The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
trees of it as I can properly care for, but until it is 
the Baldwin. Greening, Newtown. Spy, King and 
Jonathan will not be replaced by varieties of un¬ 
known worth. 
POOR RETURNS.—Here is a question I would 
like to put up to our Federal and other statisticians: 
We have been reading everywhere during the iast 
year that there were millions upon millions of bear¬ 
ing apple trees less in the country at the present time 
than there were 10 and 20 years ago. and everyone 
was fairly implored to plant more trees or the nation 
would go appleless to bed. Well, then, why under 
the canopy, at this present time, when these same 
collectors of statistics report the entire apple crop 
of the country as being but a trifle more than half 
a crop, do the very finest varieties even fail to 
pay expenses’; In their section the crop is about a 
third of an average, but the quality is far superior 
to anything i have ever seen before, and yet some 
such fruit has been sent to market, with the result 
that the sender has found himself in debt. Two New 
York commission men who were on the grounds ad¬ 
vised me to allow the most perfect fruit—mature 
and highly colored—to rot upon the trees rather than 
W E can quite believe that a dose of kerosene 
might give relief in a very slight attack of 
spasmodic or cramp colic, but we should not care to 
depend upon it in severe colic of that or the flatulent 
i wind i form. It is quite a common practice among 
farmers to give kerosene for bloat in cattle, but the 
dose is from two ounces up to as much as a pint. 
The latter dose was proposed to us by a dairyman, 
but we should think it far too much and quite dan¬ 
gerous. Kerosene has also been used in colds and 
croup of children. The dose proposed by our cor¬ 
respondent may be considered a homeopathic one. 
but if it does the work, well and good, and many 
readers may care to give it a trial, lake tincture of 
aconite, the dose of which is seven to 15 drops, or 
even a little more in some cases, kerosene may prove 
remedial in some instances, but might fail in others, 
and as concerns aconite, it should be remembered 
that that drug is a very dangerous poison and may 
kill the horse if the heart is weak or diseased. That 
cannot he said of kerosene, and if a larger dose is 
desired it may safely he administered as a drench 
in milk. It is also useful for bloat in sheep, the dose 
being a tablespoon shaken up in a pint of new milk. 
The milk alone sometimes proves 
remedial for bloat of sheep, or 
r-' ‘ kerosene may be replaced by a 
like dose of pure turpentine. 
Now as to heaves. As often 
stated here that disease is incur¬ 
able when established, but the 
distress may be relieved by giv- 
-nirr-- ing three times daily in feed a. 
teaspoon of a mixture of equal 
quantities, by weight, of pow- 
_ dered stramonium leaves and 
M chloride of ammonia, or a table¬ 
spoon of Fowler's solution of ar¬ 
senic in a little water sprinkled 
on the feed or given with a half¬ 
ounce hard rubber syringe in the 
mouth. The cough of heaves may 
be lessened by letting the affected 
horse inhale the fumes from a 
bucket of crude petroleum oil set 
^ in the manger. Beaumont. Tex- 
t as. oil. lias been especially re- 
K commended for this purpose. In 
k addition to either one of these 
i • ^'tv 4 remedies all feed should be 
years. Nine out or io win replace muse om 
witi trees with some early producing variety, and 
a dozen years from now we will have a deluge of 
early fruit, but will be mighty short on long-keeping 
and storage varieties, which will be way beyond 
par in value." And his statements have turned out 
to be quite true, for this section, anyway. Most 
everyone had planted double the amount of McIn¬ 
tosh they could properly take 
care of: and then they proceeded 
to do the same thing with the 
Delicious. And comparatively 
none of the old. long-keeping 
standards— Baldwin. Greening, 
Spy and Newtown—were set out 
to replace the lost Baldwins. The 
Baldwin is by no means a perfect w . % 
variety, but 1 know of no other 
sort that approaches any nearer 
to it. Certainly the Cortland, as 
exhibited by the Geneva people. ■ 
cannot be listed even in the same ^ 
class. But I have been told that 
when grown here in the Hudson 
Valiev it is very superior to 1*3?? 
those of the western part of the fj 
BALDWIN EXPERIENCE— 
My experience with Baldwins, ‘ ■" 
however, lias been of such a 
nature that I would never plant W 
another unless I had produced VjX&d ' 
the tree myself, or at least had ^ 
it grown from my own scions. I fifiM||| mmo? * 
have a block of loo Baldwins, 
grown, planted IT years 
and they have never fruited 
yet. Another block of 60 frees, 
14 years old. have their first crop 
this year, while UK) trees of my 
own growing a iv producing their 
second crop at eight years old. 
My experience with the Baldwin ^ 
is such that if I were to plant - 
nursery-grown stock again I ^ 
would set yearlings, and instead 
of selecting three or four branches 
for forming the head, as the ex¬ 
perts taught us. I would allow 
double that number to remain, 
and allow the tree to develop naturally—not prune 
for a “modified central leader." A Baldwin grown 
in this way makes the most perfect shape of any 
apple tree, to my thinking. We get the greatest 
bearing area and get it so apportioned that there is 
a minimum of breaking of overloaded limbs, for one 
of the Baldwin's weak points is that it has quite 
brittle wood. 
PRUNING AND THINNING.—Tile tree is one of 
the easiest and most satisfactory to prune that I 
know of. and the same can be said when it comes 
to thinning the fruit: and these are both decidedly 
practical points. It is a heavy biennial bearer and. 
personally. 1 prefer them tbiennials) t<> many of the 
so-called annual bearers. 
HEAVY PRODUCTION.—During the whole life 
of the tree it is doubtful if there is any other variety 
that can compare with it in the great crops it pro¬ 
duces. i have repeatedly seen trees that prod)iced 
over 30 barrels, and one year saw a great block chat 
averaged over 20 barrels to a tree. The Baldwin, 
for this section certainly lias been our great stand¬ 
ard apple. It is beautiful in appearance, excellent 
for all culinary purposes, and when picked at the 
proper time and stored in a suitable place has quality 
enough to make it a good dessert apple. Ami it is an 
apple that requires no "bush.” Its reputation is 
already established, which is a great point in its 
favor, for many a good fruit has required years of 
advertising before it found a satisfactory market. 
AY hen the best apple is discovered I want as many 
W E do not see many Light 
Brahum fowls nowadays, 
hut once in a while we find a 
flock like the one shown in the 
picture. It is a handsome bird, large and dignified, 
and the feathers like black lace around the neck. 
Years ago in New England the Brahma was the bird. 
You could find it everywhere. And the Yankees went 
West and took old Brahma with them, until they 
spread all over the West. In those days crates of 
live poultry carried through town would always 
show a neck trimmed with black lace sticking out 
through the slats! All that is now changed. Such 
crates now show red and gray, for the R. I. Red and 
the Plymouth Rock have forced old Brahma out of 
the contest. Yet she still lives in her descendants, 
for practically all of the “American" breeds have 
more or less of the Brahma blood in their make-up. 
As a large breed we tliink the Black Jersey Giants 
are superior. They are heavier, more active, better 
rangers ami somewhat better layers, yet there will 
always he many of us who have a warm spot in 
memory for tin* old Light Brahma with her white 
body and laced neck. 
1 Flock of lAyht lirali hi ii Fowls 
stud it to market within 10 days or two weeks. How 
are these facts to lie reconciled with the statement 
that we have tens of millions less of hearing trees 
now than we had 10 years ago’; If. instead of set¬ 
ting out more trees, the farmers and fruit growers 
would cut down thousands of inferior apple trees 
which they already have, apple growing would be a 
safer and more profitable industry than it is at 
present, h. losee. 
New York. 
Kerosene for Colic ; Relief for “Heaves” 
On page 024 R. B., New Jersey, asks for a colie cure 
for horses. In reply would say: Take a tablespoon of 
granulated sugar, soak i* with kerosene, ami give it to 
the horse on his tongue. He will eat it willingly. If 
the case is very severe repeat the dose iu half an hour 
or sooner. As a general rule the horse will get relief 
as soon as tin- kerosene enters the s.oinaeh, and within 
an hour or so he will begin to eat. Colic is caused by 
quick and undue or excessive fermentation of the con¬ 
tents of tile stomach, often started by eating 'on much 
green food, ur by drinking slash water after a storm, 
or by drinking meitei? snow water in the Winter What¬ 
ever tin cause nay be. the kerosene " ill stoi it a< soon 
n- it gets to the *ea< ot the trouble; it ao*s like oil on 
a rough sea. 
This lemedy is also good for children when iliev are 
taken sick after eating green fruit and the like, but in 
this case two or three drops of kerosene on a little sugar 
will do die work. The sugar is used only for this rea¬ 
son. that it 'akes !,<> kerosene ea-ilv and makes it more 
palatable o serve. Ti is Impossible to mix kerosene 
with water. 
In exchange for tills remedy I would like to have 
someone give me a cure for heaves in horses. I have 
tried all I could get hold of without success. w. v. A. 
Connecticut. 
The sphygomamanometer is a new instrument said to 
he able to detect a liar. It is attached to the arm like 
the usual device for detecting blood pressure, and it 
will indicate whether the witness it telling the truth 
or not! 
John Byrne, an alien living in New Jersey, could 
not read or write English on June 4. On July 19 he 
passed a literacy test—being taught by his sister—in 
fib days. Not long ago we met a native Jerseyman of 
dfl who cannot read or write. 
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