133 
RURAL NEW-YORKER 
EAVY LOSSES 
grow together, and the form of the tree will not 
o vein her caused grea t havoc to have been sacrificed. 
parts of Massachusetts, Rhode REMOVING BROKEN LIMBS._Young trees 
icut. The damage occurred on which are badly broken down, even though it might 
Hu* high lands, while in the valleys there was little be possible to repair them, should have these broken 
or no loss by breaking. The damage was not con- limbs removed, as it may be more economical to 
fined to a few shade trees, but it was general; trees grow a new head than to take the time and materials 
in the woods were snapped off or broken over, trees to retain the original head, and also run the risk 
about buildings were more or less demolished, streets of having some of these limbs break down later, 
were impassable because of broken trees, broken Where there is a large amount of work to be done, 
telephone and electric wires. The damage in fruit and the amount of skilled labor available is not 
orchards was variable; in some cases the entire sufficient to complete the work before Spring growth 
tree was broken off at the ground and became a starts, cutting out the broken limbs should "be prac- 
total loss; many trees are broken apart; others have ticed. It will be better to cut out the split and 
one or more limbs broken or split; some can be broken limbs this season, rather than to run the 
repaired; others will have to be cut back, leaving risk of not getting the work done, and the growth 
perhaps one limb, which represents 15 per cent of of the tree directed into the broken limbs in place 
tlie original bead of the tree. of developing new branches. 
ORCHARD REPORTS.—The writer visited several PEACH TREES.—Peach trees which are badly 
orchards in Woodstock, Conn., where the ice earned broken will, in most cases, develop a new top. The 
as much damage as perhaps occurred 
anywhere. The oldest inhabitants had -— _ ; _—— 
AMOUNT OF MATERIAL USED.—Tt is no doubt 
safer to use tlie minimum of materials and make 
more frequent treatments than to use too strong. 
Our work has shown that the fly will be controlled 
about as well by using one-fourtli ounce per 1.000 
cubic feet of space of cyanide of soda or potassium 
as with more. Then, as the acid is not 
T expensive, I use twice as much acid as 
cyanide, and twice as much water as 
' :\ acid. Or in other words, in a house 
Cf having 5,070 cubic feet we use IV. 
ME l HOD OF DOING THE WORK. 
I like to do this work on a damp 
evening, as at this time the joints 
between glass will be well sealed 
with moisture so as to hold the gas. 
We do not put the whole of the pro¬ 
ducts in one dish, but prefer several 
dishes. For this purpose we get 
dishes similar to oatmeal dishes, using 
three in a house of this size. In each 
dish then we begin by putting in two 
outiees of water, then the one ounce of 
sulphuric acid. The dishes are then 
set in place by distributing about the 
house. The cyanide we weigh out into 
little paper candy sacks, one-half 
ounce in each. When in the sacks, the 
Shade Trees Broken by Ice. Fig. 
cases tlie split limb must be removed, leaving a mis- 
sliapeu tree, but the space in a young tree will soon 
correct itself. Some trees have limbs which have 
split down, but have not been broken enough t<» spoil 
their usefulness to produce a crop of fruit; some of 
these limbs cun bo left to mature a crop of fruit 
this coming season, but should be removed next 
season. In the meantime the balance of the tree 
can be more nearly maintained, and new growth may 
have occurred which will partially take the place of 
the limb, which will be removed a year later. Other 
young trees should have the split limbs drawn into 
place and secured by wire trusses, the same as for 
the larger trees, except that the materials used will 
be lighter. The split or wound will iu many cases 
remaining on a badly damaged tree should be 
allowed to grow during the coming season, at least 
until new growth can take its place, even though the 
tree is all out of balance and shape. 
Connecticut Agricultural College, s. p. holt.isteu. 
Greenhouse White Fly 
AS TREATMENT,—Recently much is being 
written about tin* control of this very trouble¬ 
some insect. Some have mentioned a spray. I have 
never seen it so controlled. For the past 15 year's 
we have been using hydrocyanic gas for this work. 
Many think this is too dangerous to use. Some say 
it is too expensive. The first statement may be true 
THE EXPENSE.—Some one has said that treat¬ 
ing houses in this way is too expensive. For this 
house which I have mentioned, which is IS ft. wide 
and 42 ft. long, otmees of cyanide of soda will 
cost approximately three cents; the three ounces of 
commercially pure sulphuric acid will cost 17 s cents; 
the water nothing. The time occupied iu doing the 
work not to exceed one-half hour at 60 cents per 
hour is 30 cents, making the total cost, of treating 
this House approximately 35 cents. About three 
treatments from 10 to 14 days apart should be given, 
tlieu quite a period may pass with no treatment. In 
all three or four treatments for a season should be 
sufficient if the houses are well cleaned up in the 
Summer rest period. a. t. stevens* 
