Sjjocj! lusBaakg. 
KDltrn BY HENRY 8. RANDALL, LL. D. 
PRESIDENT GARLAND S SPEECH. 
We had hoped in this issue to give the resolu- c 
tions passed at the recc.- unnual meeting of the 0 
Illinois Wool Growers’ A*c.elation,—but ut the t 
time of this writing (Oct. ltsth) wc have not v 
found them In any of our western exchanges. v 
Below will he found the neat and forcible speech 0 
of A. M. Garland, Esq., the President of the J 
Association, delivered on that occasion : t 
“Gentlemen Wool Growers: —'Voar very able e 
Secretary stated in hi* notice for this meeting that we t 
would meet to consider the ‘ situation.’ It certainly t 
is well that we should do »o,—for Just now our eitua- ^ 
tion is somewhat peculiar. I 
»* During the four years or the existence, of this or- j 
ganiration out combined efforts have been directed , 
to the securing of a tariff that would give something t 
like an adequate protection to the wool growers of , 
the country. Slowly but surely we gained upon the t 
advocates of free trade, both in and out of Congress, { 
and on the 4th day of March last the blit framed by t 
the joint committee of wool growers and manufac- i 
turers became a law. 
“As one who has borne a part, humble though it j 
may be, in thlH long struggle, I am happ y to-da y to j 
join my congratulations with yours, ant! of the friends , 
of our cause throughout the country, in view of the , 
fact that our victory has been won by the force of , 
argument, and an array of facts and figures against ; 
which tbc flimsy sophistry of the free trader wsh as ; 
paper bullet*. Not one dollar has been paid to uny , 
man lor his time and services, nor to any paper for its 
influence; and though some few time-serving poli¬ 
ticians may have voted for onr bill in deference to 
‘popular clamor,' most Congressmen supported It 
because they thought the Idea of protection right, 
and our demands under it nol unreasonable. Ours is 
a victory of which we may well feel proud; not for¬ 
getting, however, to temper our joy with the regret 
that many of the other great Industrial interests at 
the same time seeking protection were less fortunate 
than we. We cannot afford to remain idle observers 
of their struggles, but must give them good help and 
cheer, and stop not in our labors until the great prin¬ 
ciple of a reasonable protection to American agaiiiMt. 
the competitive pauper and semi-savage labor of 
other countries shall become so rooted into the legis¬ 
lative policy of the United States as that all fears for 
its safety shall have passed away; uutil the British 
Free Trade Leagues shall have died from among us, 
and the politicians and editors who do their 1 blowing 
and striking’ shall have found some other occupation 
more profitable to the country, though, it may bo, 
less so to t hemselves. Nor must wo look for bright 
skies and smooth seas alone in the future. The 
ground, thou h fairly won, must, he hold. The next 
session of Congress will find Washington garrisoned 
by gentlemen in the Interests of the importers and 
free traders, ready to show that our tariff is the worst 
of all possible arrangements for the wool grower. 
They will exult ingiy point to the low price of wool at 
this time as proof of their assertions. Forewarned, 
we should he ready to ineel them. Let ns inform our¬ 
selves fully as to the facts in the case. My owu con¬ 
viction is, that the low price of wool at this time has 
hut an indirect connection with the tariff upon wools 
and woolens. Congress advertised our tariff' for 
eighteen mouths. Importers saw that it was coming. 
The consequence was hu unusually heavy importa¬ 
tion of both raw and manufactured wools. Our own 
manufacturers crowded the shelves of their agents 
with goods in advance of the demands of the country, 
Then carno short grain crops. An inexorable tight¬ 
ening of money by the Secretary of the Treasury made 
the people slow buyers, and this heavy surplus of 
goods and ruw material lias worked and is sLill work¬ 
ing oil' hut slowly. It is no fault of our tariff that 
wool is so low to-day,—though I honestly believe It 
would be lower hut for the taritf. The combination 
of circumstances that makes wool low to-day is one 
and the same with that that lias brought down the 
price of cheeso fifty per cent, and many other or the 
great staples in like proportion. 
“ A glauce at the hooks of the Custom House in 
New York will show that less than one-fifth of the 
amonnt of ‘ clothing wools’ have been Importedfroni 
January to July of this year than for the same period 
in 1866. We find that in the first six mouths of 1866 
there was received of No. 1 or clothing wools, 23,092.- 
043 lbs. In 1867, for the same period, though during 
over one-third of the time our present tariff was not 
in operation, there was imported of No. 1 clothing 
wools, 4,346,183 lbs., und even of this amount ‘ much 
yet remains in bond or has been reshipped to other 
countries.’ 
“ At the port of Boston, wc find the figures for same 
period to stand as follows: For first six months of 
1866 there was received of wools of all classes, 14,805,- 
496 lbs , while for corresponding period of this year 
we have but 9,006,905 lbs. 
“ It will thus he seen that our tariff lias already 
began to ‘work’—has checked the influx of foreign 
wools that threatened with ruin the business of wool 
growing in the United States, unless wo should 
choose to accept the alternative suggested tty the 
Hon. Special Commissioner of the Revenue, and ' 
move with onr families and flockB upon cheaper 
lauds, where tint whoop of the savage anil the howl 
of the cayote afford the only, though it may tie. an un¬ 
welcome, change from the monotony of pastoral life, 
and where the support of churches and schools, and 
other adjuncts of civilization, need not be accounted 
as among necessary expenses. 
"Having obtained such National legislation as we 
asked for, and demanding for it a fair trial (which, in 
my opinion, cannot be bad in less than three years,) 
let us turn our attention to more local matters. Wc 
need to have some wrong6 righted closer home than 
Washington City. One of the greatest drawbacks to 
sheep raisiugis the loss’from the ravages of dogs. 
There are in Illinois, as near as we can esti mate, 800,- 
000 dogs—‘ mongrel, pappy, whelp, and hound, and 
cur of low degree.’ The political economist might 
make a point of the fact that these animals (two- 
tblrde, at least, of them worthless,) consume for their 
daily sustenance enough to feed well forty thousand 
families, and keep twice that number from starva¬ 
tion. But what we have more immediately to deal 
with 1 b the fact that this grand army of curs are not 
content to * live and let live,’ hut wantonly destroy 
as much moroa6 they consume. We need to have 
them taxed, and that heavily. The owners of these 
dogs should be made to pay well for the luxury ot 
keeping them, aud the fund thus created should he 
j set apart and applied toward making good the dam¬ 
ages caused by their depredations. Our sister State 
1 of Indiana, though with less sheep than Illinois, I am 
i informed, has such a law. We can and will have such 
x & law, whenever every sheep raiser in the State makes 
up his mind to it. The dog that 1 b not worth to his 
owner three dollars, or even five dollars per year, is 
not worth having, and the sooner ids worthless car¬ 
cass Is made to add its fertilizing influence to mother 
earth the better for mankind generally, and wool 
growers tn particular. 
“We need by legislation to give more encourage¬ 
ment to capitalists to erect manufactories, not only 
of wool, but or Iron, of cotton, flax, and farming ma¬ 
chinery Of all kinds within o ur State. Every pound 
of wool raised in Illinois should he here manufac¬ 
tured Into cloth. This would dispense with the ser¬ 
vices of a large class of ‘middle men.’ who erect 
wool houses between tis and the factories that work 
up our wool, and grow rich off commissions that 
should properly go Into our own pockets. These wool 
houses are becoming a power in the wool business of 
the country that cannot he too zealously—I might 
say jealously—watched. The circulars of a promi¬ 
nent house in Chicago have weekly contained quota¬ 
tions beyond which it would not Ik safe for buyer* to 
go. A great pity Uwould have been if some sharper 
had happened to pay a farmer as much for his wool as 
it had cost to grow it, and wake up to find he hadn't 
made a * good thiDg.’ The same establishment her¬ 
alded it through the land, as a fact, that the dtp of 
wool for 1867 would he In excess of that of 1866, when 
any one who knew the history of the flocks of the 
country’ during the lust year knew differently ; and 
those who were uot thus correctly Informed should 
at least have kept silent.. 
“ And now, gentlemen, though the present outlook 
Is not what we could desire, I firmly believe the 
future has much good In store for ns. Sheep and 
wool will be at par in less than twelve mouth*. Some 
who are weak in the faith will doubtless sell out and 
embark In other pursuit*, aud wake up a few years 
hence to find their mistake. Let us improve our 
flocks. Belter sheep will pay better profits. Choice 
animals can be had for less money than formerly. 
Let factories he planted above our rich coal fields, 
whoso thousands of busy spindles shall mingle their 
buzz with the bleating of our flocks, and the producer 
and consumer both happy upon the high road to 
prosperity, win stand as a living argument of the 
justice and policy of that legislation which gives a 
fair protection to American labor. 
sweet and rich in the batter product. It de- crease the crops,—for the only benefit gained 
pends, too, considerably on the care taken in the seems to t bo. that of deepening the surface soil, 
RESOLUTIONS OF NATIONAL WOOL MAN¬ 
UFACTURERS’ ASSOCIATION. 
At the annual meeting of the National Associ¬ 
ation of Wool Manufacturers, held in New York 
city, October 2d, the following resolutions were 
unanimously passed: 
Resolved, By the National Association of Wool 
Manufacturers, at Its third annual meeting, held In 
the city of Now York, on the 2d of October, 1807: 
1. The present tarilT on wool and woolen* is as well 
adapted, as any legislation which can now he devised, 
to promote the growth aud development of wool man¬ 
ufacturing und wool growing, and the interests of con¬ 
sumers and the public revenue. 
2. Confidence in the stability of legislation being 
essential to induce the investment of capital by which 
agricultural and manufacturing wealth is to he duvel 
oped, it is of the highest importance that, the tariff 
policy deliberately adopted at the suggestion of those 
most affected by it should he persisted In, and that 
the business arrangements which have been made to 
conform to it should uot, be disturbed. 
8. Experience having demonstrated the difficulty of 
adjusting the complicated relations of manufacturers 
with each other, and with the producers of wool, it 
is desirable that no change, however trivial, should 
be made in the present, tariff, unless sanctioned joint¬ 
ly by the National Wool Growers’ and wool Manufac¬ 
turers’ AsBp.ciat.loDS. 
4. The interests of wool manufacturers and wool 
growers being recognized as identical, further meas¬ 
ures should be adopted to make each class familiar 
with the respective wants and necessities of the 
other. 
5. Manufacturers have suffered from overproduc¬ 
tion or particular kinds of goods. Wool growers 
have equally suffered from overproduction of certain 
kinds of wool. The wisest course for each class to 
adopt is to increase the variety of its products. 
6. It would greatly benefit many branches of the 
woolen manufacture if, in addition to the ordinary 
wools now produced, there should be an increase in 
flue wools corresponding to the best Silesian wools, 
and in combing wools of English blood. 
7. It is for the interest of the whole country that 
production should he increased by extending protec¬ 
tion to all branches of industry whose representatives 
can show’ that they are not in a position to success¬ 
fully compete with foreign producers. 
teg Jtajjacfntsttt 
BUTTER MAKING-VARIANT PRACTICES. 
Rennes, in Brittany, has a reputation for a 
peculiar kind of butter. The overnight milk¬ 
ing is mixed with that of the moniiDg, aud the 
whole allowed to staud a few hours and then 
churned. This churning of the milk, it is claim¬ 
ed, produces more butter and of a better flavor 
than that obtained in the customary way. 
In some portions of Scotland a favorite pro¬ 
cess is to accumulate two or three milkings, let¬ 
ting the cream rise. The whole is then poured 
into the churn till it commences to sour, when 
the manufacturing process takes place. We have 
seen this plan practiced in portions of Pennsyl¬ 
vania, but failed to discover any particular bene¬ 
fit to the butter which is not secured by the com¬ 
mon practice of separating the cream from the 
milk aud churning it alone. In Holland each 
milking is allowed to become sour—being rc- 
peutcdly stirred to prevent cream from rising to 
the surface, and when pretty stiff churning takes 
place. 
THE BEST BUTTER. 
Thebe is considerable diversity of opinion as 
to what section of the country belongs the cred¬ 
it of producing the host quality of butter. The 
subject was ventilated somewhat at a late meet¬ 
ing of the “ Institute Farmers’ Club,” when the 
claims ef Philadelphia and Orange county but¬ 
ter to pre-eminence were canvassed. The ver¬ 
dict seemed to be in favor of the latter. It is 
said that this excellence is owing in part to the 
character of the pasturage on the hills or rolling 
grounds of Orange county, which is remarkably 
process of manufacture. It is difficult to deter¬ 
mine why better butter can be produced in Or¬ 
ange county than in Berkshire county, Massa¬ 
chusetts,—the pasturage being much alike, still i 
the preference is given to the former in the New 
York market, whatever the relative merits of 
each may be. 
AYRSH1RES - SHORT • H0RN8 DAIRY. 
Tim Mark Lane Express, of late date, gave 
the substance of a discussion before the Logie 
and Leeropt Farmers’ Club, relative to the com¬ 
parative merit* of Ayrshire and Short-horn cows 
for dairy purposes. Mr. Home entered largely 
into the history of the cattle originally brought 
into England, and the different crossings which 
had taken place. He thought that the Short¬ 
horns gave richer milk than the Ay rehires,— 
though not so much of it,—and were therefore 
the beat for butter making. On testing the | 
milk, which lie had done for many years, he 
found that that of the Short-horns contained 
from twelve to seventeen parts of cream, whilst 
the milk of the Ayrshire cows only contained 
from nine to twelve parts—heuce, though the 
Short-borne gave somewhat less milk, the per¬ 
centage of butter more than made up for the de¬ 
ficiency. The conclusion of the Club was that 
crossings of the Short-horns and Ayrshires made 
the most profitable dairy stock. 
• » • - ' — 1 i — 
8TR0NG ON BUTTER. 
8. E. Todd, Agricultural Editor of the N. Y. 
Times, recently read before the Farmers’ Insti¬ 
tute Club a brief essay on butter—passing some 
pretty strong strictures on the manufacture of 
the article. Wc quote: — “ Butter is not that 
ring-streaked, speckled, spotted and grizzled 
material that is transported to the New York 
butter market in vessels that resemble an ele¬ 
gant Bwill pail more than a neat butter-tub, but 
it consists of the fragrance of green grass, the 
aroma of the mellifluous clover fields, the ex¬ 
quisite nectar of ucw mow'll hay, collected in 
glowing globules, like sparkling dew drops on 
the petals of May roBes, by fairy hands that are 
never soiled by dirt and offensive odors; and the 
delicious essence is Smpailed in an atmosphere 
as sweet and pure as ether, und wrapped In a 
napkin as clear as the unsullied snow drift. 
Dirt, foul odors, infected air, pestilential earth 
and butter are perfect antagonisms Soap grease, 
shoe grease, wagon-wheel grease, which we see 
in such vast quantities in the markets in butter 
firkins, approximate about as nearly to butter us 
old mother Countryman’s piecrust shortening, 
which was »xtnKj0l from the suet of skunks. 
T his is the uegatiihLiud affirmative of butter.” 
which even of itself is an important one. This 
may in a great measure account for the varied 
success which always attends subsoil plowing, 
and a more careful attention to the difference 
may be the means of preventing much disap¬ 
pointment, as has been the case with your new 
correspondent, hut old reader.” 
Clean Grass Seed Important. 
A writer in the Massachusetts Ploughman 
gives his experience in the use of throe several 
parcels of grass seed purchased at as many dif¬ 
ferent stores. The seed was supposed to be : 
timothy and redtop; it came up with great uni- J 
formity, grew' finely, and promised well for a 
time, — but soon after the commencement of 
Judc it was manifest that timothy and redtop 
had very little to do with it. The predominant 
growth w T as cheat or chess, and the next in order, 
common meadow grass. This 6howsthe impor¬ 
tance of having clean seed when stocking down 
land, as a foul article not only infests it with 
useless or interior herbage, but necessitates the 
breaking up and re-stocking, involving both ex¬ 
pense and loss of time. Great caution Bhould 
be exercised with reference to seed, especially 
of the grasses, as a foul sowing is certain to re¬ 
sult hi a plentiful harvest of disappointment 
and vexation. 
Street Mud. 
“ Chrmicus” writes the Cultivator & Coun¬ 
try Gentleman on the deleterious Influence w'hich 
the mud in the streets has on the public health. 
Dr. Lbatherby analyzed the mud in the streets 
of London and found in it an average of 47,2 per 
cent, of organic matter. It was found to con¬ 
tain also lfi per cent, of abralded iron. This 
Jturat 2tote$ <mu Sterns 
Prospects op tub Rural New-Yorker.— We arc- 
sure its hosts of friends all over the laud will be glad 
to learn, wnat is veritably true, that the prospects of 
this Journal are more encouraging at the present 
time than they ever were at any corresponding period 
since its establishment. Anticipating quite an ac¬ 
cession of new subscribers, both annual and trial, we 
added several thousand copies to onr regular edition 
at the beginning of this quarter, (Oct 5,) —hat the 
demand thus far has greatly exceeded onr estimate. 
Nearly all the States are represented in each daily 
mail,—bringing ns orders for annual and trial sub¬ 
scriptions, requests for specimens and posters, and 
the most cheering notes of approval and encourage¬ 
ment. Judging from the number and character of 
the remittances and assurances we are receiving, and 
other most gratifying indications, we are confident 
the Rural will enter upon its Nineteenth Year and 
Volume under far more favorable auspices than it 
ever opened a ncw r year. Such unexpectedly favora¬ 
ble prospects induce us to be even more liberal in 
our arrangements and expenditures than we had an¬ 
ticipated,—and hence wc can safely promise all onr 
readers that no proper effort or expense will be spared 
in the future to render the Rubai. New-Yorker the 
most complete combination of Practical. Instruct¬ 
ive, Entertaining and Timrlt Journalistic Read¬ 
ing obtainable—furnishing a paper each week worthy 
of being a home companion for intelligent and right- 
thinking people in both Town and Country. Arrang¬ 
ed, as It is, in several distinct Departments, and 
being diversified in contents. Instructive in charac¬ 
ter and elevated in sentiment—as well as profnsely 
illustrated and neatly printed—the Rcral is believed 
to present claims to public, (hvor and individual en¬ 
couragement, second to no other journal in the Union. 
And if, as we Infer, a larger portion of the reading 
public than ever before, concede this estimate, we 
may reasonably expect, a» we confidently do, a great 
accession of subscribers previous to and at the com- 
Lttlll (mi is v/ At/ i/vi wvuvi v* ------ —-— _ , . « • -r 
4 .. . .1 A 4 l, b mencennent of the enduing year and yolome. In con- 
fact shows that though the iron on the tires of ^ ^ wobW ren> £ d il9 thoU6and9 of earnest 
This is the neguuY'V.ud affirmative of butter.” 
COWS SUCKING THEMSELVES. 
A remedy for this practice, published recently 
in the Rural, has brought us two communica¬ 
tions on the same subject. Wc give the sub¬ 
stance of each for the consideration of our read¬ 
ers. The first preventive, of self-milking, is as 
follows:—“ Take a piece Of hard, tough wood, 
about 0 or 7 inches long and Inch thick, sharp¬ 
ened at each end. Cut a groove around the cen¬ 
ter about 1# inches long. Make a hole through 
the nostril aud crowd the stick in. This will 
not interfere in the least with their feeding, and 
is not more cruel than rings for swine.” 
The other is by M. R. \V., Apaulia:—“ Take a 
strap halter, the same as lor a horse, only set 
the ring the other way, and place on the cow’s 
head. Pass a eircingle around the cow’s body, 
just back of the lore legs, with a ring at the bot¬ 
tom. Take a round stick of timber, four or five 
feet long, fasten one end in the ring of the hal¬ 
ter, aud let the other play back and forth in the 
ring between the fore legs. I kept such a cow 
four years with this fixture on her aud found it 
a sure preventive. It is light and easily worn.” 
DAIRY ITEMS. 
A New Milk Gan. —The Toronto Globe men¬ 
tions, ainoug other dairy novelties exhibited at 
the late Provincial Fair, a milk can oflarge size, 
designed for carrying milk to factories aud mar¬ 
kets. It is furnished with an adjustable lid or 
cover, fitting the can closely and moving up and 
down readily. It is designed to diminish agita¬ 
tion as the milk is being moved to the factories 
or to market. No doubt &uck a can will prove 
valuable to the dairying fraternity. 
Bone Dust, — Butter .—It is the opinion of some 
dairymen that cows fed upon pastures top-dress¬ 
ed with hone manure, will produce more and a 
better article ol milk than from grounds other¬ 
wise manured, no matter how luxuriant the yield 
of grass may be. It is probable that the charac¬ 
ter of vegetation may be considerably modified 
by the quality of the fertilizer used. 
gmJ spirit of tbo 
Subsoiling. 
A correspondent of the Germantown Tele¬ 
graph makes some observations on subsoiling 
worthy of consideration. After quoting John¬ 
son’s analysis of the surface soil and its adjoin¬ 
ing subsoil of laud on the banks of the Ohio 
river, showing the difference in the constituents 
of the two, he adds:—“ From the observations 
we can readily see that the effect of subsoil 
plowing aud trenching will vary with the char¬ 
acter of the subsoil; if the latter is hard and 
compact it will probably arrest the dowuwarcl 
passage of the water containing the valuable 
portions of the surface soil, which upon being 
again brought to the surface will of course en¬ 
rich the surface soil; bat if, on the other hand, 
the subsoil is light and loose and of a texiure 
not calculated to retain the saline constituents 
brought from above, they will pass through it, 
and when it is turned up it may for a time de¬ 
carts aud carriages wears away imperceptibly ( 
and its identity is supposed to be lost, still it a 
remains ft distinct substance amid the filth with j 
which it mingles, and may be gathered and t 
weighed and its value determined by the aid 1- 
of chemical analysis. 
Three Hogs per Minute. t 
In one of the large pork packing houses of £ 
Cincinnati it is the rule to finish off three hogs < 
per minute. The force required for this em- 1 
braces two pen-men, one knocker-down, one 
sticker, two bristle• snatcher*, four scrapers, \ 
six shavers, (who remove the hair from part* [ 
not reached by the scrapers,) two gamble-men, , 
one gutter, one hose-boy, one slide-boy, one i 
splitter, (who fastens the animal open to facili- 1 
tate cooling,) two attendant* upon the cutters, i 
one weigher, two cleaver-men, four knife-men, 
one ham-trimmer, one shoulder-trimmer, one | 
packer, six ham salters, one weigher and brand- ; 
or, one lard-fnun, ono book-keeper, seven por- , 
ters and laborers. , 
i 
Meadow and Pasture Grounds. 
J. W. Clarke, Wisconsin, writes the Al¬ 
bany Cultivator in opposition to the somewhat 
prevalent opinion that meadow aud pasture 
lauds require to be frequently broken up for the 
purpose of augmenting or keeping up theirpro- 
duetlve powers. Both meadow and pasture 
lauds may require underdraining, re-seeding in 
spots occasionally, moderate applications of 
manure, especially the meadows, soon alter 
having been mowed. With thcRe aids it is con¬ 
tended that pastures and meadows will improve 
In the quantity and quality of their productions 
for an indefinite series of years. In other words, 
“ the older the sod the better the pasture.” 
Meadows. Fall Dressing. 
A correspondent of the Ohio Farmer 
makes some sensible remarks on the manage¬ 
ment of meadow lands. These need not be 
broken up and cultivated for re-seeding, but 
may be kept up by proper treatment lor a long 
series of years. Sections of meadow which, on 
being mowed, show signs of exhaustion, should 
be thoroughly harrowed in the fall, re-seeded, 
aud liberally supplied with well-rotted mauure. 
The other portions should receive a good top- 
dressing of the same material, which will keep 
them In good heart for an indefinite period. 
Deep Plowing. 
At a late Fair in Dutchess County, Horace 
Greeley delivered an address on farming mat¬ 
ters. He considered pasture lands a nuisance— 
being mainly seed beds for weeds; advocated 
the universal adoption of the soiling system and 
deep plowing. Belgium was pronounced the 
best farmed country in the world —the plow 
being put down to the depth of three feet. The 
soiling system may do for horses and cattle, but 
if the sheep are to have a voice in the matter we 
opiue there will be a unanimous “ ba” against it. 
Horses—Sprung Knees. 
The Ohio Farmer states that eorns in horses’ 
feet are the cause, in most cases, of sprung knees. 
In order to relieve the heels, sore with corns, the 
animal throws his weight mainly on the toe, thus 
relaxing the tendons and suspensory ligament of 
the leg, contraction of which naturally follows. 
Corns are mainly produced by improper shoeing, 
which contracts the heel. Instead of beveling 
from without, inward, making the foot to rest in 
a concavity, which resists the natural expansion 
of the hoof and forces the heel inward, the shoe 
should be made level. 
Splitting Rails. 
A correspondent of the Iowa Homestead, 
alluding to the difficulty frequently experienced 
in making a wedge stick in frozen timber when 
■ splitting rails, advises the use of dry sand, 
• dashed into the crevice from which the wedge 
■ rebounds. The end sought can be equally well 
attained by making a few cheeks close together, 
. with the ax, on the end of the log to be split, 
i aud inserting the wedge between them. We 
never knew a wedge to rebound under such cir- 
- eumstauces. 
friends and supporters that, the present is a most favor¬ 
able season to manifest their appreciation of xhe 
Rural by efforts to Increase and widen its circula¬ 
tion and influence, and that wc shall gratefully ac¬ 
knowledge any and every movement in that direction. 
Season. Crops, Prospects, Ac. - The season in 
this locality is about one month behind the almanac. 
September, In point of weather, might have been 
taken for August, aurl October thus far has furnished 
ns with genuine September days in addition to the 
rich coloring of the autumn ripened foliage. The 
great drawback to the fanner’s interest is lack of rain. 
There lias been much lightning and thunder for the 
season, and on the evening of the 20th wc were fa¬ 
vored with a genuine July thunder shower, followed 
by a warm south wind and summer-looking sky. 
Early in the morning the thermometer stood at 05’ 
and ranged up,.during the day, to between 80" and 90“ 
in the shade. From lack of sufficient rain potatoes 
in this region will fall much below an average crop. 
Grass is dry and feed in pastures short. Wheat Bbows 
a small lop, and a great deal of the seed has hut just 
sprouted. It looks healthy however. Farmers are 
securing their rail crops rapidly and in good order, 
and if autumn will take one month from grim winter, 
as the promise now is, the farmer’s fall prospects will 
brighten to a hopeful promise. 
Implements at the 8tate*Faib. —Among the 
great variety of machinery of interest to farmers 
exhibited at our State Fair we noticed Brinker- 
bgff’s Cora Shcllcr, Separator and Cleaner, man¬ 
ufactured at, Auburn, N. Y. It was this machine 
which was sent to the Paris Exposition to represent. 
American Corn Shellers. It wins good opinions from 
farmer-* wherever it is put in use, and is really one of 
those implements that are indispensable on a well 
ordered farm. 
Mr. D. R. Prindle, East Bethany, N. Y., had on 
exhibition several agricultural implements, the most 
important of which was his well known Cauldron for 
cooking and steaming food for stock. lie also had a 
flexible joint farm roller, a grass seed sower, a hy¬ 
draulic paint for brick, and a paint oil for buildings; 
a corn plauter for two horses, a portable fence, and a 
fine sample of black walnut timber of his own 
growing. 
Ohio Agricultural Report.— We have received 
the Report of the Ohio State Board of Agriculture 
for 1866. It is a work of over six hundred pages, il¬ 
lustrated to some extent, and contains matter of In¬ 
terest to the fanning and frnit-growing community. 
In the cursory examination wc have only been ablo 
to give it we notice as articles of particular interest 
“Essays on Stall Feeding Cattle;” "Articles on the 
Agriculture of Several Counties;’’ ’.“Subsoil Drain¬ 
ing “ Recent Experiences in Drill Culture“Thin 
and Thick Sowing;” and articles on the wool, dairy, 
und horticultural interests. Ohio farmers In particu¬ 
lar will he amply repaid for reading this volume. 
Commercial Statistics. —We are indebted to Al¬ 
exander Delmau, Director of the Bureau of Statis¬ 
tics, for a statement of the Imports and exports for 
the months of March, April, May and June—four 
months. The Imports, for the above period, aggrej 
gate $138,857,377. Entered, for consumption, $72,- 
157 , 842 , Entered for warehouse, $66,700,535. The 
value of the exports, the growth and manufacture of 
the United States, for the same time aggregate $176,- 
659,211—of which nearly $92,000,000 are for cotton. 
Cornell University.— It is said that the buildings 
of this institution, at Ithaca, N. Y., are progressing 
favorably. Tbe treasury is In a flourishing condition. 
The following are elected professors :—Eli Whitney 
1 Blake of the Vermont University, Professor of Phys- 
' ics and Industrial Mechanics; Prof. Geo. E. Cald¬ 
well, Pennsylvania, Professor of Agricultural Chem* 
istry; Burt G. Wilder of the Harvard Scientific 
School, Professor of Natural History; and James M. 
| Crofts of Boston, Professor of Chemistry. 
-- »■ 
Hogs—The Slaughtering Season.— Owing to the 
early ripening of corn at the west this year, the 
slaughtering of hogs will commence this season some 
weeks in advance of the customary time. At some 
points the work was to commence about the 25th of 
October. 
-H**- 
Poultry Exhibition. —Those of our readers in¬ 
terested in Poultry breeding are referred to the an¬ 
nouncement of the First Fall Exhibition of the Amer¬ 
ican Poultry Society, to be held in New York next 
mouth—Nov. 26 th to 29th. 
, Wheat in Caufonia. — The wheat crop of Cali- 
! fomia the present year is estimated at 15,000,000 
bushels — equalling New York in the production of 
this important fanu product. 
