pru R e 
AGFUCULTURfSI 
TERMS 
PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT 
[SINGLE NO 
ROCHESTER, N. Y-FOR THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY 
ESTABLISHED IN 1850, 
RURAL FARMERS’ CLUB 
tingulshed by its dark colored seed, which fur¬ 
nishes a sweet oil, very wholesome and used 
largely as a salad oil either pure or mixed with 
olive oil. Opium is the thickened juice of the 
White Poppy. Incisions are made in the head, 
or ovary, when it is in a green state, from which 
milky juice exudes. This juice dries and hard- 
MOORE’S RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
AM ORIGINAL WBRKLT 
AGRICULTURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER, 
E. E., Montezuma, N. Y., urges the organiza¬ 
tion of a Farmers’ Club in every town, for the 
purpose of benefiting farmers by the discussion 
of topics touching tbeir interests, and to advance 
these and protect themselves from the encroach¬ 
ments of other classes by co-operation in politi¬ 
cal action. He thinks one energetic yonng far¬ 
mer in each town could easily perfect such an 
organization, and have it in motion by the first 
of 1868. We believe in Farmers’ Clubs every¬ 
where, but let them beware of purely political 
questions. They would be apples of discord. 
stores are being erected. Three tri weekly lines 
of mail stages leave this town for Fort Scott, 
Kausus, Humboldt, Kansas, via "Old Catholic 
Mission,” and to Neosha City, Missouri. Also 
a weekly stage to Fort Gibson, Cherokee Nation. 
Application has been made for a tri-weekly mail 
route (stage) to Carthage, Mo. 
A little over a year ago this was the home of 
the red man; to-day the center of travel as well 
as of commerce for the south-western frontier 
We would call it “the hub of the universe,” bad 
not that name already been monopolized by that 
“slow old coach,” Boston, Mass. Twelve 
months ago there was not an improved farm In 
sight of town. Now, nearly every quarter-sec¬ 
tion for miles around is occupicd-not by the 
mere squatter, but is being improved by an in¬ 
telligent, enterprising, (enterprise in the West 
means "business,”) hard-working population, 
iron Anullvt A I. . . 
CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE, 
With an Able Corps of Assistants and Contributors, 
HON. HENRY S. RANDALL. LL. D., Editor of the De- 
partment of Sheep Husbandry. 
HON. T. C. PETERS, late President. N. T. State Az'l 
Boclety, Southern Corresponding Editor. 
GLEZKN F. WILCOX, Associate Editor. 
IMPLEMENTS-CLOD CRUSHER. 
Tub last quarter of a century has been very- 
productive in new and Improved Implements of 
agriculture. The mower and reaper, horse fork 
nod rake, &c., have almost arrived at perfection. 
The plow has undergone many modifications 
and attempts have been made to supersede It 
with a rotary implement, which should more 
finely disintegrate and pulverize the soil, and 
also require less power to perform the same 
amount of labor. In this line, we have had 
Gums’ Rotary Spader, the 'Evans’ machine, 
somewhat similar to Samhklson’s English Fork¬ 
ing Machine, aud lastly, Comstock’s Spader. 
The lust two uro said to work well, where there 
is not too much stubble or rubbish on the sur¬ 
face to bo buried. Comstock’s spader was used 
and commended by Mr. Suluvant in Illinois; 
but still thore seems to be some Imm'iU,.u 
Thu Rusal Nkw-Yorkbr la designed to be nnanr- 
passed In Value, Purity, and Variety of Contents. Its 
Conductor earnestly labors to render the Rural a Kell- 
able Guide on all the Important Practical, Scientific and 
—— those 
As a Family 
Filtering Cisterns. 
Mbs. H. A. B., Barker's Corners, (what State?) 
asks how to construct a filtering cistern, and 
whether one is preferable to a well for furnishing 
water for family use. 
If good, pure spring water can be obtained, 
we should prefer it to cistern water for family 
use. There are various ways of making filtering 
cisterns, but they difl'er mostly in detail and lit¬ 
tle in principle. A large cask, bolding say a 
hundred gallons, may be placed above the cistern, 
xud the water passed through it before it enters 
the reservoir. Fill the cask two-thirds full of 
clean gravel, mixed with some ebareoal, and let 
the pipe leading lrorn the bottom be covered 
with a strainer, and you have a very complete 
filter, which may be readily cleaned and refilled 
atany time without disturbing the contents of the 
cistern. We illustrate another method of filter¬ 
ing cisterns which perhaps will suit the majority 
of people better. 
other Subjects connected with tbc business of 
whose Interests It zealously advocates. 
Journal It Is eminently Instructive and Entertaining— 
being so conducted tbat It can be safely takeD to the 
Homes of people of Intel llgence, taste and discrimination. 
It embraces more Agricultural, llortlcultnrai, Scientific, 
Educational, Literary and Newa Matter, Interspersed 
with appropriate engravings, than any other Journal,— 
rendering it by far the most complete Agricultural, 
Litrrak i and Family Nrwspaprk In America. 
ISr*FoR Terms and other particulars see last page. 
Beason on soil hastily and imperfectly prepared, 
or wait until a later period and expend more 
moor in the preparation of the seed bed, let him 
decide in favor of lute sowing and thorough 
preparation. Under most circumstances early 
sovving is of no advantage, and often it is highly 
injurious. The supposed benefit to be derived 
from it is a large fall growth, and strong rooted 
plants which can endure the winter. But it is 
not always the largest growth of top in the 
wheat plant in the full which makes the best 
root. Early sown wheat may have its growth, 
by means of warm, wet weather, thrown largely 
to the top and less to the root, than is desirable, 
and in this case will not come through the wia- 
ter as well as that sown later, when the coal 
weather is favorable to root growth and healthy 
development of leaf. We do not advise late 
sowing on poorly prepared ground, and that 
which is too much impoverished. Sow early on 
such soil if you must sow it in poor condition. 
But it is preferable to defer the seeding a week 
or two, aud, in the meantime, till and manure 
the land. A top dressing of manure or straw, 
alter the sowing, is worth more for winter pro¬ 
tection than a large development of the plant 
leaf; and Western farmers that are in the habit 
of burning large quantities of straw might find 
better use lor it in shielding their wheat fields. 
This year the Hessian Uy has injured the wheat 
crap to a greater extent than usual. Early sow¬ 
ing induces tbeir attack. Very early sowing 
followed by a warm autumn sometimes causes 
the seed stalk to start before winter stops the < 
growth of the plant, and thus a portion of its ’ 
strength is wasted. We do not advocate ex- i 
tremes either way in sowing wheat, but first, a t 
thorough proportion of the soil, then the choos- 8 
The White I’oppy is suppos* t ? he a native 
of A.sia, though it Is nowhere found in a wild 
state. Its cultivation was known to the Greeks, 
and Arab authors of ancient, date have described 
it. The llowers are usually red of different tints. 
Ihe Poppy might be profitably cultivated for Its 
Beed, of which it yields an abundance, but the 
opium business requires cheap labor. 
The partition A divides the cistern, d, d, d, into 
two portions; it is pierced at the bottom with 
several apertnres and low walls, b, b, built up 
on both sides. The spaces e, c, between the 
low walla and the partition, are filled with fine 
charcoal and gravel. The water is let into one 
side, Hows through this filter into the other 
and Is drawn theuee clean and clear. The pack¬ 
ing mtist be renewed occasionally and the cistern 
cleaned. 
liens —A Pont-Morieui I.n 
nearly per cent, Ihe total number of 
pounds for 1860 was 1,033,783, showing an aver¬ 
age. yield per acre of 1,153 pounds. This does 
not show a fair average, because Hop Yards were 
badly winter-killed during the winter of ’65~’66, 
and our returns many of them show as low us BOO 
pOundB to 400 pounds per acre, while the aver¬ 
age of some towns is as high as 1,600 pounds. I 
We have never been troubled with louse, and 
our vine as yet has always been perfectly free 
from disease, so tbat the intire crop produced in 
| the county heretofore has been a prime hop. 
This year (1867) we estimate the crop of Sauk 
county at over three mdllon pounds, or 16,000 
to 17,000 bales. The nunber of acros of roots 
sold in the spring of 1867 to go out of the county, 
was 3,000 acres, most of which were planted in 
other parts of the State. Wc estimate that 
Sauk county this yeai (1867) will gTow two- 
thirds of the total amount grown In the State, 
which total we think wJl reach 35,000 bales, and 
that next year the growth of Sauk county will 
exaeed 85,000 bales, slid for the whole State 
about 65,000 bales. At this date our vine is 
thrifty, of -vigorous growth, good strong lateral 
branches, hop foijtnet in all the yards, and In 
The engraver has made such wretched work 
that the reader may require telling there is a 
joint where the left hand bolt Is shown, between 
the haudle and the piece that lifts the wagon. 
Mixing Hay and Mtruw in the Mow. 
T . n. Outwits, Clinton, Mich., writes on this 
Bubject as follows:—"In the summer of’66,1 
wrote to the Rural concerning the practice of 
some farmers in this vicinity of mixing straw 
with new hay when the latter Is put In tliemow. 
They are put In in alternate layers, aud there Is 
no doubt that the dry straw, acting as an absorb¬ 
ent, will permit the hay to be put in greener, less 
dry, than it otherwise could be, with acertaiu 
impunity from heating and mold. I have heard 
it said by some that the straw will be us n-ood as 
TURNIPS AMONG CBOPS - STORING. 
Is the first place know that your seed is good 
grow It yourself if possible, and use nothing but 
the strap leaf—either white or red topped—varie¬ 
ties. Immediately after the last cultivation sow 
broadcast from a half to one pound per acre. 
Have throe boys—one at each end of the rows 
with hoes cutting weeds, &c. The other on a 
! horse, hitched to a small armful of brush ■ star* 
him through on the trot, If you wish, and as he 
comes to the end the boy with the hoe takes up 
the brush and throws it Into the next row, nad 
so on to the end of ten aeres in half a day. A 
half pound of good seed is sutfleient for au acre- 
and in order to seed it evenly, 1 estimate what 
part of an acre five rows across the field are, and 
then take that part of the seed I wish to put on 
the acre, measuring with a spoon or small tin 
box, and mix it thoroughly with sufficient fine 
soil to scatter easily on the strip. The turnip 
Notes From Kansas. 
Messrs. Ingraham & Hyland send us the 
following notes from Baxter Springs, Cherokee 
Co., Kansas:—"We ire now favored with the 
regular visits of our old acquaintance, the indis¬ 
pensable Rural Ne^- Yorker, the best (we 
think) fami iy papier. One year ago no newspaper 
bad ever been taker in this section of country. 
To-day every class i& represented here. One 
year ago this town contained three cabins only. 
To-day there arc two hotels, four dry-goods 
stores, one drug store, one tin shop, a boot and 
shoe shop, ahamest Bhop, and two good schools 
Mrs II E Evans 
