The RURAL. NEW-YORKER 
587 
Farm Mechanics 
By Robert H. Smith 
Increasing Power of Ram 
My buildings air supplied with water 
from a spring-fed brook which is (JO or 
70 ft. below the house, and is pumped tip 
by a hydraulic ram. The ram works 
with very little trouble, but does pot fur¬ 
nish enough water. What additional 
water would be delivered by placing an¬ 
other ram beside (he one in use and 
running into tile same supply pipe with 
a ‘*Y”? Of course an extra feed pipe 
would be laid to the new ram. It seems 
to me that the second ram should be 
able to more than double the water sent 
up by the one, ns all the weight of water 
in the pipe has to be overcome by the 
one, and will not be any greater with the 
two. The pipe from ram to buildings is 
% in., and the water pumped would not 
more than fill a % in. pipe. B, H.F. 
Mayfield. X. Y. 
Whether or not a second ram can be 
added in the way that you suggest de¬ 
pends upon the supply of water avail¬ 
able. If the spring furnishes enough 
water to drive a second ram it could be 
doue. It, however, would not increase 
the supply of water at the house as much 
as you seem to think, at» the velocity in 
the pipe would be increased by the addi¬ 
tion of the second ram. which would both 
increase the quantity of water lifted and 
the pipe friction or resistance tn flow as 
well. The quantity of water discharged 
by a pipe is uot entirely dependent upon 
its size, but upon the velocity of flow as 
well, and the weight to he lifted of course 
depends upon the quantity of water dis¬ 
charged. If the spring is capable of fur¬ 
nishing a sufficient supply it would seem 
to be the better plan to exchange the ram 
for a larger one. 
It seems strange that a ram of this 
size, operating continually, will not fur¬ 
nish sufficient water for household use. 
If piped to a small rank, holding a bar¬ 
rel or so, in the attic, and the overflow 
from this allowed to escape to the barn 
or go to waste, the tnnkful is always at 
hand for immediate use. the water is 
always fresh, and it is seldom that more 
than a barrel of water is desired at a 
time. A ram of the size to use a %-in. 
delivery pipe should pump at the least 
15 gallons per hour, and under good con¬ 
ditions should deliver twice this amount, 
or roughly, a barrel an hour. It is pos¬ 
sible that your drive pipe is clogged, that 
your valves are out of condition, or that 
the air bell is waterlogged. 
Cleaning a Well 
I have recently moved on a farm on 
which there is a dug well 40 ft. deep, 
which I know has always been very good 
water until the last year or so. There 
is a small opening at the top of the wall, 
and a rabbit has fallen in the well. I 
have a pump nud engine, and expect to 
pump out the water and clean out the 
dirt which has settled at the bottom, and 
would like to know what else I can do 
to he sure of having good clean water 
again, r. c. t. 
Frenchtown, X. J. 
About the only thing that can be done 
for (bis well is to clean it thoroughly, as 
you have suggested. Pump the water out 
completely, remove the dirt from the bot¬ 
tom of the well and wash down the sides 
thoroughly, scrubbing them down with a 
broom. This cleaning cannot be done too 
thoroughly, and after the well has again 
filled it should be pumped out a second 
time before using the water for house¬ 
hold purposes. The use of lime in the 
well after cleaning will help to clear the 
water and probably will make it easier 
for you to use the water. However, 
absolute cleanliness in pumping out the 
water and scrubbing down the well is the 
only thing to be relied upon. After 
cleaning it is needless to say that the 
upper TO ft", of the well should be 
cemented and the top provided with a 
tight covering to prevent the entrauce of 
surface water. earthworms, insects, 
snakes, toads and small burrowing ani¬ 
mals, such as moles. 
Timber for Barn Building 
I am about to build a barn, and have 
elm. beech and basswood for the frame. 
Which is best for sills and joists in point 
of durability and strength? Are beech 
and dm subject to attack of wood borer, 
which leaves it full of small holes, as I 
have seen old timber? Is there a remedy? 
Is basswood suitable for rafters? 
Fnirport, N. Y. C. s, B. 
If this material ts kept dry any of it 
will be satisfactory, as far as durability 
is concerned. On the other hand, none 
of the varieties mentioned are very dur¬ 
able if subjected to dampness. The beech 
and elm. however, will show a consider¬ 
able tendency to warp, and do not make 
the best of building materials. I cannot 
say which of the woods referred to are 
most likely to be attacked by the borer 
referred to, or whether there is any differ¬ 
ence. If is thought, however, that peel¬ 
ing, if the lumber is left in the round 
state, is a cheek on their work, and I 
would also expect that treatment with 
one of the creosote preservatives would 
either prevent or check their work. Treat¬ 
ment with the wood preservative length¬ 
ens the life considerably as far as decay is 
concerned ns well. 
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