244 
Tht RURAL NEW-YORKER 
February IS, 1022 
Sagt 
V. M® 
VI 
“What is a 
Balanced Ration?” 
A balanced ration for cows consists of a combination 
of ROUGHAGE AND FEED containing in correct 
proportion all of the required food nutrients for normal 
maintenance, growth and milk production. 
Roughage is grown on the farm and as none of it con¬ 
tains enough food value for maintenance of the cow 
and milk production, the question of balancing the 
ration is the problem of furnishing in a feed what is 
lacking in the roughage. 
But roughage varies in nutritive content, which neces¬ 
sitates a different feed for each class of roughage to 
make the same balanced ration. 
To compound the ration, therefore, it is necessary to 
take into account ALL the nutrients the cow receives— 
FROM BOTH THE ROUGHAGE AND THE CON¬ 
CENTRATES. 
That is why so many dairymen have found the way 
to successful feeding in 
TI-O-GA 
JL FEED SERVICE 
The preparation of a balanced ration is the work of 
one, who knows the cow’s requirements and the nutritive 
values of roughages and feeds. Through its nutrition ex¬ 
pert, TIOGA FEED SERVICE classifies roughages into 
three groups and supplies three different feeds; one to 
properly balance with each class of roughage. 
With the combination of your roughage and Tioga 
Dairy Feeds, therefore, you can feed a correctly bal¬ 
anced ration, which will keep your cows in the pink of 
condition and produce milk at the lowest cost. You can 
also successfully make changes from one roughage to 
another and maintain the same balanced ration by 
changing at the same time to the Tioga Dairy Feed 
intended to be used with the roughage fed. 
RED BRAND TIOGA DAIRY FEED forms a 
balanced ration with low protein succulent roughage, 
silage, pasturage, green fodder, etc. 
WHITE BRAND TIOGA DAIRY FEED forms a 
balanced ration with medium protein dry roughage, 
timothy hay, mixed hay, corn fodder, etc. 
BLUE BRAND TIOGA DAIRY FEED forms a 
balanced ration with high protein dry roughage, clover 
hay, alfalfa hay, etc. 
A book on TIOGA FEED SERVICE, giving 
classification of roughage and what Feed to use with 
each to form a balanced ration, will be sent free on 
request. 
Tioga Mill & Elevator Co, 
Waverly, N. Y. 
.sasss?*; 
r RED 
§?■ BRAND f. 
: 
if 
t 
!> 
1* 
!> 
i? 
w 
Use the Tl-O-GA Dairy Feed 
which forms a balanced ration 
with your own roughage. 
The same careful service is 
furnished through: 
EGAT1NE 
the feed that makes hena lay 
TI-O-GA Calf Food 
the food that 
makes calves grow 
Tl-O-GA 
Fancy Recleaned Seed Oat* 
Treated for Smut 
Live Stock Matters 
Conducted By Prof. F. C. Minkler 
Ration with Oats and Barley 
For roughage I have silage and hay, 
part clover and Timothy. In the grain 
line I have oats and barley. My cows 
are grades, Holsteins and Guernseys. 
Pennsylvania. a. v. 
Allow your cows all of the roughage 
that they will consume, and all of the 
mixed hay that they will dean lip with 
relish. A 1.000-lb. cow will require about 
;J5 lbs. of silage and 10 to 12 lbs, of hay. 
To supplement oats and barley. I should 
purchase loan, cottonseed meal, linseed 
meal, and gluten : 200 lbs. hurley. 200 
lbs. oats, 200 lbs. bran. 100 lbs. oilmen!, 
150 lbs. cottonseed meal. 150 lbs. gluten. 
Feeding Calf 
I have a calf eight months old that I 
am feeding one part bran, one part mid¬ 
dlings, and one corn meal; also clover hay. 
Salt in a block is before her at all times. 
Could you improve on this? C. B. r. 
New York. 
A ration consisting of three parts of 
bran, two parts of ground oats, two parts 
_ .■ePgvj 
^ -1 t - 1 
ing the surface after the hair has been 
clipped off with iodine some of the swell¬ 
ing may be. absorbed, but we never had 
any satisfactory results in trying to treat 
such bruises. Keep plenty of bedding 
under the cow. Often veterinarians can 
operate and relieve the condition, but 
generally any local treatment only com¬ 
plicates the soreness by irritating ihe 
surface. My advice would be to let it 
alone, for if it is of two years’ standing 
it is doubtful whether it will get much 
worse, uml since the cow is doing well I 
would not disturb her milk flow. 
Ration for Holsteins 
Will you give a ration for 10 Holstein 
cows? I have ground oats, cornmeal, oil- 
meal. cottonseed meal, and wheat bran, 
and roughage consisting of shredded corn 
fodder, silage, and mixed liay. 
Ohio. e- »• w. s. 
Assuming that your cows are average 
producers, and that they are to be pro¬ 
vided with all the roughage, such as corn 
Making Himself One of the Family 
We often have pictures of little chil- tusks. When a man takes such chances, 
dren mounted on big hogs, or standing however, it is quite a dill event matter, 
beside them. We do not like such pic- The man in the picture seems to be shar- 
tures, because we cannot help thinking ing his dinner with his little white friends, 
what would happen if through some acci- Well, a man might have worse compau- 
dent these big brutes should turn on the ions than a family of pigs, 
child and give it one thrust with their 
of cornmeal, one part of oilmeal, and one 
part of wheat middiugs would be more 
suitable for calves under eight months 
old. Allow the calf free access to clover 
hay, and keep salt available at all times. 
Feed all of the grain ration that the calf 
will clean up with relish three times a 
day. 
Ration Without Silage 
Will you give me a balanced grain ra¬ 
tion for cows giving milk tlmt will keep 
them in right, flesh and produce milk. I 
have four fresh ones and live springers. 
I can get almost any kind of grain. For 
roughage I have oats on the straw and 
mixed hay ; no silage. F. B. 
New Y'ork, 
For the dry cows use a mixture con¬ 
sisting of equal parts of cornmeal. wheat 
bran, ground oats, and oilmeal. For the 
cows in milk use: 200 lbs. bran, 150 lbs. 
oats, 300 lbs. hominy or cornmeal, 150 
lbs. cottonseed meal, 200 lbs. gluten. This 
combination will enable the animals to 
maintain their flesh and to yield milk eco¬ 
nomically. Make sure that they are pro¬ 
vided with a leafy roughage, and add 
about one and one-half per cent of salt. 
Cow with Swollen Knee 
I have a cow that slipped on concrete 
floor, injuring knee, which is swollen to 
about the size of a two-quart pail. She 
is giving about 30 ibs. of milk a day and 
is farrow. Is there anything I Can do to 
reduce the swelling? She does not go 
lame, but it seems to have fever in it. It 
has been getting larger for about two 
years. E. H. 
New York. 
Since your eow r does not go lame, the 
injury to her knee is perhaps more un¬ 
sightly than painful. No doubt the pocket 
is filled with fluid joint water, and any 
attempt to drain it would only compli¬ 
cate your problem. Sometimes by paint- 
fodder, silage, and mixed bay, that they 
will clean up with relish each day, satis¬ 
factory results would follow the use of 
a mixture consisting of 150 lbs. oafs, 200 
lbs. cornmeal. 150 lbs. oilmeal, 250 lbs. 
cottonseed meal, and 250 lbs. wheat bran. 
This combination carries about 19 per 
cent of crude protein. 
Fitting Horses for Sale 
I wish to lit up m.v horses for an auc¬ 
tion sale, and 1 have but two weeks and 
two days to do it. ! have cornmeal. oil¬ 
meal. and mixed bright, hay. mostly Blue- 
grass. for feed. 1 wish to know how r to 
mix this feed and what must be added to 
make a balanced ration, and what amount 
one could feed for best results, provided I 
give them a little exercise. b. F. II. 
It will lie quite impossible to fit horses 
for the sale on two weeks’ notice. Per¬ 
haps the use of a wool blanket to smooth 
down the coat would make a better show¬ 
ing than an attempt at this time to put 
a lot of feed under their coats. A grain 
ration consisting of equal parts of corn¬ 
meal, ground oats, wheat bran, and oil¬ 
meal would he satisfactory, and you 
should feed approximately 2 lbs. of this 
mixture per day Cor each 100 lbs, of live 
weight. For instance, if the horse weighs 
1,00ft lbs., feed him approximately 20 lbs. 
of grain per day and all the Timothy hay 
that lie will consume once daily. Start 
with about 10 lbs. of grain per day and 
increase this gradually until the 20 lbs. 
is reached. Keep the horses blanketed 
and this will improve their appearance 
very much. 
Dimensions of Septic Tank 
Please give me tin* measurements of a 
septic tank for a 12-room Cottage. 
Holliston, Mass. o. A. F. 
For a single-chamber septic tank, as de¬ 
scribed in ttie October 30. 1920, issue of 
this paper, inside dimensions may he 6 ft. 
in length, 3jA ft. in width, and 5’A ft. in 
depth. This depth permits a gas cham¬ 
ber of 1 ft. in depth above the surface. 
M. B. D. 
