The RURAL. NEW-YORKER 
1479 
Farm Mechanics 
By Robert H. Smith 
Change of Water in Well 
My well is 100 ft. deep, aud in taking 
up the pipe lately there was 70 ft. of 
water in the casing and rack. This is a 
5-in. casing with a pipe inside 1% in., 
and a rod in that lo work the cylinder. 
The (juestion came to me as to how this 
water in the casing is renewed, as it 
looks to me as though it stayed there all 
the while. This water certainly does not 
go down to the cylinder to be pumped 
up. There is a hole drilled through the 
hard Hint rock in which there is no cas¬ 
ing. as the rock forms a casing. It looks 
to me as though a pump should be put in 
this casing just to reach the top water, 
and the water would keep rising as the 
top water was pumped out. I do not 
believe this water can be cleaned out in 
any other way. There is probably one 
gallon of water in each foot of casing 
that stays there indefinitely, e. w, c. p. 
There is more or less circulation in the 
water of a well, so that the contents are 
kept uniform. When installing a pump 
the cylinder or suction pipe is put to the 
bottom, or near it. to enable one to pump 
all of the water from the well if neces¬ 
sary. If installed near the top and pump¬ 
ing was faster than the supply, but very 
little water could be drawn. 
Kerosene or Gasoline for Tractor 
Which pays the best to use, gasoline 
at 26c or kerosene at 14c, in a tractor? 
Princess Anne. Md. T. o. v. 
It is difficult or imposible to state with 
definiteness just what will be the fuel 
cost in either case as there are so many 
factors upou which the cost of operation 
depends. Among the more important of 
these factors are the operator and the use 
to which the tractor is put. The tractor 
named is designed for burning kerosene, 
and will do so satisfactorily. Where at¬ 
tention is paid to lubrication, selecting the 
proper lubricating oil, maintaining the 
proper oil level and ••hanging the oil fre¬ 
quently, kerosene will prove the cheaper 
fuel to use. This is especially true dur¬ 
ing the warm months, and when the trac¬ 
tor is used for continuous work. Lubrica¬ 
tion is mentioned, as it must be watched 
a little mo re closely when kerosene is be¬ 
ing used than is necessary when burning 
gasoline. For Winter use or whou used 
for short runs only, requiring frequent 
starting, gasoline is often used because of 
its greater convenience under these con¬ 
ditions. the slightly higher operating cost 
being offset by the greater convenience. 
Under normal conditions, however, the 
kerosene will be found to be the cheaper. 
Pump for Water Supply 
I have a hydraulic ram. and it takes 
water from a 1x4 ft. tank supplied it by 
tile drain. Last Fall and this Fall the 
water is too low to run it. I wish to 
pump with engine, ll/, horsepower. How 
large a pine do 1 need? Distance is 450 
ft. to house, rise 17 ft., up ia tank, 20 ft. 
Mnllicu Hill. X. J. j. A. 
The size pipe required under these con¬ 
ditions would depend upon the capacity of 
the pump and the rapidity with which the 
water was forced through the line. Pipe 
friction increases about as the square of 
the velocity and so mounts up very rapid¬ 
ly when velocity is increased by 'forcing 
a greater quantity of water through the 
line. Using a MxlO-in. cylinder operating 
at a 6-in, stroke at the rate of 40 strokes 
per minute, and delivering about 71/3 
gallons per minute, a 1-in. pipe could be 
used. If a smaller pump were used aud 
water pumped at the rate say of about 
four gallons per minute, it might ho pos¬ 
sible to connect to the existing delivery 
pipe of the ram which is presumably 
: Vi in. A gate valve could be placed be¬ 
tween the ram and the pump connection, 
and one nlso between the pump and the 
delivery line of the ram. permitting the 
ram to be used when sufficient water was 
available, and the pump relied upon to 
furnish water through the same line when 
the water was too low to operate the 
ram. 
Creosote from Chimney 
T have a chimney that does not leak, 
but the black tar is coming through the 
walls. Will you let me know what to do? 
The chimney is not quite straight, but 
that should not make the tar come out. 
West Olive, Mich. u. ic. 
The strong smelling, tarry substance, 
is a product of condensation within the 
chimney, resulting from the cooling of the 
air column ns it ascends. If the ascend¬ 
ing columns of gases can he kept warm 
enough the material will pass off as a 
vapor, but when cooled b.v the admission 
of air or the too close choking of the 
draft, it condenses within the pipe and 
drips back. The condition can be 
checked or lessened by seeing that, the 
chimney passage is unobstructed; by 
making the chimney tight, preventing 
air from entering except through the 
pipe, and by running the stove or furnace 
in such a way that a little more heat is 
permitted to escape up the chimney. Con¬ 
trol the draft by a damper in the pipe 
rather than by the check which permits 
the entrance of cold air at the base of 
the pipe. When a chimney gives trouble 
only during stormy weather, protecting 
the top will sometimes help. R. u. s. 
A Practical Reminder 
for Everyday Farmers 
You know your farm like a book. Whether it covers 80 acres or 320 
acres, you are perfectly familiar with every corner of every field. You 
know the lay and contents of the buildings that make up your homestead. 
With your eyes shut you can tally the livestock and all the items of 
farm equipment. To be well posted on these things is a matter of 
pride with you and a matter of careful management besides. 
This policy could well be carried a step further. Profitable, economi¬ 
cal farming is so largely a matter of modern, improved machines that 
every good farmer should keep posted also on the equipment on the 
market so that when occasion arises he may invest to the very best 
advantage by the purchase of new machines. 
We are therefore printing here for your information the list of 
standard, reliable, most popular farm equipment— 
THE McCORMICK-DEERING LINE 
** of FARM OPERATING EQUIPMENT ** 
Grain Binders 
Threshers 
Harvester-Threshers 
Headers 
Push Binders 
Mowers 
Hav Rakes 
Tedders 
Hav Loaders 
Side-Delivery Rakes 
Sweep Rakes and Stackers 
Combined Side Rake and Tedder 
Baling Presses 
Corn Planters 
Listers 
Com Cultivators 
Corn Binders 
Corn Pickers 
Com Shellers 
Ensilage Cutters 
Huskers and Shredders 
Huskers and Silo Fillers 
Beet Seeders 
Beet Cultivators 
Beet Pullers 
Cotton Planters 
Grain Drills 
Lime Sowers 
Broadcast Seeders 
Tractor Plows 
Walking Plows 
Riding Plows 
Disk Harrows 
Spring-Tooth Harrows 
Peg-Tooth Harrows 
Tractor Harrows 
One-Horse Cultivator* 
Culti-Packers 
Kerosene Engines 
Tractors 
Motor Trucks 
Cream Separators 
Manure Spreaders 
Stalk Cutters 
Feed Grinders 
Stone Burr Mills 
Cane Mills 
Potato Diggers 
Wagons 
Twine 
This equipment is always available for you at the store of the 
McCormick-Deering dealer. In the list are many items for farming in 
winter—such as engines, various belt power machines, cream sepa¬ 
rators, motor trucks, etc. Make the McCormick-Deering dealer’s store 
your headquarters. Use the service for which his establishment is 
famous. Write us direct for information on any of the above machines. 
International Harvester Company 
Chicago 
of America 
( Incorporated ) 
USA 
93 • BRANCH > HOUSES • AND * 15,000 - DEALERS - IN - THE - UNITED - STATES 
f 
Columbian Rope 
Tape-Marked-Pure Manila-Guaranteed 
Buy your rope by name. Ask for Columbian and find 
the red, white and blue Columbian Tape-Marker—our 
guarantee to you. 
Folder showing ever}} 
knot you Will ever 
need to make sent on 
request. 
Columbian is stronger and lasts longer for: 
Stump Pulling 
Hay Handling 
Stretching Wire Fence 
Swinging Scaffolds 
Handling Heavy 
Machines 
hilling the Icehouse 
Lashing Loads 
Handling Building 
Materials 
Skidding Logs 
COLUMBIAN ROPE COMPANY 
Manufacturers of Rope and Commercial Tariu s 
530-60 Genesee Street 
Auburn, " The Cordage City, ” New York 
New York Chicago Boston Baltimore Houston 
BY IXVlTATina 
MEUBKK or 
7 hi.%Tape-.\farker identifies every 
inch of our guaranteed rope. 
NEW YOKK 
U.'S. *. 
"V pay highest cash prices for 
all staple Curs—Skunk, Mink. 
Muskrat, Raceo on. Red Fox. 
Fancy Fur* a specialty, includ¬ 
ing 811 v « r M«1 Cross F..x, 
FUhor, Marten, etc. Kst. INTO. 
Our continued prompt rcturaxatid liberal policy are now 
bringing us shipments from all North Ameriwn, Alaska 
to Mexico. Send for Fries Mat Address 
M. J. JEWETT * SONS. RE8WOOO, N.Y. 0od(. 20 
DO YOU NEED A TRUCK? 
We have a iH-ton Kissel track 'bat was used as 
a demonstrator. Retails for S1.9J6, Willsellit 
cheap for quick sale. Price $650. If you. want 
a real bargain, write for specifications to-day. 
>L L. BASHORE 
Assistant Treasurer. The Syracuse Trust Co., Syracuse. N.Y. 
Don’t Take a Chance 
furs 
G ET wise, fellows — 
make those extra dol¬ 
lars yourself. We need 
your furs. You need the 
money. We are right in 
the heart of the New York 
Fur Manufacturing Indus¬ 
try. They are right at our 
door ready to take your 
furs as they come in and 
pay the right prices. 
Send ns toiii 
n»m e and ad¬ 
dress. Get our 
Price Bulletins. 
Shipping Tags, 
and f ufl par¬ 
ticulars, Do it 
right now. This 
means real dol¬ 
lars to yon, so 
don't put it off. 
Write today. 
Your check goes back by re¬ 
turn mail 3nd you get one hun¬ 
dred cents on the dollar. We 
pay right because we sell right. 
This means we get all your 
shipments and do the business. 
Ask the trapper who knows. 
Once a Struck & Itossnk snip 
per and you’re always one. 
Our trappers have no poor 
years. They-know in advance 
that we give a square deal and 
every shipment brings good 
money. 
Struck & Bossak, Inc. 
f j 151 West 28th Street 
New York, N. Y. 
When you u*n'fc advertisers mention 
The Rural New- Yorker and you’ll get 
a quick reply and a "square deal.” See 
guarantee editorial page. : : : 
