7ht RURAL NEW-YORKER 
387 
The Sheep Growers Win 
At last, almost for the first time in 
history, through the combined efforts of 
the organized sheep growers, graded Xew 
York State wools hove been offered to 
the manufacturers, and very satisfactory 
prices have been thereby secured—a sav¬ 
ing of from $150,000' to $200,000 as a 
result of co-operntion. But it is the 
principle involved that is worth more 
than the money—the principle that the 
producers have the intelligence and the 
determination to work out better and 
more economical systems for marketing 
the products of their labors. The sheep 
growers have accepted the slogan, “We 
must do it ourselves.” 
In a previous issue of Tub R. N.-Y. 
(page 81) a report was given setting 
forth the recognized commercial grades 
of Xew York State wools. The wools 
produced in 1920 and 1021 were sold on 
these grades at prices ranging from 25 
cents per pound for the lower grades of 
rejects up to 44 cents per pound for the 
delaines. These same wools, had the 
growers been obliged to sell them in the 
old way, would not have returned them 
an average of 15 cents per pound. Even 
today the misguided sheep growers—espe¬ 
cially those who do not believe in co¬ 
operation. nr else are sitting on the fence 
“waiting to sec how it comes out”—are 
selling their wools to local huyers at 
prices ranging from IS to 25 cents. 
The scareheud has been subdued, for it 
never existed. Silly reports have been 
circulated that the. wool growers would 
be penalized by the dealers and manu¬ 
facturers for attempting to handle their 
own wools, for objecting to a continua¬ 
tion of the old uneconomical system of 
marketing wool. Here is the truth: 
Every pound of these pooled wools has 
been sold direct to the manufacturers. 
Four different mills took the greater por¬ 
tion. and one mill took nearly two-thirds 
of the entire lot. One large manufac¬ 
turer writes: “We arc interested in get¬ 
ting in touch with the grower. * * * 
AVill your people have more wool to sell 
us next year?” 
The men who participated in this 
movement should be commended for their 
faith and patience. Two years is a long 
time for farmers to wait for returns from 
the sale of a product that has cost them 
days of tiresome labor. But the satis¬ 
faction that comes from the knowledge 
that “/co i< in"—this is a part of the re¬ 
ward. and especially at this time, when 
their lines are sore pressed by doubt. 
One after the o iler the various groups of 
farmers are lighting through to success, 
and bow it heartens the other groups to 
hear the shout eome hurtling across the 
country— ice win/ 
This is not the end. There still re¬ 
mains much to he done in the way of 
perfecting our machinery for carrying 
out our plans for more economical sys¬ 
tems of marketing our goods. Relation¬ 
ships between those who desire to parti¬ 
cipate in these co-operative movements 
must be so definite that there shall never 
be any doubt as to the intention and re¬ 
liability of the farmer participating. The 
officers of the co-operative associations, 
when they are chosen to carry out the 
work, must have something more than a 
man’s say-so to depend on if they are to 
direct and create the machinery and sys¬ 
tems for a successful co-operative ven¬ 
ture. The fear of contracts must be 
wiped out. and every man must agree to 
stand by in such a way that there never 
will be any doubt as to his loyalty and 
intentions. F. E. Robertson. 
Factory Septic Tank 
In your issue of October 30, 1920, you 
describe a septic tank for family use. The 
size given is 0 ft. 3 in. long, 3 ft. 0 in. 
wide and 5 ft. 6 iu. deep. Our factory 
is situated outside of city, and the bor¬ 
ough council will not allow us to dig a 
cesspool with a sand bottom. We were 
wondering if a larger septic tank would 
take care of sewage from TOO to 125 men, 
and what size it would require to do this. 
There is a small stream running through 
our property, which is u*ed by the various 
morocco factories for their drainage, but 
is used also by a pulp manufacturer, who 
objects to our polluting it. it. d. D. 
Elsinore, Del. 
I see no reason why a septic tank 
should not answer your purpose satisfac¬ 
torily. They are in common use at hotels 
and other institutions where a large num¬ 
ber of people are to be served. Needed 
sizes do not seem to have been very well 
worked out. though a tank should be large 
enough to hold the entire volume of sew¬ 
age discharged into it in one day A size 
of 12 ft, in length by (5 ft. in width and 
*> ft. in inside depth is recommended by 
the State Board of Health of New Hamp¬ 
shire where 125 people are to lie provided 
for. t This seems to me unnecessarily 
large, and particularly so where the Use 
is to ho only that by men working through 
the day. I know of no exact measure¬ 
ments that can be given as the minimum, 
however. 
The outflow from the tank should not 
be discharged into a stream the waters 
of which' are used for domestic purposes. 
This efflueul may be colorless and odor¬ 
less, but it is not sterile, and may con¬ 
tain disease germs. If it is desired to 
discharge intu tl ,M stream spoken of, the 
consent of the State Board of Health 
should first be obtained. M. u. d. 
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