23G 
The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
February 25, 1922 
browns 
CUT-PRICE 
I CATALOG 
Cyclone/Fence 
MAY 
Hi ilium;-! intiu 
iiiiiiiinnj 
RiHnwKWSi 1 -**•'**** 
Qyahty 
Money Now! 
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savings. And remember— 
SAVED $60 
"I saved about $60 on my 
wire according (o prices here.” 
Nathan Leggett, boulder, Colo. 
SAVED $58.43 
You saved me 10 8-4 cents per 
rod on woven Hog Fence, and 
76 cents per spool on Barb Wire 
making $68.4:1 in all. 
E.D.Matheny.Okolona, Miss. 
The prices you see in my big Cut-Price Catalof 
pay every cent of the freight. This gives you 
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WRITE ME NOW SS.sK 
high retail prices when you can by DIRECT 
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Jim Brown, Pres. 
THE BROWN FENCE & WIRE CO. 
Dept. 592 C Cleveland, Ohio 
Jim Brown, Pres. , THE BROWN FENCE & WIRE CO. 
Dept. 192 C, Cleveland, Ohio 
Dear Jim: 
Send me your new Cut-Price Catalog. I 
want to see how much lower your prices are 
on Fence, Gates, Steel Posts, Rooling and Paints. 
Name 
FARM WAGONS 
High or low wheels—steel or wood—wide 
z£7 or narrow tires. Steel or wood wheels to fit any 
FySb running gear. Wagon parts of all kinds. Write 
X*today for free catalog illustrated in colors. 
ELECTRIC WHEEL CO* 48 Elm Street, Quincy, IIL 
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Y Engine, belt, hot**-. M_ 
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COLLINS PLOW CO. 
Hampihirt St .iQuincXt 111^ 
2044 
The Farmer His 
Own Builder 
By IL Armstrong Roberts 
A practical and 
handy book of all 
kinds of building 
information from 
concrete to carpen¬ 
try. Price $1.50, 
For sale by! 
TIIE 
RURAL NEW-YORKER 
333 W-30th St.. N. V. 
lVjUHTJ 
i KITSELMAN FENCE 
~ PRICES ACAIN REDUCED. Wo Pay 
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- from Factory to Perm. Write for'Free 
- Catalog of Farm,Poultry and Lawn banco 
AN BROS. Dept.230MUNCIE. INDIANA 
ijEKSflS MfflBBT® 
KITS ELI 
Farm Mechanics 
Conducted by Robert H. Smith, of the Canton Agricultural School 
Canton, New York 
Pull of Horses in Team 
What proportion of the load does each 
horse draw hitched in the following way : 
A horse is hooked 20 in. from center of 
ovener: B horse is hooked 22 in. from 
center of cvcucr. L, u. K. 
In the ovener, as in any other lever, 
the pull on one side of the fulcrum, or 
middle hitch, limes he length of the evoner 
arm, will equal the product of the pull or 
resistance on the other side of the ful¬ 
crum and' the length of that ovener arm. 
In this case we know the lengths of the 
ovener arms. 20 in. and 22 in,, respec¬ 
tively, but we do not know the load or the 
percentage of the load that will he pulled 
by the horses attached to each, If, how¬ 
ever, we represent the total load by 100 
per cent, we can represent the share of 
the load pulled by one horse by X per 
cent, and the share of the load pulled by 
the other will then be 100 per cent, plus 
X per cent. The problem can then bo 
stated as follows: 
Let 100 per cent equal the total load: 
X per cent equals the share of load 
pulled by horse attached to 20-in. end of 
evener (A1 ; 100 per cent, plus X per 
cent, equals the share of the load at¬ 
tached to the 22-in. end of the evener and 
pulled by (B). Then 20 multiplied by 
X per cent equals 22 X (100 per cent 
minus X per cent), or 20X per cent 
equals 2.200 per cent, minus 22X per 
cent. Bringing the unknown quantities to 
the game side of the equation, we have : 
20X per cent, plus 22X per cent, equals 
2,200. or 42X per cent equals 2.200. and 
X per cent equals 2.200 divided by 42 
equals 52.4 per cent nearly, equals share 
nulled by (A) : then 100 per cent, minus 
X per cent, equals 100 per cent, minus 
52.4 per cent equals 47.6 per cent, 
equals share pulled by (B). 
Putting it in another way, out of a 
total pull of 100 lira. (A) will pull about 
52.4 lbs., while (B), on the long end of 
the evener. will puli 47.0 lbs. 
This will hold true only so long as the 
horses walk evenly. With the evener ns 
ordinarily arranged, with the center hitch 
ahead of the end hitches, the horse that 
walks ahead has the advantage, and has 
less of the load to draw. Where the cen¬ 
ter hitch, is behind, as is the case when 
a chain is used in the "D” or clevis at the 
hack of the evener, the reverse is true, and 
the horse that is behind has the advantage 
over his mate, pulling a smaller share 
of the load. 
Water Pressure 
I have an irrigating system run by a 
pyramid pump which is driven by a three- 
horsepower engine. Everything works all 
right, but I do not get a steady stream. 
Can you tell me where the trouble is? 
Hamden, Conn. e. k. 
There are many causes that might he 
responsible for this effect. The pump 
mentioned is a single cylinder, double¬ 
acting pump; that is, it pumps water on 
both the to and fro motions of the piston 
or plunger. Although this is true, there 
is an instant at the end of each stroke 
where the piston has to stop and begin 
motion in the other direction. During 
this instant the water column stops, and 
this gives rise to the pulsations which T 
expect you will find are in exact time 
with the stroke of the pump. To over¬ 
come this condition an air chamber is 
placed on the pump, some of the water 
being forced into it during the stroke of 
the pump, and compressing the air above 
it, the compressed air acting to force the 
water out and keep the flow up during 
the instant that the piston is changing its 
direction. If the air chamber becomes 
full or nearly full of water this cushion¬ 
ing effect, will be lost, ami (he pulsations 
of the pump will be more apparent in the 
flow. Also, even though the air chamber 
he free from water, the pulsations will 
not nil be absorbed if the discharge pipe 
is short. If the pulsations are objection¬ 
able. and it is found that the air chamber 
of the pump is free from water and air¬ 
tight, a second air chamber made from a 
short length of large pipe attached near 
the pump will help to cushion the shock 
of tin* pump, although perhaps not giving 
an absolutely steady flow, such as you 
would obtain from a city system where 
the water was gravity fed from a stand¬ 
pipe. _ 
Speed of Saw 
TIow many revolutions per minute 
must my engine run to turn a 28-in. cut 
of saw at its regular speed? My engine 
is eight horsepower; pulley is 22 in. in 
diameter. The engine could make 310 
revolutions per minute; that is as fast ns 
it could run. I run it too fast and am 
afraid to work by it. The saw mandrel 
carries G-in. pulley, and everything runs 
too fast. J- 8. 
The recognized standard speed for cir¬ 
cular wood saws is a peripheral speed of 
10,000 ft. per minute. This means that, 
any point on the edge of the saw would 
be traveling at this rate—10,000 ft. per 
minute—and should the saw be free to 
run along the ground while revolving at 
this speed it would travel a distance of 
10,000 ft., or nearly two miles, in a min¬ 
ute's time. As you will see, this calls 
for a different number of revolutions for 
saws of different sizes, a small saw hav¬ 
ing to run much faster to maintain this 
rim speed than would a large oue. With 
a 30-in. saw a speed of about 1.250 r. p. 
m. would be needed to secure this rim 
speed. With pulleys and speeds as given, 
engine 22 in., speed 310, and saw man¬ 
drel pulley 0 in., your saw would make 
about 1,140 r. p. m., which with a 30-in. 
saw would give you a rim speed of less 
than 9,000 ft. per minute, which is al¬ 
ready below the standard speed. 
However, such a saw will cut well if 
run nt a much lower speed, the rate of 
cutting of course being less. It is prob¬ 
able that your saw frame vibrates due to 
lack of balance iu the wheel when run¬ 
ning at high speed, and iu this case I 
would reduce the engine speed to about 
220 r. p. in., which will give the saw man¬ 
drel a speed of approximately 800 c. p. 
m. if the present pulleys nre used. You 
may find, however, when the engine speed 
is reduced to this extent that the power 
will not be sufficient for best work, and 
in that case I would recommend running 
the engine at its normal speed of 310 r. 
p. m., and putting an 8%-in. pulley on 
the saw mandrel, which will give the 
same speed. B. h. s. 
Triplex Plunge Pump 
I atn going to buy a new pump and am 
thinking of getting a single-acting triplex 
plunger pump. Would like your opinion 
of this pump for an even flow. e. K. 
Hamden, Conn. 
It is probable that the "triplex” pump 
mentioned will give you a more even flow 
than the single cylinder double-acting 
pump now in use, although it is doubtful 
if it will entirely overcome the uneven¬ 
ness of the discharge from the nozzles, 
The three-cylinder pump tliai you men¬ 
tion is single action, while your former 
single-cylinder pump was double action. 
This means that the three-clinder pump 
will have hut one more impulse per revo¬ 
lution thnu the former pump, instead of 
three times as many, as oue might think. 
The capacity is probably somewhat great¬ 
er, and this would tend to even lip the 
flow from the nozzles, for with a small 
capacity pump the pressure will drop 
greatly between the strokes. A large air 
chamber, together with a pump of suffi¬ 
cient capacity to furnish water faster 
than it could escape from the nozzles, 
should give a uniform discharge. With 
an installation of this kind it would be 
necessary to provide a relief valve which 
would permit water to escape back to the 
well and maintain the air chamber at a 
constant pressure. R. H. s. 
Timber for Balloon-frame Barn 
T am planning a barn about 40x00, 
with something like 18-ft. posts, largely 
for hay storage, but with au 8-ft, floor 
for cattle under the hay loft. I want to 
unload with liay-fork. and should like a 
balloon-frame barn. But 1 have a lot of 
dead chestnut timber that should he cut, 
and that I want to use in the frame. It 
is small, and I cannot cut much of any 
2x6s from it. Can I build any kind of 
balloon-frame barn with it? I can get 
u good deal of straight stuff, and think it 
ought to go into GxOs where large enough, 
but a lot of it will have to he sawed only 
on two sides to make this size. There 
are probably about 1.500 tiesjn the piece, 
which is the equivalent of 50,000 board 
feet. In fact, we could get nearly double 
this. But the tie market is poor, the 
stuff must be cut, and it seems as if there 
should be economy iu using it rather 
than selling it and buying other lumber. 
Cun you advise? What is the best type 
of door for hay fork opening? I want to 
unload from outside, E. D. C. 
It seems to me from the description 
furnished that the chestnut. you have on 
hand is rather small from which to at- 
tenin*: to get a frame for a barn of this 
size. Cannot this material be worked up 
into sheathing and ceiling, and used ag 
roof covering and inside ceiling, rather 
than attempting to use it as framing lum¬ 
ber? 
I note that you intend building 40 ft. 
in width. Unless this width is selected 
because of some special reason, I would 
suggest that you consider a width of 3G ft. 
instead. This width gives ample room 
for two rows of cows, permits more ef¬ 
ficient lighting, and permits the Use of 
standard lengths of lumber to better ad¬ 
vantage, and with less waste. As to the 
gable doors, there seems to be little choice 
between double doors hinged at the sides 
to swing out and counter-balanced rolling 
doors hung to a track placed parallel with 
the roof pitch. In the case of the swing 
doors, the upper part of the door should 
he hinged to fold down horizontally over 
the lower part of the door, and thus per¬ 
mit swinging flat against the gable beneath 
the eaves. In the case of either type of 
doors', the hangings should he strong and 
the work 1 well done, insuring a door that 
will he free from the necessity of repairs. 
