ins' off all vermin as long as this smell lasts. 
We have found the application of gas-lime very 
beneficial to the tree, using one peck to a tree 
three or four years set. When composted with 
muck and manure It is an excellent fertilizer for 
oats, barley and wheat. At most gas works 
they are anxious to get rid of it, and will thank 
any farmer for taking it away. We regard it us 
valuable as lime slackened in any other way. 
It is well worth hauling, as a return load, ten 
miles by farmers who come into the city with 
produce. At present it most goes to waste, or 
is used to fill lots in cities. The unfavorable 
reports made on its use were caused, no doubt, 
by too heavy an application. Two loads of this 
lime composted with four to six loads of muck 
or scrapings of the born-yard, are enough for 
an acre. But we think its best use is, first, to 
top-dress fruit trees, and the balance may go to 
other crops.— e. w. s. 
ly through them, and runuing along wooden 
troughs—the longer distance the better—into 
a tank from whence It is again pumped back to 
the first reservoir; and to make it a quick and 
profitable operation, It must all be performed in 
an artificial heat of not less than 100 degrees of 
the thermometer. 
There is a loss by evaporation, which may be 
made up by adding water. In fact, good, pure, 
rich cider will bear reducing, often one-quarter, 
after the first fermentation. The longer these 
apparatus ore used the more rapid will be the 
conversion. 
The great bulk of the vinegar In market is 
made from malt, and some by chemical pro¬ 
cesses—some of it very good—but it does not 
possess the flavor and salubrity of pure cider 
vinegar. There may be some improved manipu¬ 
lations in the lurgo manufactories of which I am 
not advised, but by the above process I have 
seen it successfully produced. Aqricola. 
THE NURSERY BUSINESS - FRAUDS, &c 
Eds. Rural New-Yorker —Why not more 
radical discussion—what of so many mis¬ 
takes in the nnrsery business ? Granting it is 
difficult, complex in itself—that it has been of 
most sudden, rapid growth in this country, 
have we not gone far enough to begin to get 
some thorough system against mistakes and 
botch-work generally in the tree business V 
Mr. Nurseryman, do you like botch-work 
poked upon you; — say you subscribe for the 
Rural, and Mr. Moore picks up the first paper 
that comes to baud, po&sibly one of last year’s 
issue, and mails to you. To be sure it’s a paper, 
but is it the one you want, or would you pre¬ 
fer regularly the latest issue? 1 know, too, on 
the other hand, the possibly undue sharpness of 
feeling suspicion iu many minds towards nur¬ 
serymen, so that it is oft-times utterly impossi¬ 
ble to please, or enforce reason, between parties. 
It is ail of the same piece,—mutual distrust, 
ignorance of their own wants, and the real 
necessities of the case. If the buyer realized 
one supreme fact—how utterly he was at the 
mercy of the seller as to the genuineness of the 
variety called for or bought, he would, abow all , 
insist on the most absolute integrity and thor¬ 
oughness in or knowledge of the business. 
I do not propose a long essay; only to call 
the subject up. It is high time there began to 
grow out of all our vast nursery and fruit 
business a science as near perfection as possible, 
and with law's, checks and balances against mis¬ 
takes and fraud; how far toleration should go 
and where exposure of the most public and 
unsparing character should be applied. 
Now, all nurserymen, it may be said, are 
under the ban alike—there seems little encour¬ 
agement for profound skill and integrity as 
against the worst knaves. Wearing out the 
patience of one locality or sot of customers, it 
seems perfectly easy to find another just as 
open and easy prey—and so the dreary round 
continues. A scoundrel in other callings soon 
gets “spotted,” and, except he can buy the 
PROTECTING TREES FROM MICE AND 
RABBITS. 
Chickens Dkesbed as Terrapins. — Boil a 
fine, large, tender chicken; when done, and 
while yet warm, cut it from the honeB into 
Small pieces, as for chicken salad; put it into a 
stewpan with oue gill of boiling water; then 
stir together until perfectly smooth, one quarter 
of a pound of butter, one teaspoonful of Hour, 
and the yolk of one egg, which udd to tho 
chicken, half at a time, stirring all well together; 
then season with suit and pepper. Alter letting 
it simmer about ten minutes, add half a gill of 
Madeira, and send to the table hot. We have 
tried this and know it be excellent—a little 
better sotne would say than the terrapin itself.— 
Germantown Telegraph. 
Eds. Rural New t -Yokkbr: — I see iu many 
papers much discussion on this subject, and 
inquiry for a preventive. Last winter mice 
were more than usually destructive, and even 
in nursery grounds thousands of trees have been 
destroyed in this county. In seasons when large 
quantities of snow remain late these little trou¬ 
blesome pests work under the snow and bark 
the lower part of the tree, while the rabbit goes 
on the top and gnaw- the bark above. I have a 
method that is entirely effectual against mice, 
and unless the snow is very deep agaiust rabbits 
also. It is entirely practicable in orchards. 
£ take common barrel staves (any other thiu 
stuff will of course do as well,) and with a brace 
and bit bore four holes in each. This may be 
very quickly done by putting a dozen or more 
together in a vise. Three of them are then 
strong upon two pieces of Htringand tied around 
the tree, tho staves forming a triangle, and 
if the edges are straight entirely prevents 
anything from getting to tho bark. Of course, 
Bhould the snow be very deep a rabbit might 
reach above the top of a stave, and iu that case 
something of greater length would ltd necessary. 
Greece, N. Y., 1867. p. w. l. 
Apple Fritters. —Make a batter, not very 
stiff, with one quart of milk, three eggs, and 
flour to bring it to a right consistence. Pare 
and core a dozen largo apples, and chop them 
to about the size of small peas, and mix them 
well with the batter. Fry them in lard, as you 
would doughnuts. For trimmings, take pow¬ 
dered white sugar or good molasses. They are 
good with'cither. 
Good Way of Cooking Onions.— It is a good 
plan to boil onions iu milk and water; it dimin¬ 
ishes the strong taste of that vegetable. It is an 
excellent way of serving up onions, to chop them 
after they aro boiled, and put them in a stow pan, 
with a little milk, butter, salt mid pepper, and 
lot them stew about fifteen minuteB. This gives 
them a flue flavor, and they can be served up 
very hot. 
Horticultural Notes and Queries 
Fig. 1.—Tricyrtus Hirtus. 
Keyes Early Prolific Tomato.—Abner Winder 
North T.owWburg, O., writes us that ho “planted tho 
above named variety by the side of several others, 
giving it precisely tho same treatment, and that It 
ripened no earlier than tho Fegee or Tildeii. The 
vines were productive hut the tomatoes small and 
knotty.’’ 
This tomato was sent out by a well known and re- 
Sponsible firm in Boston, with very poeitive asser¬ 
tions respecting its qualities and earliuesB. Wo huve 
received no reports (and wu have had a good many,) 
which justify tho correctness of those assertions, or 
reflect any credit on the transaction. 
Anemone 
uiju iorm a trellis, with apertures five or six 
inches in diameter. During the first year they 
are bound with osier at the poiuts »f intersec¬ 
tion, where they flu ally become grafted, and 
grow together. As beech does not suffer in 
yet in some situations they seem to do fairly. 
I here is considerable mineral in the soil through¬ 
out this region, comprising salt, niter, alkali and 
salts, and where any of thcBc are too strongly de¬ 
veloped the apple seems to foil it most. Peaches 
do finely, grow lurge and of UsealUmt flavor,and 
the trees are very prolific In hearing, as well as 
plums, upricotB and nectarines. Cherries not 
fairly tried ; strawberries .Jo well, but most 
other small fruits seem affected by the alkaline 
mineral. 
Ibis colony is yet young—only six years old 
and yet the show of fruit at our fair was won¬ 
derful. Great Interest is generally taken in the 
production of fruit, and much pains to import 
all the choice varieties. A Pomologieul Associ¬ 
ation was formed here over two years ago, and 
meetings once a week have regularly been held 
since. The Club have erected a building to 
meet in at an expense of nearly *2,000. It Is 
a live institution. 
Throughout all this mountain region showers 
ol rain are seldom, so we have to turn the riv¬ 
ers and springs, make dams, canals, ditches aud 
water sects, and once a week irrigate all our 
gardens, orchards, vineyards and lieidB, or they 
uru lost. This makes double labor to raise any¬ 
thing. 8o we have to take small parcels of 
ground and cultivate well. I have a new fruit, 
just the past season come to bearing, a hybrid, 
cross between the cherry and plum. The tree is 
erect and looks like a plum, but the fruit most 
resembles the cherry. It ripens early—immedi¬ 
ately after strawberries—bears second year, is 
very prolific, and buds well on poach stock. 
Sweet potatoes grow well, aud thus far we 
have not had froBt enough to kill the tops. 
J. E. Johnson. 
To Clean Tin Coveks.—G et the finest whit¬ 
ing; mix a little, of it powdered with the least 
drop of sweet oil, rub the covers well with it, 
and wipe them clean; then dust over them some 
dry whiting in a muslin bag, and rub bright 
with dry leather. This last is to prevent rust, 
wlde.ii the cook must guard against by wiping 
them dry and putting them by the tire when 
they come from the dining room; for if but 
once hung up damp, the inBide will rust. 
Transactions Indiana State Horticultural 
Society, Wo arc indebted to J. 8. Dun lac, Esq., 
Treasurer of the Indiana state Horticultural Society, 
for a bound copy of its proceedings Tor 1867. It Is an 
interesting llttlo book of about one hundred pages, 
full of valuable horticultural information and experi¬ 
ence specially adajited to that part of the West. The 
fruit list is important to planters of trees and vines, 
and the essays are practical and comprehensive. 
NEW PLANTS, 
New Advertisements 
It is with great pleasure that we notice new 
and rare hardy flowering plants, because, through 
their being hardy, they withstand our cold win¬ 
ters, and push forth in the spring, stronger than 
in the preceding year, and in due season give 
lorth an abundance of flowers, amply compensa¬ 
ting their owners for the little care required of 
them. Not so with tender plants and annuals; 
these require annual sowing aud planting, and in 
the fall of the year have to give way to Jack Frost, 
the destroyer of all tender vegetation. I herewith 
furnish you for illustration two specimens of 
choice and rare, hardy herbaceous plants. Figure 
2 is Anemone llonolme Jouberl, a beautiful large 
white Anemone that blooms in the beginning of 
September, aud continues in blossom for a space 
of three weeks or a month. This is a member of 
a numerous family; there being over twenty 
varieties of tuberous rooted, and over forty 
varieties of herbaceous anemonies. Figure 1, 
Tricyrtus JJIrina is destined to become quite a 
favorite with the lovers of hardy plants. It is 
one ol the most novel flowers that we possess, 
and wc have no doubt that it would be readily 
mistaken by tolerable good judges for an orchid; 
its color is a lilac ground, spotted with chocolate 
spots, and bloomB quite freely. Its habit is 
good, growing from about fifteen inches to two 
feet in height, and blooms about the same time 
as the Anemone mentioned above. 
Rochester, N. Y., 1867. John Charlton. 
aUAPEV^ES-IOXA, IVKfS* SEEDLING. 
’J Vdlronaac, Ieraella, Delaware anti Diana Vines well 
rooted. Also a largo quantity of Delaware and Diana 
wood for sale. Prices low Address A. FLANDERS, 
Camb ria Grape Nnrsci y and Vineyard, Lockport, N. Y. 
JAMES VICK, 
IMPORTER AND GROWER OF 
FLOWER A VEGETABLE SEEDS 
ROCHESTER, 1ST. ~5T. 
Onto Pomolooical Society.— The annual meeting 
of this Association will be held at Sandusky Wednes¬ 
day, Thursday aud Friday, Dec. 1th, 5th and fith, ’67. 
There will be un exhibition or fruit and discussions 
on horticulture. A general invitation la extended to 
fruit-growers, botn to attend in person and furnish 
specimens of fruit, which they may desire to have 
examined and reported on. Packages may be sent 
by express to M. H, Lewis, Sandusky. 
VICK'S ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE 
OF 
SEEDS AND FLOEAL GUIDE FOE 1868, 
Is now in press and will be ready to send out by the mid¬ 
dle of December, ft will make a work of about one 
hundred large panes, containing full descriptions of the 
Choicest Flowers and Vegetables Grown, 
with plain directions lor Sowing Seed, Cnlturo, *c. It 
in bcautllully Illustrated, with more thauame hundred 
line wood engravings of Flowers and Vegetables, and a 
BEAUTIFUL COLORED PLATE OF FLOWERS. 
Well piloted, on the llnest paper, and one of the most 
beau til til as well ae the most. Instructive works of the 
kind published. 
:er Sent to all who apply, by mall, post-paid, lor Ten 
Cents, which Is not half the cost. 
Address JAIMES VICK. Itoeln-Htcr. N. V. 
Strawberries all this Time.— The Editor of the 
Waterbury (Ct.) American states that Darwin War¬ 
ner, of that place, has ftirnlshed him with nice ripe 
strawberries every month since June. The last in¬ 
stalment was received the find week in November, 
“ which for size, beauty of appearance and flavor, 
would compare favorably with those grown during 
the earlier weeks of Hummer.” 
Sale or a Valuable Vineyard. —The Raleigh 
(N. C.) Register notes the sale of the most extensive 
vineyard in the “ Old North State," the property of 
Dr. John Weller. The purchaser was Dr. Garrktt, 
and the consideration paid was 600 acres of land in 
another section of the State and $8,000 In cash. The 
vineyard contains many varieties of the grape, but 
the Scnppernong is the favorite for wine purposes. 
DISCUSSIONS AT POMOLOGICAL SOCIETIES, 
COAL - TAR NOT SAFE FOR COATING 
FRUIT TREES. 
The editor of the Germantown Telegraph says 
he has all along had doubts of the advantages of 
a National Fruit Society, aud adds: — “ We can¬ 
not discover what it can accomplish practically 
in the way of promoting fruit-growiug beyond 
attracting attention to the subject. Even State 
Societies are too large for useful purposes. We 
can readily see how much better the object can 
be attained by County and Township Societies, 
The adaptability of the various kinds of fruit to 
the different soils could be discovered without 
any trouble. At the St. Louis meeting the grape 
and pear swallowed up everything, there not 
being an hour to spare for the apple, which is 
the fruit of fruits.” 
Our impression is, that in nine eases out of 
ten, the discussions in the local societies are 
restricted pretty much in the same way. At 
each of these meetings the smaller fruits are 
generally considered first, and the discussions so 
protracted as necessarily to abridge the time de¬ 
voted to the larger classes—especially the apple. 
THE HORTICULTURIST 
A fbw years ago coal-tar was highly recom¬ 
mended as a coating for fruit trees, in the fall 
to prevent the girdling by mice, and iu spring 
to protect against the borer, Ac. As it was 
easily obtained, numerous trials were made. 
The first reports were favorable, as it did not 
appear the following year to injure the growth 
of the tree, and its pungent odor is very dis¬ 
agreeable to insects, mice and rabbits. Serving 
as it did the important purpose of protecting 
the tree against these enemies, if not injurious 
to the tree, it deserved to be highly prized; but 
on further examination, it was found to pene¬ 
trate the outer bark, destroying its vitality, 
hardening it into a horny crust, excluding the 
ah-, stunting the growth of the tree, and If very 
youngand tender, frequently killing it. We have 
found, iu every instance, that the outer bark 
was killed, hut as it did uot interfere witli the 
upward flow of the sap, the tree appeared to 
thrive as well the following season as before, 
yet afterwards, unless the bark was slit upwards, 
it did not grow as well. This tar 1 b strongly 
charged with ammonia, and when applied to 
growing vegetation without great dilution, will 
kill it at once. The bark of a tree is porous, 
and anything which excludes the air is injurious 
when used as a coating, 
GAS-LIME. 
This is a preventive of injury by mice and 
rabbits, if put about the tree in a fresh state in 
the fall. In the passage of the gas through the 
lime, it becomes charged with ammonia, buI- 
phur, <ftc., giving it a very offensive odor, keep- 
Twenty-Third Annual Volume, 1868. 
A MONTHLY WAO.YZINK UICVOTED TO 
AGRICUI/rCItE Ac. HOllTICTTLTUKE, 
To which will be added In 1868 u 
POULTRY DEPA ItTiUKNT. 
400 Royal Octavo Pages Annually-Ably Edited and 
Splendidly Dlustratod, 
TERMS FOR 1888 ARE AS FOLLOWS; 
One Copy .* 2,50 
Three Copies. *5,00 
Ten Copies.* 15 ,00 
Volft. 1867, bound mid pcxt-pald, and Nos. 1888.. *1 00 
Vols.1866 and 1H67, bound and post-paid, and Nos. ’68 I V 10 
Vols. 186 . 1 , i860 ami 1867, bound aud post-paid, and Nos 
1868 .. 
mBiviiuMa. 
I will send the American Agriculturist, one year, or 
any book or periodical of the value of # 1 , 50 , to any per¬ 
son who remits Five Dollars for three new subscribers. 
I will send Harpers’ Weekly or Monthly or the Atlantic 
Monthly one year, or any books or periodicals of the 
valnc of f-l.oo, to aDy person who remits Fifteen Dollars 
for ten new subscribers. 
I will send a *56.00 Wheeler & Wilson or Howe Sewing 
Machine to nny person who remits #00,00 for twenty-four 
subscribers, at #2,50 each ; or #90,00 for sixty subscribers 
at #1,80 each; or #125,00 for one hundred subscribers at 
#1,25 each. 
Parties desiring other premium* will please say what 
they wish; I will state the number of subscribers neces¬ 
sary to procure them. 
V. W. WOODWARD, Publisher, 
9284teow ~ 
Catalogues, Ac., Received.— Catalogue of Fruit, 
Plants and Vegetable Seeds. Address M. O’Keefe 
& Son, Rochester, N. Y. 
Catalogue of Plants grown at the Fruit Farm and 
Nursery of .John S. Collins, Moorestown, Burling¬ 
ton Co., N. J. 
HORTICULTURE IN UTAH, 
CIDER VINEGAR, 
Eds. Rural :—In answer to the request of 
your correspondent “ D. C. M. of Virginia,” on 
the subject of making cider vinegar, I will state 
what little experience I possess on the subject. 
The whole chemical process consists iu pro¬ 
ducing the vinous, or first fermentation, 1* 
which large portions of fixed air (carbonic acid) 
are given out,—and the second process Is expos¬ 
ing it to atmospheric air, whereby oxygen is ab¬ 
sorbed, producing the acidifying principle or 
acetic acid. 
The common practice of exposing it In casks, 
whereby a very small surface Is exposed, is so 
slow a process that it cannot be tolerated in 
manufacturing the article to any extent. It 
therefore becomes important to use a process 
by which a very large surface is exposed, by 
using casks lightly packed with hard wood 
shavings and the cider allowed to filter slow- 
THE BEECH FOR HEDGES, 
The Maine Farmer is of the opinion that a 
firm, compact and durable hedge may be made 
by planting beechnuts along the line designated 
for the hedge. In proof of this it quotes from a 
“Hand-Book of Information for emigrants to 
New Brunswick,” published at St. John, N. B., 
in 1854. The author says: —“Very solid and 
elegant hedges may be made with young beeches 
placed seven or eight inches apart-, and bent in 
opposite directions, s® as to cross each other 
37 Park Row . Kk w Yor k . 
TVfIL80N’S EARLY AND KITTATINNY 
’ ’ BLACKBERRV, 
PHILADELPHIA RASPBERRY, 
And other SMALL FRUITS, at lowest prices, all war¬ 
ranted trne to name, with good roots. Semi for Prlcp 
T at TJTlW A DH DDL^rD U®.if—.1 ‘ V7 ‘ 
ranted true to nam e, wi th good roots, semi tor urlc.i 
List. EDWARD RKbIvE, Medford, Burlington Co., N. J 
