make uso of the stronger. His purpose will be 
completely answered; be will have infused a 
tone and vigor umong his stock; they will keep 
their propensity to fatten, and rc-acquire that 
health and hardiness which they used to exhibit. 
Then the farmer Is enabled to go on satisfac¬ 
torily tor a certain number of years, when ex¬ 
perience tells him that a stimulus in the form of 
a little foreign blood is again wanted. Careful 
selection, with judicious and cautious admix¬ 
ture, is the true secret of forming and improving 
a breed.” 
1 know from experience and personal observa¬ 
tion that this is all true, and I also know that 
most of the talk about many hogs being too fat 
to breed is sheer nonsense. I have now pigs 
from pairs of hogs that will not weigh less than 
1,700 or 1,800 pounds. The pigs are now four 
and live weeks old, and look finely. They came 
in litters of 8 to 18, which 1 think enough. I 
admit that hogs may be too fat to breed, but 
while they do breed and breed well, they are not 
too fat. And I believe it necessary that they 
should be fleshy, and kept so—never allowed to 
run down in order to secure a breed that will 
run to flesh, as like will produce like in a well 
bred animal, and flesh will become natural. 
A. C. Clarke. 
Ilendcreon, Jeff. Co., N. Y., Sept. 10,1867. 
t| DtisBaafurg. 
EDITED BY HENRY S. RANDALL, LL. D. 
THE FALL AND WINTER MANAGEMENT 
OF SHEEP. 
Lambs are weaned before this, in all well man¬ 
aged flocks. Now is the time to prepare them 
for winter. They should be kept growing every' 
day. There is a difference of opinion whether 
they will do best on old pasture, or on the after 
growth of meadows and new-seeded stubbles. 
Our opinion is that they will do well enough on 
either, provided there is an abundance of lresh, 
sweet feed. If put on old pastures, they should 
be those which have been well fed down, and 
then allowed to start up fresh aud green. It is 
the opinion of most successful flock masters 
that as soon as the grass begins to be rendered 
innutritions by frost, it is expedient to give tegs 
a little extra feed. They grow finely on pump¬ 
kins or roots. Wheat bran is one of the very 
best feeds for them, and it cau be mixed with a 
few oats as the grass grows poorer. 
It is a decided mistake however, in our judg¬ 
ment, to pamper tegs in the fall, if fed high at 
this season, they feel their winter feed lees; and 
it must be increased to an extent which renders 
their wintering less safe. We have, it is true, 
seen many u floek of them very highly kept in 
winter which went through “splendidly,” and 
were of the size of ordinary two-year oUl» at 
their first shearing. Indeed, this is Uie ordinary 
course of those w'ho breed tegs to sell at high 
prices. With great care and judgment, and 
especially in tonal! flocks, It may ordinarily be 
sale enough—but we have known too many 
severe disasters to grow out of the practice not 
to caution the mass of sheep growers against it, 
We esteem pampering sheep at any age, except 
when they arc being fattened to kill, injurious— 
and especially so before they reach their second 
year. Their natural habits are unfitted to it, 
and their constitutions will not safely bear it. 
When they are appearing best, the destroyer 
sometimes comes so suddenly and fatally as to 
defy all discovery of proximate causes and baffle 
all remedial measures. 
We have a striking case in our mind’s eye. An 
uncle of the writer, the late Wm. Randall, Esq., 
was a large wool grower—his flocks often reach¬ 
ing 10 , 000 , and sometimes considerably more. 
Ilia appointments were admirable, and a man 
of sounder practical judgment we never knew. 
He understood sheep perfectly. His head shep¬ 
herd-possessing the strength, will and capacity 
to work, of three common men, thoroughly ex¬ 
perienced in his business and faithful as day¬ 
light—had the winter charge of the sheep, saw 
every floek daily, and fed all of them their win¬ 
ter grain. So no care or skill was wanting. 
Some twenty-five years since, his tegs, several 
hundreds in number, went into winter uncom¬ 
monly large and fleshy. On u bright day in Feb¬ 
ruary we joined the shepherd in his swift gallop 
from sheep barn to sheep barn “over the flats.” 
Everything was in the usual first rate order. 
Every sheep looked healthy. The tegs were a 
sight to see. They looked almost as large as 
grown sheep, aud were us fat as wethers ready 
for the butcher. We saw them fed their grain, 
and it. was half a pint of good sound corn to the 
head! We asked the shepherd if he had been 
in the habit of feeding thus, in other seasons. 
“ No,” he replied, “ but they are so extra that 
your uncle is going to see what he can do with 
them.” The ides of March came. He then 
found what he could not do with them, viz: 
save their lives. Some of them, from apparent 
good health, would stagger a few stops, fall 
and die. Some would leap into the air or twist 
roimd their heads and fall in the death struggle. 
Medicine was of no avail. There w as scarcely 
time to give it between the attaclc and death. 
We do not remember the number of deaths, but 
it was very large. Those wiseacres who have 
about three uarnes for all the diseases which 
sheep are heir to, cried out, of course, “grub 
in the head.” William Randall knew better 
than that. We asked him once what he thought 
about it. He replied, with a significant look, 
that “he guessed they had the corn diseased' 
In other words, they hud eaten too much corn ! 
They died of “ grub in the belly.” 
Corn, by thu way, is fed on the stalk very 
lreely, almost or quite as much as they will eat, 
to sheep of all ages, in the W est—aud, it. would 
seem, safely enough. A stnall allowance of shell¬ 
ed corn is esteemed good feed here in some cases; 
hut to give it extra quantities, and especially to 
tegs, is not regarded us prudent and safe by a 
great majority of New York and other eastern 
flock-masters. Whether there is any difference 
between the large corn of the West and the 
small, solid, yellow corn of the East, in this 
particular—whether the free, open-air manage¬ 
ment of the West has any effect*—or what other 
cause operates ip producing such different re¬ 
sults, w r e will not now make a subject of specu¬ 
lation. 
For both the fall and winter feed of tegs we 
prefer, among the grains, oats and bran. Both 
(unlike com) tend to the production of muscle 
(lean meat) instead of fat, and therefore promote 
growth instead of unnecessary obesity. They 
afford aliment in a lees concentrated and There¬ 
fore less stimulating form. They arc, in popu¬ 
lar pliraze, less “heating” aud less “feverish” 
feed, i. e M they do not so much predispose the 
system to inflammatory tendencies and attacks. 
If fed separately, equivalents of them in weight 
are probably about equivalents in nutriment— 
but we much like the plan of feeding them 
mixed, say one part oats to two of bran: and 
to Merino tegs well brought into the winter, a 
gill of bran and half a gill of oats, per bead, with 
a little green feed (say a gill of turnips,) with a 
full allow ance of bright, fine, early cut hay , ought, 
under ordinary circumstances to he a sufficient 
daily allowance for “ store ” tegs in winter. By 
“store” tegs we mean those not fitted up to 
sell, or show at fairs, or raise “ brag fleeces 
from — but those intended to be kept in the 
flock for regular wool growing purposes. 
Fine, green, early cut aud well cured hay is 
almost indispensable in wintering tegs. No 
grain or root feed can properly supply the want 
of It. We would rather winter tegs on it with¬ 
out any grain, than on coarse, dry, over ripe 
timothy, with any amount of grain and roots. 
We esteem fine, red clover , cured “as green as 
tea,” a very important, if not necessary Ingredi¬ 
ent in hay for tegs. We would prefer to have it 
form from a third to a half of the mow. 
The Woburn experiments of Sinclair, by de¬ 
monstrating that m arly ripe timothy contains 
more nutriment tnaa when it is cut earlier, 
handed down a legacy of evil to the sheep 
breeders of our country —If not indeed to the 
breeders of all stock, unless perhaps horses, 
mules and asses. .Sheep farmers are learning 
that nutriment must be presented in a form 
palatable enough to be eaten! 
Cold, severe autumn rains benefit no sheep, 
and are pereeptibi.y injurious tojtegs, especially 
if they are thin and backward. When these 
rains begin to fall, the tegs should be brought 
near the barn, and run in during their continu¬ 
ance and as winter approaches, also during cold, 
raw nights. If kept up more thun half a day, 
they should be fed bay in a rack. But. wc bad 
rather they should remain out. of doors than to 
be crowded Suto some little, stinking (that we 
sliould use such a word !) hole, with mud orwet. 
dung up to their fetlocks, and there staud fast¬ 
ing for twelve or twenty-four hours. 
It is useless to talk about ventilation, and per¬ 
fect dryness under foot, iu a sheep shelter of any 
description. These topics are stale. But we 
suspect some men who are not used to it in their 
own houses, do not know what proper ventila¬ 
tion is. We propose the following tests : When 
a night’s confinement of the flock in the sheep 
house produces even a slightly disagreeable ani¬ 
mal smell, or a temperature above GO degrees, 
the house is not properly ventilated. 
But there arc two points on which we wish to 
take very serious counsel with our readers— 
namely, the degree of confinement to which 
tegs and breeding ewes sliould be subjected iu 
winter, and the importance of their receiving 
green Iced. Diseases are Increasing iu our 
(locks. Tegs die unaccountably under what is 
esteemed good management. It is getting to 
be unusual for a farmer to raise good larnb 
drops for any considerable number of years in 
succession. Goitred lambs, or miserably unde¬ 
veloped and feeble ones, are common. It did 
not use to be so. We can speak “ by the card” 
on this topic,—for we have been a sheep owner 
steadily fifty-six years—i. e., the whole period of 
our life. 
If we look to the care given our sheep for the 
causes of these maladies, they are, taking all 
kinds, more cared for than formerly. They, 
as a whole, are better sheltered. They arc 
fed quite as good and wholesome feed. They 
arc no more crowded into great masses than for¬ 
merly. Nobody thinks of putting them on low, 
wet land, or other known unhealthy situations. 
Greatly more attention is given to new dropped 
lambs, if we except the breeders Of the Saxons 
whilst that feeble variety were in vogue. 
Whence, then, the change ? 
Five years since, we believe it was, we gave 
our answer to this question in the Country Gen¬ 
tleman. It was repeated iu the Practical Shep¬ 
herd, and has again and ugaiu been reiterated in 
those columns. It was that our sheep do not 
receive sufficient green feed and exercise iu win¬ 
ter,—that our breeding ewes, in au especial man¬ 
ner,are too much confined to dry feed tim ing the 
period of gestation, nnd that, when pampering 
is practiced, it adds materially to the injurious- 
uess of the preceding conditions. The sheep, iu 
its natural state, is a restless, roaming animal, 
like the deer and the goat, accustomed to range 
for its food and loving to scale the mountain and 
the rock iu pursuit of it. In Spain this travel¬ 
ing was kept up. Its best flocks were driven, on 
the average, 800 miles a year, going aud return¬ 
ing between its southern provinces and the 
mountains. They got green feed every day in 
the year. They got. nothing else, and were 
never, therefore, pampered. If they suffered 
from those special diseases which we have men¬ 
tioned as now affecting their descendants in this 
* We are inclined to think that the exercise and 
green feed (grussi generally obtained in winter bv 
the prairie sheep have a great Influence in counter¬ 
acting the injurious effect; of such stimulating food. 
country, we are not aware of the fact. Our 
sheep library, once embracing a large number 
of standard foreign works, is now scattered,— 
for we gave them to friends who eould not else¬ 
where obtain them. But among all of these— 
many of them treating very fnlly on the Spanish 
Merinos, and writteu by persons who had care¬ 
fully studied their characteristics in Spain,—we 
do not remember one which described them as 
subject hi these diseases; and we feel very cer¬ 
tain, not only tnat we should now remember the 
fact if it were so, but that we should have pub¬ 
lished it in our works on sheep, the earlier ones 
of which were written with these authorities 
under our eye. You ATT, the most copious of 
veterinary authors, mentions nothing of the 
kind, nor doe- our own well-informed Living¬ 
ston, who prepared a work on Merinos soon 
after their ii.tr tiou into this country, ex¬ 
pressly for popular information ; and his work 
has a chapter devoted to their diseases and 
remedies. 
We have not heard of these maladies in Aus¬ 
tralia, wheiL* the sheep travel much for their 
feed and get green Iced the year round. The 
same is true of Texas. We know of no country 
in which the same conditions exist, In which 
these or other constitutional diseases are com¬ 
mon. On the other hand, we know of no coun¬ 
try where sheep are confined to dry feed and 
close quarters during a considerable portion of 
the year, in which they are habitually free from 
serious and fatal constitutional maladies, most 
of which, too, are liable, under unfavorable cir¬ 
cumstances, to become desolating epizootics, 
And we know of no pampered race of sheep— 
those which are prematurely forced forward and 
constantly kept fat by high keep—which arc not, 
even without reference to the conditions previ¬ 
ously stated, subject to frequent and fatal mala¬ 
dies. The reader will observe that we only 
attempt to state what we have heard, and what 
we know or do not know, without attempting to 
say that there are not exceptions to our asser¬ 
tions. If there are exceptions, wo would he glad 
to learn where they exist. 
Iu the above respects, sheep but exemplify 
laws which, to a greater or less extent, affect 
most, if not all, of the animal creation, and Il¬ 
lustrate the natural and inevitable consequences 
of violating those laws. Man, not being purely 
a herbivorous animal like the sheep, the analogy 
between them in regard to the necessity of eat¬ 
ing green vegetables is imperfect,—but too con¬ 
tinuous a deprivation of these Is hurtful even to 
man, and they form a part of his most healthful, 
regular diet. The want of exercise is fatal to the 
integrity of the human body and to the healthy 
performance ol its luuetions. Pampering, or 
excess of food, particularly of rich food, is 
equally destructive to the human system. Each 
of these bad causes acts as au auxiliary to the 
others, without losing any of Us own individual 
force; and.accordingly, vrtica thtj me united, 
the progre- - of physical degeneration Is raptd, 
the seeds of disease arc both “ planted ” and 
“ watered and premature death becomes In¬ 
evitable. 
The highly Injurious and dangerous effects of 
abstinence from usual exercise, and excess of 
rich, stimulating food, to the pregnant human 
female, we have on a previous occasion shown 
to be au established conclusion among the most 
eminent medical authorities. In fact, nobody 
disputes it. Aud if common sense does not 
show, common observation certainly does, that 
the same rifle applies to pregnant females among 
brutes. Cau the mare or sow be treated thus 
with impunity to herself and her offspring ? 
Thnt the sheep cannot, the miserable, feeble, 
diseased lambs, now so often produced by natu¬ 
rally hardy, healthy dams, are giving convincing 
proofs. 
Now as the winter approaches, let our sheep 
farmers prepare, by making each sheep yard or 
stable open on a separate field, to break up that 
system of unnatural confinement which is so 
dangerous to tegs, so injurious to breeding 
ewes, and so fatal to their progeny. Walking 
at least a mile a day would highly benefit tegs 
and breeding ewes, until an advanced period of 
pregnancy, wheu less would suffice. Where a 
store, of roots has not been provided for winter 
use, arrange to let the sheep pick a little daily at 
gross, when the weather permits,— or, if the 
earth is long covered deeply with srow, either 
buy roots or draw proper browse frequently— 
once a week if practicable—into the sheep in- 
elosures. 
Are we asked if we suppose the treatment we 
recommend will prevent the teg aud lamb mala¬ 
dies under consideration. Doubtless not—cer¬ 
tainly not at once,—for the results of a vicious 
system once inbred, cannot be immediately re¬ 
moved. And, furthermore, all know that the 
best possible habits are not a sure safeguard 
against prevalent diseases. But all equally well 
know that such habits are the most efficient pre¬ 
ventives of disease, and that bad habits produce 
or imite it. 
Many sheep farmers who had previously prac¬ 
ticed the contrary system, have begun, within 
the last three or four years, to give their sheep 
exercise and green feed in winter. We know of 
hundreds of such cases and their results. In 
nearly every instance the evil has been more or 
less alleviated,—in many, promptly removed or 
cured. We know of no intelligent and continu¬ 
ous experimenter who does not think his sheep 
and their offspring healthier for the change. 
Frauds in Selling Wool in California.— The 
San Francisco Bulletin, Aug. 2d, states that extensive 
frauds have been discovered in selling lots of wool 
purchased and weighed at Red Bluff, Marysville and 
other places. They were found to h&ve lost lrom 
seven to thirteen per cent, on being again weighed at 
San Francisco, and careful investigation disclosed 
that the growers or packers at the first named places 
sprinkled water on the fleeces before haling. The 
fraud is said to be difficult to detect without carefttl 
examination. It is to be hoped the perpetrators of it 
will be adequately punished, and their names sbonld 
he published to hold them up to public contempt. 
Haisii ilrttatfmrnl. _j ,iral a ° tcs i*«w 
It - -- 
ABORT A CROCK OF BUTTER. 
Not long since a friend of ours said he had 
ordered a crock of butter, and when it came he 
would show an article of the right stamp. The 
crock came, but in transferring to the cellar, it 
got badly broken, involving the necessity of a 
new one and the labor of re-packing. But what 
of the butter ? Was the boast of its being of 
the “right stamp” made good? It was not. It 
failed in several respects. In the~first place, 
there was a want of uniformity in the texture 
and finish of the several layers composing the 
crock. Some of them were seamed with blue 
looking rivulets, or cavities tilled with a mot¬ 
tled liquid, showing a lack of manipulation in 
working out the buttermilk. Other portions 
were streaked with veins of undissolved salt, 
evincing great carelessness or a lack of judg¬ 
ment in the use of that article. Then, agaiu, 
there were occasional hairs, threads or strings 
meandering through the mass, all tending to de¬ 
tract from the character and value of the butter. 
These faults are too common, aud should he 
corrected, — for, of all things entering into 
family consumptio n, dirt y or poorl y manufac¬ 
tured butter is the least endurable. There is no 
excuse for these shortcomings on the part of 
butter makers. If persons in the dairy business 
lack the knowledge necessary to success, let 
them acquire it from those in possession of it. 
This can soon be done by those anxious to excel 
aud sufficiently honest to aim at doing justice 
to others. 
In putting down butter, there should be au 
effort at uniformity throughout the operation. 
This is not hard of attainment, hence a failure 
should not be imputed to bad luck, but to a neg¬ 
ligent disregard of the conditions of success. 
Work the butter clear ofthe milk to begin with. 
See that no hairs or threads meander through it. 
In salting, if in doubt as to the quantity to be 
used, prepare a pound, or less, by trial, till the 
proper quantity has been ascertained. When 
the taste is satisfied, observe the same propor¬ 
tions in successive cliurning& till the tub or 
crock is filled. The result will be a mass of 
uniform character, free from veins of milk or 
undlssolvcd salt, of hairs or strings, and fit to be 
eaten with the eyes open aud the senses of taste 
and smell active iu the performance of their 
allotted functions. 
The Cheese Market. 
The Cheese Market at Little Falls on the 9tli 
inst. is reported to have been quite active. The 
sales were principally confined to farm dairies, 
aud according to the Utica Herald, increased ani¬ 
mation was observable In all descriptions. Prices 
improved smnt- upon those of the previous 
week. Dealers from NVw y OlK, frtni m o u«• ■ I 
Canada, were in attendance. Sales of dairies 
opened at 12c. to 13}£c., going up, for certain 
lots, to lfitfc. The bulk of the sales, however, 
were made at about 14c. 
The Liverpool market reports are to Aug. 24th. 
Sales of cheese, for the week, 27,750 boxes, and 
a rather heavy market except for best descrip¬ 
tions. These showed considerable activity. 
American good, 52s.@56s, Extra fine 50s. to 60s. 
The Canadian production, owing to the pro¬ 
tracted prevalence of drouth, will fall considera¬ 
bly short of the spring estimate. The same is 
likely to prove true with respect to the States. 
A Valuable Dairy Cow. 
The Practical Farmer publishes a communi¬ 
cation from Isaac W r . Van Leer, giving an ac¬ 
count of the butter product of a grade Devon 
purchased from a drove. After her first calf 
had been sent to the butcher, she made 13 lbs. 
of butter per week on grass alone. In June, 
1866, after her third calf was disposed of, she 
was milked separately—feeding upon grass aud 
a small quantity of corn—for seven consecutive 
days, when the cream was churned and pro¬ 
duced 16}^ lbs. of high-colored and excellent 
butter. The pasture in which the cow Jwas 
kept was white clover aud blue grass, 
Milking Before Calving. 
A dairyman writes the Practical Farmer 
that the best cows he ever raised had to be 
milked several weeks before the period of calv¬ 
ing. This practice was a preventive of garget, 
aud tended to the general health ofthe animals. 
It sometimes happens that the udders of cows 
become greatly and painfully distended weeks 
before calving, aud but few persons resort to 
the sensible practice of relieving them by milk¬ 
ing. If this were practiced more there would 
probably be less complaint of garget than there 
A Large Cow. —According to the Portville 
Mirror, (Ghaut. Co.,) William F. Wheeler of 
that place has the largest cow known of in that 
region. She weighs 1,475 lbs., and gives about 
40 quarts of milk per day. 
Rusty Straw—Effects on Animals. —B. 
McClure states in the Practical Farmer that 
feeding rusty straw to cattle aud horses has 
a very injurious effect upon their health and 
efficiency. The class of diseases induced by 
this ailment are marasmus, glanders, farcy, shin 
diseases, catarrhal affections and watery swell¬ 
ings of the body and legs. He adds that daring 
the last eight months, out of 700 horses led 
upon such straw, from 45 to 50 were on the 
sick list. 
Birds and Insects of Illinois.— The Steu¬ 
ben Co. (N. Y.) Courier mentions as among the 
novelties to he exhibited at the Fair in Bath, a 
collection of over 1,000 specimens of birds and 
insects, native to the State of Hlinois, prepared 
and owned by Dr. J. Yelie of that place. 
National Trial of Plows. Ac.—a National Trial 
of Plows and Ag’l Implements, under the auspices of 
the N. Y. State Ag. Society, commenced at Utica on 
the 11th iu;t. According to our advices the entries 
were unexpectedly small In number, while the attend¬ 
ance has been far less than amlcipated. The entries 
of Plows were as follows; 
doe-' 1— A sod plow, for stiff soils, f p Hol¬ 
brook. Boston. 
Clast 2.—A plow for stubble land in stiff soils F. 
F. Holbrook, Boston, and Collins & Co., X. Y 
Class 3.—A sod plow, for sandy soils and light, loams. 
A L Brainy & Co., Trenton, N. J., F. F. Holbrook, 
Boston, Mass. 
Clast. 4.—A plow for stubble land, which will cut a 
furrow twelve inches deep, with three horses, which 
will raise the lowest soil to the surface of the furrow. 
F. F. Holbrook, and Collins & Co. 
Class 5.—A Michigan sod and trench plow. F. F, 
Holbrook. Boston. 
Claes 6.—A sub-soil plow in connection with an or¬ 
dinary plow. R. J. Wheatley, DuQnoin, Ill, 
Class 7—A ditching plow for opening drains. A. P. 
Ronft. Somerset, Va. 
Class 8.—A machine for exavating ditches for under- 
drainimr. E. Heath, FlOwerviUe, N. Y. i 
Cl at it.—A steel plow for alluvial and unctuous 
lands. Collins & Co. 
Clast lo.—A swing or side-hill plow. F. F. Hol¬ 
brook, Boston, and L. D, Burch, Sherburne. 
Several plows not entered for trial were on the 
ground, some of which attracted much attention. 
The Swivel Plow of F, F, TTolbrook was first tried, 
and, according to the Utica Herald, did pretty fair 
work Burch's Improved, or Chenango Clipper, fol¬ 
lowed and was quite a favorite. A Turf Plow, cast 
from cast-steel, entered by Collins & Co., New York 
City, performed well, and is simple in construction 
and easily repaired. A novel Snb-s oiler was operated 
byR. J. W heatlet, I1L The “Universal” Plow—so 
named because adapted to all kinds of plowing—by 
F. r. Holbrook, cutting a furrow from ten to fifteen 
inches deep and from ten to sixteen wide, at the op¬ 
tion of the plowman, received much commendation. 
The Remington Steel Plow, called the Valley Plow, 
performed very well, turning the sod quite as perfect¬ 
ly as the noted Michigan Plow. On the second day 
four Stubble Plows were tried, those of Mr. Hol¬ 
brook of Boston, and Collins & Co., of Connecticut. 
The first was the Sod Plow, used the previous day, 
divested of its skimmer attachment, the game as the 
“ Universal,” and performed well In stubble, as it did 
also In tnrf. 
The dynamometer tests took place on the second 
day, but the result had not been made public at our 
latest advices. The attendance was small and the 
interest manifested but of an indifferent character. 
The entries of Harrows and Cultivators waB com¬ 
paratively small. They were:—W m. n. Burtis & 
Co., Watertown N. Y„ one In each class; J. E. Mor¬ 
gan. Deerfield, one: Fowlard House, Oneonta, N. 
Y., two-horse Cultivator: N. Nisuwrrz. Wiltauisbugh, 
N. Y., Pulverizing Harrow-; N. Hours, Appleton, 
Maine, one-horse Cultivator; Brown, Skikiibuung & 
Co., Masstlan. Ohio, a Shovel Plow nnd Cultivator 
combined: F. F. Holbrook, Boston, Mass., a Culti¬ 
vator; Ai.den & Co., Auburn, N. Y., Cultivator. 
Rural Holidays. —The labors of spring and sum¬ 
mer on the farm, always severe and exhausting, are 
very properly supplemented by the relaxation and hi. 
larity attendant on the Autumnal Fairs. These are 
properly the farmer's holidays—a season in which 
those so disposed can combine pleasure with profit, 
while uuernmtnig ior a tew nays the tolls incident to 
an agricultural life. Many abstain from visiting fairs 
under the plea that they do not pay. If the amount 
of a premium be the solo consideration oral tendance, 
the pleu is probably valid. But is this all of an agri¬ 
cultural exhibition V No, nor even a main feature of 
one. Fairs have other alms than simply to deserve 
and Recnre premiums. They bring Into smull com¬ 
pass the varied experiments of widely separated par¬ 
ties : provoke comparison—the spur and incentive to 
improvements —nnd thus lead to thorn. They do 
more than thia; they serve to brighten the chain 
which should link together a common brotherhood, 
soften asperities, incite to emulation and enlarge the 
circle of human sympathies. 
State Fair—Entries —The Assistant Secretary of 
the State Agricultural Society, S. R. Earles, reports 
that the entries for the Fair are larger and of a class 
superior to that of any previous State exhibition, 
Tho fine herd of the non. Ezra Cornell of Ithaca is 
among the entries. Canada is also largely represent¬ 
ed. The implement entries arc also numerous, em¬ 
bracing the States of Illinois. Michigan. Ohio, Penn¬ 
sylvania, Massachusetts aud Connecticut. It would 
appear, from theee indications, that New York is to 
be confronted by numerous and able competitors, 
hence it will require the beat efforts of our farmers 
ami mechanics to preserve the reputation of the Stats 
intact. But a comparatively brief period of time re¬ 
main* to complete the arrangements necessary to 
this result, as the Fair Is to be held Oct. 1—4. 
More Alderney Stock in Monroe.— We are glad 
to learn that Messrs. S. W. Clark and J. M. Web¬ 
ster of Parma, this county, have recently purchased 
of Thos. Gould. Aurora, N. \*., n line Alderney bull, 
“ Trojan Emperor.” bred by E. O. Eaton of Troy, 
from 6tock imported by J. A. Taintor ol nartford. 
Conn. Also, an excellent cow t of the same breed. 
We presume these are the best Specimens of Alder¬ 
ney stock in this region, and trust they will be the 
progenitors of many fine animals. 
No Rinderpest on Long Island.— The reported 
existence of rinderpest among the stock of Charle: 
H. Jones. L. I., has elicited a note from A. Laintakd. 
V. 8.. stating that the disease is known as Cerebro 
Spinal Meningitis —infectious, aud most fatal to hor¬ 
ses, but not considered contagious. Mr. J. lost nine 
horses and two mules by it. 
Seneca County Fair.— We learn, from the Ovid 
Bee, that Hugh T. Brooks, Esq. of Wyoming county, 
is engaged to deliver an address before the Seneca 
Co, Agricultural Society at Ovid. The selection is 
a good one, as will uo doubt be made manifest by 
the result. The Fair wilL be held on the 8th, fith and 
10th days of October. 
Steuben County Fair.— The Courier, Bath, states 
that preparations for the Fair at that place, Sept 25th 
— 27th, are progressing finely. A new and commodi¬ 
ous hall with ample galleries is completed. The 
driving park is in order, and a new sheep house is 
being erected. 
Monroe County Fair.— The arrangements for the 
coming Fair of the Monroe County Ag. Society, com¬ 
mencing Sept. 25th, are progressing favorably. If the 
Fair is not successful it must be in consequence of 
unpropitions weather or of decreasing interest. 
Ag’l Faxes.—F or lists of State, County and Local 
Fairs see our issues of August 17th and 81st. 
