foot up so that it will not touch the floor. Now 
keep a good halter on the horse, and he won’t pull 
very hard. 
One owner stopped his horse’from halter-pulling 
in the following novel way: lie led him to a wharf 
hy a river, stood him with his rear toward the water 
and right side close to a partition that ran from the 
wall in front to the edge of the wharf. Meanwhile 
the horse was kept from seeing the river, and so 
did not know of its proximity. To make sure of that 
the horse was held there for some time, then his 
halter rope was tied to a ring in the wall. Instantly 
he hung hack and tried to break the rope, hut the 
owner severed the rope with a sharp knife and the 
horse turned a back somersault into the river 10 
ft. below. That experience cured the vice. The 
horse never tried halter-pulling again! a. s. a. 
The Red Fleshed Apple 
When i was a boy, 50 years ago. father had in his 
orchard an apple tree that was very noticeable when in 
bloom, as it had a decided pink blossom. The fruit 
matured in the late Fall, was small, with a very purple 
skin, and the flesh was solid and linn, with poor flavor. 
It had no commercial value. 
It was amusing to give ihis apple to strangers who 
did not know it, to see their surprised expressions when 
the apple was cut open, as the tlesh was a blue purple. 
'1 his "Surprise” apple, for that was the uatne, was not 
a sport, hut was (rue to name. It was purchased at a 
local nursery with other varieties at tlie time of setting 
the orchard. From the cut and description in The It. 
N.-\. for November IS I would judge the Knowles 
lllue Blood was the same Surprise apple of 50 years 
ago. f. B. 
Brinekerhoff. N. Y. 
T he true Surprise apple is an English sort, re¬ 
corded in Downing’s -Fruits and Fruit Trees 
of America as “A small, round, whitish-yellow apple, 
of little or no value, but admired by some for its 
singularity, the flesh being stained with red. No¬ 
vember to January.” It is also listed in the cata¬ 
logue of the London Horticultural Society for 1S42. 
and a “Surprise” apple is given in the Genesee 
Fanner for 1S32. Tile color of the skins of the Sur¬ 
prise that you knew and the one recorded in pomo- 
logical literature seem at variance, otherwise the 
descriptions are similar. Whether Knowles Blue 
Blood—a shorter name, perferably one word, would 
be much more desirable and more likely to be re¬ 
tained—described and figured in The R. N.-Y. of 
November IS. is the '‘Surprise’’ that you knew would 
he difficult to say. for there are any number of red- 
tleslied apples of this general description, and with¬ 
out a close comparison of specimens it would be 
dangerous to say. 
llod-fleshed apples have been known for centuries. 
They are recorded in European writings hundreds 
of years ago. Moreover, tills red-flesh character is 
not confined to apples alone; witness the red-fleshed 
plums, like Satsuiua, Maynard and Purple Flesh; 
the red-fleshed peaches, like Blood Cling and Japan 
Dwarf; the blood oranges: and even the red-fleshed 
pears, common in Austria and Germany. As for 
apples, we are all familiar with tin* reddish streaks 
often seen in apples of the Fa mouse Group, to which 
belong McIntosh. Shiawassee. Snow and St. Law¬ 
rence. From this small beginning gradations of 
color run through a deeper reddish tinge in Jersey 
Black to an almost solid red in other sorts. 
The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
Any number of red-fleshed apples have been re¬ 
ceived at the New York Agricultural Experiment 
Station at Geneva, most of them worthless excepting 
for their interesting flesh characters. In crossing 
the various fruits it is found that the apples that 
carry high color, almost black in some cases, trans¬ 
mit this character well to their offspring. Jersey 
Black, for example, a very dark apple, gives highly 
colored seedlings, often with reddish colored flesh. 
In fact, one seedling of good quality has been origin¬ 
ated on the station grounds which makes sauce the 
color of cranberry sauce! The trouble is that there 
has never been any demand for these red-fleshed 
fruits, aside from their novelty. Still, red apple 
sauce, to our notion, wouldn’t go so bad with that 
Thanksgiving turkey. h. b. t. 
Notes from New England 
EE-KEEPiNG WORK.—The usual situation, so 
far as the honey yield is concerned, seems to 
have been reversed this year. The fruit blossoms in 
the Spring gave a fine flow, and more fruit honey 
was obtained than for many years past. The mid¬ 
summer flow was badly interfered with by long- 
continued rain, and the Fall yield lias been less than 
normal. It has been difficult to find much really 
good comb honey, even in the shows. Most of that 
seen has been much too dark to meet the approval of 
experts. Bee-keeping is getting back to normal in 
New England, two mild Winters having been favor¬ 
able. Apparently, too. the interest in bees is con¬ 
stantly growing. 
LARGE HIVES.—I find that a number of bee¬ 
keepers are adopting what is called a jumbo hive, 
be cause they believe that with this hive they eau get 
a larger yield of honey with less swarming. As the 
name indicates, the jumbo hive is much larger than 
hives of the ordinary type. The extra size, however, 
is in height rather than in width, for wide and long 
hives have not proved a great success. The hives 
most commonly used by experienced bee-keepers con¬ 
tain 10 frames in which the bees make their honey. 
In the jumbo hives the same number of frames is 
retained, but they are an inch deeper than frames 
of the common type. This adds very much to the 
capacity of the hive. Now jumbo hives are being 
made up by factories and put on the market, but 
they are rather expensive, and bee-keepers can easily 
avoid the additional cost by changing their old hives 
into jumbos. In order to this it is only necessary 
to obtain four strips of wood cut in the right 
lengths, and nail them squarely to the bottom of 
the regulation 10-frame hive. These strips should 
be exactly 2 1 * in. in thickness, and. of course, 
must he absolutely uniform, so that they will set 
evenly on the bottom board and allow no cracks. 
Any ordinary hive can be converted into a jumbo 
hive by a few minutes' work. II will be necessary 
only to buy new frames of the required depth, and 
these frames will last for years, being used over and 
over again. It is best to buy them filled with sheets 
of wax foundation, because otherwise the bees will 
build a great many drone cells, which will be a dis¬ 
advantage. The frames which were formerly used 
in the old hive will not be wasted, for they eau be 
used in deep supers set on top of the hive body to 
receive the surplus honey. 
1415 
WINTERING BEES.—These big hives winter the 
bees well, especially if an outside case is built to 
fit down over them. Such a case is easily made at 
home, being merely a box a few inches larger than 
the hive. It should have strips at the bottom which 
fit close to the hive body, and the space between 
the two walls can he filled with some absorbent 
material. Tests have shown that the best insulation 
is afforded by granulated cork, which gives almost 
100 per cent protection. In such a hive, built in 
this way and containing 35 lbs. of honey, with a 
young queen, the bees are almost certain to winter 
well and build up strong in the Spring, which is 
the secret of honey production. Some good bee¬ 
keepers retain the outside cases even in Summer, 
believing that they tend to keep the hives cool, which 
is highly desirable if they have a location in an 
open field where there is no other protection from 
the hot rays of the sun. Many amateurs as well as 
commercial bee-keepers are adopting the jumbo type 
of hive and finding it* a good investment when they 
follow this plan of enlarging their old hives to avoid 
expense. e. i. fabrington. 
Advertisements in a Market Bulletin 
W E have a copy of the Market Bulletin, which 
is published by the State Bureau of Markets 
in Atlanta. Ga. This is quite a remarkable publica¬ 
tion in the fact that it contains nothing except 
weekly prices for farm goods, a brief warning to 
buyers and a great number of small advertisements, 
offering all sorts of things for direct sale. 
There are in this one issue 223 women and 639 
men who offer articles for sale, while 32 women and 
216 men advertise various want ll 'his makes a 
total of 1,100 advertisements iu . publication. The 
offers cover about everything that could be thought 
of on the farm or in the home. All kinds of live 
stock, seeds and plants, hay. flour and feed. nuts, 
poultry and eggs, second-hand machinery, syrup, in 
fact, everything that the Southern farmer would 
he likely to need. The advertisements are brief 
and well put, giving the full address of the adver¬ 
tisers. with a plain statement of what is offered for 
sale. For instance, one woman wants to buy a top 
buggy and harness. Another wants to buy quart 
cans for syrup. One man in town advertises for a 
Supply of 12 lbs. of country butter every week. One 
boy wants a harness for a Shetland »>ny. One man 
advertises that he has lost the address of a party 
who ordered turnip seed the week before, and there¬ 
fore lie wants another letter from him. 
In a way this is one of the most remarkable docu¬ 
ments we have ever seen, and it should he a great 
benefit to Southern farmers. Such a plan not only 
gives a farmer opportunity to buy or sell goods, but 
it is sure to bring him into closer relations with 
other farmers, and that is one of the best things 
that could happen to him. We do uot know just 
how such a plan would operate in New Jersey or 
New York. Much the same plan is followed on 
some of the large parcel post routes running out 
from the large cities, and this form of direct adver¬ 
tising. if those who advertise are careful to send 
just what they promise and make ;i fair price, ought 
to be an excellent tiling for farmers. 
Aged Gnenixcg Cow (Tax* at Xatioval Dairy show. Fig. 
