—it commenced growing Feb. 10th. A two-year- 
old Israella has not grown a foot. Rogers’ Hy¬ 
brids, Herbcment, Ives, Rebecca, Diana, Con¬ 
cord, Allen’s Hybrid, Union Village and Adiron- 
dac, are all doing finely. The Delewares look 
pitiful, struggling for a miserable existence. 
Strawberries begau to ripen the la$t day of 
March, and have borne well ever since. The 
Triomphe dr: Gand is a failure; Wilson’s does 
best of all. There is no better peach country 
than this; the trees hang full, and early ones are 
ripe. Tomatoes were shipped from here u month 
ago; sweet potatoes are half grown; flgB about 
ripe; a big crop of oranges is coming along.” 
Boring Fruit Tries. —It Is a disputed point 
among fruit growers whether boring fruit trees, 
when they cease to bear, or u« t their fruit in an 
immature state, is beneficial, or the reverse. In 
ii Into number of the Scientific American there 
was an extract from a letter of an Ohio corres¬ 
pondent, in which occurred the following:—“A 
neighbor of mine has a cherry tree that Is about 
ten inches iu diameter, and every year the fruit 
either dropped off, or that which remained was 
so knotty and wormy as to be unlit to eat. 
Having seen a statement that boring through 
the heart uiul introducing roll brimstone into 
the cavity would improve such trees, I tried it 
some three years ago. Whether from this cause 
or not, it is certain that a change was at once 
apparent. The tree put on quite another ap¬ 
pearance ; the leaves assumed a healtheir color, 
and the yield ever since has been splendid in 
quality and large in quantity. After introducing 
the brimstone the hole was plugged up.” 
The Iona Grape. — The American Journal of 
Horticulture says: — "This new grape, which 
has been so highly praised by its friends, and 
especially by its originator, fruited in different 
parts of the country last year, and gave the pub¬ 
lic opportunity to judge of its merits. There 
can be no question that it is a grape of very high 
quality; in fact, we regard It as the best hardy 
grape yet introduced: but there is still some 
doubt as to its proving early enough for a large 
portion of our country. 
"The vine is a good grower, with good foliage, 
that remained free of mildew in the Bame vine¬ 
yard where the Delaware was nearly a failure on 
account of the mildew of the foliage; gives good- 
sized bunches and berries which failed to ripen. 
It is true that last season was au unfavorable 
one all over the country for the ripening of 
the grape-crop ; yet the Concord and Creveling 
ripened, and a largo crop was sold from the 
same vineyard in which the Iona failed. Now, 
the Concord is full late enough for the North; 
and any variety that will prove considerably 
later than that sviJl be of little value, however 
good its quality. It is fully as late as the Re¬ 
becca and Allen’s Hybrid, which did not ripen 
with us last year. 
PRETTY PLANTS FOR THE KITCHEN. 
Take a common tumbler, or a fruit cau; fill it 
nearly full of soft water. Then tie a bit of 
coarse lace or cheese sacking over it, and press 
down into the water, covered down with a layer 
of peas. In a few days they will sprout, the 
little thread-like roots going down through the 
lace into the water, and the vines can be trained 
up to twine, or what is prettier, a frame may be 
made for the purpose. The tumbler, or jar, 
should be Bet in a window where the sun shines. 
It requires uo eare, and you will have a delicate, 
pretty vine to rest your weary eyes upon. 
You can make another pretty thing with as 
little trouble. Take a saucer and fill it with 
fresh green moss. Place in the center a pine 
cone, having first wet it thoroughly. Then 
sprinkle it thoroughly with grass seed. The 
moisture will close the cone partially, and iu a 
day or two, the tiny grass spires will appear in 
all the interstices, and in a week you will have a 
perfect cone of beautiful verdure. It only wants 
a plentiful supply of water to be a" thing of 
beauty ” all summer. 
F BUI.T £lpKKH.-RIOHAIM)H A Lin¬ 
coln a Fanr I*n kkk. WUI pick nil kind* or fruit, 
and deliver it iu the for ' et with groat, rapidity, us perfect 
as when hanging on am true, no climbing to bo done, 
nor ladders needed. Weighs 2W lbs. Single machines 
sent by express for $2,00. Special inducements to agents. 
Address L, RICHARDS, Patentee mid Proprietor, 
_ Varysburg, Wyoming Co., N. Y. 
rji II K O It K A T 
EUROPEAN STRAWBERRY 
Double Flowertg Dorse Chestnut.— (B.) You 
can procure the above named Chestnut of the major¬ 
ity Of nurserymen. 
©omcsfic sBctiiinmn. 
DU,. NIOA T-«= 4 TT ; 
8nid to be the lakokst iiicunv known, plants aro hardy, 
vigorous growers,and productive. Fruit of this variety 
from plants set in Remember last was exhibited at tho 
Western New York Fruit Growers’ Convention held In 
Rochester on the 27th of last June. Willed weighed IV 
ounces and measured BH bullies In nlretimt'eroncc. 
This varjety we have Imported at a great expense, and 
will have a line stock to offer ottr customers In August 
and Kept niblUV. 
The following are extrude from European Catalogue*; 
" it ts of enormous she. the berries inefc/hing over iy 
ounces, (nine to the pounrt.) and early, of a bright red 
color, very glassfj.lln tle.ih while, and of fine yuHlMy." 
This sort has the bent characteristic* of any we have 
ever Introduced. Orders must be nentiu kakLy-, an they 
will only be, lllled In rotation, iff Wo will furnish plauts 
postage paid, at the following rates:-f I V plant ; $in W 
dozen; $VBft 100. Address FItOST A CO., 
pint Otume i'ait*y Nurseries, Boclmm\ N. r. 
H edge plant*-forty to fifty 
Millions first class Osage plants for sale. Send 10 
cents t'or Jissay on Hedging. 
W. )I. MANN & BUO., Normal, Ills. 
P. S.—Agents Wanted. yn-lBt 
m h b 
CHEAT VWLUltYN 
TEA COMPANY 
HATE JUST RECEIVED 
TWO FULL CARGOES 
VARIOUS ORIGINAL RECIPES, &c. 
While visiting at the hospitable mansion of 
Judge Blackmeu of Salisbury, N. C., some 
months ago, wo partook of several dishes which 
were far more palatable than the "fare” at first 
class hotels in Washington, Richmond, Ac. The 
“Southern Pudding” and "Boiled Custard” 
were decidedly extra, and Mrs. B. having kindly 
complied with our request to furnish recipes, 
wo take pleasure In offering them to housewives 
of the Rural, circle—with tho assurance that if 
" Southern institutions,” they are good ones and 
worthy of more general introduction: 
Southern Pudding.— Two eggs, 3 teacups 
sugar, 2 cups sweet milk, 4 cups flour, butter 
the size of a large hen’s egg, 1 teaspoon soda, 2 
teaspoons cream tartar. 
Sauce for Above ,—Half cup butter, l cup sugar 
1 cup wine, 2 tablespoons brandy, a handful of 
raisins and a littlo nutmeg. 
Boiled Custard.— One quart fresh milk, 6 
eggs, 2 cups sugar, 2 tablespoons arrow root or 
starch, a pinch of salt, 1 teaspoon butter. Stir 
together the yolks und sugar; mix the starch 
with a little milk, and pour it into the remainder 
of the milk, which must be on the lire boiling. 
As soon ub it thickens, add the yolks and sugar, 
stirring constantly. Let all boil two or tlirce 
minutes, aud then pour the whole over the well- 
beaten whites. Flavor to taste. 
Eds. Rural:—I will send a few recipes which 
I have never seen in the Rural, and which I 
know to be good: 
Tomato Soup.—:! teacups of tomatoes; 6cald 
the tomatoes and cut up fine; then pour on 1 
quart of boiling water; afterward add 1 tea¬ 
spoon of soda, 1 pint sweet milk or cream ; but¬ 
ter, pepper and salt to taste. Be sure and add 
the soda before the milk or it will be spoiled. 
Pour the soup over slices of bread or crackers. 
Tomato Catsup. —1 peek of ripe tomatoes; 
cook three hours; then strain through a coarse 
sieve; scald, and add 3 tablespoons of salt, 2 of 
cinnamon, I of cloves, 1 of Cayenne and l of 
black pepper; when cold add 1 pint of strong 
vinegar. Bottle, and set in a cool place. 
Ripe Cucumber Pickles.— Take ripe cucum¬ 
bers, pare them, cut them lengthwise, scrape 
out the inside, and put them In weak brine three 
or four days; to 2 quarts vinegar put 4 lbs. sugar, 
1 grated nutmeg, a small bunch of cinnamon, a 
few cloves; press the brine out of the cucum¬ 
bers, rinse in cold water, and boil in the vinegar 
uutil tender and transparent. They make a very 
nice pickle. 
Green Corn Pudding. —To 1-dozen ears of 
corn take 1 cup sweet milk, 1 spoonful sugar, 1 
egg, a little salt. Grate off the kernels, or split 
and cat them off. Bake in the oven.—A Farm¬ 
er’s Wife, Frle Co., N. T. 
Good Black Ink.—P. H. Williams, Manlius, 
sends the following for making black ink:—In 
3 % gallons of soft water, hot, dissolve 1 oz. ex¬ 
tract of logwood and X oz. bicromatc of potash. 
Strain clear from the dregs, and be sure to get 
good chemicals. 
FINEST NEW CROP TEAS. 
22,000 HALF (.IHliST* by whip GOLDIN Btatn, 
12,000 HALF CHEST*by whip GKOUUK KitoTTON 
In addition to these large cargoes of lilac If and 
Japan Tom. the Company are constantly receiving 
large invoices of the finest <|Ualtty of Green To an 
from the Moynnc district* of China, which are unri¬ 
valled for fineness and delicacy of flavor, which they 
aro selling at the Hollowing prices: 
OOLONG (Black,) 50c., 60., 70c., 80c., 90c., beat (lint. 
MIXED (Green and Black,) 80o.,iSUc. t 70c., 80c., W)c., best 
$i v m. 
ENGLISH BREAKFAST 50o., 60p.,70c.,80c., 80c,*1, $1,10, 
best $1,70 F ft. 
IMPERIAL (Green,) 50c., fiOc., 70c., 80c., 90c., $1, $1,10, 
beet, $1,25 F ft. 
YOUNG HVSON (Green,) 50c., 60c.., 70c., 80c., 90c., $1, 
$1,10, best $1,25 F 16. 
UNCOLORE© JAPAN. 90c., $1, $l,iu, best $1,25 V ft. 
GUNPOWDER $1,28, beat $1,50 V ft. 
Coffees Roasted and Ground Daily, 
Ground Coffee, 20c., 25c., 30c„ 35c., beat 10c. per pound. 
Hotels, Saloons, Boarding House Keepers and Families, 
who use large ciuantltlcsof Coffee,can economise in that 
article by using our French Breakfast and Dinner Coffee, 
which we sell at, the low price of 30c. per pound, and 
warrant to give perfect satisfaction. 
Consumers can save from 50c. to $1 per pound by pur¬ 
chasing their Teas of the 
THE GREAT AMERICAN TEA COMPANY, 
Nos. 31 and 33 Vesey St., 
Post-Offlce Bor, 5613 New York City. 
We warrant all the goods we sell to give entire satis¬ 
faction. If they aro not satisfactory they can be return, 
ed at our expense within 30 days, and have the money 
refunded. 
Through our system of supplying Clubs throughout 
the country, consumers In all parts of the United states 
can reeeivu their Tea* at the same prices (with the small 
additional expense «r transportation) us though they 
bought them at our warehouses In this city. 
Some parties Inquire of us how they shall proceed to 
get up a club. The answer is simply thisLet each per¬ 
son wishing to join In a club, suy bow much tea or coffee 
be wauts, and select the kind and price from onr Prlco 
List, as published In tbc paper or In our circular*. Write 
the names,kinds, aud amounts plainly on a list, and when 
the club Is complete send it to ns by mall,and we will put 
each party's goods In separate packages, and mark the 
name upon them, with the cost, so there need be uo con¬ 
fusion In their dlstrtbntlon —each party getting exactly 
what he orders, and no more. The cost ot transporta¬ 
tion the members of the club can divide equitably among 
themselveB. 
The funds to pay for the goods ordered can be sent by 
drafts on New York, by post-ofllc® money orders, or by 
Express, as may suit the convenience of the Club. Or, if 
the amount ordered exceed $30, wc will, If desired, send 
the goods by Express to ** collect on delivery." 
Hereafter wc will send a complimentary package to tho 
party gettlug up the Club. Our profits are small, but wo 
will be as liberal as we can otrord. We send no compli¬ 
mentary package lor Clubs of lees than $30. 
N. B.— All villages and towns where a large number 
reside, by clubbing together, can reduce the cost of their 
Teas and Coffees shout one-third by sending directly 
to the Gkk.vt a Michigan Tk.v Company, 
BEWARE of all concerns that advertise themselves 
as branches ot our Establishment, or copy onr numo 
either wholly or lu part, as they are bogus or imitations. 
We have uo branches, and do not, In any case, authorize 
the use of our name. 
jar Post-office orders and drafts make payable to the 
order of Great American Tea Company. Direct letters 
and orders to 
GREAT AMERICAN TEA COMPANY, 
31 and 33 Vesey Street. 
Post-Office Box, 5G-1S New York city. 
