68 
under tbe “either or survivor” clause has been set¬ 
tled by the Court of Appeals in the case of Kelly 
against. Beers. Do not. confuse the question of sur¬ 
vivorship with the right of the State to impose a tax. 
R. T. 
Growing Corn With a Wheel Hoe 
HE picture at Fig. 24 shows part of a cornfield 
which was grown by A. Bickert of Oswego Co., 
N. Y. The comparative size of (he stalk is indicated 
by the figure of the man. lie is obliged to climb up 
on a wooden horse in order to tie the shock. Mr. 
Rickert says that the ground was well covered with 
barnyard manure, plowed early, and put in good 
order. It was seeded with a wheel hoe, there being 
no horse work about it. It was silage corn (grown 
for bulk and not for grain), with the rows 2 ft. 
apart. This piece has been in corn for seven years. 
After the corn gets reasonably high, the chickens run 
in through it, thus getting shade and a chance to dig 
into the ground. Mr. Uiekert says he kept the wheel 
hoe going, not only in the corn, but in a crop of field 
beans, carrots and beets. This shows what can be 
done in a small place hi raising fodder for a small 
herd of cows without any horses. Most people seem 
to think that a team of horses is absolutely neces¬ 
sary to provide fodder for the cattle. Yet anyone 
can see that only a small acreage of such corn as is 
shown in the picture would take care of a small 
herd, especially with carrots and beets to feed along 
with it. Of course, in such thick-growing corn, most 
weeds would be smothered out, but such a crop will 
take a vast amount of water out of the soil, and 
thorough cultivation would he needed. This is 
given by the wheel hoe. Many a farmer would con¬ 
sider it rather small business to try to raise a corn 
crop without horses, but in this case if was done. 
Mr. Rickert also tells how he handles his chickens 
when they begin to pick and eat each other, which 
chickens frequently do. lie says In* keeps a can of 
pine tar handy, and when the hens or chickens turn 
cannibals, he puts a little of this tar right where the 
flesh has been torn. The cannibals do not like the 
taste of the tar and they quit their bad habit. 
Mounting a Grindstone 
Can you give me directions for securing a grindstone 
on the shaft and truing it up so that it will run true. 
The stone is 2(5 in. in diameter by 2 or 2)4 in. thick. 
The shaft is IVSs'in. cold-rolled steel, with a 10-in. pul¬ 
ley. At what speed is it safe? If I can run it at 80 
revolutions per minute in do so without changing my 
pulleys. i ' v> 
Ripley, N. Y. 
S I understand the situation, you wish to mount 
this grindstone on the section of ordinary cold- 
rolled sted shafting 1 % in. in diameter. This is a 
rather dillieult thing to do with the tools ordinarily 
available, because of the absence of collars or other 
means of securing the stone so that it will not turn 
on the shaft. However, the following method is 
suggested for trial: 
Secure a piece of 1^4-in. piping about 6 in. in 
length, and with at least 2 in. of each end threaded. 
Place this on the piece of shafting and fasten it at 
the point where it is desired to have the stone. One 
end of the pipe is tl\en topped with clay, and after 
standing the shaft on c|\d it is centered within the 
pipe and the space between them filled with melted 
lead or babbit, hot enough to char a pine sliver. It 
The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
will probably he necessary to fix this pipe ferrule 
more firmly to the shaft, and this can be done by 
drilling through both of them and putting in a rivet, 
as indicated in the sketch. 
The stone can now he put in place, with collars 
cut from inch hoard placed on either side, and 1)4- 
iu. floor flanges screwed to each end of the pipe, to 
furnish the necessary compression to prevent the 
stone from turning on the shaft. As both of these 
flanges will screw on from the same way (right- 
hand thread) it may he necessary to fasten one of 
them to the shaft by means of a pin or rivet, as 
shown, and so to hang the stone that it will tend to 
tighten rather than loosen as it revolves in use. 
The stone can he adjusted to run accurately in a 
plane at right angles to the shaft by inserting 
wedges or shims between the supporting collars and 
the stone at the proper points. The position of these 
shims can lie determined by holding a piece of chalk 
against the frame of the stone and gradually ad¬ 
vancing it until it touches the stone at some point 
This picture shows Miss Dorothy .Tones, a leading 
citizen of Barry County. Michigan. This leading 
young woman is not in leading strings, but is a 
leader in production—making a specialty of potatoes 
and squash. In the years to come, when the new 
amendment to the Constitution gives woman every 
legal and social right which man enjoys, Dorothy 
.Tones will still he a leader—perhaps the leading 
farmer of Michigan. 
as it revolves. This point, will indicate a high spot, 
and should be forced hack by placing a wedge be¬ 
tween the collar and the stone in line with it, or 
opposite it on the other side. 
To make the shaft the true center of the stone, a 
piece of pipe can he used as a turning tool, holding 
the cml against the cutting edge of the stone as it 
revolves, thus cutting it down to round. 
A rim speed of (500 ft. per minute is about right 
for grindstones, and for safety it should not go 
above 2,500 ft. per minute. With a stone 26 in. in 
diameter, a point on the rim travels very nearly 7 ft. 
at each revolution, and the stone would therefore 
have to make about 86 revolutions per minute to ob¬ 
tain a rim speed of 600 ft. per minute. Eighty revo¬ 
lutions per minute, however, is close enough, and 
the pulley that you now have will give you a very 
satisfactory speed. 
(Jrindstone arbors can be obtained at a nominal 
cost, complete with all fixtures for hanging the 
stone, and I would advise getting one rather than 
attempting to make one myself. If too short, a piece 
of gas pipe can lie attached to it. and by this means 
the pulley put at some little distance, where it is out 
of the way and out of the slop. rorEBT ii. smith. 
Increased License Fees For Motor 
Trucks 
Mr. Robert Lovett of Bucks Co., Pa., has written 
tin 1 following letter to his State Senator. It ex¬ 
plains itself without difficulty. Pennsylvania, New 
Jersey and some other States have advanced the 
January 21, 1922 
license fees for all trucks because it has been found 
that, the heavier vehicles are breaking down our 
roads. The penalty for this should be placed where 
it belongs—on these heavier trucks, and not on the 
smaller ones, which are rarely used over 100 days in 
the year: 
On behalf of farmers I am sending a protest against 
the present system of collecting license fees from 
motor truck owners. Money for highway maintenance 
should he collected on a mileage basis. Farmers as a 
rule make a very small mileage with their trucks. Their 
business is on the farm and not on the roads except for 
hauling produce to market and supplies home, and you 
can easily figure that this mileage could not lie very 
great, compared with other business where trucks are in 
daily use. 
The new increased fees for motor trucks will make 
farm motor truck ownership a doubtful proposition, 
except, for those who do a large business. Take my 
own case as an illustration. I make about 2,000 miles 
per year from a lOO-aore farm and go to market three 
times a week in season. (The grain farmer will not 
make one-half as much mileage.) My license fees next 
year will be about $40 in Pennsylvania, and the same 
in New Jersey, or 4 cents per mile for fees alone. Add¬ 
ing 2)4 cents for local road tax makes 0)4 cents per 
mile for road maintenance. 
I low much would a motor truck corporation or owner 
pay for running the same sized truck a daily trip from 
Philadelphia to Trenton and return, 60 miles, or about 
20,000 miles, per year? Just .004 rent per mile, prob¬ 
ably not owning any real estate and therefore paying no 
local road tax. Is it a fair and just system that 
charges a farmer 0% cents per mile traveled for road 
maintenance and a business truck 4 mills per mile for 
the same service? Or, putting it another way, the farm 
and other truck owners whose business requires a small 
mileage, are building the roads for heavy mileage 
trucks to use almost free of charge. 
There is no more common sense, in charging for road 
building by the license fee system than there would he 
for a gas company to charge for gas at so much per 
burner, without regard to the amount of gas used. 
if trucks wear out the roads they should he made to 
pay for doing it, and the trucks standing on farms 
should not he made to pay for roads worn out by trucks 
in constant use. 1 do not believe in kicking against 
present methods without offering something better, and 
here is a better method, not well thought out. hut sug¬ 
gested as a working basis for future legislation by all 
States. 
First Stale Highway Department to issue license 
tags only to trucks equipped with high-grade odometers 
under department regulation and sealed by agents of de- 
pa rtnieut. 
Second Fees to lie collected at rate of )4 cent for 
mile I more or less as needed) and on a sliding scale as 
to weight of truck and solid or pneumatic tires. 
Third— Odometers subject to inspection by road offi¬ 
cers at all times, and absence of meters subject to 
heavy tine. . 
Fourth—Odometers to be tested at any time and 
place by authorized agents of highway department, and 
if found not recording, owner subject to fine. This 
would place upon the truck owner the whole burden of 
keeping meters in order or of letting them alone. 
High-grade and reliable odometers might have to be 
perfected, and money might well be spent for this pur¬ 
pose at once. R- P- lovett. 
Bucks Co., Pa. 
An Auto Hog Incident 
\Ve have been reading about tbe “auto hogs” in The 
|{. X.-Y. with considerable interest. 1 think 1 can tell 
a good story about auto hogs, too. A farmer noticed an 
auto in the vicinity of his berry patch, and discovered 
several people busily gathering his berries. lie hastily 
procured a can. emptied their tank of gasoline and car¬ 
ried it to his own car. What happened next he did not 
tell, but lie certainly made a grand beginning. 
MRS. .1. B. 
H E did, and we hope lie carried it through to a 
grand ending. It must have been a scene for 
a thrilling moving picture when those berry pickers 
came hack with their stolen fruit and undertook to 
start the ear. We do not encourage lawlessness in 
meeting tnese thieves, but there are times when the 
plan of calling in the constable becomes a farce. At 
such times we believe in enforcing the law as best 
we can, the main object being to make these auto 
hogs realize that they step on dangerous ground 
when they enter our premises. 
Robust Silage Corn. Fig. 2) 
Mounting u Grindstone. Fig. 22 
