Live Stock Matters 
Conducted By Prof. F. C. Minkler 
Feeding Cows and Raising Calves 
The dairy farmer is always facing in¬ 
teresting problems. Recently I have spent 
considerable time among dairymen located 
in the New England States. Many of 
them raise their own calves from then- 
best cows, yet it is surprising to find so 
many large operations in milk produc¬ 
tion, where no calves are raised, and 
where the cows are sold to either the 
dealer or the butcher when their milk 
How reaches its low ebb. I am convinced 
that many so-called dairy farmers cannot 
raise calves successfully. They do not 
feed them properly, the youngsters do 
not grow steadily, they mature under¬ 
sized, and consequently lack the vigor 
and health necessary for the making of 
a good or profitable dairy cow. 
Usually about one-half of the heifer 
calves reared from the average dairy herd 
fail to develop iuto useful cows, and 
fully 30 per cent of the few that do reach 
maturity and milk are found to be un¬ 
desirable or unprofitable. As I go about 
from section to section and observe the 
methods employed in rearing calves and 
feeding cows. I am convinced that a 
great many dairymen would be better oft 
today if they never raised a calf, but 
rather depended upon their neighbor or 
the dealer to supply them with cows 
necessary to replenish their herds. 
In the first place, the calf is born un¬ 
thrifty. The cow, if she freshens during 
the Winter months, was probably denied 
grain and fed largely uu poor roughage. 
The absence of an abundance of avail¬ 
able mineral matter such as calcium and 
phosphorus limited its growth and nor¬ 
mal development. The cow’s milk lacked 
vita mines, and the weakling was not 
given a chance to overcome its inherent 
weaknesses. Perchance the calf was well 
born and Well fed during its early life. 
Many find poor picking in depleted pas¬ 
tures during their yearling stage. Many 
are overfed dining the first six months 
of their life on grain and milk, then 
turned to pasture and given no grain 
during the next few months. They lose 
all that they might have gained, and are 
rounded up in October and November 
with overgrown heads and horns, but 
with lean, lanky, snake-barreled bodies. 
An ambitious bull lias added to their 
burdens, and they find themselves in milk 
rrhatXL 
ilkChecK 
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check is always bigger than | | 
W mine when we both milk the I 
\W same number of cows?” 
W “It’s good old Double Diamond that 
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