grain is rained by it. Where seeds of various 
qualities are sown in the same field you will see 
much difference in the time of ripening and in 
the quality of the grain. 
The well developed seed produces a well de¬ 
veloped plant, and more tiumerous ramifications 
of the root, and the root takes up nourishment 
in proportion to its extent. It will he seen by 
these facts, that instead of sowing poor seed, 
great care should be taken to separate all the 
defective grain, leaving only the very plumpest 
and best for seed. If the soil is uniform and 
equally dry, your crop will then he uniform and 
ripen evenly over the whole field. The same wheat 
may be much improved by selecting the most 
perfect heads each year, and propagating from 
these. Like produces like, bat imperfection 
does not produce perfection. k. w. s. 
The Season,— The East and South were more than 
favored, even damaged, by heavy rains last week- 
causing much injury to crops, railroads, etc., in 
some localities. In this region, however, a drouth is 
prevailing, the earth being very dry and parched, 
as but little rain has fallen this month —for some 
three weeks. The crops must be suffering, and un¬ 
less rain is Boon vouchsafed, more or less damage 
will result from the drouth. Taking the whole coun¬ 
try into the account, however, our reporte of the 
weather, crops, and crop prospects, are generally 
COWS SUCKING THEMSELVES, 
“ H. T.,’’ PoolevLUe, Madison county, N. Y., 
writes: — “How can you prevent cows from 
sucking themselves ? I have one that sucks 
herself dry every night. Can you, or some of 
your readers, inform me, and perhaps benefit 
others?” 
Remarks. —This is a freak—we can give it no 
better designation—of rare occurrence among 
Cows. In an experience, embracing eereral 
lustrums, among dairy stock, we can call to 
mind only three instances in which cows under¬ 
took to do their own milking. In each of these 
eases the cows when young were allowed to do 
pretty much as they pleased about Bucking— 
running with their dams at will, or nearly so. 
As preventive we have known the teats to he 
daily smeared with some offensive compound in 
the shape of a 6 alve, but this is difficult to man¬ 
age, since, without great care, the offensive mat¬ 
ter will get mingled with the milk as it is being 
drawn from the udder. A sure preventive is 
found in placing upon the neck of the cow a 
frame made of light plank about twenty inches 
long, with protruding comers, fitting the neck 
well, and fastened either with aspring or string. 
These projections at the comers of the yoke 
will prevent the cow from reaching her teats 
with her mouth and of course stop the self¬ 
milking business. This yoke or frame is not 
very ornamental to a cow, nor likely to be worn 
with much complacency, but it will be found an 
effectual barrier to self-milking.—E d. 
The Food Crop of 1867.—According to the Depart¬ 
ment estimates the wheat crop of the present year is 
equal to about six bushels for every man, woman and 
child in the United States; of corn, 85 bushels: rice, 
2 lbs.; beans and peas not estimated. Rye, barley, 
and buckwheat, about 2^ bushels. Or provisions, 
the estimate includes only butter, 16 lbs; cheese,4 
lbs. Of root, crops, potatoes only arc considered, 
giving 5 bushels to each person. Taking into account 
the various other sources of supply, meat and vege¬ 
tables, it is safe to assume that a scarcity of food for 
the ensuing year is not to be apprehended. 
edited by henry s. rand alb, ll. T>, 
LONG WOOLED SHEEP 
From Iowa.— A business letter from Clinton Co., 
Iowa, dated Aug. 14, -ays :—“ The Rubai, now comes 
regular. I like to see the good old friend; it is like a 
brother—I was lonely without it. Wo are haring 
splendid weather and crops. The wheat is secure. 
The corn is farther advanced thau for the last four 
years at this time of year. The oats are being har¬ 
vested. Weare 10 have the State Fairhere tbisyear; 
great efforts are being made to insure success. We 
expect to have the largest and best exhibition of all 
Agricultural and Horticultural implements and pro¬ 
ducts of any year yet. May it prove successful.” 
A. C. Brhndagk, Bath, Steuben Co., N. Y., 
addresses us a letter, from whieh we make the 
following extracts : 
“Are the Cotswold or Leicester sheep profitably 
adapted to general breeding in this State, either for 
wool or mutton f Is there a prospect of sufficient 
demand for them to warrant raising thorn to sell for 
breeding purposes i Where can I find the best, with 
reliable pedigrees, and at reasonable prices f * * • 
My reasons for these inquiries are that I have made 
an almost entire failure In raising tine wooled sheep, 
while other and better sheep men than myself have 
had more or less poor success." 
It is difficult to say what should make the 
fine, dry, gravelly, and we should say, for humun 
beings, entirely healthy, plains about the beau¬ 
tiful Tillage of Bath unhealthy for fine wool 
sheep; hut this is not the first, time we have 
heard they wore so, and we knew a practical 
shepherd there, of much experience, who gave 
up the business of raising Merinos on that ac¬ 
count. He stated to us that he could not raise 
lambs with any reasonable degree of success, 
owing to the prevalence of goitre. We have 
hitherto supposed, und arc still inclined to sup¬ 
pose, that this was rather due to some eplzooti- 
cal (epidemical) iuliuence, chancing to recur for 
an unusual number of seasons in succession, 
than to anything peculiar in the soil, climate or 
oilier natural circumstances, 
CLARK & HOLLEY’S PAULAB MERINOS, ORWELL, VT. 
GOT BY EDSON BIRCHARD’S ROBINSON RAM OCT OF EWES OF THE ROBINSON FLOCK, GRAND 
DAMS BRED BY MR. ROBINSON. 
the Committee, and weighed by B. F. Dana, H. M 
Arms and L. R. White. 
Block Tin Pipe Leaden-Cased.—M auy people are 
afraid, and it may be with good reason, of the lvad, 
even poisonous effects of lead pipe; but this is free 
of that damage. A lead pipe, lined heavily with block 
tin, is made at the foot of West 27th St., New York, 
by Colwells. Shaw & Willard, by a patented pro- 
teee. It is highly commended by Prof. Draper, Dr. 
Antisell, and other men of science and skill, and is 
turned out in large quautitlca for the uses to which 
pipe,large Bnd small are applied. It la flexible, clean 
and pure. See advertisement in this paper. 
Cattle—Soiling—Pasturing —Tn (be discussions 
of the Institute Farmers’ Club the question of pas¬ 
turing and soiling cattle was remarked upon with 
reference to their cost and advantages. J. C. Brkt- 
shxiels, North Evans, Eric Co., said where land is 
tvorth $100 per acre pasturing will not pay. If worth 
only $36 or $40 per acre soiling will not pay as well as 
pasturing. Has not the adaptability of the land for 
certain crops something to do with the solution of 
the question ? 
Fair at Oneida.— The annual Fair of the Farmers’ 
and Mechanics’ Association of the town of Lenox, 
Madison Co., wifi be held at Oneida on the 3d, 4th 
and 5th days of October. A “sweepstakes” open to 
all is offered as followsBest Stallion, for all work, 
$15; best Short -Horn, Devon and Ayrshire bulls, each 
$10; host Spanish Merino, South Downs aud Leices¬ 
ter bucks, $8 each. Competition from abroad is 
iuvited. 
THE GREAT CANADA CHEESE 
Ownees’ Names, 
Hams. : : ; : : : 
•Wiley & Bosworth 2 116 17 8 7 8X 369 7.44ft .0612 56.76 
•Edwin Piper. 2 120 8 IS S 6 12 855 6.910 .0575 63.01 
•H. & N. Locke. 4 123 20 8 6 365 6. .0487 70.78 
•P. D. Williams .... 1 74 12 1 4 880 4.078 .0551 04.58 
•Henry Sntrord .... 2 127 20 4 360 4.056 .0819 80. 
J. R. Walker. 1 113 15 4 5 J3R 860 5.ft21 .0521 87.82 
N. P. White. 1 90 12 5 15^ 370 5.887 .065! 30.90 
VtOtS. 
•C. H. Hubbard...,. 2 60 9 8 6 14V 302 5.054 .0901 89.42 
•C. II. Hubbard.2 at 0 H 5 lb 305 5.003 4)509 46,3ft 
•E. X. Pierce.3 70 HIS 4 1! 34H 4.915 .0632 55,86 
M.G. Davis. 1 50 » 4 a 865 4.562 .0773 40.30 
•M. c. Roundy. 2 62 12 8 4 ft 869 -1,522 .0728 49.80 
•O. II. Hubbard.8 28 8 10 8 4 8« 863 4.21a .(torn 60 .NJ 
*C. H Hubbard. 3 68 0 4 4 - 809 4.203 .001.8 52-77 
•c. W.Pulaller. 2 40 5 3 15k 305 3.00- ,11413 30.62 
•M.C. Roundy. 2 53 8 8 14 300 3 KR .0738 51.02 
•Arthur Williams.. 1 45 8 8 3 14 * 370 8.7M 2X25 52.49 
Mice. Wiley.1 45 ,9 3 )1R 390 3.090 .0753 \a.0h 
•M. C. Round). 2 50 7 3 10* 389 3.307 .0661 17 70 
Ltvorett IJrown.... 2 50 6 4 18 335 5.304 .IMS 30.H4 
James E. White,... 1 68 s N 4 ft 305 4.5 .0775 47.05 
I.ev ere It Brown... I 70 12 ft 4 to* 395 4,312 .0616 03.7 1 
.lame* K. Walker... 2 81 10 1 8 * 305 1.217 .0590 57-S3 
c. w. PulBlfer. 2 60 8 7 S 3 10 * :u» 4.021 .0664 51.66 
C. & L. G. Ellis. 1 45 8 8 4 1 3* 875 3.923 4WH4 la.Sli 
C. & L. G. Ellis. 1 60 8 7 S S 10* 875 3.74! .0668 5145 
It is found that the average shrinkage of Merino 
rams’ fleeces shorn "in the dirt.” is t)7 70-100 per 
cent., and of Merino ewes* fleeces is 51 32-100 per 
cent.; that of grade ewes is 52 25-100 per cent. 
In closing the report, we congratulate the Society 
upon the result of tills, our first effort in this direc¬ 
tion. Computing the jvafi’St of our scoured fleeces 
with those of other Societies show's that the breed¬ 
ers of our town make at least a respectable figure. 
For the purpose of showing to the Society the rela¬ 
tive standing of its sheep fertile production of “real 
wool,” we take the liberty to compare a few of the 
fleeces with those of the New York State Society, at 
Rochester, in 1866. The heaviest rams’ fleece of that 
Society is 6,658 lbs. scoured wool. Wu.Kr & Bos- 
worth’s fleece, above, is 7.44!) lbs., and Mr. Piper’s 
is 6.94 lbs., and Messrs. Locke’s is more thau 47-100 
of a pound heavier than any of the fourteen New York 
ram fleeces, with the one exception above. Mr. Hub¬ 
bard's heaviest ewe fleece is 64-100 of a pound heav¬ 
ier than any of the New York ewe fleeces. 
In analyzing the tablets showing the product of 
scoured wool in proportion to time of growth and 
live weight, we find the greatest weight of wool in 
one year by one pound of animal at the New York 
shearing to be .083 ora pound, Messrs Ellis’ fleece 
gives .088; Mr. Hubbard’s, .099, and Mr. Brown’s, 
In other parts of 
Steuben county, apparently no more healthily 
situated in any particular for sheep, we never 
have heard of any uncommon mortality among 
them, either when lambs or afterwurds. Fine 
wool sheep were early introduced into the 
coun¬ 
ty,and have been constantly grown there in large 
_— '—5. Our old friend Gen, Marshall has 
numbers. 
bred Merinos, in the town of Wheeler, for u great 
number of years; and he and his sou, Franklin 
J. Marshall, still ardently pursue the business. 
Grattan II. Wheeler, Esq., has long bad large, 
IVnd Monoiv» I. uho At J5, M x itTt.Dj Ctiv; j\ti r, i imtl 
others, considerable flocks of them in the same 
The extensive flock of Aaron Y. Baker, 
was commenced thirty 
Messrs. 
Wheat Chop in Europe.— It is stated in corres¬ 
pondence from London and Paris that the wheat crop 
ban been badly Injured all over Europe by protoosert 
wet weather during the harvesting period. These re¬ 
ports embrace England, France, Holland, Germany, 
Hungary, Odessa, Uallnciu and Russian Poland. 
There is one consolation connected with this and that 
is reports ol harvest failures usually exaggerate the 
loss. 
town. ’ 
Esq. of Ilaminondsport., 
or forty years since by bis father. 
Champi.in, Faulkner, Yqunolove, Ac., in the 
same vicinity, have bred Merinos for different 
periods,—but we are not informed how long. 
Mr. Arnold has an old established flock at 
Avoea, ami Mr. Robib at Savona. "We might 
much extend tills enumeration of Steuben coun¬ 
ty flocks which we have seen—some of them 
repeatedly — and we have always found them 
healthy, thrifty, and with the full ordinary pro¬ 
portion of good, strong lambs. Indeed, had we 
been called upon to name the best sheep and 
wool growing counties of the State, we should 
have placed Steuben high on the list. 
All this, however, proves nothing in regard to 
Mr. Bbundaoe’s farm, or other particular farms 
in the same neighborhood,—and whether the 
causes of his failure are natural and permanent, 
or only incidental and transient, it is perfectly 
reasonable, and perhaps expedient, that he make 
experiments in other directions. The Long 
Wool varieties are certainly not hardier or less 
subject to disease than Merinos; they will not 
herd as well or safely in large numbers; they 
require more aud better feed und care. But, If 
successfully kept, they will pay well for this 
extra feed and care; aud they may escape the 
special local diseases to which Mr. Buundage 
has found his flue wool sheep subject. In answer 
to onrcorrespondent’s inquiries we reply:—1st. 
We do consider Cotswolds and Leiccsters (i. 
e., Leieestcrs with the almost universal Cots¬ 
wold cross,) well adapted to profitable breeding 
in this State, for mutton and wool combined, in 
situations where the lands are rich, uusubject to 
drouth, and adapted to root culture,—and where 
good, city mutton markets are easily accessible. 
We presume Mr. Bkitndaue has the first requi¬ 
sites ; aud he has ready access by railroad to 
every city in the 8tate. 2d. The establishment 
of manufactures of combing wools has greatly 
increased the domestic demand for them, while 
the abrogation of the Reciprocity Treaty and 
the passage of the wool tariff, will prevent un¬ 
taxed Canada combing wools from longer 
driving onr own heavily taxed ones out of mar¬ 
ket. This will, and should, excite an increased 
demand for Long Wool sheep; and, if the tariff 
continues, will, we have no doubt, render it prof¬ 
itable to raise choice ones “ to sell for breeding 
purposes.” There is, indeed, a pretty active de¬ 
mand for them already. They are great favor- 
NEW IMPORTATION OF COTSWOLDS, 
DAIRY ITEMS, 
We have received the following letter from an 
eminent American breeder, of Windsor Locks, 
Conn., now in England: 
London, July 29,1867. 
M y Dear Sir :— * * * I have been about ten 
days In Gloucestershire, looking at Cotswold sheep, 
aud have had a good, thorough view' of ail the best 
flocks. When the sales cauie on I bought the best 
Good Buttery Cheese—To Make. —In Flint’s 
“Milch Cows and Dairy Farming” Is a com¬ 
munication from Mrs. Williams of Windsor, 
Mass., on the subject of cheese making. Hav¬ 
ing received the first premium at the Frauklin 
County Fair, it is safe to assume that she is at 
home in cheese making. She directs as follows; 
“ My cheese is made from one day’s milk of 
tweuty-nine cows. I strain the night’s milk 
into a tub, skim it in the morning, and melt 
the cream in the morning’s milk; I warm the 
night’s milk, so that with the morning's m ilk , 
when mixed together, it will be at the tempera¬ 
ture of ninety-six degrees; then add rennet suf¬ 
ficient to turn it in thirty minutes. Let it stand 
about half or three-quarters of an hour; thCH 
cross it off and let it stand about thirty minutes, 
working upon it very carefully with a skimmer. 
When the curd begins to settle, dip off the whey, 
and heat it up and pour it on again at a temper¬ 
ature of one. hundred and two degrees. After 
draining off and cutting up, add a teacup of salt 
to fourteen pounds. The process of making 6«ge 
cheese is the same as the other, except adding 
the juice of the sage in a small quantity of milk.” 
Dairymen's Convention — Canada. — On the 
31st of July from two to three hundred persons 
assembled at Iugersoll, Oxford county, Canada, 
for the purpose of forming a dairymen’s associ¬ 
ation similar to those existing iu this State. An 
association was formed, of which C. E. Chad¬ 
wick, Esq. of Iugersoll, was chosen President. 
Twenty-one Vice Pres’ts were chosen. James 
Noxon was made Secretary and K, A. Janes, 
Treasurer. An address of an hour’s duration 
was umde by X. A. WiLLABd, E6q. of Herkimer, 
which elicited marked and warm approval. 
Speeches were also made by F. W. Clash of 
the Canada Farmer, Hon. David Reesor, Messrs. 
Faulkner and Harrington of this State, and 
several Canadian gentlemen. The movement 
seems to have commenced anspieiously, and 
will no doubt eventuate in good to the dairying 
interests of Canada. 
Little Fails Cheese Market. —The Utica Herald 
reports that cheese sales were a little more 
brisk on Monday, August 13th, but no ad¬ 
vance of prices over those of the previous week 
was obtained. The delivery was wholly from 
farm dairies, and of an average character and 
sold at from 11 cts. to 13 cts.—the latter the 
extreme for best grades. Several lots of factory- 
made were sold recently at au average of 13).y cts. 
A considerable purchase of Lewis county facto¬ 
ry, for parties in Loudon, was reported at 14 ets. 
The Herald is of the opinion that the dry weath¬ 
er prevalent in the dairy regions for some weeks 
past must materially diminish the cheese pro¬ 
duct. At present rates of cheese the business of 
manufacturing is considered a losing one. 
The Kansas Farmer.— In the last issue of the 
Kansas Farmer, John S. Brown bows himself out of 
the editorehip and George A. Crawford salaams 
himself in as corresponding editor, while Geoiuje T. 
Anthony assumes the chair vacated by Mr. Brown. 
Mr. C. mildly insinuates that the people ol Kansas 
spend too much time on politics, Indians and grass¬ 
hoppers, and too little in profitable enterprises. 
Cotswold ram lias sold for this year. 1 paid 130 
guineas, gold, for him here, which will make him cost 
lie w r as bred by 
and cot by his 
out of a ewe got by 
the ram that won the first prize at the Royal Shew at 
Worcester, in 1863, ami is of the best Cotswold blood. 
1 also bought two other rams, 
at home, in greenbacks, over $1,000, 
Robert Gaunk, Northleach, Eng. 
celebrated ram “ The Emperor, 
A Good Team .— 1 The Fredonla Censor states that 
a span of horses belonging to Messrs. White & Ellis, 
tanners at Laoua, drew at one load from Dunkirk to 
the former place, a load of hides weighing teu thou¬ 
sand two hundred and four pounds J Fivo tons and 
over is a pretty tall load for a span of horses to draw- 
several miles during the hot weather prevalent last 
week. 
I purchased of Mr. 
Garne ten ewes that were sent In June—ten to go in 
September—and ten a little later 
I have carefully 
exaininod all the best sheep here, and 1 like his blood 
and style the best for our country. His sale of 
fifty rams at auction brought an average of about 
£25. There have been over four thousand Cotswold 
rams let and sold this summer in the hills, at a price 
from £5 to £180. A great many are used to cross for 
mutton and iambs. I am in hopes to get mine out 
safely, and they will make my Cotswold flock some¬ 
thing over two hundred, all bred directly from the 
best flocks in England. 
Yours respectfully. 
Cattle Disease.—A disease, resembling in its 
symptoms the Rinderpest of Europe, has appeared 
in Bucks Co., Pa., confined principally to two sections 
of Salisbury township. Several cattle have been 
attacked, and several deaths resultod therefrom. The 
cause of its appearing there is referred to a drove of 
cattle from Philadelphia which passed through that 
place. 
Petroleum for Fuel,—a Board of Naval Engi¬ 
neers has becD experimenting in Boston with crude 
petroleum as fuel for generating steam on sea-going 
vessels. So satisfactory has been the resnlt that am 
Burdett Loomis 
Condensed Correspondence, Items, &c 
SPRINGFIELD (VT.) WOOL SCOURING, 
Winner of the Bronze Medal.—Richard Rich¬ 
ards, Racine, Wis, exhibited a fleece of wool at the 
Paris Exposition, and was awarded a bronze medal, 
no informs ns that it was one of the fleeces, samples 
of which were favorably noticed in this paper June 
9th, I860. Mr. Richards has received the following 
letter from J. W. Hott, Esq., Secretary of the Wis. 
State Agricultural Society, and Pres’t Wie. Com. to 
Paris Exposition, dated at Paris, July loth, 1867: 
“T am pleased to be able to inform you that in a 
contest with competitors from all parte of the world, 
you have won a Bronze Medal on your Meriuo wool. 
The fleece was very much admired by the best judges, 
and bad it. been in place earlier so that the Jurors 
could have seen it before their decision was already 
more than half made, it is highly probable that the 
silver or even the gold medal would have been yours. 
Iu view of all the circumstances the result is very 
highly creditable to you. and you may well be proud 
of the award. If you desire you are at liberty to pub¬ 
lish my letter.” 
We have received from C. Horace Hubbard, 
Esq., President of Springfield (Vt.) Agricultural 
Society, the following report of the Committee 
on Scoured Fleeces appointed by that Society 
It is a highly creditable one to the wool grow¬ 
er of the region. President Hubbard scuds us 
a sample of the scoured wool, to enable us to 
judge whether the scouring was properly per¬ 
formed. It looks very clean, but we can form 
no definite opinion from a single small sample. 
It is the better way generally, we think, for the 
manufacturer to state his process of cleansing to 
the public. 
report. 
The Committee appointed to superintend the shear¬ 
ing and scouring of fleeces have attended to the duty 
assigned them. The sheep, twenty-six in number, 
were all shorn in public, April 25th, 1867—the owners 
making certificates under oath of the time aud man¬ 
ner of previous shearing, &c, The sheep were weieh- 
Decrease of the Revenue.— The N. Y. Herald 
publishes the returns of the internal taxes assessed 
on manufactures in the principal districts of New 
York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Massachusetts 
for the present year As compared with 1866 there is 
a falling off of quite 40 per cent. 
Steuben County Fair.— The Committee on Regu¬ 
lations for the Steuben County Fair, to be held at 
Bath Sept. 25th—27th, extend an imitation to clergy¬ 
men and editors of public journals to be present on 
the occasion. They will please report themselves to 
the Secretary. 
Potatoes in Fifty-Six DAvs.-Thc Woonsocket 
(R. I.) Patriot mentions having received some fair- 
sized Zebeck potatoes grown from seed in the open 
field 56 days from planting. The ground was surface- 
manured, but none was put in the hills. 
Life Members. —The following persons have be¬ 
come Life Members of the N. Y. State Sheep Breed¬ 
ers' and Wool Growers’ Association, since last report: 
Stephen Francis, .Bristol, N. Y. 
James Bush, ..Jamesville. N. Y. 
J. N. & D. D, Johnson, . . Ovid, N. Y. 
William Haynes, .Hoosick. N. Y. 
E. Hunger, ...Tyre. N. Y. 
Alva Freeman .Scipio, N. Y. 
Wm. H. Hibbard .Cortland, N. T. 
Geokge H. Chase, .Union Springe N. Y* 
John Lynch, .West. Brighton, N. Y. 
S. L. Stephens, .Greenwich, N. Y. 
J. D. Wing, .Washington, N. Y. 
The Riverside Magazine for June comes from 
Hurd & Houghton, New York, fresh and bright with 
stories, poems, pictures, and facts to delight and in¬ 
struct the “young people,” not void of interest for 
’•children of larger growth,” even. 
Ohio State Fair.— We have received a fine poster 
of the Ohio State Fair, to be held at Dayton, com¬ 
mencing on the 23d of September and to continue 
five days. > 
