700 
The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
The Rural New-Yorker 
THE BV SIS ESS FARMER'S PAPER 
A National Weekly Journal for Country and Suburban Homes 
Established iitsO 
I’ublislied weekly by the Rural rublbliiu? Company, 33ft West 30lh Street,New Fork 
Hbkrwkt w. collingwooh, President and Kditor. 
John' J. Dillon, Tfematm' and Grnnrnl Mnnagrer. 
WaL F. Dillon. Secretary, Mas. V T. Rovlk. Associate Kditor. 
SUBSCRIPTION : ONE DOLLAR A YEAR 
To foreign countries in tlie TTfitversnl Post«.l fnion, $S.0i. Remit in money 
order, express order, personal check or batik draft. 
Entered at New York Post Office as Second Class Hatter. 
Advertising rates, *1.00 per arute line—7 words. References required for 
advertisers unknown to us ; nud cash must accompany transient orders. 
“A SQUARE DRAT,” 
We believe that every advertisement in this paper is backed by a respon¬ 
sible person. We use every possible precaution and admit the advertising of 
reliable houses only. But to make doubly sure, we will make good any loss 
to paid subscribers sustained by trusting any deliberate swindler, irrespon¬ 
sible advertisers or mislejnitng advertisements in our columns, and any 
such swindler will tw publicly exposed. Wo are also often called upon 
to adjust difference* or mistakes between our subscribe™ and honest, 
responsible houses, wlicther advertisers Of not. We willingly use ottr good 
cilices to this end, but such cases should not be confused with dishonest 
transactions. Wo protect subscribers against rogues, but we will not bo 
responsible for the debts of honest bankrupts sanctioned by the courts. 
Notice of the complaint must, be sent to us within one month of the time of 
the transaction, and to Identify it, you should mention Tint Riuai. Nkw- 
Yorkrii when writing the advert iser. 
Having more papers than I could read, I recently 
suggested that we stop The R. N.-Y. But such a 
chorus of protest arose from Mrs. Swanton and the 
children that we reconsidered the matter at once. En¬ 
closed please find $1 for renewal. g. E. swanton. 
Maine. 
T HERE -was a time when mother and the chil¬ 
dren took what came and said little. Now 
they usually decide the character of the home 
literature. 
* 
W E have had many calls from readers who ask 
how and where they can register the name 
of their farm. The United States Department of 
Agriculture suggests making the farm name a trade¬ 
mark and having it registered at the Patent Oflice 
it. Washington. Many farmers do not care for any 
trademark—they just want to make sure that the 
farm name will not he duplicated. On inquiry at 
Albany we have the following regarding New York 
State farms: 
You are informed that farm names are registered in 
the office of the county clerk of the county wherein the 
farm is located. .torn j. Lyons, 
Secretary of State. 
That looks easy, hut some of our people tell us 
that the country clerk reports that he knows nothing 
about it It. ought to be as easy to record a farm 
name as it is to register any other document. 
* 
On page 674 you speak of “auto hogs” and a Dela¬ 
ware law which prescribes a punishment of whipping 
for robbery. This rousl be a joke. If there is any such 
Jaw you surely would not advocate it for petty theft of 
fruit and oilier farm produce. A farmer should be 
willing out of his abundance to give such little things 
away, a, m. c. 
W E were speaking quite seriously. We are in¬ 
formed that the Delaware law referred to is 
No. 4716, Section 20, in relation to robbery. The 
following quotation is made from it: 
"If any person shall feloniously take from the person 
of another by violence or by putting in fear, any money 
or other property, or thing, which may be the subject 
of larceny, he shall be deemed guilty of robbery and 
felony: and, if such robbery be committed on or near 
tbe highway, or in a dwelling house, he shall be fined 
not less than $500, shall be whipped at the county jail 
with 40 lashes, and shall be imprisoned for not less 
than 20 years.” 
Most of the auto hogs do not steal with violence. 
They are mostly too cowardly for that. They prefer 
to sneak in and steal. Some of them, however, bluff 
and threaten when their crowd outnumbers the 
farmer’s family. In all seriousness, we. believe that 
a sound whipping would do more to cure these auto 
bogs than any other form of punishment. Most of 
such petty rascals get off too easily. The fine does 
not disturb them, and they are too tough to be 
shamed by any lecture. We think, however, that a 
feAv well-directed blows with a whip or paddle ad¬ 
ministered at the county jail by a legal representa¬ 
tive, so that they Avould live "standing up” for a 
while, would have a civilizing effect. There are 
cases where the shingle is mightier than the sword 
or the pen. As for the A\-illingness of the dear old 
farmer to give “out of his abundance,” he will be 
Pkely to begin Avhen the "auto hog” shows more 
liberality with his oavo property and less Avith the 
fa rmer’s. 
* 
T HE article on “Farming the Forest” is only an 
incident in the great campaign now going on 
to cover many of our abandoned hillsides Avith use¬ 
ful trees. There is every argument in favor of it 
Many of these fields are doav useless—an eyesore 
on the face of nature. They are Avorse. for the 
removal of the forests has changed the climate, 
dried up the brooks and springs, and reduced the 
value of surrounding farm land. The use of con¬ 
crete has not and av i 11 not greatly reduce the demand 
for lumber. We shall need more and more of it in 
the future, while the present supply of trees is fail¬ 
ing. If a laud owner has any loA T e for the next 
generation he can surely “tell it in trees." It is 
true that, many of us who are now planting forest 
trees may not live to see our crop grow into great 
value, hut. avo may know that we are to make the 
world of the future a little better. One of our 
readers makes a hold assertion about forestry and 
trees. Tie says that if—50 years ago—the people 
of every New York school district had planted near 
each schoolhouse a feAv acres of pine and spruce, 
our rural schools would today be self-supporting. 
We think he is about right, and it is a fair state¬ 
ment of what Ave may do for the future by planting 
trees. 
* 
1 would guess that from 2,000 to 4.000 tons of dust 
will be used iu dusting apple trees in this district of 
Nova Scotia. Of course an enormous lot of modified 
Bordeaux spraying is used here also, but lime-sulphur 
is never seen or smelt any longer. Our crop went to 
pieces Avith lime-sulphur, and avo have had our lesson. 
JOHN BUCHANAN. 
E find that many jicav growers are using dust 
each year. Apparently feAv abandon its use 
when -once started. By using dry sulphate of cop¬ 
per, tobacco dust or nicotine sulphate new combina¬ 
tions of dust are prepared Avhich appear to control 
nearly all insect pests, except the scale. In spite of 
the claims made by manufacturers, we doubt if any 
dust Avill clean out the .San ,Tos6 scale Avhen avoII 
established in an orchard. Our observation is that 
the dust AA’ill kill some of the young scales at the 
time they hatch and craAvl about, but some biting 
liquid is required when they are securely fastened 
to the trees. We use the dust because, on our rough 
and dry hills, it means great, economy of labor and 
time and gives reasonable quality in fruit. We can 
remember the time when the experts claimed that 
a combination of lime-sulphur and arsenic was 
about as near to a perfect spray for all purposes as 
avo Avere likely to get. A dust of sulphur, lime, 
arsenic, tobacco and copper is more effective for 
everything, except scale. 
* 
A FEW weeks ago Ave spoke of the inherited 
racial feeling between France and England. 
For many centuries the French and the English 
were hitter enemies. The heritage of the years is 
strong, and though the tAvo nations were driven into 
military partnership through fear of Germany, no 
one could expect a mechanical Avar union to make 
a complete graft. It seems evident that at Genoa 
this old racial feeling has burst out once more, and 
it Avill he very difficult to make any lasting peace 
arrangement while it exists. Many of the daily 
papers are talking glibly about the conference,- hut 
it is doubtful if the public Avill receive the real 
truth. The danger seems to lie in a military and 
industrial combination between Germany and Rus¬ 
sia. Give Germany full access to the raw material 
in Russia, and give her military poAver oA’or the 
millions of Russian soldiers, and Avitbin 20 years 
(here Avould lie danger of another human flood from 
the East of Europe such as repeatedly swept to the 
Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea iu past centuries. 
The danger seems to lie that the obstinacy of France 
may make such a combination possible. Thus far 
the Genoa conference seems to have been almost 
entirely political, and this country was wise in keep¬ 
ing out of it. 
* 
N EARLY 200 years ago a hunter wandering 
through the forest in Massachusetts came upon 
a wild apple tree. It Avas during the beautiful 
Indian Summer of New England, and the ground 
beneath the tree was Avell covered with mellow red 
apples. They Avere of such excellent quality that 
the tree was marked and remembered, and Avood 
was taken for grafting. Some years later the 
variety Avas named Baldwin, in honor of some local 
Revolutionary hero. No one knew how long the 
tree had been growing as a chance forest seedling. 
It was doubtless known to the Indians long before 
the white man chanced upon it. It was one of many 
superior fruits which the forests and fence corners 
of New England have given us. It might haA*e lived 
and passed away Avithout discovery, hut brought by 
chance into cultivation, it has done more for its 
native section than any other product of flic soil— 
man included. Such names as Webster. Adams, 
Hancock and Revere will he remembered ns long as 
Americans are proud of their independence, yet this 
red apple has carried the name of Baldwin and 
made it famous far beyond the limits of this coun¬ 
try. For the Baldwin apple and it*-- old neighbor, 
the Bartlett pear, have been carried to every corner 
of the earth, and men of every tongue and clime 
have tasted their spicy and cooling acids. The 
May 20, 1922 
Baldwin apple has brought uncounted Avealth to 
New England, and it is with something of painful 
regret that we must chronicle the beginning of its 
decline. For the time has come when Baldwin must 
begin to retire before finer and sturdier rivals. It 
cannot endure the extreme cold. It is becoming 
more and more of a shy and intermittent bearer. It 
begins to act like one who feels that having done 
great. Avork in the past, he is privileged to take 
things easy and shirk a little. That Avill noA’er do 
in this modern uge. The cultivation of the Baldwin 
apple may work South into a lower latitude, hut for 
the North, in the territory where it was once 
supreme, Ave think its day is done. McIntosh is a 
finer apple, a regular bearer and a much hardier 
tree. We think our scientists Avill develop a late 
McIntosh, or a later variety, with the superior qual¬ 
ities of that variety. When that is done and the 
trees come into hearing the planting of Baldwin will 
rapidly cease, as has been the case Avith It. I. Green¬ 
ing and Russet. Both are fine varieties, but they 
could not hold their own with the public. It seems 
like telling some old friend that his day is done to 
Avrite this, but we feel convinced that the years of 
the BaklAvin apple are being numbered. 
* 
E seem to have settled the big hen’s egg con¬ 
test. So far as reported to us, the R. I. Reds 
Avin with one egg weighing seven ounces. Now 
comes another chance for a contest : 
Would you kindly inform me as to which breed of 
hen cackles the loudest? I have been under the impres¬ 
sion that the Partridge Cochin lias this peculiarity, but 
am not sure. o. n. s. 
We have always thought this a matter of individ¬ 
ual hen rather than of breed. At any rate, the 
writer cannot pose as an expert. We think the 
guinea foAvl can out-yell anything that wears feath¬ 
ers, and for loudest caekler our vote would go to a 
happy Leghorn or a pugnacious Game. What do 
you say? 
* 
I have a tractor and plow. My neighbor has a grain 
drill and uses horses. 1 want to make a deal Avith him 
to do all the plowing he wants at so much an acre, and 
have him do ail my seeding and charge me for same. 
IIow much should we charge each other, or what is the 
ratio of cost, between plowing, harrowing and seeding? 
w. n. s. 
HIS question is coming up everywhere. Some 
farmers sell all their horses and depend on the 
neighbors for work where a team must he used. 
They then expect to do some plowing Avith the trac¬ 
tor in return. Many figures have been kept, and it 
seems fair to say that a tractor and one man Avill 
cost, on the average, $1.66 per hour. Two horses 
and one man. with needed farm machinery, will cost 
about 90 cents. These figures are comparative, and 
they indicate a market ratio of 12/3 to 1. This 
means that a team of horses should work 100 min¬ 
utes to offset an hour’s full work with a tractor. 
We have no doubt some farmers Avill object to such 
a comparison, but what can they offer that is fairer? 
W 
E have five children now at home, and they all 
like milk. They average at least one quart 
each per day, and avo have abundant proof in their 
growth and health of the value of milk as a food. 
The children are big-boned, rosy and strong. It 
seems to us a part of family duty to encourage milk 
drinking in children. It is the best and safest food 
they can possibly lake, and milk drinking is about, 
the best habit they can start in their youth. Too 
many country children are never taught to drink 
milk freely, when, from every point of vieAv. tlie 
country child should be the ideal milk consumer. 
Just now there seems to lie a surplus production of 
milk, although a few years ago it was thought that 
many farmers would he driven out of milk produc¬ 
tion. It is true that many smaller dairies have been 
given up. but the larger ones have been increased or 
improved Avith better stock, so that the total produc¬ 
tion has somewhat increased. What avo need now 
is increased consumption to use up the surplus. 
There are still thousands of children in all the towns 
and cities who average barely a tablespoonful of 
milk per day. How can Ave get them filled up? 
Brevities 
Remember the possibilities of millet as a silo crop. 
Let us put in another good word for Alsike clover. 
It pays to mix the seed with Red clover. 
There is no regular market price for silage. About 
35 per cent of the value of good hay in the mow is a 
fair valuation. 
When you undertake to use sunflower stalks as bean 
poles remember that you must use plant food for the 
pole as well as for the beans. A dead pole needs no 
food. 
